Chapter 2 Hardware and software

2.01 Hardware
Hardware
Input, output and storage devices make part of Hardware.

Input devices let the data to be sent to a computer

Output devices let the data to make communication from computer

Storage devices it store data into a storage medium to have access later

Internal hardware devices

Central processing unit
CPU is the part of the computer that makes calculation and it named as the brain of the
computer

The arthimitic logic unit (APU) do calculations and logical operations, and for instruct from
memory and executes them we use the CU (control unit)

CPU tranforms the input data or storage and it turn it to outrput data and then send it to input
device

Ex: laptop to cpu to monitor

CPU is made by a lot if different processors (cores). And it measure it by hertz

Motherboard
Motherboard connect the main components of the computer

Random access memory

This is the memory that is used to store active programs, the more ram available the more it
can run programs simultaneously

When ram is full the data that is not used it will remove, if there is nothing to remove it will
use secondary storage that is slower

When there is no pwer connect to the ram it will shut down the data will be lost

Read only memory

Rom is the momory that cant change, and if there is no power it will keep the data

Graphics card

This is connected to the motherboards to the generate the signals needed to display the
output image from the computer

Sound card

The porpuse of it is to generate signals needed to output sound from the computer to a
speaker

Hard disk drive

Its a form of secondary storage, theire maximum is to have 8tb of data with a speed of 6gb/s.

Hard disj have two pricinapal parts electronics that is to srore data and medium where data is
stored, the hard disk will try to store as minimum as possible to continue have more space to
use also the data will not lose if the computer is shut dowm

Solid state drive

This is another seccodary storage the difference is that there is no any moving part and the
data is stored in flash memory, also they are not magnetic so it will not be effected by strong
magnetic field, they are 3 time faster than HDD so it expensier so to be more affordable it have
less storeage