World History II:

Unit 2 Project Guideline

Group Member(s): Pemika, Khwanchanok, Tanyatorn, Tanwarat, Sarocha

Country assigned: Cambodia
Development goal selected: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, Achieve universal primary
education and Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases.
Type of Product: Comic book

Product Description:
(Make sure it is clear what the product will look like, what it will include, and how it will be
organized.)
Our product will be a comic book. In the book, we will have 3 different sides of stories from people
in different classes i.e. labourers, employers and colonizers which are included in Imperialism,
Industrial Revolution and Colonisation. The first part will be about labourers, their living qualities,
their rights and their earnings. The second part will be about employers, their living qualities, their
rights and their earnings. The last part will be about colonizers and how their arrival affect
Cambodia in political, economical and societal ways.

Brief background of your country in written in your own words: (post 1900 creation of
country + some major events that made the country what it is today)
Cause and effects of Imperialism on Cambodia
In 1867, King Norodom signed a French protectorate over Cambodia. Under the treaty, the
monarchy was allowed to remain, but France was in charge of all the foreign and trade relations,
and military protection of Cambodia. There were both pros and cons of imperialism. The positive
effects can be divided into 3 categories, which are Political, Social, and Economy. The political
aspects of imperialism is that Cambodia, having been influenced by France, is now a constitutional
monarchy. It also influenced Cambodias law system seeing as it is based off of the French Legal
System. The social aspects of imperialism are about languages and religion. Having been colonized
by France, French is the second language of Cambodia and the religions were expanded. Overall,
the positive effects of imperialism are that the economy grew because of crops, the education were
improved, peoples health were better and there are improvements of transportation and
communication. On the other hands, there are negative effects of imperialism in Cambodia. First,
Cambodian people had less freedom and had to follow Frances orders. Second, after the plantation
system was introduced, it separated the working class from the plantation owners creating a system
similar to the feudal system in Europe. Natives that were forced to work on plantations only crop
rice, but they were not allowed to have them at all. Lastly, there were abandonment of rebellions,
and the Cambodian tradition were changed.
The ideas of Industrial Revolution in Cambodia
The industrial in Cambodia cannot be stated at a revolution but it was the development instead.
Since 2000 BC, Cambodia is believed to be a mixed economy, that this area used to be the place
of Southeastern China to the Indochinese Peninsula Neolithic settle place. From that, the
Cambodians had rough ideas of economy about domesticate animals and rice crops and they later
on improve through the time, that they also lived along the Mekong river. That have the same
characteristics to the Mesopotamian Civilization. However, there are lack of information about the
industrial, as most of them were focused on the political (that link to the idea of colonization). In
addition, Cambodia had been imperialized and colonized under French, Thai and Vietnam. After
those wars, Cambodian had been disrupted in the economic, because it was too new to them.
However, in 1993, Cambodia also had a huge growth rate in economy side, which it embraced
market economy dependent abroad; later on in 2010, they diversify the economy maximize value
and job creation by export rice. Including different events such as Sihanouk regime, Khmer Republic,
Closed Economy, State of Cambodia and UN period and Kingdom of Cambodia.
 World History II:
Unit 2 Project Guideline

Colonization
In 1864, Cambodia became a French colony. In the beginning, France did not control much, but
after France fully conquered Vietnam in 1883. France also changed the policy of Cambodia
government. In 1884, there was a big change concerning the taxation, the policing and the abolish
of the slavery system. The effects after this forcing revolt of France was the rebel of the peasants
inside Cambodia which had Sriwattha of Cambodia as the leader. The result of this suppressing was
that almost 40,000 of the Cambodians moved to Thailand. The rebel took 2 years. The rebel ended
when a new governor named Philipini came and talked to Norodom of Cambodia to end the rebel in
1st January 1887 by France delayed the revolution of the slavery system. Norodom of Cambodia
did the notice and asked people to end the rebel. Sriwattha left into frontier of Cambodia-Laos near
the Mekong River. In the same year, France had established the French Indochina. Cambodia was
a protected state. So, they had highest governor as the representative of France. In 1940, It was the
period of the World War II, the army of Japan moved into Vietnam and took over from France. In
1941, Japan occupied Indochina. In Cambodia, Japan ruled together with King Norodom Sihanouk.
In 1945, the World War II ended and the Japanese left Cambodia. King Norodom asked the French
to return back the land. He saw that this negotiation looked to be unsuccessful, so he decided to go
to the U.S, Canada, and Japan and announced that he would not come back to Cambodia if he did
not get his land back. Finally, he got Cambodia back, along with Laos and Vietnam. Cambodia had
full power at army supervision after France allowed them to transfer power of policing and power of
the law court back to Cambodia.

Brief summary of the history of the social issue (based on MDG selected) in your
country: (causes of the social issue in your country)
Poverty
The social issues in Cambodia that we chose to focus on are poverty. All of the issues are linked
and attributed to each other. The first factor that attributes to poverty in Cambodia is low
education. Children in rural areas do not have access to education as their parents cant afford
school fees. Instead, most children start working outside for a living from a very young age with no
education which in turn creates a cycle passing on poverty from generations to generations. The
second factor that attributes to poverty in Cambodia is high population growth. The population
growth rate in Cambodia is much higher than those of the developed countries. With higher
population, the citizens will need more food and shelters causing the government to spend more
money on building a living place. They also lack skilled workers due to low education and skill
trainings because high population growth needs health care service. The third factor that attributes
to poverty in Cambodia is civil war. Due to this fact, foreign investors is discouraged from doing
business in Cambodia, in turn making Cambodia has less economic growth and activities. A lot of
people also died as a result of civil war, children become orphans, and many people have their
home and cities destroyed. Also, many unexploded landmines are buried in many areas of
Cambodia, making it very hard for people in rural areas who depend on agriculture for a living to
farm on the land, and other areas that arent inhabited by landmines are mostly exploited and
destroyed.

Brief summary of how the social issue (based on the MDG selected) has affected your
country (post 1945): (effects of the social issue in your country current situation)
Poverty
Poverty in Cambodia is affected from the war, including low income and consumption, poor
nutritional status, low education, less access to public services including school and health
services. Also, low education is part of poverty. Education in Cambodia is one of the huge
 World History II:
Unit 2 Project Guideline

issue because they dont have enough schools, teachers, or resources. Some schools are
too far away from their house, otherwise their children cannot go to school because some
families are poor and their children have to work outside the house for their living. Cambodia
had get low of education because lost lot of scholar by the war, and the poverty remains
with the poor children who have to go out of house to work for their education.
They led to lack of money that use to develop the education in Cambodia. From that, this
led the young generations in Cambodia had less opportunities to enter the schools, which
they cannot gain enough knowledge that they can use in the future. This led to they cannot
meet the requirements of the companies, and bring down the economic specifically of
Cambodia (also unemployment rate increase). Apart from that, they only can afford to work
in a low paid job, then this go through the generations in the family. Other than that, as most
of the job in Cambodia is based on farming, so they then have the perspective of having
more children, which the more family members, the more work they can get done. But then
this led to the issue that they cannot afford every single need for their children. Furthermore,
it can also lead to population growth of this perspective and also the cause from the lack of
education, which they did not reach the ideas of contraception. From that, they are
unaffordable to condoms for their own protection in relationship.
After the poverty impacts, this also one of the reasons that can lead to low medical and
become the impact and dangered the Cambodian life. Including the hospital did not provide
the educations to the citizens thoroughly as the budget is low, which it affects the
uneducated about health citizens in Cambodia. For example, lack of knowledge about
medicine, sanitation, contraception, etc. Sometimes, this then cause the people did not and
lack of their own health status and might risk their life because some diseases are hard to
find the symptoms, cannot be treat probably and endangered their life if they did not get the
healthcare service. From that, people can be treat randomly through a traditionally way of
the country, which can increase the disease rate to be dangerous, this can lead to spreading
out the disease into the cities.

Brief summary of what your countrys government has done to deal with the social issue
(based on the MDG selected): (policies in place and progress in dealing with the problem)
Poverty
The ways to solve the problems of the poverty in Cambodia is to decrease the tuition fee
of the schools in Cambodia because many families face to poverty issue. They did not
have enough money to pay for the school. Therefore, some parents let their children work
by being beggars. Those children might agree with their parents because of no many
choices. Some people think that begging money on the sidewalk is the best way to help
them to get more money, but they were wrong because kids will learn only how to ask
people, but they will not learn how to do. Some will be unhealthy and get sick because of
staying on the dusty roads or streets. That will lead to the big issue of the country. To fix
this problem, The governments should establish the facilities such as education,
healthcare with low price because there are a lot of people cant afford the price and
parents should sent them to study, and government should decrease the tuition fee of the
schools. Many families might have enough money to let their children study and get the
better job in the future. Studying can help them earn more money because they will have
more efficiency to do work than other people who do not get the education. After adult
having good job, they will be able to to sent their child to go to school.
After civil war, Cambodia was chaotic. In present, they are trying to fix the problem that
they got from the civil war, and the healthcare system is getting better. However they meet
the big problem, most of which is the price of health care system is accessibility. Abundant
of Cambodians cant afford the medical service in the hospital since it is very expensive.
 World History II:
Unit 2 Project Guideline

Most of Cambodias health care system use the curative medicine. The most common
illnesses that Cambodians always get are from the water and sanitation such as diarrhoeal
diseases, Malaria, malnutrition, and tuberculosis. Most of Cambodian children will receive
the vaccine that against them from tuberculosis, tetanus, measles, diphtheria and polio. In
the 1970s, the Khmer Rouge proscribed Western medicine. That causes traditional
medicine can only approach in Cambodia at that time, especially in remote area.
Therefore, the traditional medicine become Cambodias culture.

Reference list for the starter sources used: (APA format)

Progress in Achieving Cambodia Millennium Development Goals: Challenges and
Opportunities ( May, 2007 ) Retrieved from :
http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/docs/pdfs/cambodia_national_rpt.pdf
Poverty in Cambodia ( January 12, 2013 ) Retrieved from :
https://cambodia24.wordpress.com/2013/01/12/poverty-in-cambodia/
Cause of Poverty in Cambodia ( January 7, 2013 ) Retrieved from :
https://www.ammado.com/nonprofit/128766/articles/72904
Healthcare in Cambodia ( N.D. ) Retrieved from :
http://www.expatfinder.com/cambodia/expat-guides/article/healthcare-in-cambodia/1823
Impact of health financing policies in Cambodia ( March, 2017 ) Retrieved from :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953617300412
Charlene, T. ( June, 2007 ) Education reforms in Cambodia: Issues and concerns.
Retrieved from :
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44837563_Education_reforms_in_Cambodia_Iss
ues_and_concerns
About Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport ( N.D. ) Retrieved from :
http://www.moeys.gov.kh/en/about-us.html#.WgWXubaB3-Y
Chloe, C. ( May 8, 2017 ) Resolving company-community conflicts: Whats the role of
corporate leverage? Retrieved from :
https://politicsofpoverty.oxfamamerica.org/2017/05/resolving-company-community-
conflicts-whats-the-role-of-corporate-leverage/
Phalla, C. ( N.D. ) Education Reform in Cambodia Retrieved from :
http://www.riseprogramme.org/sites/www.riseprogramme.org/files/Politics%20of%20Chan
ge_Phalla%20Chea.pdf
Improving Education in Cambodia ( August 27, 2013 ) Retrieved
from : https://www.childfund.org/Content/NewsDetail/2147488882/
What is the ultimate solution? ( N.D. ) Retrieved from :
https://povertyincambodia1.weebly.com/solution.html