Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Chapter#3
Ref: Anne T. Coughlan, Erin Anderson, Louis W. Stern, &
Adel I. El-Ansary, Marketing Channels, 7th Edition,
Prentice-Hall, Inc. (ATC)
1
As a buyer what we expect from
Outlets / Seller
2
Marketing Channel Outputs
(1) Warehouse Functions (storage and maintenance);
(2) Bulk-Breaking (quantity-breaking or size-breaking);
(3) Spatial Convenience (transportation or physical movement
of the product);
(4) Product Information (regarding features, ingredients, etc.
of the product; information services also include
communication services to link channel members);
(5) Tagging (price, expiry date, and date of manufacturing, etc.
Now-a-days warehouses, retailers, and/or distributors
perform this function);
(6) Sorting and Grading (sorting according to quality, weight,
size, price, design, etc.);
(7) Product Returns (reverse logistics);
(8) Promotions (formal and informal audience contact tools
including advertisement and various viral buzzes);
3
Service Output Demanded
i) Low Service Output
4
Channel Flows
5
Channel Flows
• What Channel Flows are performed?
• Who Performs?
• At What Levels?
6
7
8