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Generally there are 'THREE' Factors are involved for the Fire Causes. They are"
I) Accidental.
II) Natural.
III) Incendiary.
There are 'THREE' Elements must be present, for a 'FIRE' to initiate. These are
Oxygen, Fuel and Heat. Electricity Plays major role to provide 'HEAT' most of the
Times.
Most of the Time, Fire happens in the Electrical Panels, Which we observed from
the Existing Cases. So it is better to mention that, Sources for the 'HEAT' in the
Electrical Panels.
a) SHORT CIRCUIT.
b) OVER LOAD.
What is that 'Important Factor'??... It is none other than 'UNDER SIZED BUSBAR
IN THE PANELS'...
There are methods are exist in the world, To determine Proper sizing of Busbar for
the Electrical Systems. People not have that much Patience for the Practicing
Calculation. Now Software available to determine Proper Size of Busbar for the
panels. I would like to add more inputs in this article, which I had experienced in
my past years.
THUMB Rule for Busbar :
Here the above mentioned rules are not standard. Because some case people will
add Tolerance in the Positive End. i.e They used 0.75 Amps / 1 Sq.mm of Bar &
1.4 Amps / 1 Sq.mm for Aluminium & Copper Respectively.
The Cost of the Aluminium bar in the Market based on the Quality. While
Practicing 'THUMB' Rule people should aware the Quality Standards of
Aluminium & Copper Bar. Sometimes we didn't aware the bar Quality which is
used by the fabricator in the Panel. Panel Fabricators should not take responsible in
case Panel gets fire due to the Busbar Under Sized. It will directly hit EPC
Contractor Market Value in the Industry.Also it leads to Black Mark in their
Industry. He should have to answer Client, Electrical Inspectorate & Consultant.
So People should take More Care for Busbar Sizing for both LT & HT Panels.
The Design Engineer should consider the following points while doing
'BUSBAR SIZING CALCULATION':
TEMPERATURE RISE:
The Total 'K' Factor derived from Six 'K' factors, which is listed below :
K = K1 x K2 x K3 x K4 x K5 x K6
Example :
for the Area 800 Sq.mm [80 x 10 mm], Current Carrying Capacity will be 960A..,
Then additional one Run of Busbar needed to carry the Current of 1067A.
K = K1 x K2 x K3 x K4 x K5 x K6
K = 1 x 1 x 1 x 0.8 x 1 x 1 = 0.8
Conclusion:
Cheers !!!