Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
TRIAC
electrical4u.com/triac/
ONLINEELECTRICALENGINEERINGSTUDYSITE
Previous
Next
TriacisathreeterminalACswitchwhichisdifferentfromtheother
siliconcontrolledrectifiersinthesensethatitcanconductinboththedirectionsthatiswhethertheappliedgate
signalispositiveornegative,itwillconduct.Thus,thisdevicecanbeusedforACsystemsasaswitch.Thisisathree
terminal,fourlayer,bidirectionalsemiconductordevicethatcontrolsACpower.Thetriacofmaximumratingof16
kwisavailableinthemarket.Figureshowsthesymbolof
triac,whichhastwomainterminalsMT 1andMT 2
connectedininverseparallelandagateterminal.
ConstructionofTriac
TwoSCRsareconnectedininverseparallelwithgate
terminalascommon.Gateterminalsisconnectedtoboth
theNandPregionsduetowhichgatesignalmaybe
appliedwhichisirrespectiveofthepolarityofthesignal.
Here,wedonothaveanodeandcathodesinceitworks
forboththepolaritieswhichmeansthatdeviceisbilateral.
Itconsistsofthreeterminalsnamely,mainterminal
1(MT 1),mainterminal2(MT 2),andgateterminalG.Figure
showstheconstructionofatriac.Therearetwomain
terminalsnamelyMT 1andMT 2andtheremaining
terminalisgateterminal.
OperationofTriac
Thetriaccanbeturnedonbyapplyingthegatevoltage
higherthanbreakovervoltage.However,withoutmaking
thevoltagehigh,itcanbeturnedonbyapplyingthegate
pulseof35microsecondstoturniton.Whenthevoltage
appliedislessthanthebreakovervoltage,weusegate
triggeringmethodtoturniton.Therearefourdifferentmodesofoperations,theyare
http://www.electrical4u.com/triac/ 1/5
9/22/2016 TRIAC|Electrical4u
4.WhenMT 2isNegativebutGateisPositivewithRespect
toMT 1P2N2isforwardbiasedatthatcondition.Current
carriersareinjectedsothetriacturnson.Thismodeof
operationhasadisadvantagethatitshouldnotbeused
forhigh(di/dt)circuits.Sensitivityoftriggeringinmode2
and3ishighandifmarginaltriggeringcapabilityis
required,negativegatepulsesshouldbeused.
Triggeringinmode1ismoresensitivethanmode2and
mode3.
CharacteristicsofaTriac
ThetriaccharacteristicsissimilartoSCRbutitisapplicable
tobothpositiveandnegativetriacvoltages.Theoperation
canbesummarizedasfollows
FirstQuadrantOperationofTriac
VoltageatterminalMT 2ispositivewithrespecttoterminal
MT 1andgatevoltageisalsopositivewithrespecttofirst
terminal.
SecondQuadrantOperationofTriac
Voltageatterminal2ispositivewithrespecttoterminal1and
gatevoltageisnegativewithrespecttoterminal1.
ThirdQuadrantOperationofTriac
Voltageofterminal1ispositivewithrespecttoterminal2andthegatevoltageisnegative.
FourthQuadrantOperationofTriac
Voltageofterminal2isnegativewithrespecttoterminal1andgatevoltageispositive.
http://www.electrical4u.com/triac/ 2/5
9/22/2016 TRIAC|Electrical4u
Whenthedevicegetsturnedon,aheavycurrentflowsthroughitwhichmaydamagethedevice,henceinorderto
limitthecurrentacurrentlimitingresistorshouldbeconnectedexternallytoit.Byapplyingpropergatesignal,firing
angleofthedevicemaybecontrolled.Thegatetriggeringcircuitsshouldbeusedforpropergatetriggering.Wecan
usediacfortriggeringthegatepulse.Forfiringofthedevicewithproperfiringangle,agatepulsemaybeapplied
uptoadurationof35microseconds.
AdvantagesofTriac
1.Itcanbetriggeredwithpositiveornegativepolarityofgatepulses.
2.Itrequiresonlyasingleheatsinkofslightlylargersize,whereasforSCR,twoheatsinksshouldberequired
ofsmallersize.
3.Itrequiressinglefuseforprotection.
4.AsafebreakdownineitherdirectionispossiblebutforSCRprotectionshouldbegivenwithparalleldiode.
DisadvantagesofTriac
1.TheyarenotmuchreliablecomparedtoSCR.
2.Ithas(dv/dt)ratinglowerthanSCR.
3.LowerratingsareavailablecomparedtoSCR.
4.Weneedtobecarefulaboutthetriggeringcircuitasitcanbetriggeredineitherdirection.
UsesofTriac
1.Theyareusedincontrolcircuits.
2.ItisusedinHighpowerlampswitching.
3.ItisusedinACpowercontrol.
Previous
http://www.electrical4u.com/triac/ 3/5
9/22/2016 TRIAC|Electrical4u
Next
CloselyRelatedArticles
BipolarJunctionTransistororBJT|NPNorPNPTransistorApplicationTheoryBiasingAmplifier
ApplicationsofBipolarJunctionTransistororBJT|HistoryofBJT
BiasingofBipolarJunctionTransistor|BJTorBipolarTransistorBiasing
JFETorJunctionFieldEffectTransistor
QuestionsonJFETorJunctionFieldEffectTransistor
DIACConstructionOperationandApplicationsofDIAC
TransistorasSwitch
ApplicationofFieldEffectTransistor
TypesofTransistors
TransistorCharacteristics
TransistorBiasing
Phototransistor
nchannelJFETandpchannelJFET
MoreRelatedArticles
Opamp|WorkingPrincipleofOpamp
AmplifierGain|DecibelordBGain
IntegratedCircuits|TypesofIC
RegulatedPowerSupply
Laser|TypesandComponentsofLaser
WorkFunction
InvertingAmplifier
MobilityofChargeCarrier
WhatarePhotoElectrons?
ElectronvoltoreV
EnergyQuanta|DevelopmentofQuantumPhysics
WaveParticleDualityPrinciple
HeisenbergUncertaintyPrinciple
SchrodingerWaveEquationandWaveFunction
CyclotronBasicConstructionandWorkingPrinciple
Diode|WorkingPrincipleandTypesofDiode
DiodeCharacteristics
WhatisZenerDiode?
ApplicationofZenerDiode
VacuumDiodeHistoryWorkingPrincipleandTypesofVacuumDiode
pnJunctionDiodeandCharacteristicsofpnJunction
FullWaveDiodeRectifier
HalfWaveDiodeRectifier
PINPhotodiode|AvalanchePhotoDiode
LEDorLightEmittingDiode
TunnelDiodeanditsApplications
GUNNDiode
VaractorDiode
LaserDiode
FullWaveRectifiers
BridgeRectifiers
MOSFET|WorkingPrincipleofpchannelnchannelMOSFET
http://www.electrical4u.com/triac/ 4/5
9/22/2016 TRIAC|Electrical4u
MOSFETCircuits
MOSCapacitor|MOSCapacitanceCVCurve
ApplicationsofMOSFET
MOSFETasaSwitch
DiodeBridgeRectifier
TheoryofSemiconductor
IntrinsicSemiconductor
ExtrinsicSemiconductors
EnergyBandsofSilicon
DonorandAcceptorImpuritiesinSemiconductor
ConductivityofSemiconductor
CurrentDensityinMetalandSemiconductor
IntrinsicSiliconandExtrinsicSilicon
PTypeSemiconductor
NTypeSemiconductor
PNJunctionTheoryBehindPNJunction
ForwardandReverseBiasofPNJunction
ZenerBreakdown
AvalancheBreakdown
HallEffectApplicationsofHallEffect
NewArticles
MOSFETasaSwitch
RelationshipofLineandPhaseVoltagesandCurrentsinaStarConnectedSystem
555Timerand555TimerWorking
BistableMultivibrator
MonostableMultivibrator
AstableMultivibrator
http://www.electrical4u.com/triac/ 5/5