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ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS Presented by: Shanti

Renu
Anzalee

Building science
 Index
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Introduction to light sources

History of artificial light types
Evolution of light
Basic types of lighting
What Kind of lighting used in different areas
-Process of light used
How are we Achieving the light
Conclusion
 Light

Natural Artificial

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 Light sources
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Light sources

Natural Artificial

Moonlight Fluorescent
Incandescent
Sunlight and lamps, LED
Bulbs
stromlight lamps, etc.
 What is Artificial lighting?
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Man made lighting

For human to function properly

All artificial light can be turned on

Kitchen area and off with a switch.
 Artificial light and color
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 Artificial light types
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Three major types of light:

-Incandescent Light
-Fluorescent Light
-Discharge Light/ LED Lights
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 History of artificial light types
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1. Incandescent light
Filament heated by an electric
current produces light rays
Less energy efficient
Thomas Alva Edison invented
the first electric light bulbs in
1879AD
 History of artificial light types
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1. Incandescent light
Contains nitrogen or argon gas
Tungsten filament with lead wires- burns
when electricity is passed
Also called as tungsten filament bulb
Advantage-light quality and color are
very consistent
Disadvantage- requires lot of energy and
faster degradation of filament leading to
shorter lifespan
 History of artificial light types
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2. Fluorescent Lights
low pressure mercury-vapor gas-
discharge lamp that uses fluorescence
to produce visible light.
More Energy efficient than
incandescent light
Peter Cooper Hewitt, Edmund Germer
invented mercury vapor lamp
Firstly, fluorescent tube lights were
invented by and improved in 1934AD
by George inman and Richard thayer
 History of artificial light types
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2. Fluorescent Lights
Contains argon/krpton as gas vapor
with phosper coating on the walls of
glass tube
Advantage:
Secondly, CFL(
coolercompact fluorescent
and more energy
lights) than
efficient wereincandescent
developed in the shape of
Disadvantage:
incandescent lamps
mercury is dangerous- if
bulb is broken,
Edward it can
hammer presentthe
invented a health
CFL
hazard
bulbs in 1976AD
 History of artificial light types
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3. Discharge Lamps
Discharge lamps provide high
luminous efficacy combined with
long life, resulting in the most
economical light source available
Types of gas-discharge
lamps:
A- Low pressure discharge lamps
B- High pressure discharge lamps
 History of artificial light types
14

4.LED is high intensity discharge lights

LED(light emitting diode) use semi-
conductors to convert electrical energy Advantage: colorful lights and highly
directly into light.
efficient
Colorful LED indicators were
invented at the time of CFL invention
LED began just as indicator in
calculators, traffic signs, etc.
White LED lights were invented by
Nick Holonyack in 2006
Become most efficient light sources as
it consumes less energy and lifespan
is higher than other
 Types of lighting
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1. Ambient lighting:
- Known as general lighting provides
an area with overall illumination
- It can brighten and enhance the
glow of the room
- Such as surface and recessed wall
light and uplight
 Ambient lighting
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Living room of house Cafeteria of

 Kitchen
downlightin
Types of lighting g
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2. Task lighting
- Helps to perform a task such as
reading, cooking food, involving in
any types of important task
- Should be free of distracting glares Table
and shadows lamps

- Such as CFL, Tube lights are used

 Task lighting
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Study table Office task light Kitchen area

 Types of lighting
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3. Accent lighting
- used to highlight the certain features like
walls and object in the room.
- focal point of the room which draws
attention of people entering the room.
Table
- Such as chandeliers, pendants, table lamps A table lamp
lamp
and some wall lights. casting
interesting
- also considered decorative lighting as it shadow and Chandeliers with
adds drama and style by highlighting key light patterns decorative wall lights
objects and focal points in interiors
 Accent lighting
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Ceilings Object and outdoor

lighting
 Different Kinds of lighting used in
different areas
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Lights can be varied with the need of

the light to that space.
Example places like , in school, in
houses, in office, in theatre, and more.
1. Inside school areas
In school building area, natural and
artificial lights are equally need
Learning spaces like classrooms, labs,
studios, etc. use types Fluorescent
lamps and LED lights rather than
incandescent bulbs
 Different Kinds of lighting used in
Hallways and cafeteria design
different areas by AR.Chrine Saroufim Sacy
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1. Inside school areas

In classroom
Making and hallways
the switch general
to premier bulbs
downlighting can be used
and fixtures might demand
In labs, art rooms and special areas, task
considerable upfront effort or
lighting are preferred
investment, yet it pays off in the end
Things like dimmers and occupancy
with lower
sensors makeenergy coststoand
it possible usehealthier,
only the
more
amountproductive students
of light thats and
needed

educators.
Illuminate target areas, such as
whiteboards, chalkboards, and
presentation areas.
 Different Kinds of lighting used in
different areas
23

2. Inside house
Incandescent lights were used

Nowadays, CFL and LED lights

are mostly used
General lighting are used in almost
all the place of home
Task lighting are used in the study Designed by designer
room, kitchen areas- free of glare Doris Pearlman
Accent lighting are used to
decorate the home
 Different Kinds of lighting used in
different areas
24

2. Inside house
A decorative chandelier or hanging
foyer fixture can provide
significant illumination -serving as
a beautiful focal point for living
areas.
General downlighting are avoided
and task lighting are used without
glare Designed by designer
Doris Pearlman
Types of lighting fixtures and Lighting
layouts
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Good and bad lighting locations,

causing or avoiding glare
 How are we Achieving light?
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Two types of electrical circuit: series and
parallel
In a series circuit, the current
through each of the components is
the same, and the voltage across
the circuit is the sum of the
voltages across each component.
In a parallel circuit, the voltage
across each of the components is
the same, and the total current is
the sum of the currents through
each component.
 How are we Achieving light?
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Series connection- if one
connection fail other also fails
Parallel connection- not affected by
any other connection
Industries and houses uses parallel
circuit as it has equal amount of
voltage and sum of current- make
cheap with high voltage
 How are we Achieving light?
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Single phase power
Used in most homes
Able to supply ample power for
most smaller customers, including
homes and small, non-industrial
businesses
Adequate for running motors up to
about 5 horsepower
3- phase power
Common in large businesses, as well
as industry and manufacturing
Expensive to convert from an existing
single-phase installation, but 3-phase
allows for smaller, less expensive
wiring and lower voltages, making it
safer and less expensive to run
Highly efficient for equipment
designed to run on 3-phase
 Advantage of three phase power
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Common method of electric power

transmission
Uses less conductor material to transmit
electric power than equivalent single- phase,
two phase
 Single phase line
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With the
wave form of
single-phase
power, when
the wave
passes
through zero,
the power
supplied at
that moment
is zero.
 Three phase line
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3-phase power
has 3 distinct
wave cycles
that overlap.
Each phase
reaches its peak
120 degrees
apart from the
others so the
level of power
supplied
 Conclusion
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Natural and artificial lights both are important for daily life
There are different types of artificial light and basic lighting types
Artificial Lighting properties can vary the use of light in different
areas
Achieving light varies with the need of the light
In the end artificial lights are useful in any purpose
 References
33

Todd roy,
file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/Desktop/building%20Science/lighting/How%20to%20Layer%20Lighting
%20and%20Make%20Your%20Home%20Shine%20-%20Porch%20Advice.html

file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/Desktop/building%20Science/lighting/Artificial%20Lighting%20Types%2
0and%20Design%20_%20Electrical%20Knowhow.html

August 12,2014, http://www.premierltg.com/lighting-application-series-intelligent-school-lighting/

http://www.shopyourway.com/questions/1000761
file:///C:/Users/Lenovo/Desktop/building%20Science/lighting/Light%20Fixtures%20and%20Layo
ut%20_%20Sustainability%20Workshop.html
34 THANK YOU !