Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 6

the 802 , the alumina will likely have to become fairly satu- gests again that a fair proportion

air proportion of the adsorptive capacity


rated. Adsorbed HF will minimally affect the equilibrium, for 80 2 has been utilized. This seems to be in line with the
but it is likely that 80 2 removal efficiency in the dry scrub- above discussions based on the amount of 80 2 emission.
ber will be poor. Plant measurements on this type of gas show
removal efficiencies which seldom exceed 50%. CONCLUSIONS
HS Soderberg Cells. The earlier comments about 802 con- The low equilibrium value for 802 adsorption on smelter-
centration and equilibrium also apply here. However, if grade aluminas is a limiting .factor in the removal of 802
carbon is important, the 80 2 load will be lower, which from aluminum reduction cell gases in a dry scrubber. The
may offset the above to some extent. We may expect to find quantity of 802 to be scrubbed may produce 8 concentra-
relatively more particulate sulfate in the catch. The effect tions typically up to 0.5 wt. % or higher in the alumina catch,
of fluoride will be slightly more than for pre bake gas, and compared to equilibrium concentrations of 0.4-0.7 wt.% 8
the equilibrium 802 concentration will be reduced further, for surface areas from 40-85 m 2 / g.
which may offset any gains due to a lower 80 2 load. Again, The presence of adsorbed fluoride from the gas will re-
802 removal efficiency will most likely be poor. duce equilibrium adsorption of 80 2 even further. This effect
VS Soderberg Cells. Here, the 802 concentration is close will be most important with V8 80derberg gas, where HF
to 500 ppm and equilibrium values for the alumina will be loading and concentration is higher than for prebake or H8
close to those reported here. The particulate carbon is higher 80derberg gas.
than for prebake, but 803 and subsequent sulfate forma-
tions will be reduced due to the V8 burners. Thus, 802 load- References
ing should be quite high. Also, the high adsorbed gaseous
1. J.S. Lobos, J.P. McGeer, and D.P. Sanderson, "Reactivity of Alumina Towards Hydro-
fluoride concentration will reduce the equilibrium 802 value gen Fluoride," paper presented at 1971 AIME Annual Meeting, New York, N.Y.
significantly. Again, 802 removal efficiency will be poor. 2. C.N. Cochran, W.C. Sleppy, and W.B. Frank, "Fumes in Aluminum Smelting: Chem-
istry of' Evolution and Recovery," J. of Metals, 22, (9), (1970) p. 54-57.
80 far, we have taken an anode sulfur content of 2 wt. % as 3. W.D. Lamb, "A Study of the Equilibrium Adsorption of Hydrogen Fluoride on Smelter
a point of reference. It is evident that any extra 802 pro- Grade Aluminas," paper presented at 1978 AIME Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado~
duced by using higher sulfur raw material in the anode is 4. J.B. Peri and R.B. Hannan, "Surface Hydroxyl Groups on -y-Alumina," J. Phys. Chern.
10, (1960) p. 1526-1530.
unlikely to be adsorbed and will exit in the scrubber stack 5. J,B. Peri, "Infra-red and Gravimetric Studies of Surface Hydration of ,),-Alumina," J.
gas. Phys. Chern., 69, (I), (1965) p. 211-219.
6. T. Novakov, S.G. Chang, and A.B. Harker, "Sulfates as Pollution Particulates:
Two samples of scrubber catch were examined in this Catalytic Formation on Carbon (500+) Particles," Science 186, (1974) p. 259.
work, and we can examine their sulfur concentratioIll> to 7. R.E. Frankenfeldt, U. Mannweiler, "Correlation Between Pot Gas Collection Efficiency
and Metal Purity," paper presented at 1975 AIME Annual Meeting, New York, N.Y.
determine the degree of 80 2 saturation. From Figure 3,
about 80% of the adsorbed 80 2 was driven off at 500C
from the sample equilibrated in the laboratory. With the
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
same conditions, 0.28 wt. % 8 was lost from the first catch
sample (Figure 4). If we assume that all this was due to 80 2
and that this was 80% of the 80 2 adsorbed, then 0.35 wt. % William D. Lamb is an assistant research
8 was due to the latter out of a total of 0.75 wt.% 8. This consultant for the Aluminum Company of
Canada, Ltd. He received his BS in chemistry
would suggest that the alumina was well on the way towards from the University of Wales in 1956. He has
equilibrium with the 802 , However, the 0.35 wt. % figure had experience in the petroleum, petro-
may be high, since we do not know how much of the other chemical, and copper industries. He is a
sulfur forms was lost at 500C. Applying the same reasoning member of the Royal Institute of Chemistry
to the second sample (Figure 5), about 0.21 wt.% of the and the Chemical Institute of Canada, and
0.44 wt. % 8 present may be due to adsorbed 80 2 This sug- is a Chartered Chemist.

PROPOSED CHANGES IN AIME BYLAWS AND CHANGES IN RULES FOR THE BYLAWS
AIMEBYLAWS from the above members upon recommen-
2. The Committee shall have the power to
The AIME Board, at its meeting on June 14, take all necessary action and execu te all dation by the President.
1979, voted its intention to change AIME necessary documents in connection with 2. The Committee shall have the power to
Bylaws as indicated below. If no objections receiving, managing, and disposing of its take all necessary action and execute all
are received the Board will vote approval of investments. The Committee shall from necessary documents in connection with
the changes at its meeting on November 8, time to time designate who shall have receiving, managing and disposing of the
1979. authority to execute documents and repre- assets entrusted to the Committee by the
Present Wording sent the Institute at corporate meetings or AIME Board.
ARTICLE V COMMITTEES otherwise. RULES FOR THE BYLAWS
Section 2. Investment and Krumb Fund Proposed Wording
Committee ARTICLE V COMMITTEES The AIME Board voted to change the Rules
a. Formation of Committee and Duties. The Section 2. AIME Endowments Committee for the Bylaws as follows and these changes
Investment and Krumb Fund Committee a. Formation of Committee and Duties. The are effective as of the June 14, 1979 meeting:
shall be a standing committee of the Committee shall be a standing committee ARTICLE V " COMMITTEES
Institute. of the Institute. Section 2. AIME Endowments Committee
1. The Committee shall consist of six 1. The Committee shall consist of seven Rule 1 - Duties of Endowments Committee
members, appointed by the AIME Board members. Six of the members shall be ap- a. Maintain continuous supervision over in-
of Directors on nomination of the President pointed by the AIME Board of Directors vestments made with funds in the custody
of the Institute, who shall serve for three- on nomination by the President of the Insti- of the Committee.
year terms. These members shall be three tute and shall serve for three-year terms. b. Administer policy concerning the invest-
officers or former officers of AIME and Three members of the Committee shall be ment of AIME Endowment Funds as estab-
two members who have investment knowl- officers or former officers of AIME or its lished by the AIME Board.
edge and experience. The sixth member of constituent units or Sections, and three c. Report to AIME Board on activity of in-
the Committee shall be the Vice President- members of the Committee shall be persons vestment manager or managers, and recom-
Finance, ex officio, with vote. The Chair- having investment knowledge and experi- mend to AIME Board change in such man-
man of the Committee shall be appointed ence. The seventh member of the Com- ager(s) when deemed necessary.
by the AIME Board from the above mem- mittee shall be the AIME Vice President- d. Administer the Krumb Fund and any other
bers upon recommendation of the Presi- Finance. The Chairman of the Committee Endowment Fund as separate funds at the
dent. shall be appointed by the AIME Board request of the donors.
JOURNAL OF METALS October, 1979 37

Вам также может понравиться