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M-2
Structure and chemical composition of Nucleic acid (DNA)
(Deoxyribose sugar)
Bases
Adenine
Purins
Guanine
Cyto sin e
Pyrimidine
Thy min e
Pentose (Deoxyribose)
b) Pyrimidines These are formed of one ring only and includes cytosine and thymine
Note - Between 1949 and 1953 Cchargaff studied the base composition of DNA in detail. He found that
although the base composition varied from one species to another. In all cases the amount of adenine was
equal to amount of thymin (A=T). The number of cytosine and guanine was also found to be equal (C=G).
Consequently the total quantity of purines equal to total quantity of pyrimidine (A+G = C+T)
On the other hand AT/GC ratio varies considerably between species. For example in man ratio is
1.52 while in E. coli the ratio is 0.93.
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