Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
APPROACH
Ramesh K. Karne, Rajavardhan Gattu, Xubo Zhang, and Ramesh Dandu
Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252
Hardware Layer
Object-oriented analysis and design could be
performed on similar applications such as books,
documents, newspapers, magazines and technical
Figure 1. Application-oriented Object Architecture journals that may share common objects with the
(AOA) resume object. These similar entities form the basis to
build AOs that constitute a specific application domain.
In general, we can capture AOs based on applications
A set of AUs are real-world hardware objects in and hide all the necessary data and control. Also, once
hardware layer that provides all the required resources all application domains are modeled as application
for a given application. It is simply a hardware unit objects, much redundancy will be avoided.
consisting of a processor, memory, disk, display,
network card and other related elements required for
AOs. An AU acts like a server to an AO, in the sense 4. Design and Implementation
that an AO can make service requests to the AU. Some
of the AO’s requests are as follows: allocate memory, Today’s hardware such as a 386 chip does not
acquire a CPU for execution (and possibly for a given provide the interfaces that are required for the AOA.
amount of time), de-allocate memory, put the processor One possible approach is to define the AU component
in a wait state, start loading a program, stop the interfaces such as CPU, memory, keyboard, display,
processor, check authentication, validate its signature, network card, mouse, and disk in assembly language or
and request processor or memory availability. As there C, letting these interfaces enable communication
is no operating system in an AU, the AU unit and its between AU elements and AOs. However, when such
elements should keep track of their own resources in an assembly language interface objects are developed to
intelligent manner. For example, a CPU element or an interface with AOs, they should use BIOS calls for
AU will keep track of its AO currently in execution and hardware functions to make the interfaces stable
the AO’s execution time, its interface to the AOs, the (assuming that BIOS are part of hardware). The BIOS
amount of time allocated for each AO, whether it can calls only work in real mode; thus, one must learn how
serve a given AO request or not. If the AUs manage to swap back and forth from real mode to protected
their own hardware resources intelligently, and the mode, if protected mode is used for high memory and
AOs have all the necessary software, then these units 32-bit addressing. We need a clean approach to develop
could function in harmony eliminating the need for an these interfaces that are stable and robust for all
external operating system. application objects.
Microsoft Word
Windows NT OS
Hardware
ac erm
ce s
p
Application security life
ss
text
program
-
cycle
object
Layer loader
fonts editor
negotiator network signature
o n trol
p plic ation C
A s
Object Keyboard Interface
Memory Interface
Network Interface
Display Interface
Printer Interface
Mouse Interface
Bootup Interface
Disk Interface
Application
Environment
ts
onen network bootup
U C omp
A card
security disk CPU
display
Hardware Keyboard
Interrupts
printer memory
Layer speaker
mouse
modem