Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges, General Santos City LAW ON OBLIGATION & CONTRACTS

IDENTIFICATION

A. OBLIGATION
1. It is the juridical relation which is created when something is received when there is no right to demand it
and it was unduly delivered through mistake.
2. It is one which contains an accessory undertaking to pay a previously stipulated indemnity in case of breach
of the principal prestation intended primarily to induce its fulllment.
3. It is that which takes place when the creditor accepts a third person to take the place of the debtor at the
instance of the latter.
4. It is the right or interest of a person over a specic thing (like ownership, possession, mortgage, lease
record) without a denite passive subject against whom the right may be personally enforced.
5. It is one wherein various prestations are due but the performance of one of them is sufciently determined
by the choice which, as a general rule, belongs to the debtor.
6. The obligation begins only from a day certain upon the arrival of the period.
7. It is solidarity on the part of the debtors, where anyone of them can be made liable for the fulllment of
the entire obligation. Its characteristics are plurality of debtors and unity of prestation.
8. It is one where the whole obligation is to be paid or fullled proportionately by the different debtors and/or
is to be demanded proportionately by the different creditors.
9. It is the right or power of a person (creditor) to demand from another (debtor), as a denite passive subject,
the fulllment of the latters obligation to give, to do, or not to do.
10. It binds or connects the parties to the obligation.
11. It is particularly designated or physically segregated from all others of the same class.
12. It is the assignment or abandonment of all the properties of the debtor for the benet of his creditors in
order that the latter may sell the same and apply the proceeds thereof to the satisfaction of their credits.
13. It is any extraordinary event which cannot be foreseen, or which, though foreseen, is inevitable.
14. It is understood to be that which must necessarily come, although it may not be known when.
15. It is solidarity on the part of the creditors, where anyone of them can demand the fulllment of the entire
obligation.
16. It is the designation of the debt to which should be applied the payment made by a debtor who has various
debts of the same kind in favor of one and the same creditor.
17. It is the conveyance of ownership of a thing by the debtor to creditor as an accepted equivalent of
performance of a monetary obligation.
18. It is a condition suspensive in nature and which depends upon the sole will of one of the contracting parties.
19. These are things joined to, or included with, the principal thing for the latters embellishment, better use,
or completion.
20. It is the conduct required to be observed by the debtor.
21. These are the spontaneous products of the soil, and the young and other products of animals.
22. It is an accessory undertaking attached to an obligation to assume greater liability on the part of the obligor
in case of breach of the obligation.
23. It is one which only one of the parties to the obligation is obliged to comply with a prestation.
24. It is the substitution of one person in the place of another with reference to a lawful claim or right, so that
he who is substituted succeeds to the right of the other in relation to a debt or claim, including its remedies
and securities.
25. It is an action to ask the court to rescind or impugn acts or contracts which the debtor may have done to
defraud him when he cannot in any other manner recover his claim.
26. It is a juridical necessity to give, to do or not to do.
27. It is the delay on the part of the creditor without justiable reason to accept the performance of the
obligation.
28. The condition that some event happens at a determinate time.
29. A sharp sudden increase in money or credit or both without a corresponding increase in business
transactions.
30. It is one the object of which, in its delivery or performance, is not capable of partial fulllment.

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Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges, General Santos City LAW ON OBLIGATION & CONTRACTS

31. It is one where each one of the debtors is bound to render, and/or each one of the creditors has a right to
demand entire compliance with the prestation.
32. It is any voluntary act or omission, there being no malice, which prevents the normal fulllment of an
obligation.
33. It is that which takes place when a third person of his own initiative and without the knowledge or against
the will of the original debtor assumes the latters obligation with the consent of the creditor.
34. These are those produced by lands of any kind through cultivation or labor and all products of lands
brought about by reason of human labor.
35. These are those which arise from the same cause and in which each party is a debtor and creditor of the
other, such that the performance of one is designed to be the equivalent and the condition for the
performance of the other.
36. The obligation is valid up to a day certain and terminates upon the arrival of the period.
37. A condition where the fulllment of which will give rise to an obligation (or right).
38. It is the gratuitous renunciation by the creditor of his right against the debtor resulting in the
extinguishment of the latters obligation in its entirely or in that part of the same to which the renunciation
refers.
39. The reduction in volume in circulation of the medium of exchange.
40. It is one where only one prestation has been agreed upon but the obligor may render another in
substitution.
41. The condition that some event will not happen at a determinate time.
42. It is the voluntary management of the property or affairs of another without the knowledge or consent of
the latter.
43. It is a future and uncertain event, upon the happening of which, the effectivity or extinguishment of an
obligation (or rights) subject to it depends.
44. It means not only the delivery of money but also the performance, in any other manner, of an obligation.
45. It is that currency which a debtor can legally compel a creditor to accept in payment of a debt in money
when tendered by the debtor in the right amount.
46. It never perishes.
47. These are those derived by virtue of a juridical relation.
48. A condition where the fulllment of which will extinguish an obligation (or right) already existing.
49. It is the act of depositing the thing or amount due with the proper court when the creditor does not desire,
or refuses to accept payment, or cannot receive it, after complying with the formalities required by law.
50. It is the meeting in one person of the qualities of creditor and debtor with respect to the same obligation.
51. It is the act, on the part of the debtor, of offering to the creditor the thing or amount due.
52. It is the extinguishment to the concurrent amount of the debts of two persons who, in their own right, are
reciprocally principal debtors and creditors of each other.
53. It is the total or partial extinction of an obligation through the creation of a new one which substitutes it.
54. It is that juridical relation resulting from certain lawful, voluntary and unilateral acts by virtue of which the
parties become bound to each other to the end that no one will be unjustly enriched or beneted at the
expense of another.
55. It is an act or omission by a person which causes damage to another in his person, property, or rights giving
rise to an obligation to pay for the damage done, there being fault or negligence but there is no pre-existing
contractual relation between the parties.

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