Pad gas

Gas added to the vapour space of the vessel or tank to prevent the forming of an explosive or ignitable
vapour-air...

Padding

Charging of the gas pad, usually nitrogen, above the liquid cargo to prevent the cargo coming in
contact with air.

Paint

A liquid material applied or spread over a solid surface on which it subsequently dries or hardens to
form a continuous...

Paint cracking

Deep cracks in paint that expose substrate.

Paint system

The complete number and type of coats applied in the painting job.

Pallet

A wooden or steel flat tray for stocking goods in boxes, cartons or bags, can be stacked. Its function is
to facilitate...

Pallet swinger

A crane designed for handling pallets on refrigerated cargo vessels and others where cargo is carried
in pallets.

Panama Canal

The Panama Canal is approximately 80 kilometers long and connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Panama Canal SOPEP

A special SOPEP manual requested by the Panama Canal Authorities.

 Panel

One unit of a set of hatch cover closures.

Panting

The pulsation in and out of the bow and stern plating when a ship alternately rises and plunges deep
into water.

Paper carrier, newsprint carrier

A special cargo vessel designed to transport paper cargo. Paper carriers are often equipped with side
loading system.

Parallel mid-body

The ship length for which the midship section is constant in area and shape.

Parallel Side Loader

An innovative gantry-type shipboard crane developed by Wijnne & Barends for the handling of forest
products and...

Parametric roll prevention system (IPRP)

The anti-heeling system developed by the German company Intering to prevent the build-up of
parametric rolling...

Parametric roll resonance

A ship in longitudinal seas experiences a completely different shape of the underwater volume as
compared with...

Parametric rolling

The stability moment of a ship is the product of the righting lever and the total weight. In head or
following...

Paravane
 Device used to achieve lateral separation for In-Sea Equipment towed from a seismic vessel.

Partially weatertight hatch covers

Hatch covers without sealing between comings and panels and with non-weatertight gaps between
panels.

Particulates, particle matter (PM) emissions

A complex mixture of inorganic and organic substances comprising mainly soot (elemental carbon),
nitrates, carbonates...