MECHANISM OF SIDE/ADVERSE

DRUG DATA CLASSIFICATION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

ACTION EFFECTS

General Name: Pharmacologic: Clinical: • Rheumatoid Contraindications: EENT: tinnitus, hearing Before:
Aspirin Salicylate Thought to produce arthritis, • Hypersensitivity loss > Provide through patient teaching,
analgesia by inhibiting osteoarthritis or • NSAID-induced including the name of drug, dosage
Trade Name: prostaglandin and other other sensitivity reactions GI: nausea, GI bleeding, prescribed and measures to avoid
Bayer substances that sensitize polyarthritic or • G6PD deficiency dyspepsia, GI distress, adverse effects.
pain receptors. Drug may inflammation • Bleeding disorders occult bleeding, > Verify correct route and dosage
Minimum Therapeutic: relieve fever by acting on conditions heartburn, anorexia > Obtain baseline vital signs
Dosage: Nonopiod the hypothalamic heat- • Mild pain or Precautions: > Practice proper technique in drug
75 mg PO daily analgesics and regulating center and fever • GI lesions HEMA: prolonged preparation
antipyretics may exert its anti- • Prevention of bleeding time leukopenia, > Explain to client purpose of drug
• Impaired renal
Maximum inflammatory effect by thrombosis thrombocytopenia administration
function
Dosage: inhibiting prostaglandin • Reduce risk of • Hypoprothrombinem
8 g PO daily and other substances. In MI in patients HEPATIC: hepatitis, During:
ia
Pregnancy Risk low doses, drug also with previous hepatic dysfunction > Take drug with food, milk, antacid or
Route: Category: appears to interfere with • Thrombotic full glass of water to reduce GI
MI or unstable thrombocytopenic
PO D clotting by keeping a angina SKIN: rash, bruising , reactions.
PR platelet-aggregating purpura urticaria > Advise clients to discard any aspirin if
• Kawasaki • Severe hepatic
substance from forming. syndrome a strong vinegar odor is noticed.
Availability: impairment OTHER: angioedema, > Instruct to increase oral fluid intake.
• Acute
Chewing gum Therapeutic: Reye syndrome, > For prolonged therapy, assess hct,
rheumatic fever Drug-drug Interactions:
Suppositories Analgesic, anti- hypersensitivity reactions, hgb, PT, INR, and renal function
• Reduce risk of ACE INHIBITORS: may
Tablets inflammatory, antipyretic thirst periodically.
recurrent decrease antihypertensive
and anti-platelet
transient effects
aggregation After:
ischemic ANTICOAGULANTS: may > Monitor elderly patients closely
attacks and increase risk for bleeding
Pharmacokinetics: because they may be more susceptible
stroke BETA BLOCKERS: may
Onset: 5- 30 min to aspirin’s toxic effect.
• Acute ischemic decrease antihypertensive > Maintain patient in upright position 30
Peak: variable stroke effect min after administration.
CORTICOSTEROID: may > Monitor for hypersensitivity reactions.
Duration: 1-4 hr Patients enhance salicylate > Encourage to use soft-bristled
Indications: elimination and decrease toothbrush
Half-life: 15-20 minutes • Reduce risk of drug level > Advise to watch out for petechiae,
MI in patients HEPARIN: may increase bleeding of gums, and signs of GI
with previous risk for bleeding bleeding
MI or unstable
angina Drug-food interactions:
Caffeine: may increase drug
absorption
Sources: Sources: Sources: Sources: Sources: Sources: Sources:
Nursing 2008: Nursing 2008: Drug Nursing 2008: Drug Nursing 2008: Drug Nursing 2008: Drug Nursing 2008: Drug Nursing 2008: Drug Handbook
Drug Handbook Handbook Handbook Handbook Handbook Handbook Pharmacology, 1998
www.mims.com Pharmacology, 1998