GEK 97310

VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I

ADDENDUM I

INDUSTRIAL GAS TURBINE MODEL

7LM2500PC101B

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 GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Paragraph Title Page

1-0 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................... I-3

2-0 REFERENCE DATA .................................................................................. I-3
3-0 INSTALLATION DRAWINGS.................................................................. I-3
4-0 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION ................................................................. I-3
5-0 INSTRUMENTATION AND SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS ................... I-4
6-0 SERVICE REQUIREMENTS ................................................................... I-6
6-1.1 Natural Gas ................................................................................................... I-6
7-0 OPTIONAL HARDWARE KITS - 7LM2500PC101B ............................ I-6
8-0 GAS TURBINE OPERATION .................................................................. I-6
8-1 PERFORMANCE RATINGS AND OPERATING LIMITS .................. I-7
8-1.1 Performance Ratings ..................................................................................... I-7
8-1.2 Operating Limits ........................................................................................... I-11
8-2 INITIAL OPERATION .............................................................................. I-15
8-2.1 General .......................................................................................................... I-15
8-2.2 Special Instrumentation Required for Operation .......................................... I-15
8-2.3 Special Instrumentation Required for Monitoring and Troubleshooting ...... I-15
8-2.4 Preparation .................................................................................................... I-16
8-2.5 Gas Turbine and Associated Equipment Check List..................................... I-16
8-2.6 Governor and Manual Control Check........................................................... I-17
8-2.7 Start-up and Checkout................................................................................... I-17
8-2.8 Ignition Check............................................................................................... I-19
8-2.9 Motoring........................................................................................................ I-19
8-2.10 False Start...................................................................................................... I-19
8-2.11 Governor Check ............................................................................................ I-20
8-2.12 Wet Prestart ................................................................................................... I-20
8-2.13 Manual Start and Operation .......................................................................... I-20
8-2.14 Operation to Maximum Power...................................................................... I-27
8-2.15 Automatic Operation..................................................................................... I-28
8-3 NORMAL OPERATION............................................................................ I-28
8-3.1 General .......................................................................................................... I-28
8-3.2 Interlocks....................................................................................................... I-28
8-3.3 Operation....................................................................................................... I-28
8-4 EMERGENCY OPERATION ................................................................... I-29
8-4.1 Emergency Shutdown ................................................................................... I-29
8-4.2 Post Shutdown Fire ....................................................................................... I-29

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GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Title Page

1 Transient Temperature Limits ................................................................................ I-8

2 Deleted
3 Typical Acceleration Fuel Flow Schedule ............................................................. I-10

LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1 INSTRUMENTATION CONNECTIONS - 7LM2500PC101B ............................ I-4

2 SUPPLY CONNECTIONS - 7LM2500PC101B................................................... I-5
3 GAS TURBINE OPERATING LIMITS................................................................ I-11
4 PRESTART CHECKS ........................................................................................... I-18
5 START-UP AND OPERATION ............................................................................ I-22
6 GAS TURBINE SHUTDOWN ............................................................................. I-26
7 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN............................................................................... I-27

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VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
1-0 INTRODUCTION. Combustor 120 (54)
The information contained herein describes the High Pressure Turbine Rotor 419 (190)
7LM2500PC101B model gas turbine basic
High Pressure Turbine Nozzle,
configuration and control system differences.
Stage-1 68 (31)
In addition, the coverage of reference data,
instrumentation and supply connections, spe- High Pressure Turbine Nozzle,
cial servicing requirements, optional hardware Stage-2 127 (58)
kits and the complete gas turbine operating Turbine Mid Frame 530 (240)
instructions for the 7LM2500PC101B model Low Pressure Turbine Rotor 1095 (497)
are included. Low Pressure Turbine Stator 601 (273)
Turbine Rear Frame 1071 (486)
2-0 REFERENCE DATA.
High Speed Coupling Shaft For-
EQUIPMENT ward Adapter 91 (41)
Variable Stator Actuating Mech 19 (9)
Gas Turbine Assembly Outside Piping and Bracketing 278 (126)
(General Electric Co., Cincinnati, Ohio)
Model No. 7LM2500PC101B DRAWING LIST
Dwg. No. L24290G03
Drawing No.
PERFORMANCE RATING Gas Turbine Installation Dwg L31705
Fuel System Flow Diagram L24327
Refer to paragraph 8-1.
Lubrication System Flow Dia L24328
GAS TURBINE WEIGHTS Electrical Diagram L24329
Ignition Units L21454P02
The average weights of the major gas turbine
Gas Turbine Assembly Dwg L24290G03
components are:

Component Wt-Lbs/(Kg) 3-0 INSTALLATION DRAWINGS.

A complete set of installation drawings have
Gas turbine - including inlet duct,
been provided.
centerbody, exhaust diffuser,
and coupling nut 7396 (3355)
4-0 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION.
Gas Generator 4212 (1911) The 7LM2500PC101B is a natural gas fired,
Power Turbine 2777 (1260) nonmarinized gas turbine. An exhaust duct is
Inlet Gearbox 38 (17) not furnished as standard equipment; however,
Transfer Gearbox 245 (111) the gas turbine is provided with an exhaust
duct inner diffuser.
Compressor Front Frame 517 (235)
Compressor Rotor 552 (250)
Compressor Stator, Front 307 (139)
Compressor Stator, Rear 93 (42)
Compressor Rear Frame 421 (191)

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GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
5-0 INSTRUMENTATION AND
SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS.
See tables 1 and 2.
Table 1. INSTRUMENTATION CONNECTIONS - 7LM2500PC101B
Item Nomenclature Mates with:
E1 Vibration pickup, Gas Generator Bell & Howell Electronics Part No. 173960 or
364450
E2 Power turbine inlet temperature MS3106-14S-9S
E3 A-sump scavenge oil temperature MS3106R12S-3S
E4 B-sump scavenge oil temperature MS3106Rl2S-3S
E5 C-sump scavenge oil temperature MS3106R12S-3S
E6 Accessory Gearbox scavenge oil MS3106R12S-3S
temperature
E11 Oil supply temperature MS3106Rl2S-3S
E18 D-sump scavenge oil temperature MS3106Rl2D-3S
E7 Gas generator speed pickup No. 1 MS3106R10SL-4S
E12 Gas generator speed pickup No. 2 MS3106R10SL-4S
E13 Vibration pickup, power turbine Bell & Howell Electronics Part No. 173960 or
364450
E14 Power turbine speed pickup No. 1 MS3106-10SL-4S
E15 Power turbine speed pickup No. 2 MS3106-10SL-4S
A13 Power turbine inlet pressure probe AN818-6C or MS20819-6C
(optional)
A23 CDP pressure port (optional) .500-20UNJF
A18 CIT sensor (part of fuel control system)
F3 Natural gas fuel manifold pressure tap MS33656-4
(optional)
L5 Lube supply pressure tap AN818-6C or MS20819-6C
L7 Lube scavenge pressure tap (optional) AN818-4C or MS20819-4C
-- Remote reading variable stator vane
protractor (optional)
E10 Starter speed switch (optional) MS3106-10SL-4S
E16 Gas turbine electrical bond, left
E17 Gas turbine electrical bond, right
NOTE
For all other instrumentation connections, refer to Installation Drawings provided with
gas turbine.

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VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I

Table 2. SUPPLY CONNECTIONS - 7LM2500PC101B

Item Nomenclature Mates with:
CAUTION
ALL LINES MUST BE FLEXIBLE ENOUGH TO ALLOW 3/4 INCH THERMAL
GROWTH OF GAS GENERATOR WITHOUT PLACING STRAIN ON LINES OR
ON GAS GENERATOR.
F1 Natural gas supply 2 inch line from Fuel Control Unit to
Gas Generator Fuel Manifold
L1 Lube Oil Supply 1-1/2 inch line to Lube Pump on Gas Generator
AN818-24C or MS20819-24C
L2 Lube pump discharge 1 inch line from Lube Pump to Oil Supply
Filters AN818-16C or MS20819-16C
L4 Lube supply inlet port 1 inch line from Oil Supply Filters to Gas
Generator AN818-16C or MS20819-16C
L3 Scavenge oil discharge 1-1/4 inch line from Gas Generator Scavenge
Pump to Oil Scavenge Filter and Cooler
AN818-20C or MS20819-20C
A2 Bleed air 16th stage compressor bleed air lines if used
A4 Inlet duct seal (If required)
A10 CDP seal leakage No. 1 (If required) 2-inch line
A11 CDP seal leakage No. 2 (If required) 2-inch line
A12 Air/Oil Separator 3 inch line from air/oil separator to atmospheric
vent or to exhaust duct (flame arrestor)
D3 Oil drain, forward AN818-6C or MS20819-6C
D5 Oil drain, aft AN818-6C or MS20819-6C
S1 Waterwash manifold 1 inch line - hot water line to waterwash
manifold on Gas Generator Inlet Duct
AN818-16C or MS20819-16C
NOTE
For all other supply connections, refer to Installation Drawings provided with gas
turbine.

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VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
6-0 SERVICE REQUIREMENTS.
6-1.1 Natural Gas.
a. The required supply pressure to the
fuel manifold on the gas turbine is 350 5 psig
(2415 35 kPa).
b. The temperature of the gas must be in
the range of -65 to +150F (-54 to +66C). If
the temperature is not repeatable on a day-to-
day basis it will be necessary to change the
starting fuel adjustment to adjust the supply
pressure to the engine to maintain a constant
Btu-per-cubic-foot supply. Once started, the
engine will accept variations in supply temper-
ature of 20F (11C). The maximum fuel
flow required is 13,400 pph (6078 kg/h) with a
lower heating value of 19, 000 Btu/lb.
7-0 OPTIONAL HARDWARE KITS -
7LM2500PC101B.
a. Refer to Volume II, WP 001 00 for a
detailed list of optional kits available for this
particular gas turbine model.
8-0 GAS TURBINE OPERATION.
a. These instructions contain the gas tur-
bine operating procedures and limits recom-
mended by the General Electric Company for
the 7LM2500PC101B Gas Turbine.
b. The instructions are intended to pro-
vide operating personnel with the information
required to operate the gas turbine. They per-
tain to routine and emergency conditions and
procedures. When a fault exists, refer to
Volume I, Chapter 4, Troubleshooting.
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c. It is possible that these instructions
may not provide for every possible variation in
equipment or contingency to be met in connec-
tion with the operation of the gas turbine.
Refer requests for additional information to the
General Electric Company, Marine and Indus-
trial Engine Division, Cincinnati, OH 45215.
WARNING
IF A QUESTIONABLE CONDITION
EXISTS, DO NOT OPERATE THE
GAS TURBINE UNTIL A THOR-
OUGH INVESTIGATION HAS
BEEN MADE. DO NOT REPEAT
HOT STARTS, COMPRESSOR
STALLS, OR OTHER RECOGNIZED
PROBLEMS WITHOUT PRIOR
THOROUGH INVESTIGATION.
FAILURE TO DO SO CAN RESULT
IN UNDUE STRESS BEING
IMPOSED ON GAS TURBINE COM-
PONENTS, WITH IMMEDIATE OR
SUBSEQUENT DESTRUCTIVE
FAILURE OF THE GAS TURBINE
AND INJURY TO PERSONNEL.
NOTE
The S. I. units shown in this addendum
are direct mathematical conversions
and may be rounded off in most
instances at the users discretion.
Examples of units that may be rounded
off are those utilized for temperatures,
torque values, pressures, etc. Examples
where S.I. units may not be rounded off
are those utilized for drop checks, rig-
ging adjustments, runouts, etc.
 GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
8-1 PERFORMANCE RATINGS AND Power Turbine Inlet Gas 1408F at 27500
OPERATING LIMITS. Temperature Avg. BHP
1481F at 30000
NOTE BHP
Ratings published in this manual apply
b. Approximate starting fuel flow require-
to the gas turbine. The driven unit rat-
ments based on applying fuel and ignition at
ings/ limits may be lower in some cases
1200 rpm are:
and shall take precedence over the gas
turbine manual limits. 465 pph (211 kg/h) 25 pph (11 kg) @ -65F
(-54C) Inlet Air Temperature
8-1.1 Performance Ratings.
550 pph (250 kg/h) 25 pph (11 kg) @ +60F
a. The rated performance of the (+16C) Inlet Air Temperature
7LM2500PC101B gas turbine in the new and
clean conditions is as follows: 595 pph (270 kg/h) 25 pph (11 kg) @
+130F (+54C) Inlet Air Temperature
Brake Horsepower

- Continuous 27,500 BHP c. Typical transient fuel flow require-

ments are shown in Acceleration Fuel
- Maximum 30,000 PHM Schedule, figure 3.

Heat Rate, Average 6895 Btu/HP-hr d. Deleted

(Continuous)
e. Acceleration fuel rates greater than
Heat Rate, Average 6876 Btu/HP-hr those shown will result in over-temperature
(Maximum) and possible stall of the gas turbine. Accelera-
tion fuel rates lower than those shown can
Based on the following conditions: result in hung starts in the below idle speed
Inlet Air Temperature 59F range.

Altitude Sea Level f. Above the idle speed point, low accel-
eration fuel rates will not harm the gas turbine
Inlet Losses 0 H2O and will only result in slower acceleration
times.
Exhaust Losses 0 H2O
g. For normal accelerations from idle to
Relative Humidity 0%
power settings the changes should be made
Compressor Bleed 0 more slowly to enhance the time between hot
section repairs and the life of the gas turbine; a
Accessory Power 0 time of 2 to 3 minutes is reasonable.
Extraction

Power Turbine Speed 3600 rpm

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VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I

Figure 1. Transient Temperature Limits

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Figure 2. Deleted

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VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I

Figure 3. Typical Acceleration Fuel Flow Schedule

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ADDENDUM I
h. The fuel rate shown on the curve will 8-1.2 Operating Limits. Refer to table 3.
give starting times to 5000 rpm idle of 60 to 90
seconds and accelerations from idle to maxi- NOTE
mum power of 15 seconds. If any operating limit is exceeded, ver-
ify instrumentation accuracy before
i. The maximum deceleration fuel flow troubleshooting or inspecting gas
rate should consist of a step fuel decrease of generator.
1500 pph (680.4 kg ph) 10% pph followed
by a rate change of 1330 pph (604 kg ph)
10% per second to idle fuel flow. Rates greater
than this can cause the engine to lose fire. Nor-
mal decelerations from maximum power to
idle should be made in approximately 2 to 3
minutes - this will enhance the time between
hot section repairs and the life of the gas
turbine.

Table 3. GAS TURBINE OPERATING LIMITS

Alarm/ Normal
Type Parameter Trip Setting Operating Range Remarks
NOTE
Continuous operation should not take place with any parameter indicating between the
alarm and trip levels. If an alarm level is not shown, the trip level is the operating limit.
Correct lube pressures per applicable table in Chapter 5.
Lubrication Gas Turbine Alarm 8 psig 1 psig 20 - 60 psig Bypass until
System - Lube Supply (55 kPa 6.9 kPa) (138 - 413 kPa) 4500 rpm
Settings and Pressure below 8000 rpm.
Operating 15 psig 1 psig
Ranges (103 kPa 6.9 kPa)
above 8000 rpm
Gas Turbine Trip 6 psig 1 psig 20 - 60 psig Bypass until
Lube Supply (41 kPa 6.9 kPa) (138 - 413 kPa) 4500 rpm
Pressure
Gas Turbine Alarm 110 psig 10 psig 10 - 100 psig Scavenge Dis-
Scavenge Dis- (759 kPa 69 kPa) (69 - 690 kPa) charge Pressure
charge Pressure shall not exceed
180 psig
(1242 kPa)

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ADDENDUM I
Table 3. GAS TURBINE OPERATING LIMITS - (Cont.)

Alarm/ Normal
Type Parameter Trip Setting Operating Range Remarks
Gas Turbine Alarm 180 - 220F 140 - 160F Normal Operat-
Lube Supply (82 - 104C) (60 - 71C) ing Range
Temperature reflects tempera-
ture expected
during operation
above idle speed
Gas Turbine Trip 330 - 350F 215 - 275F Normal Operat-
Lube Scavenge (166 - 177C) (102 - 135C) ing Range
Temperatures - reflects tempera-
Five ture expected
during operation
above idle speed
Alarm 290 - 310F
(143 - 154C)
Fuel Fuel 20-355 psig Supply Pressure
System Manifold (138-2448 kPa) as reflected at the
(Natural Pressure fuel manifold
Gas) inlet on the gas
turbine
Fuel Supply Alarm 150 - 170 F -65 to 150F Starting Fuel
Temperature (66 - 77C) (-54 to 66C) Flow Adjust-
ments may be
required to com-
pensate for fuel
temperature
variation
Starting Starter Supply 40 psig Starting Pressure
System Pressure (276 kPa) Requirement
based on engine
starter torque
requirements
Application of 1200 100 rpm
Fuel and Ignition
Application of 1700 100 rpm 1700 100 rpm
Fuel and Ignition for start after
(If purge cycle is purge cycle
used)

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ADDENDUM I
Table 3. GAS TURBINE OPERATING LIMITS - (Cont.)

Alarm/ Normal
Type Parameter Trip Setting Operating Range Remarks
Starting Time to Trip 1200 100 rpm Activate 20 sec-
1200 rpm onds time delay
simultaneously
with start
initiation
Failure to Trip 380 - 420F Activate 20 sec-
Light-Off (193 - 216C) onds time delay
simultaneously
with application
of fuel and
ignition
Starting Time to Trip 4500 200 rpm Activate 90 sec-
4500 rpm onds time delay
simultaneously
with start initia-
tion. De-energize
ignition, fuel sys-
tem and starter air
supply
Starting Time to Trip 4500 100 rpm Activate 60 sec-
4500 rpm (If onds time delay
purge cycle is upon completion
used) of purge. De-
energize fuel and
ignition systems
and starter air
supply
Power Failure to Light- Trip 380 - 420F 0 - 1600F Trip if tempera-
Turbine Off (193 - 216C) (18 - 871C) ture does not
Inlet Tem- reach 400F
perature (204C) within
(Natural 20 seconds after
Gas) fuel and ignition
are applied

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Table 3. GAS TURBINE OPERATING LIMITS - (Cont.)

Alarm/ Normal
Type Parameter Trip Setting Operating Range Remarks
Overtemperature Trip 1450F (788C) 1378 - 1438F Values given are
(748 - 781C) for installations
using constant
T5.4 control as the
Alarm 1438F (781C) power limit.
Installations
using constant
power control
mode should
consult the con-
tract documents
for determining
alarm and trip
settings, which
are unique to
each application,
but never to
exceed 1616F
(880C) (alarm)
and 1625F
(885C) (trip)
Vibration Gas Generator Trip 7 mils 1 mil DA 0 - 3 mils DA Avoid continu-
Alarm 4 mils 1 mil DA ous operation
over 4 mils
Power Turbine Trip 10 mils 1 mil DA 0 - 6 mils DA Avoid continu-
Alarm 7 mils 1 mil DA ous operation
over 7 mils
Speed Gas Generator Trip 9950 50 rpm 0 - 9850 rpm
Power Turbine Trip 3960 40 rpm 0 - 3600 rpm
Loss of Combustor Close and lock
Flame Flame out fuel shutoff
valve upon loss
of flame

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8-2 INITIAL OPERATION. 8-2.3 Special Instrumentation Required for
Monitoring and Troubleshooting:
8-2.1 General. Initial operational period is
that period of operation immediately following Fuel manifold pressure sensor 0-400 psi
gas turbine replacement or major maintenance (0-2760 kPa)
on the system. Compressor inlet total pres- 10-16 psia
sure sensor (69-111 kPa)
8-2.2 Special Instrumentation Required for
Operation. Power turbine inlet gas 0-75 psia
pressure (0-518 kPa)
Gas generator speed sensor 0-10,000 rpm Compressor discharge 0-300 psig
pressure (0-2070 kPa)
Lube oil scavenge temperature 0-400F Fuel supply pressure 0-400 psig
sensors (A-, B-, C-, D-sumps (-18 to 204C) (0-2760 kPa)
and transfer gearbox)
Fuel supply temperature 0-250F
Lube oil supply temperature 0-400F (-18 to 121C)
sensor (-18 to 204C)
Gas turbine inlet air 0-150F
Vibration indicators 0-3 in/sec or temperature (-18 to 66 C)
gas generator 0-10 mil DA Lube oil scavenge pressure 0-100 psig
(0-690 kPa)
power turbine 0-3 in/sec or Remote reading variable vane -5 to +45
0-10 mil DA indicator
Power turbine speed sensor 0-5000 rpm Starter air supply pressure 0-50 psig
(optional) (0-345 kPa)
Power turbine inlet gas tem- 0-2000F
perature (T5.4) (-18 to 1093C)

Lube oil supply pressure 0-100 psig

(0-690 kPa)

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8-2.4 Preparation. The gas turbine and k. Gas turbine inlet air area
associated systems must be inspected and free of foreign objects. Inlet
checked out for proper installation and opera- screen secure _________
tion before normal operation can commence.
l. Gas turbine compressor rear
frame leakage ports, struts
8-2.5 Gas Turbine and Associated Equip-
7 and 10, are open (not
ment Check List. Complete the following
capped) _________
check list.
m. Starter is serviced per Pack-
a. Gas Turbine Assembly S/N _________ agers manual _________
b. Mounting base secured to n. Lube oil storage tank ser-
foundation _________ viced to full level _________
c. Intake air and exhaust gas o. Lube oil supply valves open _________
ducts in place and secured _________ p. All filters are serviced per
d. Bonding straps in place and Packagers manual _________
secure _________ q. Fire alarm/extinguish sys-
e. Gas turbine and exhaust tem ON and operative _________
duct support mounts and r. T5.4 thermocouple system
links in place and secure _________ functioning properly _________
f. All service connections s. Ignition system operative _________
made and secure _________ t. Compressor inlet total pres-
g. All lines have been flushed sure probe aligned properly
per Packagers manual _________ and free of damage _________
h. All instrumentation connec- u. Variable stator vane system
tions made and secure _________ secure _________
i. All accessories are secure v. Required checks and
per Packagers manual _________ inspections specified in
j. Gas turbine assembly free Packagers manual for gas
of loose objects and all turbine control have been
lines/electrical leads performed _________
connected _________

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8-2.6 Governor and Manual Control ALLOW THE GAS TURBINE TO
Check. Refer to Packagers manual. COOL DOWN. AVOID CON-
TACT WITH HOT PARTS, AND
8-2.7 Start-up and Checkout. WEAR THERMALLY INSU-
LATED GLOVES AS NECES-
WARNING SARY.

WHEN ENTERING THE GAS TUR- EAR PROTECTION SHALL BE

BINE ENCLOSURE, THE FOLLOW-
ING REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE
MET:
THE GAS TURBINE SHALL BE
SHUT DOWN.
ENCLOSURE ENTRY DURING
ENGINE OPERATION IS PRO-
HIBITED IN GENERAL. IF
ENTRY SHOULD BE
REQUIRED DURING ENGINE
OPERATION, CONTACT GE
FIELD SERVICE FOR A REPRE-
SENTATIVE WHO IS TRAINED
TO ENTER THE ENCLOSURE
UNDER SUCH CONDITIONS.
THE FIRE EXTINGUISHING
SYSTEM SHALL BE MADE
INACTIVE ACCORDING TO
THE CUSTOMERS PROCE-
DURES.
SECONDARY AIR TO THE
ENCLOSURE SHALL BE SHUT
OFF. HIGH SECONDARY AIR-
FLOW MAY PREVENT OPEN-
ING OR CLOSING THE
ENCLOSURE DOOR.
THE ENCLOSURE DOOR
SHALL BE KEPT OPEN. IF THE
GAS TURBINE IS OPERATING,
AN OBSERVER SHALL BE STA-
TIONED AT THE ENCLOSURE
DOOR AND CONFINED SPACE
ENTRY PROCEDURES SHALL
BE FOLLOWED.
WORN IF GAS TURBINE IS
OPERATING.
DO NOT REMAIN IN THE
ENCLOSURE OR IN THE
PLANE OF ROTATION OF THE
STARTER WHEN STARTING OR
MOTORING THE GAS TUR-
BINE.
a. When entering enclosure at or below
idle speed, wear proper ear protection.
b. Perform prestart checks per Table 4.
c. Perform ignition checkout per
paragraph 8-2.8.
d. Perform motoring procedure per
paragraph 8-2.9.
e. Perform false start per
paragraph 8-2. 10.
f. Perform governor check per
paragraph 8-2.11.
g. Perform a wet prestart per
paragraph 8-2.12.
h. Perform a manual start and operate per
paragraph 8-2.13.
i. Operate to maximum power per
paragraph 8-2.14.
j. Check automatic operation per
paragraph 8-2.15.

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GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
Table 4. PRESTART CHECKS
Item Requirement
Maintenance requirements Cleared
and discrepancies
Fuel valves Closed
Ignition Off
Oil tank level Full
Lube oil supply valves Open
Lube oil temperature 140 F to 160F
(60 to 71 C)
Bleed air valve (if used) Closed
Water wash supply Closed
Fuel supply
pressure 350 5 psig
(2413 35 kPa)
temperature -65 to 150F
(-54 to 66C)
flow 13,400 ppg
(6078 kg/h) max

I-18 Change 4

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8-2.8 Ignition Check.
WARNING
ASSURE POWER TO IGNITION
SYSTEMS IS OFF WHEN DIS-
CONNECTING AND CONNECT-
ING IGNITION EXCITER INPUT
LEAD. TAG SWITCH OUT OF
SERVICE TO PRECLUDE
INADVERTENT ACTIVATION.
ASSURE FUEL VALVES ARE
CLOSED THROUGHOUT THIS
PROCEDURE.
a. To clear combustor of any residual
fuel, motor gas turbine for one minute; allow
gas turbine to coast down.
b. Disconnect number one ignition exciter
input lead at exciter. Temporarily secure input
lead away from the exciter.
c. Turn on electrical power to the ignition
system (No. 2 ignition exciter energized). An
audible report (approximately two sparks per
second) should be heard when the No. 2 spark
igniter fires.
d. Turn off electrical power to the ignition
system. Reconnect input lead to exciter and
safety-wire connector.
e. Repeat steps b, c, and d, disconnecting
the No. 2 exciter.
f. If an audible report is not heard on No.
1 and/or No. 2 igniters, check out the system to
isolate the problem, and take appropriate cor-
rective action.
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GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
8-2.9 Motoring. After all preliminary
checks have been completed and lines flushed,
motor gas generator as follows:
a. Make ignition and natural-gas supply
systems inoperative as follows:
(1) Disconnect power supply to igni-
tion unit.
(2) Close natural-gas manual shutoff
valve to fuel control unit.
b. Depress MOTORING pushbutton. Gas
generator will start to rotate. If it does not,
refer to packagers manual for supply pressure
to starter.
c. Hold MOTORING pushbutton closed
until gas generator speed stabilizes, and check
for oil pressure. If there is no indication of oil
pressure, release MOTORING pushbutton;
while gas generator is coasting down, loosen
oil fittings at lube pump to bleed air from sys-
tem. Starter should motor gas generator to
minimum of 2200 rpm.
d. Repeat motoring and bleeding proce-
dure until an indication of oil pressure appears.
8-2.10 False Start. Perform false start as
follows:
a. With ignition leads disconnected and
manual gas valve closed, make automatic start
of gas turbine per packagers manual.
b. Gas generator should go through nor-
mal start cycle and then abort because of lack
of flame.
Change 4 I-19
GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
8-2.11 Governor Check. Check governor
system per packagers manual.
8-2.12 Wet Prestart. Perform wet prestart as
follows:
a. With ignition lead disconnected, but
with manual gas valve open and governing
system operating, make automatic start of gas
generator per packagers manual.
b. Gas generator should accelerate to
light-off speed (1100 to 1300 rpm). Fuel valve
should open and fuel manifold pressure should
be approximately 3 psig (21 kPa). Adjust fuel
supply if required. Start will then abort
because of lack of flame.
c. Allow gas generator to coast to stop;
then motor it to purge any remaining natural
gas from gas generator. Remain on the starter
for 60 seconds to purge fuel from the gas
turbine.
8-2.13 Manual Start and Operation. Per-
form manual start per packagers manual with
fuel valve open and with ignition lead con-
nected. Refer to Table 5.
NOTE
Power turbine, except in a new installa-
tion, will be rotating when gas genera-
tor idle speed is attained.
I-20 Change 4
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CAUTION
DO NOT EXCEED 7000 RPM NGG
AND 30 SECONDS OF GAS TUR-
BINE OPERATION WITHOUT
POWER TURBINE ROTATION.
FOR EARLY MODEL GAS TUR-
BINES THAT HAVE TIGHTER LPT
BLADE TIP CLEARANCES, DO
NOT EXCEED 6000 RPM NGG AND
30 SECONDS OF GAS TURBINE
OPERATION WITHOUT POWER
TURBINE ROTATION.
a. The power turbine must rotate by the
time the gas generator speed reaches 7000 rpm
NGG. If power turbine speed indication is not
obtained and it is determined that a thermal
seizure of the power turbine has occurred,
proceed as follows:
NOTE
Thermal seizure of the power turbine
rotor can occur when a hot gas turbine
is shut down and is most likely to occur
within 30 to 40 minutes following gas
turbine operation. Thermal seizure is
the condition where the power turbine
rotor is prevented from rotating by hard
contact between LPT blades and
shrouds, interstage seals and other
internal interference. This condition is
the result of unequal cooling rates of
the various power turbine components.
The possibility of thermal seizures can
be reduced by operating the gas turbine
at idle power for at least five minutes
prior to shutdown to achieve proper
cooling of the power turbine.
(1) Shutdown gas turbine.

(2) Immediately after the gas turbine
stops rotating, re-start and stabilize at idle
speed (4950 50 rpm) for 30 seconds.
(3) Repeat steps (1) and (2) for two
additional start-up and shutdown cycles.
(4) If the power turbine does not
rotate after accomplishing substeps (1) through
(3), shut down the gas turbine.
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GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
(5) Immediately after gas turbine
rotation stops, re-start and accelerate to
7000 rpm NGG maximum and stabilize for
30 seconds. If the power turbine still does not
rotate, shut down and investigate/correct the
cause. During the investigation for the cause of
a thermally seized rotor, inspect the LPT
blades in stages 4, 5 and 6 for shingling and
unlatching. If blades have become unlatched,
they may be relatched. LPT blades that have
encountered shingling may be bent thereby
necessitating replacement of the power
turbine.
CAUTION
FOR EARLY MODEL GAS TUR-
BINES THAT HAVE TIGHTER LPT
BLADE TIP CLEARANCES, DO
NOT EXCEED 6000 RPM NGG AND
30 SECONDS OF GAS TURBINE
OPERATION WITHOUT POWER
TURBINE ROTATION.
Change 4 I-21
GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
Table 5. START-UP AND OPERATION

Step Corrective Action for

No. Procedure Normal Results Abnormal Results

1. Assure that prestart checks Automatic shutdown (trip)

are completed per Table 4 at 1450F (788C). Refer to
Table 3
CAUTION
IF T5.4 RAPIDLY APPROACHES OR EXCEEDS 1438F (781C), ABORT START.

NOTE
A start may be aborted at any time by closing the fuel valve, allowing gas generator to
motor for 60 seconds, then closing the starter shutoff valve.
2. Open starter shutoff valve GG rotation Close valve
NOTE
If purge cycle is required, NGG in step 3 may be revised.

3. At 1100 to 1300 rpm NGG

a. Ignition on
b. Fuel valve open Fuel manifold pressure
approximately 3 psig
c. Note time to lightoff 20 seconds maximum Abort start-automatic
(T5.4 above 400F - shutdown
204C) 1200 rpm
4. Note time to 4500 200 rpm 90 seconds maximum Troubleshoot system and
NGG take corrective action if rpm
stops accelerating or it takes
longer than 90 sec to reach
4300 rpm

I-22 Change 4

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Table 5. START-UP AND OPERATION - (Cont.)
Step
No. Procedure
5. At 4300 to 4700 rpm NGG
a. Starter shutoff valve,
close automatically
b. Switch ignition off
c. Check oil pressure
6. Note time to 5000 rpm NGG
7. At idle, check the following:
a. Oil pressure
b. Maximum NGG with
power turbine seizure
(thermal seizure)
c. NGG
d. T5.4
e. NPT (unloaded)
f. Gas generator vibration
g. Power turbine vibration
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GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
Corrective Action for
Normal Results Abnormal Results
Valve closed Close fuel valve and allow
gas generator to motor for
60 seconds; then shut off
starter
Indication Recheck at idle
See applicable figures in Shutdown if below 6 psig
Chapter 5 (41 kPa)
7000 rpm NGG maximum Shut down and investigate/
for 30 seconds (for early correct cause per
model gas turbines that have paragraph 8-2.13
tighter LPT blade tip clear-
ances, do not exceed 6000
rpm NGG and 30 seconds of
gas turbine operation with-
out power turbine rotation)
5000 rpm 250 rpm Adjust
1000F (538C) maximum Emergency shutdown,
Table 7
1600-1900 rpm
0 to 3 mils DA Alarm at 4 mils. Automatic
normal shutdown. If above 7
mils. Troubleshoot and take
corrective action
0 to 6 mils DA Alarm at 7 mils. Automatic
normal shutdown if above
10 mils. Troubleshoot and
take corrective action
Change 4 I-23
GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
Table 5. START-UP AND OPERATION - (Cont.)

Step Corrective Action for

No. Procedure Normal Results Abnormal Results

h. Compressor inlet tem- Approximately equal to Troubleshoot sensing and

perature (T2) outside air temperature indicating system. Correct
as required
i. Check for fuel or oil No leaks allowed Correct as required
leaks
8. Set desired power setting. 1438F (781C) maximum Correct as required. Refer to
Observe T5.4 during tran- figure 1
sient operation
9. After stabilizing at a new
power setting, read and
record the following:
a. T5.4 1438F (781C) *

b. NGG 9850 rpm maximum *

c. NPT 3600 rpm maximum *

d. Oil pressure See applicable table and Emergency or automatic

figures in Chapter 5 shutdown if 5 psig (34 kPa)
out of limits
e. Scavenge oil temperature 215F to 275F Automatic shutdown if
(102 to 135C) above 340F (171C)
f. Gas generator vibration 3 mils maximum *
4 mils (Alarm) Troubleshoot
7 mils (Trip) Emergency or automatic
shutdown
g. Power turbine vibration 7 mils maximum (Alarm) *
10 mils maximum (Trip) Emergency or automatic
shutdown
h. Fuel manifold inlet 350 5 psig **
pressure (2413 35 kPa)
i. Fuel inlet temperature -65 to 150F **
(-54 to +66C)
j. Scavenge oil filter P Refer to packagers manual

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 GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
Table 5. START-UP AND OPERATION - (Cont.)

Step Corrective Action for

No. Procedure Normal Results Abnormal Results
k. Lube oil supply filter P Refer to packagers manual
l. T2 Approximately equal to out- **
side air temperature
m. Stator vane angle See applicable figure in Correct as required per
WP 118 00 WP 118 00
* Reduce power to stay within limits. If reducing power does not bring parameters within
limits, shutdown.
** If all other parameters are normal, correct discrepancy at next opportunity.

Change 4 I-25

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GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
Table 6. GAS TURBINE SHUTDOWN

Step Corrective Action for

No. Procedure Normal Results Abnormal Results

1. Set gas turbine at idle power Gas generator decelerates Emergency shutdown
(unloaded)
2. After stabilizing for 3 min-
utes, read and record the
following:
a. Oil pressure See applicable figure in Automatic normal shutdown
Chapter 5 if below 8 psig
b. NGG 4950-5050 rpm Adjust

c. T5.4 1000F (538C) maximum Troubleshoot and take

corrective action
d. NPT (unloaded) 1600-1900 rpm

e. Gas generator vibration 3 mils maximum Alarm at 4 mils. Automatic

f. Power turbine vibration
g. Fuel inlet temperature
h. Scavenge oil filter P
i. Lube oil supply filter P Refer to packagers manual
3. After stabilizing at idle for
5 minutes, close fuel valves
4. Observe T5.4 for 3 minutes
after shut down
6 mils maximum
-65 to 150F (-54 to 66C)
Refer to packagers manual
T5.4 drops below 400F
(204C) NGG and NPT
decelerate and stop
700F (371C) Motor gas turbine and shut
normal shut down if above
7 mils. Troubleshoot and
take corrective action
Alarm at 7 mils. Automatic
normal shut down if above
10 mils. Troubleshoot and
take corrective action
Shut off fuel supply
off fuel supply. Continue
motoring until temperature
decreases

I-26 Change 4

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 GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
Table 7. EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN

Step Corrective Action for

No. Procedure Normal Results Abnormal Results

CAUTION
DELETED.
1. Conditions permitting, T5.4 drops below 400F Manual shut off fuel supply
decelerate gas turbine to idle (204C) and NGG and NPT
and close fuel valves decelerate
2. Observe T5.4 for 3 minutes 700F (371C) max. Motor gas turbine. Con-
after shutdown tinue motoring until temper-
ature decreases
3. If an emergency shutdown
from a high power setting
(T5.4) greater than 1150F
(621C) has occurred, and a
hot restart is required,
refer to Chapter 4,
paragraph 4-11.
a. Deleted.
b. Deleted.
c. Deleted.

8-2.14 Operation to Maximum Power. tions are not within limits, consult the local
General Electric Company representative.
CAUTION
b. Operate gas turbine up to rated power,
MANUAL OPERATION MAY if possible, but do not exceed exhaust gas tem-
ELIMINATE CERTAIN PROTEC- perature (T5.4) limit. Hold at this power setting
TIVE CIRCUITS. OPERATING LIM-
until all temperatures stabilize. If governing
ITS SHALL NOT BE EXCEEDED.
system is unstable, adjust per packagers
manual.
a. Slowly increase manual control setting
(refer to packagers manual) to increase gas
c. Log all instrument readings once they
generator speed. After each 500 rpm increase,
stabilize. Refer to Table 5, step 9.
log all instrument readings, paying particular
attention to variable stator vane position and
d. Reduce gas generator speed to idle.
vibration. If variable stator system is not
After stabilizing for three minutes, record all
within limits, adjust it per WP 118 00. If vibra-
instrument readings. Refer to Table 6, step 2.
Change 4 I-27

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GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
e. Check fail-safe section of control sys- 8-3.3 Operation.
tem per packagers manual.
WARNING
f. After gas turbine has been stabilized at
idle for five minutes, make normal shut-down. WHEN ENTERING THE GAS TUR-
Refer to Table 6, steps 3 and 4. BINE ENCLOSURE, THE FOLLOW-
ING REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE
8-2.15 Automatic Operation. Check auto- MET:
matic operation per packagers manual.
THE GAS TURBINE SHALL BE
a. Accelerate to idle. SHUT DOWN.
ENCLOSURE ENTRY DURING
b. Accelerate to rated power. ENGINE OPERATION IS PRO-
HIBITED IN GENERAL. IF
c. Log all instrument readings. ENTRY SHOULD BE
REQUIRED DURING ENGINE
d. Decelerate to idle. OPERATION, CONTACT GE
FIELD SERVICE FOR A REPRE-
e. Check for fuel or lube oil leaks. SENTATIVE WHO IS TRAINED
TO ENTER THE ENCLOSURE
f. After a total of five minutes at idle, UNDER SUCH CONDITIONS.
shut down gas turbine.
THE FIRE EXTINGUISHING
g. Check lube oil and fuel filters and SYSTEM SHALL BE MADE
strainers; clean or replace as necessary. INACTIVE ACCORDING TO
THE CUSTOMERS PROCE-
h. Correct any leaks observed. DURES.

i. Remove all temporary instrumentation. SECONDARY AIR TO THE

ENCLOSURE SHALL BE SHUT
j. Check gas turbine and mounting sys- OFF. HIGH SECONDARY AIR-
tem for loose parts; tighten as necessary. FLOW MAY PREVENT OPEN-
ING OR CLOSING THE
8-3 NORMAL OPERATION. ENCLOSURE DOOR.
THE ENCLOSURE DOOR
8-3.1 General. Normal operation is the rou- SHALL BE KEPT OPEN. IF THE
tine operation of an installed gas turbine. For GAS TURBINE IS OPERATING,
directions in the use of manual or automatic AN OBSERVER SHALL BE STA-
operation for normal operation, refer to pack- TIONED AT THE ENCLOSURE
agers manual. DOOR AND CONFINED SPACE
ENTRY PROCEDURES SHALL
8-3.2 Interlocks. Refer to packagers man- BE FOLLOWED.
ual for description of interlocks which affect
gas turbine operation.

I-28 Change 4

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 GEK 97310
VOLUME I
ADDENDUM I
ALLOW THE GAS TURBINE TO 8-4 EMERGENCY OPERATION.
COOL DOWN. AVOID CON-
TACT WITH HOT PARTS, AND 8-4.1 Emergency Shutdown.
WEAR THERMALLY INSU-
LATED GLOVES AS NECES- a. In an emergency, the gas generator may
SARY. be shut down from any power setting by clos-
ing the fuel valve. However, this should only
EAR PROTECTION SHALL BE be done in an emergency, since rapid shutdown
WORN IF GAS TURBINE IS will decrease life of gas generator.
OPERATING.
DO NOT REMAIN IN THE b. Emergency shutdown shall be made
ENCLOSURE OR IN THE per Table 7.
PLANE OF ROTATION OF THE
STARTER WHEN STARTING OR 8-4.2 Post Shutdown Fire.
MOTORING THE GAS TUR-
BINE. a. During a normal shutdown, exhaust
gas temperature should decrease. If during
a. When entering enclosure wear proper time gas generator is coasting to stop, tempera-
ear protection. ture increases instead of decreases, it indicates
that combustion is still taking place because of
b. Start and operate the gas turbine per a leaking fuel valve. (A slight temperature
Table 5. Do not exceed operating limits of increase after rotation stops is normal.) Make
Table 3. certain fuel is shut off, and motor the gas gen-
c. Shut down the gas turbine per Table 6. erator. This will blow out the fire. As soon as
temperature decreases to normal, discontinue
d. Emergency shut down the gas turbine motoring.
per Table 7.
e. Refer to Chapter 5, paragraph 5-3.30
and 5-3.31, for lube correction factors and lube
supply pressure characteristics. (See tables
5-22, 5-23, 5-26, and 5-27, and figures 5-36,
5-37, 5-40, 5-41, 5-44, 5-46, 5-48, and 5-50).
f. Idle lube oil pressure is 29 psig maxi-
mum after five minutes stabilization.
g. The corrected operating pressure of the
lube oil shall be per applicable table in
Chapter 5 at standard conditions of 9000 rpm
gas generator speed and 150F lube pump dis-
charge temperature. Oil pressure measured at
conditions other than standard shall be cor-
rected to standard conditions using applicable
table in Chapter 5.

Change 4 I-29/(I-30 Blank)

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