Excelet

Tracking an Acid-Base Titration

by following moles of HA, NaA, and NaOH

HA + NaOH -----> NaA + H2O

First we examine a moles as a function of volume of titrant graph.

Then we relate this plot to a classical titration curve or

pH versus volume of titrant.

Click on the tabs to navigate !!!

nd NaOH

f titrant graph.
Tracking the Moles of Substances in a Titration of a Weak Acid
Can you interpret the graph?
Reaction: HA + NaOH -----> NaA + H2O
Start by adding
0.12 NaOH, the titrant
HA A- NaOH
0
click up arrow to titrate
0.1
moles

volume, mL
0.08
0.0

0.06

0.04 0 the graph

Help interpreting

0.02

0 Here we follow both

0 5 10 15 volume
20 of 25
NaOH, 30
mL 35 40 45 50 reactants and products
as the reaction proceeds.

Sinex 2011
volume moles moles moles
time HA A- NaOH
0 0 0.1 0 0
0.5 0 0.1 0 0
1 0 0.1 0 0
1.5 0 0.1 0 0
2 0 0.1 0 0
2.5 0 0.1 0 0
3 0 0.1 0 0
3.5 0 0.1 0 0
4 0 0.1 0 0
4.5 0 0.1 0 0
5 0 0.1 0 0
5.5 0 0.1 0 0
6 0 0.1 0 0
6.5 0 0.1 0 0
7 0 0.1 0 0
7.5 0 0.1 0 0
8 0 0.1 0 0
8.5 0 0.1 0 0
9 0 0.1 0 0
9.5 0 0.1 0 0
10 0 0.1 0 0
10.5 0 0.1 0 0
11 0 0.1 0 0
11.5 0 0.1 0 0
12 0 0.1 0 0
12.5 0 0.1 0 0
13 0 0.1 0 0
13.5 0 0.1 0 0
14 0 0.1 0 0
14.5 0 0.1 0 0
15 0 0.1 0 0
15.5 0 0.1 0 0
16 0 0.1 0 0
16.5 0 0.1 0 0
17 0 0.1 0 0
17.5 0 0.1 0 0
18 0 0.1 0 0
18.5 0 0.1 0 0
19 0 0.1 0 0
19.5 0 0.1 0 0
20 0 0.1 0 0
20.5 0 0.1 0 0
21 0 0.1 0 0
21.5 0 0.1 0 0
22 0 0.1 0 0
22.5 0 0.1 0 0
23 0 0.1 0 0
23.5 0 0.1 0 0
24 0 0.1 0 0
24.5 0 0.1 0 0
25 0 0.1 0 0
25.5 0 0.1 0 0
26 0 0.1 0 0
26.5 0 0.1 0 0
27 0 0.1 0 0
27.5 0 0.1 0 0
28 0 0.1 0 0
28.5 0 0.1 0 0
29 0 0.1 0 0
29.5 0 0.1 0 0
 30 0 0.1 0 0
30.5 0 0.1 0 0
31 0 0.1 0 0
31.5 0 0.1 0 0
32 0 0.1 0 0
32.5 0 0.1 0 0
33 0 0.1 0 0
33.5 0 0.1 0 0
34 0 0.1 0 0
34.5 0 0.1 0 0
35 0 0.1 0 0
35.5 0 0.1 0 0
36 0 0.1 0 0
36.5 0 0.1 0 0
37 0 0.1 0 0
37.5 0 0.1 0 0
38 0 0.1 0 0
38.5 0 0.1 0 0
39 0 0.1 0 0
39.5 0 0.1 0 0
40 0 0.1 0 0
40.5 0 0.1 0 0
41 0 0.1 0 0
41.5 0 0.1 0 0
42 0 0.1 0 0
42.5 0 0.1 0 0
43 0 0.1 0 0
43.5 0 0.1 0 0
44 0 0.1 0 0
44.5 0 0.1 0 0
45 0 0.1 0 0
45.5 0 0.1 0 0
46 0 0.1 0 0
46.5 0 0.1 0 0
47 0 0.1 0 0
47.5 0 0.1 0 0
48 0 0.1 0 0
48.5 0 0.1 0 0
49 0 0.1 0 0
49.5 0 0.1 0 0
50 0 0.1 0 0
ng the graph

nd products
tion proceeds.
Comparison of the Classic Titration Curve with the Moles Plot
Here we can trace
on both the moles
0.12 HA A- NaOH Column G plot and the classic
Moles 0.1 titration curve
moles

Plot 0.08 simultaneously.

0.06
Drag the scroll bar
0.04
below this plot for
0.02
a brown tracer line
0
0 5 10 15 volume of25NaOH, 30
20 mL 35 40 45 50
volume NaOH
25
50 Veq
tracer line 25 0 0
25 0.11 14

Titration pH
Curve
equivalence point
moles HA = moles OH-

0 5 10 15 volume of25NaOH,30
20 mL 35 40 45 50

Sinex 2011

pH data generated using

http://www.files.chem.vt.edu/chem-ed/simulations/titration-weak-acid.xls
volume moles moles moles
time HA A- NaOH pH A-/HA My thanks to my colleague, Paul Johnson, for the idea!
0 0.1 0 0 2.88 0.25 0.6225755
0.5 0.098 0.002 0 3.19 0.75 0.4537692
1 0.096 0.004 0 3.42 1.25 0.3266803
1.5 0.094 0.006 0 3.58 1.75 0.251434
2 0.092 0.008 0 3.71 0.0869565 2.25 0.20456
2.5 0.09 0.01 0 3.81 0.1111111 2.75 0.1732015
3 0.088 0.012 0 3.90 0.1363636 3.25 0.1509767
3.5 0.086 0.014 0 3.97 0.1627907 3.75 0.1345167
4 0.084 0.016 0 4.04 0.1904762 4.25 0.1219102
4.5 0.082 0.018 0 4.10 0.2195122 4.75 0.1120021
5 0.08 0.02 0 4.16 0.25 5.25 0.1040569 5.5 -0.012942
5.5 0.078 0.022 0 4.21 0.2820513 5.75 0.097586 6 -0.010666
6 0.076 0.024 0 4.26 0.3157895 6.25 0.0922529 6.5 -0.008868 14.00
6.5 0.074 0.026 0 4.30 0.3513514 6.75 0.0878191 7 -0.007416
12.00
7 0.072 0.028 0 4.35 0.3888889 7.25 0.0841113 7.5 -0.006221
7.5 0.07 0.03 0 4.39 0.4285714 7.75 0.081001 8 -0.005219 10.00
8 0.068 0.032 0 4.43 0.4705882 8.25 0.0783915 8.5 -0.004365 8.00
8.5 0.066 0.034 0 4.47 0.5151515 8.75 0.076209 9 -0.003624
6.00
9 0.064 0.036 0 4.51 0.5625 9.25 0.0743969 9.5 -0.002971
9.5 0.062 0.038 0 4.55 0.6129032 9.75 0.0729115 10 -0.002385 4.00
10 0.06 0.04 0 4.58 0.6666667 10.25 0.0717191 10.5 -0.00185
2.00
10.5 0.058 0.042 0 4.62 0.7241379 10.75 0.070794 11 -0.001353
11 0.056 0.044 0 4.65 0.7857143 11.25 0.0701173 11.5 -0.000884 0.00
11.5 0.054 0.046 0 4.69 0.8518519 11.75 0.0696755 12 -0.000431 0 10
12 0.052 0.048 0 4.72 0.9230769 12.25 0.06946 12.5 1.36E-05
12.5 0.05 0.05 0 4.76 1 12.75 0.0694668 13 0.0004586
13 0.048 0.052 0 4.79 1.0833333 13.25 0.0696961 13.5 0.0009125
18
13.5 0.046 0.054 0 4.83 1.173913 13.75 0.0701523 14 0.0013845 0.
14 0.044 0.056 0 4.86 1.2727273 14.25 0.0708446 14.5 0.0018845 15
0.
14.5 0.042 0.058 0 4.90 1.3809524 14.75 0.0717868 15 0.0024239
12
0.
09
0.
06
0.
3
 18
0.
15
0.
12
15 0.04 0.06 0 4.93 1.5 15.25 0.0729987 15.5 0.0030161 0.
15.5 0.038 0.062 0 4.97 1.6315789 15.75 0.0745068 16 0.0036779
09
16 0.036 0.064 0 5.01 1.7777778 16.25 0.0763458 16.5 0.0044302 0.
16.5 0.034 0.066 0 5.05 1.9411765 16.75 0.0785609 17 0.0052999 06
0.
17 0.032 0.068 0 5.08 2.125 17.25 0.0812108 17.5 0.0063231
03
17.5 0.03 0.07 0 5.13 2.3333333 17.75 0.0843723 18 0.0075483 0.
18 0.028 0.072 0 5.17 2.5714286 18.25 0.0881465 18.5 0.0090433 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
18.5 0.026 0.074 0 5.21 2.8461538 18.75 0.0926681 19 0.0109051
19 0.024 0.076 0 5.26 3.1666667 19.25 0.0981207 19.5 0.0132765
19.5 0.022 0.078 0 5.31 3.5454545 19.75 0.1047589 20 0.0163754 0.025
20 0.02 0.08 0 5.36 4 20.25 0.1129466 20.5 0.0205484
0.02
20.5 0.018 0.082 0 5.42 4.5555556 20.75 0.1232208
21 0.016 0.084 0 5.48 5.25 21.25 0.136408 0.015
21.5 0.014 0.086 0 5.55 6.1428571 21.75 0.1538486 0.01
22 0.012 0.088 0 5.62 7.3333333 22.25 0.1778694
22.5 0.01 0.09 0 5.71 9 22.75 0.2128984 0.005
23 0.008 0.092 0 5.82 11.5 23.25 0.2685453 0
23.5 0.006 0.094 0 5.95 15.666667 23.75 0.3704554 4 5 6 7 8 9
-0.005
24 0.004 0.096 0 6.14 24.25 0.619941
24.5 0.002 0.098 0 6.45 24.75 4.5615793 -0.01
25 0 0.1 0 8.73 25.25 4.5214688 -0.015
25.5 0 0.1 0.002 10.99 25.75 0.6090247
26 0 0.1 0.004 11.29 26.25 0.3459297
26.5 0 0.1 0.006 11.47 26.75 0.2272281
27 0 0.1 0.008 11.58 27.25 0.1894148
27.5 0 0.1 0.01 11.67 27.75 0.1528355
28 0 0.1 0.012 11.75 28.25 0.1184848
28.5 0 0.1 0.014 11.81 28.75 0.1065731
29 0 0.1 0.016 11.86 29.25 0.1003422
29.5 0 0.1 0.018 11.91 29.75 0.0818691
30 0 0.1 0.02 11.95 30.25 0.065301
30.5 0 0.1 0.022 11.99 30.75 0.080939
31 0 0.1 0.024 12.03 31.25 0.0540772
31.5 0 0.1 0.026 12.05 31.75 0.0593915
32 0 0.1 0.028 12.08 32.25 0.0496952
32.5 0 0.1 0.03 12.11 32.75 0.0553274
33 0 0.1 0.032 12.14 33.25 0.0434855
33.5 0 0.1 0.034 12.16 33.75 0.0384917
34 0 0.1 0.036 12.18 34.25 0.0443002
34.5 0 0.1 0.038 12.20 34.75 0.0332336
35 0 0.1 0.04 12.22 35.25 0.0331468
35.5 0 0.1 0.042 12.23 35.75 0.0334243
36 0 0.1 0.044 12.25 36.25 0.0286304
36.5 0 0.1 0.046 12.26 36.75 0.0441657
37 0 0.1 0.048 12.29 37.25 0.0261367
37.5 0 0.1 0.05 12.30 37.75 0.0243153
38 0 0.1 0.052 12.31 38.25 0.0199697
38.5 0 0.1 0.054 12.32 38.75 0.0291809
39 0 0.1 0.056 12.34 39.25 0.020698
39.5 0 0.1 0.058 12.35 39.75 0.0259011
40 0 0.1 0.06 12.36 40.25 0.0246833
40.5 0 0.1 0.062 12.37 40.75 0.0141645
41 0 0.1 0.064 12.38 41.25 0.0213087
41.5 0 0.1 0.066 12.39 41.75 0.0236429
42 0 0.1 0.068 12.40 42.25 0.0152288
42.5 0 0.1 0.07 12.41 42.75 0.0166542
43 0 0.1 0.072 12.42 43.25 0.0187533
43.5 0 0.1 0.074 12.43 43.75 0.0172021
44 0 0.1 0.076 12.44 44.25 0.0174324
44.5 0 0.1 0.078 12.44 44.75 0.0172892
45 0 0.1 0.08 12.45 45.25 0.0111834
45.5 0 0.1 0.082 12.46 45.75 0.015766
 46 0 0.1 0.084 12.47 46.25 0.0167718
46.5 0 0.1 0.086 12.47 46.75 0.0103172
47 0 0.1 0.088 12.48 47.25 0.0148251
47.5 0 0.1 0.09 12.49 47.75 0.0101023
48 0 0.1 0.092 12.49 48.25 0.0133668
48.5 0 0.1 0.094 12.50 48.75 0.0175534
49 0 0.1 0.096 12.51 49.25 0.006079
49.5 0 0.1 0.098 12.51 49.75 0.0186113
50 0 0.1 0.1 12.52 25 0.250401
14.00

12.00

10.00

8.00

6.00

4.00

2.00

0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

18
0.
15
0.
12
0.
09
0.
06
0.
3
 18
0.
15
0.
12
0.
09
0.
06
0.
03
0.
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22232425

0.025

0.02

0.015

0.01

0.005

0
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
-0.005

-0.01

-0.015
Determining the Solution Composition during a Titration
What is the solution composition at the labeled points?
Check the appropriate boxes for each.

a HA < = > A- NaOH

f
b HA < = > A- NaOH
e

c HA < = > A- NaOH

d
d HA < = > A- NaOH
c
b
a e HA < = > A- NaOH

f HA < = > A- NaOH

IF both HA and A- are present

pick a symbol to compare them

answers

Sinex 2011
beled points?
If correct, only green boxes are true!

a 0 0 0 0 0 0

b 0 0 0 0 0 0

c 0 0 0 0 0 0

d 0 0 0 0 0 0

e 0 0 0 0 0 0

f 0 0 0 0 0 1