CLASS XII MATHEMATICS NCERT SOLUTIONS

Integrals
Exercise 7.2
Answers
dt
1. Putting 1 + x 2 = t 2x = 2 x dx = dt
dx
= dt = log t + c = log 1 + x 2 + c = log (1 + x 2 ) + c
2x dt 1
1+ x 2
dx =
t t
1 dt dx
2. Putting log x = t = = dt
x dx x
( log x )
2
t3 1
x + c = ( log x ) + c
dx = t 2 dt =
3

3 3
1 dt dx
3. Putting 1 + log x = t = = dt
x dx x
1 1 dx 1
x + x log x dx = 1 + log x x = = t dt = log t + c = log 1 + log x + c
dt
4. Putting cos x = t sin x = sin x dx = dt
dx
sin x sin ( cos x ) dx = sin ( cos x )( sin x dx ) = sin t dt = ( cos t ) + c
= cos t + c = cos ( cos x ) + c
1 1
5. sin ( ax + b ) cos ( ax + b ) dx = 2 2 sin ( ax + b ) cos ( ax + b ) dx = 2 sin x ( ax + b ) dx
1 1 cos ( 2ax + 2b )
( ) +c
2
= sin 2 ax + 2b dx =
2 2a Coeff. of x
1
= cos 2 ( ax + b ) + c
4a
1 3
( ax + b ) 2 ( ax + b ) 2
+1
1
6. ax + b dx = ( ax + b ) 2 dx =
1
+c =
3
+c
+ 1 a Coeff. of x a
2 2
3
2
= ( ax + b ) 2 + c
3a

{( ) }
1 1
7. x x + 2 dx = x + 2 2 x + 2 dx = ( )( ) ( ) 2 dx
x + 2 x + 2 2 2 x + 2

3 1
3 1
= ( x + 2 ) 2 2 ( x + 2 ) 2 dx = ( x + 2 ) 2 dx 2 ( x + 2 ) 2 dx

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