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Storage Tank
For the design, the dimension of the tank will be reference to the API standard
code for atmospheric pressure tank. These summarize in table 1.X
Specification Value
Content Acetic Acid
Temperature 30oC
Pressure 101.1 Kpa
Volume 319 m3
Diameter 7.315 m
Height 7.315 m
Orientation Vertical
L/D 1.0
Top Head Torispherical Head
Bottom Head Flat
Material SA-240 Grade 304
Shell Thickness 19 mm
Top Head Thickness 4,7 mm
Bottom Head Thickness 6,35 mm
Specification Value
Content Vinyl Acetate
Temperature 30oC
Pressure 101.1 Kpa
Volume 1635 m3
Diameter 9.14 m
Height 10.935 m
Orientation Vertical
L/D 1.19
Top Head Torispherical Head
Bottom Head Flat
Material SA-240 Grade 316
Shell Thickness 28.575 mm
Top Head Thickness 4,7 mm
Bottom Head Thickness 6,35 mm
a) A closed cell foam structure on the inside of the outer tank to prevent
thermal shock on the outer shell of the tank if any leakage occur in the
inner tank.
b) The foamglas insulate the ethylene from the environment minimize
heat penetration into the tank
c) Perlite Insulation between above two annular layers.
The tank is expected to hold the vapor space of the ethylene at 140 mbarg, but
for the design, the design pressure that is used is 100 Kpa for full vacuum
(Walas, 1988). The dimension of the tank will be adapted from the API standard
code in table 1.1X.
Since Ethylene is partially supplied from import by shipping, the tank should
hold at at least the capacity of the ship which is approximately 5000 - 10,000
ton. Thus the tank is design to hold 7000 ton ethylene or 10,619m3. Thus the
volume of the tank will follow API standard code for 2,350,320 tank.
To calculate the thickness of the shell, first we assume the shell thickness of the
tan is the same as the API code in Table 1.1X. The Thickness is 46.99 mm, then
plot it in figure 1.1X then calculate D0/t to find the value of A. We get the value
of A is 0.0002.
Next we used figure 1.2X to find the values of B. By the figure, we get the value
of B is 20. Then we could calculate the maximum allowable pressure by
equation 1.1X
4 4 20
= = = 0.142 = 142 (1.1X)
3(0 ) 3 750
The maximum allowable pressure is already greater than the design pressure
which is 100 Kpa. So the chosen thickness for the shell of 46.99 mm is
acceptable.
To calculate the plate diameter for the torisphercial head for external pressure,
We calculate it using ellipsoidal head calculation as the torispherical head
must be at least not lest than the thickness from ellipsoidal Head (ASME
BPVC Sec VIII). The Crown diameter of the head is taken as 80% the
diameter of the tank (ASME BPVC SEC VIII). Then calculate value of A by
using equation 1.2X. First, we assume the thickness of the head is 36mm.
0.125 0.125
= = = 2.4 105
0 12193
36
Due to very A falls at the left side of the equation, the following equaition is
used to calculate the maximum allowable pressure
0.0625 0.0625 193 103
= = = 0.105 = 105
(0 )2 24384 2
( )
2 36
The value of Pa is 105 Kpa which is greater than the designed pressure of 100 Kpa.
Table 1.4X. Ethylene Storage Tank
Specification Value
Content Ethylene
Design Temperature -105oC
Vapor Pressure 140 mbarg
Design Pressure 100 Kpa
Volume 2450 m3
Diameter 30.48 m
Height 12.192 m
Orientation Vertical
L/D 0.4
Top Head Torispherical Head
Bottom Head Torispherical Head
Inner Tank Material SA-240 Grade 316
Outer Tank Material Carbon Steel
Shell Thickness 46.99 mm
Top Head Thickness 36 mm
Bottom Head Thickness 36 mm
Specification Value
Content Demineralized Water
Design Temperature Ambient
Design Pressure 101 Kpa
Volume 31.2 m3
Diameter 3.08 m
Height 7.493 m
L/D 2.43
Top Head Flat Head
Bottom Head Flat Head
Tank Material Carbon Steel
Shell Thickness 6.25 mm
Top Head Thickness 6.25 mm
Bottom Head Thickness 6.25 mm