Pusat Tuisyen Newton

No. 3 01, Jalan Kempas 17, Taman Megah Ria

Contact: 016 702 9922

FORM 5

Chapter 8: Probability Distribution

8.1: Binomial Distribution

A trial with only two outcomes, success or failure is known as a Bernoulli trial
If a Bernoulli trial is repeated many times, the experiment is known as the binomial experiment
If an experiment follows Binomial Distribution, ~ (, )
The probability of obtaining r success in a binomial distribution is given by

( = ) =
P = probability n = number of trials
X = binomial discrete random variable p = probability of success
r = number of success q = probability of failure

Example 1: Solve the following problems

1) Shahrul has taken 3 shots in a archery practice. Probability that Shahrul strikes the target is 0.6.
X represents the number of times Shahrul strikes the target.
a) List the elements of the Binomial discrete random variable X.
b) Calculate the probability for the occurrence of each of the elements of X.
c) Hence, plot a graph to represent the binomial probability distribution of X.

1
2) In a survey, it was found that 55% of households in a district have a car. If 4 households are
chosen at random from the district, determine the binomial distribution for the number of
households that have a car. Hence, plot the binomial distribution graph.

3) The diagram below shows the graph of a 4) The diagram below shows the graph of a
binomial distribution of a discrete random binomial distribution of a discrete random
variable X. Find variable X. Find
a) value of w a) value of k
b) ( 2) b) ( 2)

P (X = x) P (X = x)

0.45 k
w

0.2 0.25

0.04 0.05
x x
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4

2
5) The diagram below shows the graph of a 6) The diagram below shows the graph of a
binomial distribution of a discrete random binomial distribution of a discrete random
variable X. Find variable X. Find
a) value of w a) value of n
b) ( 1) b) ( 2)

P (X = x) P (X = x)

0.40 n
w

0.24 0.2

0.06 0.04
x x
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4

Mean (), Variance ( ) and Standard Deviation ()

= , = , =

Example 2: Find the following values of mean, variance and standard deviation
1) A dice is tossed 600 times. 2) A piece of coin is tossed 3) In a survey carried out,
Find the mean, variance 400 times. Find the mean, 210 out of 350 people like
and standard deviation of variance, standard outdoor activities. Find
getting the number 4. deviation of getting heads. the mean, variance,
standard deviation

3
Example 3: Solve all of the followings:
1) In a factory, 30 out of 60 workers ride a bicycle to their work place. If a sample of 15 workers are
chosen randomly from the factory, find the probability that
a) exactly 5 of them ride a bicycle to work
b) 2 or more workers ride a bicycle to work

2) In a survey carried out in a driving school, 3 out of 7 candidates pass in a driving test. If 10
candidates from the driving school are chosen at random, find the probability that
a) none of the candidates pass the test
b) less than 9 candidates pass the test
c) at most 4 of them pass the test

4
3) 60% of the applications for the MARA scholarships are accepted. In a school, 7 students apply
for the scholarship. Calculate the probability that
a) exactly three applications are accepted
b) less than three application are accepted
c) at least two application are accepted

4) In a survey carried out in an office, it was found that 20% of the respondents love pizza. If a
sample of 9 respondents selected randomly, find the probability that
a) not more than 3 respondents love pizza
b) at least 5 of them do not love pizza
c) If 600 respondents are chosen, calculate the mean and the standard deviation for respondents who
love pizza

5
5) In a SPM trial examination in a school, 2 students out of 5 students failed Additional
Mathematics.
a) If 6 students are chosen at random, find the probability that not more than 2 students failed
Additional Mathematics.
b) If there are 200 Form 5 students in that school, find the mean and standard deviation of the
number of students who failed Additional Mathematics.

6) X is a binomial random variable such that ~ ( , ) with mean and standard deviation are 60
and 35 respectively. Find the value of p and n

6
7) A throw of a fair die that gives a fair number, which is a multiple of 3, is considered a success.
Find
a) the probability of obtaining 2 successes if the die is thrown 8 times
b) the minimum number of throws required so that the probability of obtaining at least one success
is more than 0.95.

2
8) Ali throws a dart at a target. The probability that he strikes the target in each throw is . If he has
5
16
thrown the dart n times, the probability that all the n throws strike the target is .
625
Find the value of n.

7
 HOMEWORK

8.1: Binomial Distribution

1) Three unbiased coins are tossed simultaneously. X represents the number of tails obtained.
a) List the elements of the binomial discrete random variable X.
b) Calculate the probability of each of the elements of X.
c) Hence, plot a graph to represent the binomial probability distribution of X.
2) The probability of the birth of a baby girl in a certain country is 3/5. Find the probability that in
a family that contains of 4 children, there
a) is exactly 2 girls
b) is at least 1 girl
3) It is known that 20% of the students failed the Form 4 final examination in a school. A sample
of 10 Form 4 students is chosen at random. Find the probability that
a) there are no students who failed
b) there are not more than 2 students who failed
c) there are at least 2 students who failed.
4) A company has 20 workers. The probability that a worker is late for work on certain day is 1/5.
On a certain day, find
a) the probability that no worker are late for the work
b) the mean and standard deviation of of the number of workers who are late for work
106
5) X is a binomial discrete random variable whose mean is 100 and standard deviation is .
3
If X ~ B (n, p), find the value of p and of n.
6) 5% of the supplies of durians received by a hawker are rotten.
a) If a sample of 12 durians is chosen at random, find the probability that at least two
durians are rotten.
b) Find the minimum number of durians that have to be chosen so that probability of
obtaining at least one rotten durian is greater than 0.85.
7) 98% of students in a particular class attended co-curriculum activities. A group of students
were chosen at random. The probability that all the students chosen attended co-curriculum
activities is 0.6099.
a) Find the value of n, given that n is the total number of students in the class
b) If 150 students are chosen, find the value of mean, variance, and standard deviation for
the number of students who attended the co-curriculum activities.

8
9