Chapter 7 Homework

P.355

19. For A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, let R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 3), (3, 4)} be a relation on A . Draw the directed graph G on A
that is associated with R . Do likewise for R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 .

P.365

21. Let X = {0, 1, 2}, let A = X X . Dene the relation R on A by (a ,b )R(c , d ) if (i) a < c ; or (ii) a = c and
b d.

1. Prove that R is a partial order for A .

2. Determine all minimal and maximal elements for this partial order.

3. Is there a least element? Is there a greatest element?

4. Is this partial order a total order?