Four Stroke Engine Reversing Principle http://www.marinediesels.co.uk/members/starting_&_reversing/medium...

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Starting and Reversing
Medium Speed Engine Reversing

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Most medium speed engines are unidirectional (i.e they only rotate one way). This is because they either are driving an
alternator, or because if they are used as direct main propulsion they tend to be driving a controllable pitch propeller. In
the case where the engine is reversing, then the camshaft has two sets of cams, one for ahead operation, and one for
astern. The fuel pump, inlet and exhaust valves must all be retimed for astern running

To reverse the direction of the engine, pressure oil is led to one side of a
hydraulic piston which is coupled to the camshaft. The whole camshaft is
moved axially and the cam followers slide up or down ramps which
connect the ahead and astern cams.

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