INTERVENSI PPSMI SAINS SPM (WORKSHEET)

WORKSHEET

(I) IDENTIFYING VARIABLES ,MAKING HYPOTHESIS AND INFERENCE

1 Diagram 1 shows an experiment to study the relationship between length of

pendulum and the period of oscillation.

Diagram 1

State the variables in this experiment.

(i) Fixed/ constant/controlled: …………………………………

(ii) Manipulated: ………………………………………………………

(iii) Responding: ………………………………………………………

2 Diagram 2 shows an experiment to study the Bernoulli’s principle.

Diagram 2

State the variables in this experiment.

(i) Manipulated: ………………………………………………………

(ii) Responding: ………………………………………………………

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3 Diagram 3 shows an experiment to study the effects of nutrient deficiency on the

growth of green pea seedlings using four test tubes A,B,C and D containing
different culture solutions.

Diagram 3

(a) State the hypothesis for the experiment.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………...

(b) State the variables in this experiment.

(i) Fixed/ constant/controlled :…………………………………………..

(ii) Manipulated:………………………………………………………

(iii) Responding:……………………………………………………….

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4 Diagram 4 shows an experiment to study the effects of impurities on the boiling

point of ethanol.

Diagram 4

The results of the experiment are recorded in Table 1.

Substance Boiling Point//ºC

Pure ethanol 78

Pure ethanol + water …………

Table 1

(a) Based on the above experiment, complete Table 1.

(b) Write down one inference based on the results of this experiment.

………………………………………………………………………………….

(c) State the variables in this experiment.

(i) Manipulated: ………………………………………………………

(ii) Responding: ………………………………………………………

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B COMPLETING AND LABELING DIAGRAMS

1. Diagram 1 shows an impulse pathway. Name P, Q and R in the boxes

provided.

Diagram 1

2. Diagram 2 shows a cross section of an oil palm fruit.

Label parts Y and Z in Diagram 2.

Diagram 2

3. Label P, Q, R, S and T in Diagram 3.

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Diagram 3

4. Diagram 4 shows radioactive rays in an electric field.

Name radioactive rays P, Q and R in Diagram 4.

Diagram 4

5. Diagram 5 shows an experiment to study the formation of an image by a

concave lens.

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Complete Diagram 5 to show the formation of image by the concave lens.

(Notes : Ray diagrams must have arrows, at least 2 rays.
Virtual image should be drawn in dotted line.
Use ruler and sharp pencil for drawing diagram.)

Diagram 5

6. Diagram 6 shows part of a Nitrogen Cycle.

Diagram 6

(a) Complete the cycle above by identifying substance R in Diagram 6.

(b) Name the types of bacteria involved in processes P and Q.

(i) Process P:……………………………………………………

(ii) Process Q:……………………………………………………

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7. Diagram 7 shows a schematic diagram of a cross-breeding between a black fur

mouse and a white fur mouse.

Diagram 7

(a) Complete Diagram 7 by writing the possible genotype of the gametes and first
generation.

(b) What is the colour of the fur of the mice in the first generation?

………………………………………………………………………………….

8. Diagram 8 shows an object X placed in front of a pinhole camera.

Diagram 8
(a) Draw a ray diagram to show where the image of the object is formed in
Diagram 8.

(b) Name two characteristics of the image formed on the screen.

1. ……………………………………………………………………………..

2. ……………………………………………………………………………..

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C TABULATION OF DATA AND GRAPH DRAWING

1. The heights in centimetres of 40 pupils in Form 4 Merbau are shown as below

155 150 154 153 156 147 152 155

157 157 160 146 150 156 151 167
145 162 154 155 160 161 160 159
158 148 157 164 166 158 168 169
158 164 162 152 149 156 146 154

(a) Complete the table below by determining the number of pupils in each height group.

Height(cm) 145-149 150-154 155-159 160-164 165-169

Number of
pupils
Table 2

(b) Based on the results in Table 2, draw a histogram to show the height distribution of
the pupils in the class.
(Notes: Width of bar should be the same)

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2. A pupil has conducted a laboratory experiment to determine the boiling point of a

solution. The temperature is recorded every two minutes until it boils. Table 2
shows the results of the experiment.

Time/minute 0 2 4 6 8 10
Temperature/°C 28 48 68 88 102 102
Table 2

(a) Based on Table 2, draw a graph of temperature against time.

(b) What is the relationship between the temperature of the solution and time in the
first 6 minute.

Answer : The ______________ the time taken, the ____________ the temperature
is.
(Notes: Draw a smooth line graph/ free hand)

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3. A investigation on the ability of a group of students to roll their tongue was

carried out. Table 3 shows the results of the investigation.

The ability to roll the tongue Number of students

Able to roll the tongue 25
Unable to roll the tongue 10

Table 3

(a) Based on Table 3. draw a bar chart that represents the results.
Number of students

30

20

10

0
Ability to roll the tongue

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4. Table 4 shows the momentum of a trolley at different velocities.

Velocity(ms¯¹) 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

Momentum 0.1 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.35 0.40

(kg ms¯¹)
Table 4
(a) Based on the data in Table 4 , draw a graph of momentum against velocity.
(Notes :Draw a straight line graph using a ruler and pencil.
Double line graph is wrong.)
Momentum (kg ms¯¹)

0.4

0.3

(b) Based on the graph above, determine the momentum of the trolley when it is
0.2 moving at the velocity of 0.6 ms-1.

__________________________________________________________________
0.1 (Notes :Mark on the graph to show the answer)

0 Velocity(ms-1)
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

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5.
pH value Size of bacterial colony (mm)
3 0
4 1
5 4
6 8
7 12
9 4
11 0
Table 5
Table 5 shows the results of an experiment that studied the effects of pH values on
bacterial growth.

(a) Based on Table 5, draw a graph to show the relationship between the size of
bacterial colonies and pH values.

Size of
bacterial
colony
(mm)

12

10

2 4 6 8 10 12
pH Value

(b) 2 Determine the optimum pH for bacterial growth from the graph above.

________________________________________________________________________
(Notes : Only a value and not a range of value)

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IV GUIDED ESSAY QUESTIONS

Samples of question No. 10 ( Experimenting)

SAMPLE 1

1. Study the following statement ;

Convex lenses with different thickness have different focal length.

(MV) (RV)

(a) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statement. [1 mark]

(b) Using two convex lenses of different thickness and other apparatus, describe an
experiment to test your hypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria.

(i) Aim of the experiment [1 mark]

(ii) Identification of variables [2 marks]

(iii) List of apparatus [1 mark]

(iv) Procedure [4 marks]

(v) Tabulation of data [1 mark]

ANSWERS:

1. (a) Hypothesis :
 The (MV)___________________________ of convex lens affect its
(RV)__________________.
 The (MV)_____________________ the convex lens, the shorter the
(RV)__________________.

(b) (i) Aim :

To investigate/study the relationship between (MV)_____________________
and (RV)________________________.

(ii) Variables:
 Manipulated variables : _____________________________________

 Responding variables : ______________________________________

 Constant variables : ________________________________________

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(iii) Apparatus :
Two convex lens with different thickness, _________________________

___________________________________________________________

(iv) Procedure :
(Notes : 2 marks for setting up the apparatus,
1 mark for repeating the manipulated variable,
1 mark for stating the observations should be recorded,
Diagram drawn should be labeled )

(1) A _________________ is placed between a ______________and a distant

object outside the window.

(2) The __________________ is adjusted until a _____________________ is

formed on it.

(3) The __________________ between the lens and the _______________ is

measured.

(4) Steps (2) and (3) are repeated by using another _________________ with
different ________________.

(5) Results are __________ in the table below.

(v) Tabulation:

(MV) (RV)

Thick

Thin

SAMPLE 2

2. Study the following statement :

Bacteria grow well in a medium of suitable pH .

(RV) (MV)

You are provided with the following materials and substances:

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Boiling tubes, nutrient broth, dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1M), dilute sodium hydroxide
(0.1M) and all the apparatus needed

(c) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statement. [1 mark]

(d) Describe an experiment to test your hypothesis based on the following criteria.

(i) Aim of the experiment [1 mark]

(ii) Identification of variables [2 marks]

(iii) List of apparatus and materials [1 mark]

(iv) Procedure [4 marks]

(v) Tabulation of data [1 mark]

ANSWERS:

2. (a) Hypothesis :
 The (MV)___________________________ of a medium affects
(RV)__________________.

(b) (i) Aim :
To investigate/study the effect of (MV)_____________________ and
(RV)________________________.

(ii) Variables:
 Manipulated variables : _____________________________________

 Responding variables : ______________________________________

 Constant/fixed/controlled variables :
________________________________________

(iii) Apparatus and materials :

Three boiling tubes, __________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

(iv) Procedure :

1 Three sterilized boiling tubes – label

2 Tube A – fill- 5cm³ nutrient broth- 1cm³ bacteria culture- 1cm³ acid
3 Repeat Step 2 – Tube B and Tube C
4 Leave – days – observe cloudiness - record

(v) Tabulation:

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(MV) (RV)

Samples 0f question 11 and 12 (Understanding and application of Thinking Strategies

i.e making decisions, conceptualizing and problem solving.)

SAMPLE 1 Refer to SPM 2004

Section C
Q3 (a) State four differences between voluntary actions and involuntary action.

Voluntary actions Differences Involuntary actions

There is …………………… Action There is no …………………………

The response involves Response The response involves …………...

…………...…………………… ……………………………
Controlled by the …………... Control of Controlled by only the ……………..
and ……………………… Action ………………… or ………………..
The response can be ………..or Speed of The response is …………………. …..
……………….. response and ……………………..

(b) Figure 1 below shows several activities conducted by a student.

Conducting an experiment Writing

Action

Discussing Reading
Figure 1

Study the above activities. Explain how would you develop a concept based on the
information in Figure 1. Your explanation of the concept should include the following.

 Identify two common characteristics

(i) All the actions are controlled by _______________________
(ii) All the actions are under _____________________________

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 Develop initial concept

Actions controlled by ________________ and under one’s ___________is voluntary
action.
(Notes :’voluntary action’ must be at the end of the sentence)


Give another example and one non-example in relation to the concept. Give a
reason for each example.
Example : ______________________________________________________________

Reason : ________________________________________________________________

Non-example : __________________________________________________________

Reason : ________________________________________________________________

 Explain the actual concept

Voluntary actions are controlled by ______________ and under one’s _____________ .
SAMPLE 2 Refer to SPM 2006
Q12
(a) Draw a block diagram of a radio receiver system and state the function of any two of its
parts. ( 4m)

Aerial - ……………………………………………………………………………………

Tuner - …………………………………………………………………………………….

Demodulator - ……………………………………………………………………………

Amplifier ………………………………………………………………………………….

Loudspeaker - …………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Diagram 12 shows three communication instruments which use radio waves.

 Identify 2 common characteristics of a radio wave.

(i) Sending information very _____________

(ii) Can transfer information through _____________
(iii) Can carry _______________

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 Develop an initial concept of a radio wave.

A wave which can _______________________________________________and ____________

___________________________ is a radio wave.

 Give one example of a communication instrument which uses radio waves

and one which does not use radio waves.
One instrument which uses radio wave: __________________________________________

One which does not use radio wave : ____________________________________________

 Give one reason for the above choice.

Handphone can ___________________________________________while _________________
cannot.

SAMPLE 3 Refer to SPM 2005

Q12
(a) A farmer finds the produce from his fruit farm increases.
The fruit is sent to a factory to be processed.
State two methods that can be used to process the fruit.
Explain the methods.

Two fruit processing methods:

(i) Canning
 The fruits are ___________________ , ________________ and heated
in concentrated ________________ .
 Concentrated _____________ retard the growth of _______________ .
 Fruits will _____________________________

(ii) Preservation and drying

 The fruits are cleaned, cut and soaked in concentrated ____________ ,
____________________ and ___________________ .
 Most microorganisms cannot live in low _________

(b) The fruit farm is situated on hillsides.

After several years soil erosion takes place on his farm.
Explain how the farmer overcomes the soil problem on his farm.
Your answer should include the following.

 Identify the problem

Fruit farm on hillsides will suffer from _____________________________.

 Clarification of the problem

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The soil erosion occur in his farm because his farm is located at the_______________.

 Solving methods
- Planting _________________trees to prevent the land from collapsing .
- Planting _________________ crops to prevent soil erosion.
- Building ____________________ at the side of the terrace to prevent the land
from collapsing

 Choose the best method and explain your choice

_______________________________________ because _______________________

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