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: Prediction of Syngas Composition from Biomass Gasification using Thermodynamics Equilibrium Model
+
+
+ 3.76 ln -: =
=>
(12)
?@
+
+
+
HHHHHH
A@ = C
C D 5
+
+ +
3.76 E,@,G (13)
2
HHHHHH
Where, D 5
E,@,G is empirically calculated.
(1)
Where mw in Equation 1 can be calculated using the To solve the equation system, the only missing equation
following relation. is the energy balance, and the enthalpy of reactants entering
must be same as enthalpy of reactants of products leaving
!"#$%% &
= '(&
(2) the system.
IJ6K46L4M = NI5OPK4M (14)
The elemental balance gives:
5 5
+
+
= 1 (3) IJ6K46L4M = E,QC5&6MM + R ST @%U$VU0WX @,Z + E,Z [
Z\&] ,.^
* + 2
= 2
+ 2
+ 4
(4)
, +
+ 2
=
+ 2
+
NI5OPK4M = + 3.76
_'(@"`U @,a0
(5) 2
5
The major reaction that occurs inside the downdraft + R
C _'(@"`U @,C + E,C
reactor is as follows: bCb
III. RESULTS
The Fig. 2 reflects the simulation of the model for the
Eucalyptus wood having the elemental composition in the
form C-H-O-N as 49.5-6.3-42.0-00 respectively [8]. The
reaction temperature is set to 1073 K.
The model simulation results has shown that with the
increase
se of moisture content on preset reaction temperature
of 1073 K att the gasifier reactor in Fig. 1, the CO level has
decreased, N2 has been increased, H2 has increased up to its
certain limit of the moisture content and starts to decrease
again. Similarly, CO2 has been increased at the expense of
CO. Interestingly, the CH4 is far below than the practical
results. The thermodynamics model under predicts the CH4
composition. The CH4 under prediction results is also stated
by [9].
ion result shown in Fig.
On the other hand, the simulation Fig 1
reflects the effect of moisture content on HHV of syngas for
the Ecaulyptus wood. With the increase in moisture content, Fig. 2: Effect of moisture content on syngas species on dry basis
the HHV of the syngas generated has been decreased. for Eucalyptus wood
IV. DISCUSSION oxygen to react to get oxidize and form CO2. The other
reason to maintain the preset temperature is at the expense
a) Effect of moisture content on N2 formation to run at of combustion of H2, and CO with increase in equivalence
preset reaction temperature: ratio.
From Fig. 2, it can be seen clearly that, with the increase
of moisture content the volume mole fraction in dry basis of V. CONCLUSIONS
nitrogen has been increased. The fact for increasing the
The mathematical formulation works with reasonable
nitrogen volume fraction is due to more air from atmosphere
accuracy, however it best works for low ash content as heat
is required to compensate and maintain the reaction
absorbed by ash is ignored in the model. The perfect
temperature of 1073 K. The higher the moisture content
adiabatic condition is not realizable in practical case.
more heat energy is required to liberate the moisture from
Moisture content reduces the concentration of CO mole
the biomass and more air is required to sustain and maintain
fraction significantly and thus reduces the HHV of the gas.
the heat and temperature. This is the reason for Fig. 2; the
equivalence ratio has also been increased and thus decreases ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
in HHV of the syngas generated.
The authors would like to acknowledge Renewable
b) Effect of moisture content on CO formation to run at Nepal program at Kathmandu University for supporting the
preset reaction temperature: project PID-248. The authors also like to thank Dr.
From Fig. 1, it can be seen clearly that, with the increase Bhupendra Bimal Chhetri and other staffs of the Renewable
of moisture content the volume mole fraction in dry basis for Nepal program office.
carbon-monoxide has been decreased. With increase in
moisture content, the water-gas shift reaction takes place REFERENCES
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