Reagent/s Visible Result Reaction Functional Organic By-product

Group Tested Product

Nitration Test 2 4 and 3 Yellow Substitution Aromatic ring Nitrobenzene None
globule/oily (nitration)
layer
Bromine Test 2 in dicholoromethane Colorless Addition Alkene Alkyl bromide None
solution
Permanganate . 4 and Brown Oxidation All functional 2
Test precipitate groups that are
oxidizable
Alkene &
Alkyne
1 and 2
alcohol
Aldehyde
DNPH Test 2,4- Yellow-orange Addition and Carbonyl of Hydrazone Water
dinitrophenylhydrazine to red-orange Elimination aldehyde and
in ethanol precipitate ketone
Dichromate 2 2 7 and 2 4 Blue green Oxidation 1, 2 alcohol Chromium
Test (Jones solution of reaction of 1, and aldehyde sulfate
Test) 2 (4 )3 2 alcohol and
aldehyde
Tollens Test (3 ) or 3 / Formation of Oxidation Aldehyde Sodium Ag. Precipitate
(Silver Mirror /3 Silver Carboxylate
Test) precipitate
Lucas Test . and Cloudy solution Substitution 3 Alcohol Alkyl halide Water
2 or formation of
2 layers
IodoformTest and Formation of Base catalyzed Methyl carbonyl Iodoform Carboxylate
yellow substitution and methyl anion
precipitate of carbinol
Iodoform
Hydroxamic 2 and 3 Formation of Substitution of Ferric
Test wine red/red esters Hydroxamic
violet solution Complex