The Internet

Internet Technology2 No. 1 Computer joining internet

Prof. Jun Murai

Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University
 Architecture

Send Receive
User User

Application
Application Application
Format, code DATA
Presentation Presentation
Synchronism, delivery system
Session Session
Data transfer control among End system
Transport Transport
Routing Routing

DATA Network Communicat

ion within
Network Communica Network
tion within
same same
Data link network
Data link network Data link
Electricity, Electricity,
Physical physical Physical physical Physical

Relay system
End End
 Identification of node(machineIP address
Identification of program(protocol)port number
Program Program

Skype Web browser BitTorrent Mail software Web browser LINE

The 4th layer

TCP/UDP+Port number TCP/UDP+Port number
Transport layer

NodeA NodeB
The 3rd layer
Network(IP) layer
IP addressA IP addressB

Internet
 UDP header

Source port number Destination port number

UDP data length UDP checksum

Data

32bit
 UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
Character
Standard protocol of connectionless transmission, which
values real-time communication
Execute non-procedure data transmission, so less reliable
than TCP
Use case
Used for data which dont cause big problem if falling out
few parts, such as image, movie, voice and streamed
music. In this case, they ignore delayed packets
Etc. DNS
 TCP
Hypothetically creates circuit for packet exchange

A C
Circuit between A and C
 TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Character
Standard protocol for bidirectional connection-typed
communication, focusing on reliability

Less reliable means

The situation of not guaranteed the arrival of packets
and the order of those

Retransmission Window control

Congestion control Flow control
Sorting Detection errors
 TCP Header
Destination Port
Source Port Number
Number
The order of Data Sequence Number
for transmission
Acknowledge Number
The order of Data Header
Length Reserved Flag Window Size
for confirmation
TCP Check Sum Urgent Pointer
Option

Data

32bit
 TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
Character
Standard protocol for bidirectional connection-typed
communication, focusing on reliability

Less reliable means

The situation of not guaranteed the arrival of packets
and the order of those

Retransmission Window control

Congestion control Flow control
Sorting Detection errors
 Architecture

Send Receive
User User

Application
Application Application
Format, code DATA
Presentation Presentation
Synchronism, delivery system
Session Session
Data transfer control among End system
Transport Transport
Routing Routing

DATA Network Communicat

ion within
Network Communica Network
tion within
same same
Data link network
Data link network Data link
Electricity, Electricity,
Physical physical Physical physical Physical

Relay system
End End
 Comparison TCP / UDP
TCP Protocol UDP
Communication
Connection Connectionless
method
High Reliability Low
Yes Ordering No
Low Transfer speed High
No Real-time Yes
Yes Overhead Yes (but minimum)
HTTP, Telnet, FTP, Upper layer DNS, NTP, DHCP,
POP protocol SNMP
Web Browsing Voice call
Mail Video streaming
File transfer IP broadcast
 Conclusion
The development of end systemThe development of the Internet

Simplicity of relay system

Design foundation of the Internet technology
Controlled by end system
Quality of communication
Reinforcement of function
Development of computer, which is joining Internet
Dont impose unnecessary burden on relay system
Development of end system promotes development of
whole the Internet