HTML5

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HTML5
(HyperText Markup Language)

Filename HTML: .html, .htm

extension XHTML: .xhtml, .xht, .xml

Internet media HTML: text/html

type XHTML: application/xhtml+xml,
application/xml

Type code TEXT

Uniform Type public.html

Identifier

Developed by W3C HTML WG, WHATWG

Type of format Markup language

Standard(s)  WHATWG Editor's draft

 W3C Editor's draft

HTML5 is currently under development as the next major revision of the HTML standard. Like its immediate
predecessors, HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.1, HTML5 is a standard for structuring and presenting content on
the World Wide Web. The new standard incorporates features like video playback and drag-and-drop that
have been previously dependent on third-party browser plug-ins such as Adobe Flash, Microsoft Silverlight,
and Google Gears.

Contents
[hide]

• 1 W3C standardization process

• 2 Markup

• 3 New APIs

• 4 Differences from HTML 4.01 and XHTML

1.x
 • 5 Error handling

• 6 See also

• 7 References

• 8 External links

[ edit]W3C standardization process

The Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) started work on the specification in
June 2004 under the name Web Applications 1.0.[1] As of March 2010, the specification is in the Draft
Standard state at the WHATWG, and in Working Draft state at the W3C. Ian Hickson of Google, Inc. is the
editor of HTML5.[2]

The HTML5 specification was adopted as the starting point of the work of the new HTML working group of
the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 2007. This working group published the First Public Working
Draft of the specification on January 22, 2008.[3] The specification is an ongoing work, and is expected to
remain so for many years, although parts of HTML5 are going to be finished and implemented in browsers
before the whole specification reaches final Recommendation status.[4]

According to the W3C timetable, it is estimated that HTML5 will reach W3C Recommendation by late 2010.
However, the First Public Working Draft estimate was missed by 8 months, and Last Call and Candidate
Recommendation were expected to be reached in 2008,[5] but as of July 2010 HTML5 is still at Working
Draft stage in the W3C.[6] HTML5 has been at Last Call in the WHATWG since October 2009.[7]

Ian Hickson, editor of the HTML5 specification, expects the specification to reach the Candidate
Recommendation stage during 2012.[8] The criteria for the specification becoming a W3C
Recommendation is “two 100% complete and fully interoperable implementations”.[8] In an interview with
TechRepublic, Hickson guessed that this would occur in the year 2022 or later.[9] However, many parts of
the specification are stable and may be implemented in products:

Some sections are already relatively stable and there are implementations that are already quite close to

completion, and those features can be used today (e.g. <canvas>).

– WHAT Working Group, When will HTML5 be finished?[8], FAQ

[ edit]Markup
HTML
 HTML and HTML5
 Dynamic HTML
 XHTML
 XHTML Mobile Profile and C-
HTML
 Canvas element
 Character encodings
 Document Object Model
 Font family
 HTML editor
 HTML element
 HTML Frames
 HTML5 video
 HTML scripting
 Web browser engine
 Quirks mode
 Style sheets
 Unicode and HTML
 W3C and WHATWG
 Web colors
 WebGL
 Web Storage
 Comparison of
  document markup
languages
 web browsers
 layout engines for
 HTML
 HTML5
 HTML5
Canvas
 HTML5
Media
 Non-standard
HTML
 XHTML
This box: view • talk • edit

HTML5 introduces a number of new elements and attributes that reflect typical usage on modern websites.
Some of them are semantic replacements for common uses of generic block (<div>) and inline (<span>)
elements, for example <nav> (website navigation block) and <footer> (usually referring to bottom of

web page or to last lines of html code). Other elements provide new functionality through a standardized
interface, such as the multimedia elements <audio> and <video>.[10][11][12] Some deprecated elements

from HTML 4.01 have been dropped, including purely presentational elements such
as <font> and <center>, whose effects are achieved using Cascading Style Sheets. There is also a

renewed emphasis on the importance of DOM scripting (e.g., JavaScript) in Web behavior.

The HTML5 syntax is no longer based on SGML despite the similarity of its markup. It has, however, been
designed to be backward compatible with common parsing of older versions of HTML. It comes with a new
introductory line that looks like an SGML document type declaration, <!DOCTYPE html>, which enables

standards-compliant rendering in all browsers that use "DOCTYPE sniffing".

HTML5 also incorporates Web Forms 2.0, another WHATWG specification.

[ edit]New APIs
In addition to specifying markup, HTML5 specifies scripting application programming interfaces (APIs).
[13]
Existing document object model (DOM) interfaces are extended and de facto features documented.
There are also new APIs, such as:

 The canvas element for immediate mode 2D drawing. See Canvas 2D API
Specification 1.0 specification [14]
  Timed media playback

 Offline storage database (offline web applications). See Web Storage [15]

 Document editing

 Drag-and-drop

 Cross-document messaging[16]

 Browser history management

 MIME type and protocol handler registration.

 Microdata

 Geolocation

 Local SQL Database.[17] Web SQL Database

 Indexed hierarchical key-value store (formerly WebSimpleDB).[18] Indexed

Database API

Some of the new features are part of HTML5 and some are maintained in separate specifications.[19]

[ edit]Differences from HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.x

The following is a cursory list of differences and some specific examples.

 New parsing rules: oriented towards flexible parsing and compatibility; not
based on SGML

 Ability to use inline SVG and MathML in text/html

 New elements: article, aside, audio, canvas, command, datal

ist, details, embed, figcaption, figure, footer, header, hgr
oup, keygen, mark, meter, nav, output,progress, rp, rt, ruby,
section, source, summary, time, video, wbr

 New types of form controls: dates and

times, email, url, search, color[20]

 New attributes: ping (on a and area), charset (on meta), async (on
script)

 Global attributes (that can be applied for every

element): id, tabindex, hidden, data-* (custom data attributes)

 Forms will get support for PUT and DELETE methods too instead of just
GET and POST (see Representational State Transfer for use cases)
  Deprecated elements will be dropped
altogether: acronym, applet, basefont, big, center, dir, font, f
rame, frameset, isindex, noframes, s, strike, tt, u

dev.w3.org provides the latest Editors Draft (last dated 24 June 2010) of HTML5 differences from
HTML4[21] which provides a complete outline of additions, removals and changes between HTML5.

[ edit]Error handling
An HTML5 (text/html) browser will be flexible in handling incorrect syntax. HTML5 is designed so that old
browsers can safely ignore new HTML5 constructs. In contrast to HTML 4.01, the HTML5 specification
gives detailed rules for lexing and parsing, with the intent that different compliant browsers will produce the
same result in the case of incorrect syntax.[22] Although HTML5 now defines a consistent behavior for "tag
soup" documents, those documents are not regarded as conforming to the HTML5 standard.[22]

[ edit]See also
 HTML5 video

 Comparison of layout engines (HTML5)

 Microdata (HTML5)

 HTTP(P2P)

 CSS 3

[ edit]References
1. ^ "[whatwg] WHAT open mailing list announcement". Lists.whatwg.org.
Retrieved 2010-03-04.

2. ^ "HTML 5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML

(Editor's Draft).". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 2010-04-12.

3. ^ "HTML 5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and

XHTML.". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 2009-01-28.

4. ^ "When will HTML5 be finished?". WHATWG. WHATWG Wiki. Retrieved

2009-09-10.

5. ^ "HTML Working Group". W3.org. Retrieved 2010-03-04.

6. ^ "HTML 5". W3.org. 2009-08-25. Retrieved 2010-03-04.

7. ^ "[whatwg] HTML5 at Last Call (at the WHATWG)". Lists.whatwg.org.

Retrieved 2010-03-04.

8. ^ a b c "When will HTML5 be finished?". FAQ. WHAT Working Group.

Retrieved 2009-11-29.
 9. ^ "HTML 5 Editor Ian Hickson discusses features, pain points, adoption
rate, and more". Retrieved 2010-06-21.

10. ^ Introduction to HTML5 video

11. ^ IBM Developer Works New elements in HTML5: Structure and

semantics

12. ^ ICAMD.org Finalcut Silverlight Films that Videographers share

Quicktime in a Flash : Video on the Web using HTML5 and other Codecs

13. ^ HTML5 differences from HTML4 – APIs W3.org

14. ^ Canvas 2D API Specification 1.0 W3.org

15. ^ Web Storage Specification W3.org

16. ^ HTML5 Web Messaging W3.org

17. ^ Web SQL Database W3.org

18. ^ Indexed Database W3.org

19. ^ Hickson, Ian (2008-10-27). "HTML5 Specification – List of sections and

corresponding work estimates". public-html@w3.org mailing list.

Retrieved 2008-12-10.

20. ^ "HTML5: input type=color – color-well control (NEW)". w3.org.

Retrieved 2010-08-06.

21. ^ "HTML5 differences from HTML4". FAQ. W3.org. 2010-06-10.

Retrieved 2010-06-13.

22. ^ a b "FAQ – WHATWG Wiki". WHATWG. Retrieved 2008-02-25.

[ edit]External links
 WHAT Working Group and Editor's draft

 W3C HTML Working Group and Editor's draft

 W3C HTML 5: The Markup Language and HTML 5 Reference

 W3C HTML Design Principles

 W3C HTML5 differences from HTML4

 Compatibility tables for features in HTML5, CSS3, SVG and other

upcoming web technologies

 HTML5 Unleashed: Tips, Tricks and Techniques

 HTML5 demo

 HTML5 Quick Reference Guide

  HTML5 test for your browser
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