Descriptions of radio resource management and LTE RL70, Feature Descriptions and Instructions

telecom features

3 Send the parameters to the eNB according to the procedure described in

section Activating and deactivating LTE features using BTS Site Manager.

3.4 LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing

3.4.1 Description of LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing
Introduction to the feature
The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing supports load balancing for cells deployed
on the same frequency layer.

Benefits

End-user benefits
By managing load actively, the cell edge users who may otherwise result in RF loss
and/or reduced throughput, are moved actively to a less loaded cell, providing stability of
a call, and better throughput.

Operator benefits
Overload situations for specific cells are avoided by steering the traffic into less loaded
cells at the same frequency layer, so the cell edge throughput and the cell average
throughput can be improved.

Requirements

Hardware and software requirements

Table 21 Hardware and software requirements

System release Flexi Multiradio Flexi Multiradio Flexi Zone Micro OMS
BTS 10 BTS
RL70 LBTS7.0 LBTS7.0 LBTS7.0 -

UE NetAct MME SAE GW

3GPP R8 - - -

Additional hardware requirements

This feature requires no new or additional hardware.

Functional description

The intra-frequency load balancing algorithm is triggered once the source cell load is
above a threshold and is stopped once the source cell load is below a threshold.
Cell load is monitored for DL GBR, DL non-GBR, and PDCCH.

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When load balancing is triggered, the eNB uses the resource status reporting procedure
via X2 to establish load reporting from selected inter-eNB neighbor cells.
Intra-eNB neighbor cells use internal (non-X2) mechanism to communicate similar
information amongst the intra-eNB neighbors.
Based upon the load reported by the other cell, the load balancing algorithm calculates
an adjustment to the Cell Individual Offset (CIO) which shifts the handover thresholds
between the selected (intra-eNB and inter-eNB) neighbor cells, for example shrink
loaded cells and expand unloaded cells.
The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature supports load balancing
capabilities to other intra-eNB / inter-eNB cells. The offloading of load is accomplished
via active CIO changes enabling handovers to proceed sooner than normal, during load
conditions. The feature provides the ability to detect load based on a configurable upper
threshold, and subsequently perform CIO changes to its neighbors. Once the cell returns
to normal conditions, where the load drops below the configurable lower threshold, the
eNB terminates relevant RSR procedures.
The eNB continually monitors its load condition. When the load condition reaches the
upper threshold the eNB initiates RSR partnerships with neighboring cells to determine if
load can be directed to other neighbor cells. Once the neighbor cell accepts the RS
Request (internal messaging for intra-eNB cells and X2 messaging for inter-eNB cells),
the neighbor cell transmits RS Update messages in a periodic manner, towards the
requesting neighbor.
The cell that is in loaded condition determines which neighbor cells have capacity to
offload its traffic to, and performs a MC Request(s) (Mobility Change Requests) to one or
more of those cells (eNBs) communicating deltaCIO values to those specific cells, to
shift load.
The communicated deltaCIO values are distributed to a configured set of UEs, via RRC
Connection Reconfiguration messages, performed as bulk CIO change for a configured
set of UEs.

System impact

Interdependencies between features

The following features have interdependencies to the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load
Balancing feature:

LTE533: Mobility Robustness:

MRO works in conjunction with the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature
when both are activated. Individual CIO values need to be maintained for MRO and
deltaCIO so that they could be manipulated independently. The "combined" CIO
value will be used in Measurement Configurations to the UE.
LTE1768: MRO Ping Pong:
MRO Ping Pong works in conjunction with the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load
Balancing feature when both are activated. Individual CIO values need to be
maintained for MRO and deltaCIO so that they could be manipulated independently.
The "combined" CIO value will be used in Measurement Configurations to the UE.
LTE914: Graceful Cell Shutdown:
The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature works in parallel with the
LTE914: Graceful Cell Shutdown: feature. The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load
Balancing feature handles cell shutdown appropriately dealing with RSR and RSU
procedures appropriately.

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LTE3: S1, X2 and RRC common signaling:

In case of X2 Setup and X2 Reset all "Load Measurement Contexts" have to be
released depending on behavior settings in database.
LTE1617: RLF Triggered Handover:
The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature interworks with the LTE1617:
RLF Triggered Handover feature in regards to the PM Counters associated with RLF
(MRO) and MLB (Mobility Load Balancing).
LTE1800: Downlink Interference Shaping
The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing works in parallel with the LTE1800:
Downlink Interference Shaping feature.
Downlink Carrier Aggregation
All Carrier Aggregation features
LTE1089: Downlink Carrier Aggregation - 20Mhz
LTE1332: Downlink Carrier Aggregation - 40Mhz
LTE1558: TDD Downlink Carrier Aggregation
LTE1562: Carrier Aggregation for Multi Carrier eNodeBs
LTE1784: Carrier Aggregation for Super-Cell up to 2 Component Carriers
LTE1830: TDD Downlink Carrier Aggregation Enhancement
work in parallel with the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature.
LTE1382 - Cell Resource Groups:
The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature does not support interworking
with the LTE1382 - Cell Resource Groups: feature. Both features are enabled
together in this release.
LTE116: Cell Bandwidth - 3 Mhz
The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing is not supported in parallel with the
LTE116: Cell Bandwidth - 3 Mhz feature.
LTE117: Cell Bandwidth - 1.4 MHz
The LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing is not supported in parallel with the
LTE117: Cell Bandwidth - 1.4 MHz feature.

Impact on interfaces
This feature has impact on the X2-interface. All messaging is done with X2: Resource
status, Initiation Procedure, Resource Status Update Message, Mobility Settings Change
Procedure.

Impact on network management tools

This feature has no impact on network management tools.

Impact on system performance and capacity

This feature impacts system performance and capacity depending on traffic scenarios
(Scenario 1: entire offered traffic can be served / Scenario 2: a part of the offered traffic
cannot be served) as follows:

Scenario1: Entire offered traffic can be served:

The high-load cells have more spare capacity to cope with statistical traffic
fluctuations. This might improve the user satisfaction, for example by means of lower
packet delays (GBR traffic) or lower waiting times (non-GBR traffic).
Scenario 2: A part of the offered traffic cannot be served:

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If the high-load cells are overloaded, the handover of cell edge users from high-load
to low-load cells allows to serve traffic which could not be served otherwise. To some
extent this should improve the cell edge TP and the cell average TP.

Management data

Alarms
There are no alarms related to this feature.

Measurements and counters

The table below lists counters introduced with this feature.

Table 22 New counters

Counter ID Counter name Measurement
M8011C81 Cell DL Composite Available LTE Cell Resource
Capacity zero (DL CAC = 0)
M8011C82 Cell DL Composite Available LTE Cell Resource
Capacity in the range 0 < DL
CAC <= 20
M8011C83 Cell DL Composite Available LTE Cell Resource
Capacity in the range 20 < DL
CAC <= 40
M8011C84 Cell DL Composite Available LTE Cell Resource
Capacity in the range 40 < DL
CAC <= 60
M8011C85 Cell DL Composite Available LTE Cell Resource
Capacity in the range 60 < DL
CAC <= 80
M8011C86 Cell DL Composite Available LTE Cell Resource
Capacity in the range 80 < DL
CAC <= 100

Key performance indicators

There are no key performance indicators related to this feature.

Parameters

Table 23 New parameters

Full name Abbreviated name Managed object Structure
Activation of intra- actIntraFreqLoadBal LNBTS
frequency load
balancing
Load balancing fast lBFastProfile LNBTS
profile
Load balancing lBMediumProfile LNBTS
medium profile
Load balancing slow lBSlowProfile LNBTS
profile

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Table 23 New parameters (Cont.)

Full name Abbreviated name Managed object Structure
Consecutive DL GBR nLoadDlGbr LNBTS IBFastProfile,
load samples for load IBMediumProfile,
imbalance IBSlowProfile
Consecutive DL non- nLoadDlNonGbr LNBTS IBFastProfile,
GBR load samples for IBMediumProfile,
load unbalance IBSlowProfile
Consecutive PDCCH nLoadPdcch LNBTS IBFastProfile,
samples for load IBMediumProfile,
imbalance IBSlowProfile
Consecutive DL GBR nNoLoadDlGbr LNBTS IBFastProfile,
load samples for load IBMediumProfile,
balanced IBSlowProfile
Consecutive DL non- nNoLoadDlNonGbr LNBTS IBFastProfile,
GBR load samples for IBMediumProfile,
load balanced IBSlowProfile
Consecutive PDCCH nNoLoadPdcch LNBTS IBFastProfile,
samples for load IBMediumProfile,
balanced IBSlowProfile
Change mobility tChangeMobilityAck LNBTS IBFastProfile,
acknowledge timer IBMediumProfile,
IBSlowProfile
Change mobility tChangeMobilityReq LNBTS IBFastProfile,
request timer IBMediumProfile,
IBSlowProfile
Very small cell verySmallCellBeta LNBTS
propagation coefficient
Small cell propagation smallCellBeta LNBTS
coefficient
Medium cell mediumCellBeta LNBTS
propagation coefficient
Large cell propagation largeCellBeta LNBTS
coefficient
Load balancing mlbSpecialCase LNBTS
special case handling
selection
Number of HO events nHO LNBTS
for averaging
Resource status tRsrInitWait LNBTS
reporting initiation wait
time
Resource status rep. tRsrResFirst LNBTS
result wait time first
reporting
Cell type cellType LNCEL
Minimum margin for deltaLbCioMargin LNCEL
load balancing CIO
adjustment

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Table 23 New parameters (Cont.)

Full name Abbreviated name Managed object Structure
Intra-frequency load intraFreqLbLoadThres LNCEL
balancing load holds
thresholds
DL GBR resource high highLoadGbrDl LNCEL intraFreqLbLoadThres
load holds
DL non-GBR resource highLoadNonGbrDl LNCEL intraFreqLbLoadThres
high load holds
PDCCH high load highLoadPdcch LNCEL intraFreqLbLoadThres
holds
Hysteresis for DL GBR hysteresisLoadDlGbr LNCEL intraFreqLbLoadThres
resource load holds
measurement
Hysteresis for DL Non- hysteresisLoadDlNon LNCEL intraFreqLbLoadThres
GBR resource load Gbr holds
measurement
Hysteresis for PDCCH hysteresisLoadPdcch LNCEL intraFreqLbLoadThres
load measurement holds
Load balancing profile loadBalancingProfile LNCEL intraFreqLbLoadThres
holds
Maximum number of maxLbPartners LNCEL intraFreqLbLoadThres
load balancing partner holds
candidates
Load filtering lbLoadFilCoeff LNBTS
coefficient
Intra- and inter-freq. loadSettings LNCEL
load bal. common load
settings
Cell capacity class cellCapClass LNCEL loadSettings
value
Mode for calculating mlbEicicOperMode LNCEL loadSettings
the CAC in load bal.
and eICIC
Nominal number of nomNumPrbNonGbr LNCEL loadSettings
PRBs for load
balancing
DL GBR resource targetLoadGbrDl LNCEL loadSettings
target load
DL non-GBR resource targetLoadNonGbrDl LNCEL loadSettings
target load
PDCCH target load targetLoadPdcch LNCEL loadSettings
Uplink CAC source ulCacSelection LNCEL loadSettings
selection
Static CAC for uplink ulStaticCac LNCEL loadSettings
Cell individual offset lowerMarginCio LNCEL
change lower margin

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Table 23 New parameters (Cont.)

Full name Abbreviated name Managed object Structure
Cell individual offset upperMarginCio LNCEL
change upper margin
Load measurement multLoadMeasRrm LNCEL
RRM timer multiplier
Load measurement X2 tLoadMeasX2 LNCEL
timer
Cell individual offsets cellIndOffNeigh LNREL
of other neighbor cells
Cell individual offset cellIndOffNeighDelta LNREL
delta for load
balancing

Sales information

Table 24 Sales information

BSW/ASW License control in network Activated by default
element
ASW SW Asset Monitoring No

3.4.2 Activating and configuring LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load

Balancing
Before you start
The following table lists the parameters needed for activation and configuration of the
LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature.

Table 25 Parameters used for activating and configuring the LTE1140: Intra-
frequency Load Balancing feature
Parameter Purpose Requires eNB restart or
object locking
Activation of intra- activation flag No restart required
frequency load
balancing (actIntraFreqLoad
Bal)
Downlink channel bandwidt mandatory configuration No restart required
( dlChBw)
Load balancing mandatory configuration No restart required
profile (loadBalancingProfi
le)
Cell capacity class mandatory configuration No restart required
value (cellCapClass)
Intra- and inter-freq. mandatory configuration No restart required
load bal. common load
settings (loadSettings)
Intra-frequency load mandatory configuration No restart required
balancing load

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Table 25 Parameters used for activating and configuring the LTE1140: Intra-
frequency Load Balancing feature (Cont.)
Parameter Purpose Requires eNB restart or
object locking
threshold
(intraFreqLbLoadThresholds
)

Activation or deactivation of the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature does

not require an eNB restart.
To activate and configure the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature, do the
following:

1 Follow the general procedure described in section Activating and deactivating

LTE features using BTS Site Manager.
In Step 3 (Modify the feature-specific eNB configuration settings) of the general
procedure, perform the steps described in this procedure.

2 Configure the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature.

a) Go to the Radio Network Configuration page.

b) Expand the MRBTS object.
c) Select the LNBTS object.
d) Create at least one LNCEL instance.
e) Set the Downlink channel bandwidth (dlChBw abbr.) parameter value to
5 MHz or higher.

3 Activate the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature.

a) Go to the Radio Network Configuration page.

b) Expand the MRBTS object.
c) Select the LNBTS object.
d) Set the Activation of intra-frequency load
balancing (actIntraFreqLoadBal) parameter value to true.

4 Send the parameters to the eNB according to the procedure described in

section Activating and deactivating LTE features using BTS Site Manager.

3.4.3 Deactivating LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing

Before you start
The Activation of intra-Frequency load
balancing (actIntraFreqLoadBal) parameter is used for deactivation. Activation or
deactivation of the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature does not require an
eNB restart.
To deactivate the LTE1140: Intra-frequency Load Balancing feature, do the following:

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