1. Which of the following is the internal energy of a system?

A. The total thermal energy gained by the system during melting and boiling.

B. The sum of the potential and the kinetic energies of the particles of the system.

C. The total external work done on the system during melting and boiling.

D. The change in the potential energy of the system that occurs during melting and boiling.
(1)

2. A hot liquid X has specific heat capacity SH. It is mixed with an equal mass of a cold liquid Y of
specific heat capacity SC.

The best estimate of the ratio

temperature fall of liquid X

temperature rise of liquid Y

is

SC
A. SH

SH
B. SC

SC
2
C. SH

SH
2
D. SC
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3. A copper block and a steel block each have the same mass. The copper block is at a higher
temperature than the steel block.

The blocks are placed in thermal contact and they then reach thermal equlibrium. There is no
energy exchange with the surroundings.

How do the magnitude of the change in temperature T and the magnitude of the change in
internal energy U of the two blocks compare?

T U
A. same same
B. same different
C. different same
D. different different
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4. The specific latent heat of vaporization of a substance is greater than its specific latent heat of
fusion because

A. boiling takes place at a higher temperature than melting.

B. thermal energy is required to raise the temperature from the melting point to the boiling
point.

C. the volume of the substance decreases on freezing but increases when boiling.

D. the increase in potential energy of the molecules is greater on boiling than on melting.
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5. A substance changes from solid to liquid at its normal melting temperature. What change, if any,
occurs in the average kinetic energy and the average potential energy of its molecules?

Average kinetic energy Average potential energy

A. constant constant
B. increases constant
C. increases decreases
D. constant increases
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6. The diagram below shows energy transfers in a heat pump operating between two reservoirs at
temperatures TH and TC (TH > TC).

T H

Q H

heat
pum p W

Q C

T C

Which of the following gives the correct relationship between W, QC and QH?

A. W > QH QC

B. W < QH QC

C. W = QH QC

D. W = QH + QC
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7. The entropy of a system is a measure of the systems

A. disorder.

B. mean energy.

C. temperature.

D. total energy.
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8. Which one of the following is a correct statement of the second law of thermodynamics?

A. When the state of a system changes its entropy increases.

B. When the state of a system changes its entropy decreases.

C. The total entropy of the universe is increasing with time.

D. The total entropy of the universe is decreasing with time.

(1)

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9. A beaker contains water at a higher temperature than its surroundings. Which of the following
correctly describes the entropy change in the water and in the surroundings as the water cools?

entropy of the water entropy of the surroundings

A. decreases decreases

B. decreases increases

C. increases decreases

D. increases increases
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10. An operating refrigerator with its door open is placed in a thermally insulated room.

The refrigerator operates for a long period of time. Which of the following correctly gives the
change in temperature and the entropy of the air in the room?

Temperature Entropy

A. Increases Increases

B. Increases Decreases

C. Decreases Decreases

D. Decreases Increases
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11. When a gas in a thermally insulated cylinder is suddenly compressed, the change of state is

A. adiabatic.

B. isothermal.

C. isobaric.

D. isochoric.
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12. A sample of an ideal gas is held in an insulated container and it undergoes an adiabatic change.
The graph below shows the change in pressure p with change in volume V as the gas changes
from X to Y.

p Y

9
Which of the following describes correctly the work done and the change in the internal energy
of the gas?

Work done Internal energy

A. on the gas increases
B. on the gas decreases
C. by the gas decreases
D. by the gas increases
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13. The diagram shows the pressure/volume (p/V) diagram for one cycle PQRS of an engine.

p
Q R

11
In which sections of the cycle is work done on the engine?

A. SP only

B. PQ only

C. SP and PQ only

D. RS and SP only
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14. The graph below shows the variation with volume V of the pressure p of a gas during one cycle
of an engine.
p

Q
S

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During which operations, PQ, QR, RS and SP does the gas do external work?

A. PQ only

B. RS only

C. QR and RS only

D. PQ and RS only
(1)

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