P.B.

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK
CY8151 / ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
 UNIT I WATER TECHNOLOGY

PART A

1. What are boiler compounds? Give an example with their action. (May 2001)
The chemicals added inside the boilers to remove scale forming substances are
called boilers compounds. Examples : Sodium carbonate and sodium phosphate.
CaSO 4 + Na2 CO3 -------- CaCO 3 + Na2 SO4
3CaSO 4 +2Na3 PO 4 ------- Ca3 (PO 4)2 + 3Na2 SO4

2. What are the requirements of the boiler feed water?

S.No. Specifications Disadvantages

1 Boiler feed water should have
zero hardness.
2 It must be free from dissolved
gases like O 2 , CO 2 .
3 It Should be from
suspended impurities.
4 It should free from dissolved
salts and alkalinity.
Scale and Sludges will be produced, which
prevents efficient heat transfer.
It Leads to boiler corrosion.
Produces wet steam.
Produces caustic embrittlement,
which causes brittlement of parts.

3. What is meant by Reverse Osmosis? (A.U. June 2007)

If pressure in excess of osmotic pressure is applied on the higher concentration side, the
solvent flows from higher concentration to lower concentration. The process is called reverse
osmosis. Example, salt water is taken as higher concentration and water is taken as solvent. If
the pressure is applied on the salt water, the water flows from salt to water side.

4. What is break-point of chlorination? (A.U. June 2006, 2007)

The process of adding chlorine to kill bacteria and to oxidize the organic impurities present
in water and the point at which the residual chlorine increases is called break point
chlorination.

5. What is meant by carry over? How it is caused?

Steam sometimes may be associated with small droplets of water. Such steam containing
liquid water is called wet steam. These droplets carry with some dissolved salts and sludge
material present in water. This phenomenon is called carry over. It occurs mainly due to
priming and foaming.
6. What is priming and foaming? How they can be prevented? (Oct 98)
Priming is the process of production of wet steam. Priming can be prevented by controlling
the velocity of steam and keeping water level. Foaming is the formation of stable bubbles
above the surface of water. Foaming can be prevented by adding coagulants like sodium
aluminate and antifoaming agents like synthetic polyamides.

7. What is calgon conditioning? (A.U. June 2005,Jan 2010 )

Calgon is sodium hexa meta phosphate Na2 [Na4 (po3 )6 ].This substance interacts with calcium
ions forming a highly soluble complex and thus prevents the precipation of scale forming salt
2CaSO 4 +Na2 [Na4 (PO 3 )6 .Na2 [Na4 [Ca2 (PO 3 )6 ]+2Na2 SO 4 .

8. What is EDTA? Write its structure.

Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid.

9. Write the principle of EDTA method.

The amount of hardness causing ions can be estimated by titrating the water sample against
EDTA using EBT at a pH of 8 to 10. In order to maintain pH, buffer solution is added. When
the EBT is added to the water sample it forms wine red colour weak complex with Ca2+,
Mg2 + ions.
(Ca2+,Mg2+) + EBT -------- (Ca,Mg - EBT)
When this solution is titrated against EDTA, it replaces the indicater from the weak
complex form stable EDTA complex. The end point is the change of colour from wine red
to steel blue.
(Ca,Mg - EBT) + EDTA ------- (Ca,Mg - EDTA) + EBT

10. What is meant by caustic embrittlement? How we can prevent it?

(A.U.June 2007)
Caustic embrittlement means intercrystalline cracking of boiler metal.
It can be prevented by (i) using sodium phosphate as softening agent instead of sodium
carbonate, (ii)By adding tannin, lignin to the boiler water, which blocks the hair cracks.

11. What is meant by carbonate and non carbonate hardness?

Carbonate hardness : This is due to the presence of bicarbonate of calcium and magnesium.
Non carbonate hardness : This is due to the presence of chlorides of sulphates of
calcium and magnesium.

12. What is desalination? Name any four methods of converting sea water into fresh water.
The process of removing common salt from the sea water is known as desalination. The
water containing dissolved salts with a peculiar salty or brackish taste is called brackish
water. The various desalination process are (a) distillation, (b)freezing, (c) reverse osmosis
and(d)electrodialysis
13. What is meant by boiler corrosion? How do you prevent it?
Boiler corrosion is due to the presence of dissolved gases such as O2, CO2 and the salts
like MgCl2. Mechanical deaeration is a method used to remove dissolved gases such as O2
and CO2. The principles involved in this process are the solubility of a gas is directly
proportional to pressure and inversely proportional to temperature.

14. What is alkalinity of water?

Alkalinity of water is a measure of its acid-neutralising ability. The natural alkalinity
in waters imparted by the hydroxides, carbonates and bicarbonates.

15. Soft water is not demineralised water whereas demineralised water is soft water justify.
Softening involes removal of only hardness causing ions whereas demineralization involves
removal of all the ions present in water. Hence, the above statement is justified.

16. What is disinfection?

The process by which harmful bacteria are destroyed to make the water safe for drinking
is called disinfection.

17. What is blow down operation? (A.U. June 2009)

It is a process of removing a portion of concentrated water by fresh water frequently from the
boiler during steam production.

18. Name some of the membranes employed in reverse osmosis process. State the advantages
of this process.
Membranes : Cellulose acetate, Cellulose butyrate.
Advantages: 1. It removes ionic, non ionic and colloidal impurides. 2. The water obtained can
be used for high pressure boiler

PART-B
1. Discuss the principle & method involved in the determination of different types and
amount of alkalinity of water.
2. What are boiler feed water? Explain their troubles.
3. Write a short note on Treatment of water for domestic supply.
4. Explain about the estimation of hardness by EDTA method.
5. Write a short note on Demineralisation process.
6. Write a short note on Internal conditioning.
 Unit II Surface Chemistry
1. Define adsorption.
The process of concentration of molecules of a gas or liquids at a solid surface is called
adsorption. The adsorption of a gas on a solid is sometimes called occlusion.
2. What is Sorption?
Sorption is the process in which both adsorption and absorption takes place
simultaneously.
3. What is chemisorption? Give an example.
Chemisorption is the one in which the adsorbed molecules are held on the surfaces of the
adsorbent by chemical bonds. Example: Adsorption of H2 on Ni.
4. What is Physisorption? Give an example.
Physisorption is the one in which the adsorbed molecules are held on the surfaces of the
adsorbent by weak physical or vanderwaal forces of attraction. Example: Adsorption of
H2 or O 2 on charcoal.
5. What is Freundlichs adsorption isotherm?
The relationship between the magnitude of adsorption (x/m) and pressure (p) can be
expressed mathematically by an equation known as Freundlichs adsorption isotherm.
x/m = KP 1/n
6. What is Langmuir adsorption isotherm? How it is mathematically represented?
The relationship between the amount of gas adsorbed to the pressure of the gas at
constant temperature is known as Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

7. What is the demerits of Langmuirs adsorption isotherm?

Langmuirs adsorption isotherm holds good at lower pressure but fails at high pressure.
8. What are Promoters?
Promoters are defined as the substance which increase the activity of a catalyst.

9. What is catalytic poisoning?

A substance which destroys the activities of the catalyst to accelerate a reaction is called
catalytic poisoning.
10. What is the effect of temperature and pressure on the adsorption of H2 gas on charcoal?
Adsorption of H2 on charcoal is rapid at lower temperature and decreases with increase in
temperature, but the rate of adsorption increases with the increase of pressure.
11. How is Arsenic poisoning removed from the body?
Colloidal Ferric hydroxide is administered which adsorbs arsenic poison and is removed
from the body by vomiting.
12. How is evaporation of water in lake minimized?
Due to scarcity of water during summer a layer of stearic acid is spread over water lakes
and reservoirs. The adsorbed stearic acid on the surface of water minimizes evaporation
of water.
13. Mention any four application of adsorption.
1. The adsorbents are used in gas masks.
2. For the removal of moisture in the atmosphere, silica and alumina gels are used.
3. Arsenic poisoning is removed from the body by vomiting.
4. In water softening ion-exchange resin and zeolite are used.
5. Chromatographic analysis are carried out by adsorption.
14. List the factors that affect adsorption?
1. Nature of gases.
2. Nature and surface area of adsorbents.
3. Enthalphy of adsorption.
4. Reversible character of adsorbed gases.
5. Pressure of gases.
6. Temperature of gases.
7. Activation of adsorbent.
15. What are surface reaction?
Surface reactions are the reaction in which at least one step of the reaction mechanism is
adsorption of one or more reactants on the substrate.

PART-B
1. Derive Freundlichs adsorption isotherm. Give the conditions in which it fails.
2. Explain the role of adsorption in catalysis? Give examples.
3. Distinguish between Physisorption and Chemisorption.
4. Discuss the role of adsorbents in pollution abatement.
5. Derive Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
6. Discuss the role of activated carbon in abatement of air pollution and waste water
treatment.
7. Derive the kinetic equation of Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism.
8. Explain the contact theory of catalysis.
 Unit III Alloys and Phase rule
Part A
1. Define an Alloy (or) What are alloys?
An alloy is defined as homogeneous solid solution of two or more different elements,
one of which at least is essentially a metal.

2. Mention any two advantages (or significance of alloy making).

1. To increase the hardness of the metal.
2. To resist the corrosion of the metal.

3. Heat treatment is defined as, the process of heating and cooling of solid steel article
under carefully controlled conditions.
4. Name some important heat treatment process.
The main heat-treatment processes are
1. Annealing
2. Hardening
3. Tempering
4. Normalizing
5. Carburizing
6. Nitriding
5. What is meant by quenching in heat treatment of metals?
It is the process of heating the steel beyond the critical temperature and then suddenly
cooling it either in oil or brine-water or some other fluid.
6. What is Tempering?
It is the process of heating the already hardened steel to a temperature lower than its own
hardening temperature and then cooling it slowly.
7. What is annealing? Explain its types.
Annealing means softening. This is done by heating the metal to high temperature,
followed by slow cooling in a furnace.
Annealing can be done in two ways
(i) Low temperature annealing (or) process annealing
(ii) High temperature annealing (or) full annealing

8. What are stainless steels?

These are alloy steels containing chromium together with other elements such as nickel,
molybdenum etc.,. Chromium is effective if its content is 16% or more. The carbon
content in stainless steel ranges from 0.3 to 1.5%.
9. What is meant by 18/8 stainless steel?
If the steel contains 18% Cr and 8% Ni, it is referred to as 18/8 stainless steel. It is the
most widely used stainless steel.
10. State phase rule and explain the terms involved.
If the equilibrium between any number of phases is not influenced by gravity, or
electrical, or magnetic forces but are influenced only by pressure, temperature and
concentration, then the number of degree of freedom (F) of the system is related to
number of components (C) and number of phases (P) by the following phase rule
equation.
F=CP+2
11. What is degree of freedom (F)? (or) Comment on the degree of freedom.
Degree of freedom is defined as, the minimum number of independent variable factors
such as temperature, pressure and concentration, which must be fixed in order to define
the system completely.
12. What is Phase diagram? What is the use of studying such diagrams?
Phase diagram is a graph obtained by plotting one degree of freedom against another.
It is possible to predict from the phase diagrams whether an eutectic alloy or a solid
solution is formed on cooling a homogeneous liquid containing mixtures of two metals.
13. What is triple point?
It is the point at which three phases namely solid, liquid and vapour are simultaneously
at equilibrium.
14. What is eutectic point?
(or)
Define eutectic point.
It is the point at which two solid and one liquid phase are in equilibrium.
15. What is thermal analysis?
Thermal analysis is a method involving a study of the cooling curves of various
compositions of a system during solidification. The shapes of the freezing point curves
for any system (involving metals) can be determined by thermal analysis. The form of
the cooling curve indicates the composition of the solid.
16. How is cooling curve drawn.
A pure substance in the fused state is allowed to cool slowly and the temperature is
noted at different time interval. Then graph is plotted between temperature and time.
Part B
1. What are the main purpose of alloy and steel?
2. Write note on Heat treatment of steel.
3. Give the composition and uses of the following alloy.
(i) Nichrome
(ii) Stainless steel
4. Explain the significance of alloying.
5. State phase rule and explain the terms involved in it.
6. Draw a neat one component water system and explain in detail.
7. Draw a neat phase diagram and explain the lead-silver system? Briefly write about
pattinsons process.
 UNIT IV FUELS AND COMBUSTION

PART A

1. Define fuel.
Substance which gives out heat on combustion is called fuel. The main constituent of
fuel is carbon.
2. How do we classify fuel?
Fuels can be classified into two main categories: Primary and Secondary.
Primary Fuels:Fuels obtained from natural source (eg: coal)
Secondary Fuels: Fuels derived from primary fuels. (eg: coke)
3. What is coalifications or Metamorphism of coal.
The process of conversion or alteration of vegetable matter
to anthracite Is called coalification or Metamorphism of
coal.
4. What are the different varieties of coal? (Or) Write briefly on ranking of coal.
Wood Peat - Lignite - Bituminous coal - Anthracite.
5. Name the various determinations of Proximate analysis.
It involves the determination of percentage of (i)Moisture content, (ii)Volatile matter,
(iii)Ash content and fixed carbon in coal.
6. What is meant by the term Fixed Carbon?
It is the pure non-volatile, carbon content present in the coal. Higher the percentage of
fixed carbon greater is its calorific value.
7. What is Carbonisation of coal or What is Metallurgical coke?
If coal sample is heated at high temperature in the absence of air, large quantity of
volatile matter is removed, thus creating pores in the coal. This process is known as
Carbonisation.
8. Differentiate between coal and coke. or How is coke superior to coal.
Coal Coke
It is a primary fuel It is a secondary fuel
It burns with heavy smoke It burns easily with little smoke
It has high volatile content It has negligible volatile content
It has no porosity It has high porosity due to preheating
9. What is the drawback of presence of sulphur in the coal.
1. The combustion products of sulphur, i.e., SO 2 and SO 3 are harmful and have corrosion
effects on equipments. 2. The coal containing sulphur is not suitable for the
preparation of metallurgical coke as it affects the properties of the metal.
10. Define calorific value.
Calorific value is defined as the amount of heat liberated after burning unit mass of fuel
completely. It is usually expressed in calories.

11. What is meant by Refining of petroleum?

The process of removing impurities and separating the crude oil into various fractions having
different boiling points is called refining of petroleum.

12. What is straight - run gasoline?

The gasoline obtained by this fractional distillation is called Straight run gasoline.

13. What is Cottrells process in crude oil refining?

The crude oil from oil well is an extremely stable emulsion of oil and salt water. The crude
oil is allowed to flow between two highly charged electrodes where colloidal water droplets
combine to form large drops, which is then separated out from the oil.

14. Give the basic composition of crude oil.

Crude oil contains 80-87% Carbon, 11-15% hydrogen, around 3% sulphur and
oxygen and nitrogen in traces.

15. Write a note on fractional distillation.

Crude oil contains several fractions of different boiling point range. When crude oil is
heated, passed into the fractionating tower and then distilled, we get different
products like petrol, kerosene, diesel, heavy oil, etc.

16. Describe heavy oil.

The fraction of petroleum containing C 17 to C30 hydrocarbons and boiling point range
of 320 to 400o C is called heavy oil. It may be further fractionated into four
constituents, namely lubricating oil, petroleum jelly, grease and paraffin wax.

17. What is naphtha?

It is obtained by cracking of petroleum and mainly used as thinners for paints and
varnishes.

18. Why a solid fuel must have low ash content?

Ash is inorganic in nature. High ash content decreases the calorific value of a fuel.
 19. Define synthetic petrol.
Synthetic petrol is obtained by polymerization of coke oven gases in the presence of a
catalyst at around 2000 C.

20. Explain the term knocking of a petrol engine. (A.U. Dec.2005,Jun.2006)

Knocking is a kind of explosion due to rapid pressure rise occurring in petrol engine.
This can be reduced by adding TEL(Tetra ethyl lead).

21. How will you improve the anti-knocking characteristics of diesel? (A.U.Dec.2006)
Anti-knocking characteristics of diesel can be improved by increasing n- cetane value
of the fuel.
Cetane value can be increased by adding dopes like ethyl nitrate, iso-amyl nitrate.

22. Define octane number of petrol? How can it be improved?

(A.U.Dec.2006)
Octane number is defined as the percentage of iso-octane and n-
heptane. Octane number can be improved by adding anti-knock
agents like Tetra Ethyl Lead.

23. What is leaded petrol?. Give its significance in automobiles.

When the petrol is mixed with Tetra Ethyl Lead (TEL), it is called leaded petrol.
Significance: Knocking in petrol engine is minimized.

24. What is meant by hydrogenation of coal?

If coal is heated with hydrogen to high temperature under high pressure, it is converted to
gasoline. The preparation of liquid fuels from solid coal is called Hydrogenation of coal.

25. Why is coke used in metallurgical process than coal? (A.U. Dec.2007)
(i)Percentage of fixed carbon in coke is more, (ii)The moisture, ash, sulphur contents are
very low and (iii)The mechanical strength, calorific value is high.

26. Why should leaded petrol not to be used.

1. Lead deposits on the spark plug and on cylinder walls, which is harmful to engine life.
2. This creates atmospheric pollution.

27. Define Cetane number or Cetane rating of a diesel oil. How can it be improved?
Cetane number is defined as the percentage of cetane present in a mixture of cetane
and @-methyl naphthalene.
The cetane number of a diesel oil can be improved by adding dopes like ethyl nitrate.
28. What is producer gas and water gas? (A.U. Jun.2006)
Producer gas is a mixture of CO and N 2 with small amount of H2 .
Water gas is a mixture of CO and H2 with small amount of N 2.

29. Water gas is superior to producer gas. How?

(i)Its calorific value is higher (2800 k cal\m3 ), (ii)It possess less amount of N 2 content and
(iii)It is used for the production of H2 power alcohol and carburetted water gas.

30. What is CNG? Mention is primary component.

CNG is compressed natural gas used in motor engines nowadays instead of
gasoline. The primary component present in CNG is methane. It is mainly
derived from natural gas.

31. Define GCV and LCV of fuel. (A.U. Dec.2005, Jun.2006,2007)

Gross or higher calorific value is defined as the total amount of heat produced, when
unit mass of the fuel is completely burnt and the products of combustion are cooled to
room temperature.
The net calorific value is defined as the net heat produced, when a unit mass of the fuel
is completely burnt and the product of the combustion are allowed to escape.

32. What is power alcohol?

Blends containing upto 25%alcohol with petrol are for the generation of power is called
power alcohol.calorific value of ethyl alcohol is 7000kcal/kg.
33. How is bio-dieselmade?
It can be made from soy-bean oil, canola oil, beef tallow and pork lard.

PART-B

1. Explain the manufacture of metallurgical coke by Otto-Hoffman method and the recovery
of various by products.
2. How synthetic petrol is obtained by Bergius and Fischer-Tropsch method.
3. With a neat diagram, describe the manufacture of water gas.
4. What is producer gas? How is it manufactured?
5. Describe the proximate and ultimate analysis of coal and their significance.
6. What is cracking? How is it useful of the preparation of synthetic petrol?
7. What are the good characteristics of good metallurgical coke?
8. What is crude oil? What are the various fractions obtained by fractional distillation of
crude oil? Mention the compositions & uses.
9. How is biodiesel manufactured?
10. How is power alcohol manufactured?
 UNIT V ENERGY SOURCES AND STORAGE DEVICES

PART A

1. Define nuclear fission. (A.U May 2009)

The process of splitting of heavier nucleus into two or more nuclei with simultaneous
liberation of large amount of energy.

2. Define nuclear fussion.

The process of combination of lighter nuclei in to heavier nuclei, with simultaneous
liberation of large amount of energy.

3. What is nuclear chain reaction? (A.U. July 2008)

A fission reaction, where the neutrons from the previous step continue to propagate and
repeat the reaction is called nuclear chain reaction.

4. Mention four differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fussion reaction.
S.N
o. Nuclear fission Nuclear fussion
1. It is the process of breaking a It is the process of combination of
heavier nucleus. higher nuclei.
2. It emits radioactive rays. It does not emit any kind of
radioactive rays.
It occurs at high temperature
3. It occurs at ordinary temperature (>106 K)
It does not give rise to chain
4. It gives rise to chain reaction reaction

5. What is super critical and subcritical mass of U235 ?

a) Super critical mass :
If the mass of the fissionable material (U235 ) is more than the critical mass, it is called
super critical mass.
b) Sub-critical mass :-
If the mass of the fissionable material is smaller than the critical mass, it is called sub
critical mass.

6. What is nuclear reactor?

The arrangement or equipment used to carry out fission reaction under controlled
conditions is called a nuclear reactor.

7. What are the types of nuclear fission reaction?

The nuclear fission reactions are two types 1. Uncontrolled fission reactions Atom
bomb 2.Controlled fission reactions Nuclear reactor.
8. What are the characteristics of nuclear fission.
a. A heavy nucleus (U235 ), when bombarded by slow moving neutrons, split into two
or more nuclei.
b. Two or more neutrons are produced by fission of each nucleus.
c. All the fission fragments are radio active, giving off and - radiation.
d. The atomic weights of fission products ranges from about 70 to 160.

9. Give a method for disposal of nuclear waste.

The waste is packed in concrete barrels, which are buried deep in the sea.

10. What are the fissile nucleides and fertile nucleides?

i) The fissionable nucleides such as U235 & Pu239 are called fissile nucleides.
ii) The non-fissionable nucleides such as U238 & Th232 are called fertile nucleides

11. What are primary and secondary battery? Give examples.(A.U. June 2006)
In primary battery, the electrode and the electrode reactions cannot be reversed by
passing an external electrical energy. The reaction occurs only once and after used they
become dead. Therefore, they are not chargeable. Eg:- Dry cell, Mercury cell.
In secondary battery, the electrode and the electrode reactions can be reversed by passing
an external electrical energy. Therefore, they can be recharged by passing electric current
and used again and again. Eg:- Lead acid storage cell, Nickel - cadmium cell.

12. What is the fuel cell or flow battery?

In these cells the reactants, products and electrolytes are continuously passing through the
cell. In this chemical energy gets converted into electrical energy. Li battery is the cell of
future. Why? (A.U. June 2009)
(i)Its cell voltage is high. 3V, (ii)Since Li is light- weight metal, only 7g material is required
to produce 1 mole of electron, (iii)Since all the constituents of the battery are solids there is
no risk of leakage from the battery and (iv) These battery can be made in a variety of sizes
and shapes.

12. What are the advantages of alkaline battery over dry battery?(A.U. Feb 2010)
(i)Zinc does not dissolved readily in a basic medium, (ii) The life of alkaline battery is longer
than the dry battery, because there is no corrosion on Zn and (iii)Alkaline battery maintains
its Voltage, as the current is drawn from it

13. Describe the solar cells.

Solar cell is the one, which converts the solar energy directly into electrical energy. It
consists of a p-type semi conductor (such as Si doped with B) and n- type semiconductor
(such as Si doped with P). They are close contact with each other.
14. How is NICAD battery constructed? (A.U. Dec 2006)
Nickel Cadmium cell consists of a cadmium anode and a metal grid containing a paste of
NiO2 acting as a cathode. The electrolyte in this cell is KOH.

PART-B

1. With a neat sketch explain the functioning of nuclear reactor.

2. Explain the construction and working of lead-acid battery.
3. How is NICAD battery constructed. Explain with cell reaction.
4. Write a short note on Breeder reactor.
5. Explain alkaline batteries with a suitable example.
6. Describe the construction of Ni-Cd battery. What are the cell reactions and uses.
7. Describe the lithium battery with reactions.
 P.B.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MODEL QUESTION PAPER - I
ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(Common to All)
Year/Sem : I/II Time:3Hrs
Subject Code: CY8151 Ma x.Marks :100
Answer all questions
Part (10 2 =20)
1. Define hardness of water.
2. What are scales and sludges?
3. What is chemisorption? Give an example.
4. What are enzymes. Give an example.
5. What are primary cells. Give a n example.
6. What is multiplication factor? mention its significance.
7. Define nuclear fission.
8. What is carborundum? How it is prepared.
9. What is metallurgical coke?
10. What is leaded petrol? Give its significance.
Part B(5 16 = 80)
11.a) Explain in detail municipal treatment of water. (16)
Or
b).i) Defind the term desalin ation describe the desalination term by RO method . (8)
(ii) What are boiler troubles? How are they caused suggest step to minimise the boiler
troubles. (8)
12.a) i) Derive Freundlichs adsorption isotherm. Give the conditions in which it fails.(8)
ii) Explain the role of adsorption in catalysis? Give examples. (8)
Or
b) i) Discuss the role of activated carbon in abatement of air pollution and waste water
treatment. (8)
ii) Derive the kinetic equation of Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. (8)
13.a) i) What are the main purpose of alloy and steel? (8)
ii) State phase rule and explain the terms involved in it. (8)
Or
b) Write note on Heat treatment of steel. (16)
14.a) i)Explain the manufactur e of metallurgical coke by Otto-Hoffman method
and recovery of byproducts. (8).

ii) How synthetic petrol is prepared by Bergius method. (8)

Or
b)i) How is water gas manufactured. (8)
 ii) How is Bio-diesel manufactured. (8)

15.a)i) Give an account of Lead-A cid battery with applications. (8)

ii) State any four characteristics of a nuclear fission reaction. (8)
Or
b) i)Write a brief note on Breeder reactor .(8).
ii)What is fuel cell .Describ e the construction and working of H2 -O 2
fuelcell.(8)
 P.B.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MODEL QUESTION PAPER -II
ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(Common to All)
Year/Sem : I/I Time:3Hrs
Subject Code:CY8151 Ma x.Marks :100
Answer all questions
Part A(10 2 = 20)
1. What is meant by Reverse Osmosis?
2. What is break-point of chlorination?
3. What is a cell? Mention its ty pes.
4. What is reference electrode. Give an example.
5. What are primary cells. Give a n eg.
6. What is super critical and subcritical mass of U235 ?
7. What is thermal spalling? How it is avoided?
8. What is carborundum? How it is prepared.
9. Distinguish between Proximate and ultimate analysis.
10. What is leaded petrol give it s significance.
Part B(5 16 = 80)
11.a) (i)Explain about the estimation of hardness by EDTA method.(8)
ii)Write a short note on Internal conditioning. (8)
Or
b).i) Define the term desalination describe the desalination term by RO
method .(8)
ii) What are boiler troubles.How are they caused suggest step to minimise
the boiler troubles.(8).
12.a)i) Discuss the role of adsorbents in pollution abatement.(8)
ii) Derive Langmuir adsorption isotherm.(8)
Or
b)i) Derive the kinetic equation of Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism.(8)
ii) Explain the contact theory of catalysis.(8)
13.a)i) Give the composition and uses of the following alloy.(8)
1)Nichrome
2)Stainless steel
ii) Explain the significance of alloying.(8)
Or
b)i) Draw a neat phase diagram and explain the lead-silver system?
Briefly write about pattinsons process.(8)
ii) What is thermal analysis. Draw the cooling curves of a pure substance and
a substance and discuss.(8)
14.a)i) Explain the manufactur e of metallurgical coke by Otto-Hoffman method
and recovery of byproducts.(8).
ii) How synthetic petrol is pr epared by Bergius method.(8)
Or
b)i) How synthetic petrol is o btained by Bergius and Fischer-Tropsch method..(8)
ii) What is crude oil? What are the various fractions obtained by fractional distillation
of crude oil? Mention the compositions & uses.(8)

15.a)i) Describe the construction of Ni-Cd battery. What are the cell reactions and uses..(8)
ii) Describe the working of an photogalvanic cell
Or
b) i)Write a brief note on Breeder reactor.(8).
ii) What is fuel cell. Describe the consruction and working of H2 -O 2 fuel cell.(8)
 P.B.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
MODEL QUESTION PAPER -III
ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(Common to All)
Year/Sem : I/I Time:3Hrs
Subject Code:CY8151 Ma x.Marks :100
Answer all questions
Part A(10 x 2 =20)
1. Define Hardness of Water.
2. What is calgon conditioning? How is it functioning in water treatment?
3. What is Chemisorption? Give an example.
4. What is the role of adsorbent in catalysis?
5. What is Heat treatment of alloy?
6. State phase rule and explain the terms involved.
7. How is coke superior to coal?
8. What is mean by calorific value of fuel?
9. Define Nuclear Fission. Give an example.
10. What are primary cells?

Part B (5 x 16 = 80 Marks)
11. (a) Discuss the disadvantage of using hard water in boiler.(16)
(or)
(b) (i) Explain how demineralization of water is done in water technology?(8)
(ii) Describe the reverse osmosis method for desalination of water.(8)
12. (a) (i) Give any three factors on which adsorption depends.(8)
(ii)Applying Michaelis and Menton equation discuss the kinetics of enzyme
catalyzed reactions.(8)
(or)
(b) (i) Explain the following with suitable examples Heterogeneous catalysis and
Acid-Base catalysis.(8)
(ii) Explain the contact theory of catalysis.(8)
13. (a) Write a short note on Heat treatment of alloy.(16)
(or)
(b) (i) State phase rule and explain the terms involved in it.(8)
(ii) Draw a neat one component water system and explain in detail.(8)
14. (a) (i) Write a detailed account on petroleum processing and fractions. (8)

(ii) Describe the ultimate analysis of coal.(8)

 (or)
(b) (i) Describe the Otto Hoffmans process for preparing coal.(8)
(ii) Explain the flue gas analysis by orsat method with suitable diagram.(8)
15. (a) (i) Give an account of Light water nuclear reactor with a neat diagram.(8)

(ii) Write a note on photo-voltaic cell.(8)

(or)
(b) (i) Explain the construction and working of lead-acid battery.(8)
(ii) With a neat sketch explain the functioning of H2 -O2 fuel cell.(8)