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The Science Village program is a part of the 2nd India International Science Festival jointly organised
by Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences and Vijnana Bharati (VIBHA),
The concept of Science Village is unique in the sense that it is for the first time in India that students
and teachers from across India, in a large number, would meet at the 2nd India International Science
Festival 2016 at the National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi. All the participants have been
nominated by the Honble Members of Parliament from their respective adopted villages under the
Pradhan Mantri Sansad Aadarsh Gram Yojana.
The Parliament of India would witness a historic occasion during 7th to 11th of December 2016 when
over 3000 students and teachers would gather and acquire knowledge about fundamental science,
engineering, technology and will be exposed to recent innovations at the Science Village - Mega
Students Camp, from all over India. This is indeed a continuation of the democratic process because
the Student Delegates and Teachers are nominated by the Members of Parliament from Lok Sabha
and Rajya Sabha. Never before in the history of India have the Members of the Parliament of India
nominated students and teachers to participate in such a Mega Science Festival. This is indeed a
historic moment for Indian Democracy.
The participants of Science Village have been distributed under 8 different houses named after 8
distinguished Scientists of India. The numbers and names of the houses are as follows:
These eight houses will be undergoing 8 different activities on a cyclical basis as per pre-defined
schedule throughout the Science Village Program. A few words of introduction for these Scientists
1. APJ Abdul Kalam (1931 2015): Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was the Eleventh President of
India and a world renowned Space Scientist. He outshiningly contributed to Indias
civilian space programme and military missile development. He was given the Bharat
Ratna Award in 1997 and is fondly referred to as The Peoples President and The
Missile Man of India. His book Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences with
Pramukh Swamiji explores the unique spiritual journey of this great personality.
3. Aryabhata: The great astronomer Aryabhata was born in 476 BC in Kerala. He was the
first to deduce that the earth is round and rotates on its own axis and also declared that
solar and lunar eclipse occur because of the shadows cast by the earth and moon
respectively. He was the first mathematician to give what was later known as the tables of
Sines and gave the value of (Pi = 3.1416). The first Indian satellite, Aryabhata, was
named after him.
4. Jagdish Chandra Bose (1858 1957): Pioneer modern experimentalist of the country,
Prof.Bose produced a compact apparatus for generation of electromagnetic waves and the
study of their quasi optical properties. He was the discoverer of wireless transmission and
shares the honour with Marconi. The originality and simplicity of his various apparatus
are its remarkable features. In his Plant Physiological Investigation, Bose started with the
assumption that in plants, as in animals, the underlying protoplasmic matter has the same
fundamental properties of irritability, contractility, conductivity and rhythmicity.
5. Homi Jehangir Bhabha (1909 1966): Prof. Bhabha made significant contributions in
theoretical high energy physics such as vector meson theory, Bhabha scattering and
propounded theory of cosmic ray showers by cascade production of gamma rays and
positive and negative electron pairs. He was the man behind the growth of atomic energy
establishments and is also known as the father of atomic energy in India.
8. Sir. Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888 1970): Sir Ramans discovery made it
possible to map out the levels of possible energy gains of the molecules and atoms to the
substance and infer the details of molecular and atomic structure. He made excellent
contribution in molecular diffraction of light, mechanical theory of bowed strings and
diffraction of X-rays, theory of musical instruments and physics of crystals. In 1930, he
won the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the Raman Effect.
Interesting and thought provoking experiments on Physics will be conducted wherein students
will learn basic concepts of Physics. This activity also relies on learning by doing and group
activity.
Effect of Visual
It is a fact that learning from viewing an object is more stable in mind than just learning using some
theorem or mathematical formulae.
Scale Physics:
Reaction Time: We know that after sensing any event from our sense organs our mind takes some time to
act upon that, this time is called the reaction time. We will learn how to calculate our reaction time with
this simple demonstration. The distance travelled by a freely falling object can be used as a sensitive
measure of short time intervals.
Force:
How much is 1N? Newton is the SI unit of force. Though we use this unit from class 8 onwards and
spends years after year with this, a feel of how strong a Newton is, is not developed. This experiment is
designed to develop a feeling of 1 N force.
Archimedes principle:
The upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or
partially submerged, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces and it acts in the
upward direction at the centre of mass of the displaced fluid. In this demonstration we will learn
the relation in loss in weight and displaced liquid.
Weightlessness:
Weightlessness by slinky: An effect of acceleration due to gravity (g) is the extension in a slinky. As you
must have experienced, a slinky is like a spring but the turns are very flexible and even without a load, it
can extend to several times of its natural length under its own weight. If you hold few turns of a slinky in
your hand and let the rest of it hang from there, the hanging part also extends through large distances.
This extension again is because of g. If the effect of g can be reduced to zero, the slinky in a vertical
position will not extend.
Centre of gravity:
Win hundred rupee note: For rotational equilibrium, the net torque acting on the body should be zero. For
bodies kept on a plane surface, this condition is achieved when the vertical line through the centre of mass
passes through the area of contact.
Friction:
Key cup experiment: This is an eye catching demonstration which gives an insight into many concepts of
physics like friction, connected motion, vertical circle.
Air Pressure:
Burning needs oxygen: Air contains oxygen and burning needs oxygen. This statement can be supported
by this demo experiment. Burn the candle and cover with glass tumbler, as soon as oxygen in glass
tumbler finished the candle goes off.
Hole at bottom of bottle with cap (when water fall): If a hole is made in a water bottle with its cap open,
water goes out through the hole. The speed at which water goes out depends on the height of the open
water surface above the hole. This is a well-known principle. In this experiment, a situation is created
which needs a careful analysis before applying this principle.
Bernoullis Principle:
Blow air in a polythene bag: This is a very interesting demonstration which is thoroughly enjoyed by the
audience. It is based on the Bernoullis principle. A consequence of this principle is that if the velocity of
a fluid in a region is high (or low), the pressure in that region correspondingly becomes low (or high)
Sound and Waves:
Resonance in pendulum by hand: Some times in a movie we see that when an opera singer sings, the glass
in her hand shatters. Also at times when we close the door, the window panes in the room start rattling.
The phenomenon governing the above events is resonance. When the frequency of the opera singer (or
closing door) matches with the frequency of the glass (or window), resonance occurs. In this
demonstration we show this phenomenon of resonance.
Vision:
Drop coin in beaker with eye closed: This demonstration is to show that the depth can only be seen if
second eye is open.
Light:
Total Internal Reflection (TIR) with water (Dettol Bottle-laser): When light goes from a denser medium
to a rarer medium, and the angle of incidence is larger than a critical value, called critical angle, whole of
the light will get reflected at the surface. If the angle of incidence is smaller than the critical angle, part of
the light is reflected and part of it is refracted. In this inexpensive demo we show the light paths as the
medium changes and hence all phenomena on refraction can be visually seen. It is very simple and widely
appreciated.
Single slit diffraction: When a monochromatic light passes through a narrow slit, a diffraction pattern is
formed on the screen placed on the other side of the slit. In this demonstration we will
Make a single slit of width few hundred microns by mounting two half pieces of shaving blades side by
side. Fix this single slit in a vertical position. Put on laser torch and adjust so that light passes through the
empty space. The direction of the laser should be perpendicular to the slit. Observe the light falling on the
wall.
Electrostatics:
Dancing straws Coulomb force: As we know, by rubbing or induction electric charge can be produced.
By combing your hair you must have tried to attract small pieces of paper. You must also know that
charges are of two types - positive charge and negative charge. Like charges repel while unlike charges
attract each other. We shall see this with the help of an interesting experiment.
1) Jumping Balls
In this experiment we are preparing a crazy ball from simple chemicals.
Requirements:
1. Saturated solution of Borax powder
2. Poly vinyl alcohol solution or artificial gum
Method:
Take borax solution in plastic tea cup. Add artificial gum to it and stir it well for 5 min or till jelly
like material is produced. Take out jelly like material from the glass and slowly roll on your palm
for few min.
Precaution:
Wash your hands after the ball is produced
2) Indicator Magic
Chemistry plays an important role in producing colours. Various indicators are used in chemical
analysis to indicate medium whether acidic or basic.
Indicators selected for the experiment are colourless in acidic medium and have different colours
in basic medium
Requirement:
NaOH solution or flex around, HCl solution concentrated which can be diluted as per requirement
and indicators Phenolphthalein, M Nitrophenol and Thymophthaleine ( LOBA chemicals)
Method: Prepare a very dilute solution of NaOH in water and divide it into three transparent
plastic water glasses add pinch of each indicator to the separate glasses and stir. Here
different colours will appear. Then add dilute HCl given in beaker drop by drop to
decolorize solutions.
Add concentrated solution of NaOH to each. The colours will reappear.
5) Oscillation reaction
In chemistry there are several reactions which can be reversed easily by changing experimental
conditions slightly.
Requirements: Glucose, NaOH pellets, Methylene blue indicator and empty plastic bottle.
Method: Take approximately 100 ml water in plastic bottle. Add about 5 pellets of NaOH and
dissolve them. Add one spoon of glucose to it and stir. When glucose dissolves completely add
one drop of Methylene blue indicator.
7) Balloon inflating
Requirements: Small balloons, plastic bottle with stopper, Vinegar solution,
Method: Take small quantity of vinegar in plastic bottle and add bicarbonate to it. Immediately
put open end of a balloon to mouth of bottle and wait.
Science & Technology labs, institutions, research organisations will be showcasing their equip
ment, models and gadgets at the Mega Science Expo. ISRO, Defence forces, Research instituti
ons of DRDO and CSIR will participate in the expo.
INSPIRE stands for Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research. It is an innovative
program sponsored and managed by Department of Science and Technology for identification
and attraction of talent to science. Its basic objective is to communicate to the youth of the
country the excitements of creative pursuit of science, to attract talent to the study of science at
an early age and thus build the required critical human resource pool for strengthening and
expanding the Science and Technology systems through research and development base.
Students will get an opportunity to interact and see the science projects developed by school
students who have won state awards. Student winners from all the 29 States and 7 Union
Territories will participate and exhibit their projects in the INSPIRE Pavilion of IISF-2016.
Science behind miracle will be an experimental session where the concepts of certain
scientific experiments that is visually presumed as miracle is explained conceptually to the
students.
In this activity the Student Delegate and the Teachers would get an opportunity to have a
glimpse of New Delhi, the Capital of India. This would be a lifetime experience for those who
are visiting New Delhi for the first time
Students and teachers will get an opportunity to visit the NPL laboratory and see the working
models of cutting edge research in the field of science and technology.
Films on science popularisation, science and technology will be shown to the students. Film ba
sed communication is a very dynamic tool for popularising science. Science behind miracle wi
ll be an experimental session where the concepts of certain scientific experiments that is visual
ly presumed as miracle is explained conceptually to the students.
6. . ADVISORIES
a. WEATHER AND CLOTHING:
All Teachers and Student Delegates are required to carry winter creams, lip guards,
sufficient woolen clothes like thermal wears and sweaters, muffler and monkey cap. The
minimum temperature in New Delhi during the program is expected to be around 7
degree Celsius. You are also requested to carry sufficient clothings, blankets, first aid
materials and medicines for use during train journey and the Science Festival.
c. VALUABLES:
Student Delegates are advised not to carry any valuables like jewelries, laptops etc. All
students need to safe keep their mobile phones and cash. Teachers are required to ensure
that each student should carry a lock to secure his/her belongings.
One should also try to learn a few terms and sentences in as many languages as
possible during the Science Festival. You can always use Hindi and English to talk with
each other.
At the same time, it is very important for every student delegate and teacher to
understand this diversity and respect others culture. At no point of time during
interaction should a student delegate tease or hurt the feelings of another student delegate.
This should be ensured by the teachers accompanying the group. Teachers are requested
to seek the help of volunteers who are available in the places of accommodation and the
venue whenever necessary in this regard.