4.

7 LIVE LOAD

Live loads are variable as they depend on usage and capacity. However, design codes can
provide equivalent loads for various structures. Loads prescribed by codes are empirical and
conservative based on experience and accepted practice.
IS 875 part 2 deals with imposed loads on building produced by the intended occupancy
or use.

Fig 4.10 Live Load

4.8 COMBINED LOAD
The both dead loads and the live loads are acting on the structure.
 Fig 4.8 Combined Load

4.9 SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT

Bending moment diagrams are analytical tools used in conjunction with tools used in
conjunction with structural analysis to help perform structural design by determining the value of
bending moment at a given point of structural element such as a beam.
 Fig 4.9 Shear Force and Bending Moment

CHAPTER 5
DESIGN OF ELEMENTS

5.1DESIGN OF SLAB

SLAB BEAM

Step 1:

dy/dx = 13/6 = 2.2 >2

Hence the is one way slab.

Step 2:

Effective depth:
D = Effective span/ BV X MF

Refers p. No :39 = 6000/ 3.5 X 1.4

D=26mm _^ 130 mm =125mm.

Step 3:

Overall depth:

D= d + cc + Q/2

=130 + 15 + 16/2

D = 150 mm

Step4:

Effective span:

(i)Clear span + Effective depth =6000 + 130 = 6125 mm

(ii)Clear span + wall TK = 6000 + 230 = 6230 mm

We select a Lenes values = 6130 mm

Calculation:-

Like Load = 4 KN/m2 Access providd

Self WT + slab = 1X 0.15X25

= 3.75 KN/m2 1 kg = 10 nl

Floor finish= 1 KN/m2

Total load = 8.75 KN/m2

Design Load = 1.5 X 8.75

= 13.125 KN/m2
Step 6:

Ultimate moment

BM= wl2 / 8

= 9.375 X 6125 / 8

= 61.6 KN/m

= 61.6 X 106 N/ mm

SF = wl / 2

= 9.375 X 6130 / 2 => 28.7 X103 N.

= 40.2 KN

Step 7:-

Reinforcement

MM = 0.87 fy Ast + d[ 1 fy Ast / fx X td]

61.6 X 106 = 0.87 X415 X As +130[ 1- 415XAst/ 20X1000X125]

61.6 X 106 = 47 X103 Ast[1- 415Ast/ 2.6 X 106]

61.6 X106 X 2.5X106 = 47 X103Ast[2.5 X106 -415 Ast]

1.144X1014 = 1.222X1011Ast 19.51 X106Ast2

= 19.51 X106Ast2 1.175X1011Ast + 1.55X1014

Ast = 1951 mm2

Step 8: [spacing for main Reinforcement]

(i)S = ast / Ast X1000

 = 3.14 X162/ 4 /1546 X 1000

= 70mm

103 _^ 100 mm

(ii) d= 3d => 3X130 = 390 mm

S = 300 mm

Which lenes values Take = 100 mm

Main Reinforcement provided @ 10mm Q bases @ 100 mm CK.

Step 10:

Distribution Base:-

Ast min = 0.12%

= 0.12/100 X 1000 X 150

= 180 mm2

Spacing for Distribution base:-

(i)S = ast /Ast X 1000

= 3.14 X 82 /4 / 180 X 1000

S = 270 mm

(ii) 5d= 5X 130 = 650mm

(iii) 450 mm

Which is Lenes value of 270 mm Distribution base @ 8 mm Q base @ 270 mm CK.

Step 11:-
Custailment:-

le => 0.1 X 6130

= 613 mm

Alternate bass cranded 613 mm from the face 7 the support.

Step 12:-

Check for shear:-

Zv = Vu / bd

= 28.7 X103 / 1000 X 125

= 0.32 N/ mm2