Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 38

Learn Russian (Speak7)

Speak7 speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage
In this Page you will: Learn Russian for free, our lessons are available to anyone who wants to speak Russian, from
grammar, vocabulary, expressions, Russian phrases and more.

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar Russian is an important language to learn, it’s one of the Slavic languages, spoken by about 170 million people
Alphabet as a first language and another 100 million as a second language. Russian is considered one of the chief
Numbers languages of the world, used officially by the United Nations, it is important in scientific writings and literary
Verbs works.
Cases
Nouns
Russian is spoken in 30 countries other than Russia, where there is a number of Russian immigrants or
Adjectives community including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland,
Interrogative/ Georgia, Germany, Greece, India, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, and Moldova.
Negation You will learn Russian for free, like how to read, how to count, how to form Russian verbs, how to form nouns,
adjectives …and more.
In these lessons you will notice that I write most of the time in Russian alphabet and not the transliteration,
because I don’t want you to count on the transliteration a lot, I want you to struggle the first time with reading
Russian and then be able to read in Russian alphabet easily, without looking at any transliteration. Because if
you happen to be in Russia you will find no transliteration.
If you have any question please e-mail me at: admin@speak7.com.
Regards
Vocabulary & Speak7
Writings
Russian 101
Phrases
Vocabulary
Russian
Expressions
Write a Russian
Letter
Russian Test
(.PDF)
How to Learn a
Language

More will be
available soon
Speak7 2006 © Speak7.com
Speak7.com receives advertising revenue from products featured on this website.
All Rights Reserved

You can learn Russian very quickly and for free; just follow the pages one by one, with a strong determination, learning Russian
has never been easier. Included in this Russian page you will find verbs, nouns, Russian vocabulary, phrases and expressions,
cases, alphabet, numbers, Russian is easy to learn so take advantage of that! Learn it now free of charges!
Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Alphabet (Cyrillic Alphabet)


Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian Russian Alphabet (Cyrillic Alphabet)
Grammar
Alphabet
Numbers
Verbs
Russian Alphabet
Cases ?? a as in "apple" ?? r as in "Russian"
Nouns
Adjectives ?? b as in "boy" ?? s as in "small"
Interrogative/ ?? v as in "very" ?? t as in "Turkish"
Negation
?? g as in "God" ?? u as in "ultra" or “ou”
?? d as in "day" ?? f as in "French"
?? y as in "yo!" ?? kh as in the Scottish "loch"
?? y as in "yell" ?? ts as in "tsunami"
?? Zh or as s in “pleasure” ?? ch as in "child"
Vocabulary & ?? z as in "zero" ?? sh as in "shy"
Writings
Russian 101 ?? e as in "Easter" ?? shsh as in "rush show"
Phrases ?? y as in "yoga" ? not pronounced (called hard sign)
Vocabulary
Russian ?? k as in "kiss" ?? i as in "sir"
Expressions
Write a Russian
?? l as in "look" ? not pronounced (called soft sign)
Letter ?? m as in "mild" ?? e as in "explain"
Russian Test
(.PDF) ?? n as in "nice" ?? u as in "university" not as in "up"
How to Learn a ?? o as in "October" ?? ya as in "yahoo"
Language
?? p as in "play"
More will be
available soon Don’t confuse these Russian letters:

?? yo (yo) the yo is very thick.


?? io (io) as in yoga (the io is normal)
?? iu (iu) the iu is sharper

? ?: rarely used and indicates a slight pause between syllables.


? ?: makes the previous letter soft, or as if there is a after the consonant.

Russian Alphabet Rules:

Russian has 33 letters, 11 Vowels, 20 consonants and 2 unpronounced signs, the good news is that Russian words sound the same way
they’re written most of the time, so you will not make that many mistakes spelling or pronouncing them.
Note that the capital letters in Russian look the same as the lower case characters, with the exception of cursive capital letter and lower
case, check out the table below, you will notice that all Russian letters look the same in Capital and lower case letters, with the
exception of the ones in the blue font, where the capital letters are different than the lower case letters.
Russian Letters (Capital letters and lower case letters)
?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??

?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??

Some other Russian alphabet rules that you need to follow is that after: ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, & ?, write ? instead of ? (called the 7 letters
rule), also after ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, don’t write O if it’s unaccented, write E (called the 5 letters rule), and finally after ?, ?, ?, ?, we shouldn’t
write ? or ?, but ? or ? instead.

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com

Russian Alphabet, Letters, Russian Spelling.


Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Numbers
Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

In this lesson you will learn:

Russian Numbers, Cardinal Numbers, Russian Ordinal Numbers.

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar Russian Cardinal Numbers
Alphabet
Numbers Russian Cardinal Numbers
Verbs
1 - ???? (adeen) 11 - ??????????? 21 - ???????? ???? 200 - ??????
Cases
Nouns 2 - ??? (dva) (adeennadtsat) (20+1) 300 - ??????
Adjectives 3 - ??? (tri) 12 - ?????????? (dvanadtsat) 22 - ???????? ??? 400 - ?????????
Interrogative/ 4 - ?????? 13 - ?????????? (trinadtsat) (20+2) 500 - ???????
Negation (chyetirye) 14 - ???????????? 30 - ???????? 600 - ????????
5 - ???? (pyat) 15 - ?????????? 40 - ????? 700 - ???????
6 - ????? (shest) 16 - ??????????? 50 - ????????? 800 - ?????????
7 - ???? (syem) 17 - ?????????? 60 - ?????????? 900 - ?????????
8 - ?????? (vosyem) 18 - ???????????? 70 - ????????? 1,000 - ??????
19 - ???????????? 80 - ??????????? 1,000,000 - ???????
9 - ?????? (dyeviat) 20 - ???????? (dvadtsat) 90 - ?????????
10 - ?????? (dyesiat) 100 - ???
Vocabulary &
Writings As you see on the table above Russian Cardinal numbers are very easy to form, for example the numbers 11-19
Russian 101 are simply formed by adding “???????” to the numbers 1-9. (one small exception is number 14 where you need
Phrases to drop the ending “?” in “4 ??????”),
Vocabulary
The Russian numbers 21-99 are formed by placing numbers from (1-9) after (20-30-40-50…90), note that
Russian
Expressions they’re not connected.
Write a Russian Now you can form some Russian numbers easily, example: (?????? ?????????? ???? 267).
Letter Zero is ???? (nol), a billion is ???????? (milliard)
Russian Test
(.PDF) Russian Ordinal Numbers
How to Learn a
Language Ordinal numbers decline just like adjectives, and therefore must agree in gender and number, as well as case
with the noun they describe. Russian ordinal numbers are formed from cardinal numbers, and they have some
More will be
additional endings like (-??, -??, -??, -??, -??), see the table below:
available soon

Russian Ordinal Numbers


st th st
1 - ?????? 11 - ???????????? 21th - ???????? ?????? (20+ 1 )
2nd - ?????? 12th - ??????????? 30th - ?????????
3rd - ?????? 13th - ??????????? 40th - ?????????
4th - ????????? 14th - ????????????? 50th - ???????????
5th - ????? 15th - ??????????? 60th - ????????????
6th - ?????? 16th - ???????????? 70th - ???????????
7th - ??????? 17th - ??????????? 80th - ?????????????
8th - ??????? 18th - ????????????? 90th - ??????????
9th - ??????? 19th - ????????????? 100th - ?????
10th- ??????? 20th - ????????? 1000th - ????????

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com


Russian Numbers, Cardinal Numbers, Russian Ordinal Numbers, Numerals.
Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Verbs
Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

In this lesson you will learn:


Russian Verbs, Aspects, Russian Imperfective, Perfective, Present Tense, Russian Past Tense, Future Tense, Russian
Motion Verbs, Reflexive Verbs.

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar
Alphabet
Numbers Verbs (Overview & Aspects)
Verbs
Cases Russian verbs come in two aspects: (imperfective & perfective); three tenses: (present, past & future); two conjugations in the
Nouns present tense; two voices: (active & passive); three moods: (indicative, imperative & conditional); four participle forms:
Adjectives {present (active, passive), past (active, passive)}; two forms of gerund: (present, past).
Interrogative/
Negation
Russian Aspects
What does an aspect mean?
An aspect is the imperfective or perfective form in the Russian verbs:
Imperfective is an incomplete, ongoing, or repeated action.
Perfective is a successfully completed action.

Usually the Russian perfective and imperfective are used in the past and future, for the present tense, you don’t have to worry
about which to use, just use the imperfective, because actions are still in progress therefore not complete so there is no need to
Vocabulary & use the perfective.
Writings
Russian 101 For the Russian past tense, if the action is completed successfully or was not or will not be repeated then use the perfective
Phrases aspect.
Vocabulary
if otherwise then use the imperfective (even when you’re not sure, you can still use the imperfective)
Russian
Expressions
Write a Russian
For the Russian future tense, if the action will be completed successfully, and will not be repeated then use the perfective
Letter aspect.
Russian Test if otherwise then use the imperfective (even when you’re not sure, you can still use the imperfective)
(.PDF)
How to Learn a How to tell if a verb is imperfective or perfective?
Language
These are some clues that give us a hint if the verb is imperfective or perfective:
More will be Russian Imperfective & Perfective
available soon
Whether a prefix is used such as “???” before a verb or not, having a prefix would mean that the verb is perfective.
Whether there is a change in the stem/suffix or not.
Whether there is a change in the vowel before last or not.
Whether a “??” is placed inside a verb or not. If it is inside a verb that would mean that the verb is imperfective.

Russian Present Tense

As mentioned earlier, if the present tense is used then it means that it’s all about imperfective verbs.
Russian verbs are generally broken down into two groups the first and second, if you wonder how you would know which
conjugation group a verb belongs to, just follow these steps: verbs ending in -??? or -??? belong to the 1st group, verbs ending
in -??? belong to 2nd group, verbs ending in -??? can belong to either 1st or 2nd group.
In Russian like in many other languages, verbs in the present tense are conjugated by dropping the last two letters of the
infinitive, usually "??", and adding the appropriate ending ("?", "???", "??", "??", "???" or "??"). The table below shows
verbs of the first group:

First Group Conjugation, Russian Present Tense


???????? : To work ????????: To understand ?????: To know
? ??????? : I work ? ???????: I understand. ? ????: I know.
?? ?????????: You work ?? ?????????: You understand. ?? ??????: You know.
??/ ???/ ??? ????????: He/ She/ It ??/ ???/ ??? ????????: He/ She/ It ??/ ???/ ??? ?????: He/ She/ It
works. understands knows.
?? ????????: We work ?? ????????: We understand. ?? ?????: We know.
?? ?????????: You work. ?? ?????????: You understand. ?? ??????: You know.
??? ????????: They work. ??? ????????: They understand. ??? ?????: They know.

The second group uses the endings ("?" (or "?") "???" "??" "??" "???" "??" (or "??"), which replace "???". As you may
have noticed it’s almost like the way the first group is conjugated with a slight difference, like switching the ? to ? and so on.

Second Group Conjugation, Russian Present Tense


????????: To speak. ????: To live. ?????: To go (by vehicle).
? ??????: I speak. ? ????: I live. ? ???: I go
?? ????????: You speak. ?? ??????: You live. ?? ?????: You go
??/ ???/ ??? ???????: He/ She/ It Speaks. ??/ ???/ ??? ?????: He/ She/ It lives. ??/ ???/ ??? ????: He/ She/ It goes
?? ?????: We live. ?? ????: We go
?? ???????: We speak. ?? ??????: You live. ?? ?????: You go
?? ????????: You speak. ??? ?????: They live. ??? ????: They go
??? ???????: They speak.

Note:
Don’t place ?, ?, or ? after the letters (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?), you should use (?, ?, ?) instead.
First person singular, change the last consonant this way:
? becomes ?
? becomes ?
c becomes ?
ct becomes ?
? becomes ?
?, ?, ?, ?, ? add the letter ?

These are some example of the Russian present tense:

Russian Present Tense


-We're reading a nice Russian book - ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????.
-I love you so much - ? ???? ????? ?????.
-Russian is difficult for me. - ??????? ???? - ??????? ??? ????.
-He has many Russian friends. - ? ???? ????? ??????? ??????.

Russian Past Tense

In Russian to use the past tense you simply need to remove the final -?? of a verb, and add -? plus the appropriate final letter
reflecting the gender of the subject (masculine, feminine, neutral or plural).
The Russian past tense involves the use of the imperfective and perfective aspects.
The imperfective in the past tense refers to an action in the past which was repeated, left unfinished, or both
The perfective in the past tense refers to an action, successfully completed once, and now is over.

The table below shows the changes occurring in both the imperfective and perfective.

Russian Past Tense, Perfective and Imperfective


Gender Ending Imperfective Perfective
(to go) (to say)
Masculine -? ?? ????? ?? ??????
Feminine -?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????
Neutral -?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????
Plural -?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????

The table below is to compare the same verb (to work) in Russian past tense (imperfective and perfective)

Russian Past Tense


Imperfective Perfective
?? ??????? ?????????
??? ???????? ??????????
??? ???????? ??????????
??? ???????? ??????????

As you may have noticed, Russian past tense has only 4 forms, masculine, feminine, neutral and plural, which is not bad
compared to the six forms in the other tenses.

It’s quite easy to figure out which forum is used, the past tense verbs change by number (by adding ? after the ? we get the
plural), and change by gender only in the singular form (by adding ? after the ? we get the feminine singular, by adding o after
the ? we get the neutral singular)

Masc. Stem+?
Fem. Stem+??
Neut. Stem+-??
Plur. Stem+-??

here are some examples of Russian past tense in phrases:

Russian Past Tense


-I visited Russia last year. - ? ??? ? ?????? ? ??????? ????.
-I bought a nice Russian book yesterday. - ????? ? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????.
-did you learn Russian by yourself? - ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????
-Russian was difficult for me before. - ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????.

Russian Future Tense

In the Russian future tense, if the action will be completed successfully, and will not be repeated then the perfective aspect
should be used, actions that will be finished at a particular time in the future.
If otherwise (for example if the action will be repeated or will not be completed) then use the imperfective aspect (even
when you’re not sure, you can still use the imperfective), to form the future in the imperfective aspect, just conjugate "????" +
infinitive verb (example to read). Note that “????” is the verb “to be” in English.

Russian Future Tense (the imperfective)


Conjugation of "????" + infinitive
? ????
?? ??????
??/???/??? ????? + ??????
?? ????? (Infinitive)
?? ??????
??? ?????

The Russian future tense in the perfective is formed by adding the present tense endings to the stem. Russian perfective verbs
don't have present tense meaning. Below is an example of a Russian verb in the future tense in the perfective and imperfective.

Russian Future Tense


(the imperfective/ perfective)
Verb “to give”
Imperfective Perfective
? ???? ?????? ???
?? ?????? ?????? ????
??/???/??? ????? ?????? ????
?? ????? ?????? ?????
?? ?????? ?????? ??????
??? ????? ?????? ?????
These are some examples of Russian future tense:

Russian Future Tense


-I will go to Russia next year. - ? ????? ? ?????? ? ????????? ????.
-She will learn Russian with me. - ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????.
-Will you come tomorrow? - ?? ???????? (on foot) / ???????? (by vehicle)???????
-I will be able to speak Russian without problems. - ? ???? ???????? ???????? ??-??????

Russian Verbs of Motion

Russian motion verbs convey more details than the English motion verbs, Russian verbs of motion tell you how the action was
carried out (on foot or by vehicle), and also the direction (round-trip or one-way, one-time trip). Russian verbs of motion are
broken down into three aspects: the progressive imperfective (only in the present tense), the interactive imperfective, and the
perfective.
If you can't decide whether to refer to motion on foot or motion by vehicle, and there is no illogic in choosing one or the other,
simply use motion on foot.
Imperfective verbs refer to motions which follow more than one direction (i.e. a round trip/there and back), or happens
habitually or more than once other cases is if the motion has no real destination but the starting point.
Perfective verbs refer to a motion in the past that occurred once and in one direction, such as a direct flight, or such an action
that will occur in the future.
And since we’re talking about the future now, we will focus on the perfective verbs in the future, if the action will be
completed successfully, and will not be repeated then use the perfective aspect..
These are some tips on how to figure out what form a certain motion verb is using, for example the perfective is always
formed by adding the prefix ??- to the progressive form. The iterative imperfective usually ends on (?~ or ??~).

Russian Reflexive Verbs


Russian reflexive verbs are different than English reflexive verbs, because in English you can go without mentioning the direct
object, for instance I shaved (you don’t need to say I shaved myself) but in Russian you can’t make that expression without
inserting the “myself” the Russian way.
Russian uses a suffix (-??) on the verb to indicate where a direct object is identical with the subject. So to express a reflexive
form in Russian, a reflexive particle (-??) is added after consonants and (-??) after vowels to the verb.

Russian has a certain number of verbs that can be used as reflexive verbs or regular verbs; also, many times Russian uses
reflexive verbs where English doesn’t.

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com

Russian Verbs, Aspects, Russian Imperfective, Perfective, Present Tense, Russian Past Tense, Future Tense, Motion
Verbs, Russian Reflexive Verbs.
Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Cases
Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

Russian Cases, Nominative Case, Russian Accusative Case, Genitive Case, Russian Dative Case, Instrumental Case and
Russian Prepositional Case.

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Instrumental and Prepositional:
Alphabet
Numbers Like German and some other languages, Russian has something called cases, basically they’re changes that occur to nouns and
Verbs their endings, to show what role they’re playing in a sentence. There are 6 cases in Russian: nominative, accusative,
Cases
Nouns
genitive, dative, instrumental, and prepositional.
Adjectives Before going into details let’s review them very quickly:
Interrogative/
Negation Russian Cases (Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Instrumental and Prepositional)
The nominative case answers the questions "who?/what?". The Russian Nominative is the basic form found in dictionaries
for nouns.
The accusative case designates the object of an action. (I speak Russian)
The genitive case refers to things belonging to other people. Just like when you use (of) or (the possessive ‘s)
The dative case refers to things given or addressed to a person (object). (give it to me…)
The instrumental case is used to refer to an instrument that helps to make something.
The prepositional case is used after the prepositions “?” (about), “?” (in), “??” (at) to refer to a place
Vocabulary & Russian Nominative Case
Writings The Russian nominative case answers the questions "who? what?” (I speak Russian, Russia is a nice country) the blue font
Russian 101
Phrases
shows the position of the Russian nominative case. It’s considered the easiest case.
Vocabulary The Russian Nominative is the basic form that you will find in dictionaries for nouns. The nominative case is used for the
Russian subject of the sentence. It’s the basic case and also the easiest, the only changes required are for the plural (add the letters “?”,
Expressions “?”, “?” or “?”).
Write a Russian
Letter Russian Accusative Case
Russian Test
(.PDF) The accusative designates the object of an action. (I speak Russian, He speaks it too). The blue front shows the position of the
How to Learn a
accusative case. Sometimes the accusative case looks exactly like the nominative case, but not always. To form the accusative
Language
from nominative you need to be familiar with the changes occurring to the nominative:
More will be
available soon Russian Accusative Case
For a masculine noun: For a feminine noun:
When the noun in inanimate, no change is necessary. Replace “?” with “?”.
When the noun is animate and ends with a consonant, add “?”. Replace “?” with “?”.
When the noun is animate, replace “?”, add “?”.
When the noun is animate, replace “?”, with “?”.

For a neuter noun: since all neuter nouns are inanimate no change will occur, they stay the same.

Russian Genitive Case


The genitive refers to things (people) belonging to other things (other people). Just like when you use (of) or (the possessive
‘s). In Russian the possessor always follows the object possessed, while in English it may be both, (the story of Edward, or
Edward’s story).

Russian Genitive Case


For a masculine noun: For a feminine noun: For a neuter noun:
for nouns ending in a consonant add “?”. replace “?” with “?”. replace “?” with “?”.
replace “?”, add “?”. replace “?” with “?”. replace “?” with “?”.
replace “?”, with “?”. replace “?” with “?”.

The Russian genitive usually answers the question (of whom? ?????/ of what? ????? Whose…?... ????)

??? ?????????? ???? (whose car is this?) ??? ?????????? ???? (that's Nadia's car./ That's the car of Nadia)

The Russian genitive is also associated (not always) with some prepositions and verbs like:

Prepositions associated with the Russian genitive Russian Verbs


???, without, ??-??, because of, ?, at, ?????, wait,
???, for, ?????, except for, ???????? ??, near to, ?????????, reach,
??, up to, ??, on, ??????, behind, ?????? wish,
??, from, ?, ??, with, ???????, ask,
?????? want

Russian Dative Case

The Russian dative case is used as the indirect object of a sentence. “Peter is teaching Russian to John”, John is the indirect
object and therefore takes the dative case, and it usually answers the question as (to whom? ????? / for what? ?????).

Russian Dative Case


For a masculine noun: For a feminine noun: For a neuter noun:
for nouns ending with a consonant, add “?”. replace “?” with “?”. replace “?” with “?”
replace “?”, add “?”. replace “?” with “?”. replace “?” with “?”
replace “?”, with “?”. replace “?” with “?”.

The Russian dative case is also associated with some verbs and prepositions:

Prepositions associated with the Russian Dative Russian Verbs (dative)


?, to, ???????, similarly to, ???????? owing to, ?????? give, ???????? advise,
??, on, ??????? according to, ?, contrary to, ???????? help, ? like,
?, ???????, ????????
?

Russian Instrumental Case

In general the Russian instrumental case is used to indicate how something is done or the means by which an action is carried
out, usually in English it’s expressed by the prepositions "by, with". I learn Russian with books, and I practice it by chatting,

Russian Instrumental Case


For a masculine noun For a feminine noun neuter noun
- for nouns ending with “?”, “?”, “?”, “?”, “?” - for stems of nouns end with “?”, “?”, “?”, “?”, simply add “?”
add “??” if unstressed, if stressed add “??”. “?” replace“?” with “??”
- for other consonants, add “??”. - for the rest replace “?” with “??”
- replace “?”, add “??”, if stressed “??”. - replace “?” with “??”.
- replace “?”, with “??”, if stressed “??”. - replace “?” with “??”, if stressed “??”.

Some Instrumental prepositions


?(?) + Instrument with ??? + Instrument above
????? + Instrument between ????? + Instrument in front of

The Russian instrumental case is used after prepositions like c (with), ????? (between), ??? (above), ????? (in front of), ???
(under) … for example:
Russian Prepositional Case

The Russian prepositional case is used after the prepositions “?” (about), “?” (in), “??” (at). Nouns take the prepositional case
when they’re used to refer to a place, or time... (these prepositions are used sometimes with other cases). The nouns
answering the question "where" are often used with the prepositions ? and ??.

Russian Prepositional Case


For a masculine noun: For a feminine noun: For a neuter noun:
- simply add “?” - replace “?” with “?”. - replace “?” with “?”.
- replace “?” with “?”. - no need to replace “?” if it’s ending the word.
- replace “?” with “?”.

Russian Noun Case Endings

Russian Masculine Noun Case Endings

Nominative Case -- ? -? -? -? -?
Accusative Case -- -- -- -- -- --
Dative Case -? -?? -? -?? -? -??
Genitive Case -? -?? -? -?? -? -??
Prepositional Case -? -?? -? -?? -? -??
Instrumental Case -?? -??? -?? -??? -?? -???

Russian Feminine Noun Case Endings:

Nominative Case -? -? -? -? -?? -?? -? -?


Accusative Case -? -- -? -- -?? -- -? --
Dative Case -? -?? -? -?? -?? -??? -? -??
Genitive Case -? -- -? -? -?? -?? -? -??
Prepositional Case -? -?? -? -?? -?? -??? -? -??
Instrumental Case -?? -??? -?? -??? -??? -??? -?? -???
?

Russian Neutral Noun Case Endings

Nominative Case -? -? -? -? -?? -??


Accusative Case -? -? -? -? -?? -??
Dative Case -? -?? -? -?? -?? -???
Genitive Case -? -- -? -? -?? -??
Prepositional Case -? -?? -? -?? -?? -???
Instrumental Case -?? -??? -?? -??? -??? -????

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com

Russian Cases, Nominative Case, Accusative Case, Russian Genitive Case, Dative Case, Russian Instrumental Case and
Prepositional Case.
Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Nouns
Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

In this lesson you will learn:

Russian Nouns, Noun Gender, Russian Nouns Cases …

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar Russian Nouns Overview:
Alphabet
Numbers Nouns in Russian are just like nouns in English, the only different is that in Russian nouns change their forms
Verbs and get different endings by using the 6 cases which help us know the role a noun is playing in a sentence.
Cases
Again these cases are the nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, and prepositional. Moreover
Nouns
Adjectives Russian nouns are masculine, feminine, or neuter.
Interrogative/
Negation Russian Gender of Nouns:

As mentioned before, Russian is gender sensitive, with its three genders (masculine, feminine, or neuter) a new
learner should memorize the gender of a new word, along with the word itself, especially because there is no
physical meaning to many words. For example (man: ???????) is masculine, but also (bread ????) is
masculine, (daughter ????) is feminine but also (newspaper ??????) is feminine, so how would I have guessed
that (bread ????) is masculine and (newspaper ??????) is feminine?
The good news is that in Russian you can guess almost all the time the gender of a noun by the way it’s spelled
Vocabulary & (especially its ending) which is an advantage to help you avoid struggling to remember the gender of a certain
Writings noun, instead try to memorize only the rule: the first time you see a word in a dictionary, focus on its ending,
Russian 101 for example:
Phrases
Vocabulary Russian Nouns
Russian
Expressions
if a Russian noun ends in a consonant, or “?”, then the word is masculine. (????: bread)
Write a Russian if a Russian noun ends in “?” or “?”, then the word is feminine. (??????: newspaper)
Letter if a Russian noun ends in “?”, “?”, then the word is neuter. (?????: radio)
Russian Test if a Russian noun ends in a soft sign “?”, then it could be either masculine or feminine:
(.PDF) (????????: fortress) is feminine, (?????: Ruble) is masculine.
How to Learn a
Language
Note that these endings should be in the dictionary simple form, which is in the nominative case.
More will be
And like any other language, there are some rare exceptions to these rules, Masculine: (Daddy: ????) or
available soon (Coffee: ????), and Neuter like: (first name: ???).

Russian Nouns & Cases

As mentioned before, Russian nouns change their forms and get different endings by using the 6 cases which
help us know the role a noun is playing in the sentence. Again these cases are the nominative, genitive, dative,
accusative, instrumental, and prepositional.
For example a noun in the dative case will take a different ending than the one it takes in the nominative,
usually the difference occur only in the final letter or two.
To understand nouns better you have to check the page of Russian Cases, which gives more explanations about
the Russian cases and their function.
The table below shows the different endings a noun take in the six cases, in both singular and plural.

Russian Noun Case Endings

Russian ?asculine Noun Case Endings

Nominative Case -- ? -? -? -? -?
Accusative Case -- -- -- -- -- --
Dative Case -? -?? -? -?? -? -??
Genitive Case -? -?? -? -?? -? -??
Prepositional Case -? -?? -? -?? -? -??
Instrumental Case -?? -??? -?? -??? -?? -???

Russian Feminine Noun Case Endings:

Nominative Case -? -? -? -? -?? -?? -? -?


Accusative Case -? -- -? -- -?? -- -? --
Dative Case -? -?? -? -?? -?? -?? -? -??
?
Genitive Case -? -- -? -? -?? -?? -? -??
Prepositional -? -?? -? -?? -?? -?? -? -??
Case ?
Instrumental Case -?? -?? -?? -?? -?? -?? -?? -???
? ? ? ??

Russian Neutral Noun Case Endings

Nominative Case -? -? -? -? -?? -??


Accusative Case -? -? -? -? -?? -??
Dative Case -? -?? -? -?? -?? -???
Genitive Case -? -- -? -? -?? -??
Prepositional Case -? -?? -? -?? -?? -???
Instrumental Case -?? -??? -?? -??? -??? -????

Sometimes a Russian noun is connected to a preposition which is placed just before. it is necessary to learn how
to use cases in Russian. You will learn more about cases in separate lessons.

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com

Russian Nouns, Nouns Declension, Russian Noun Gender, Nouns Cases


Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Adjectives
Speak7 2006 © speak7.com
s

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

You will learn in this lesson: Russian Adjectives, adjectives ending, Russian adjectives list.

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar Russian Adjectives are used just like in English to describe qualities to nouns, but they differ than English when
Alphabet it comes to their agreement with nouns. Russian adjectives must agree with the noun they modify in gender and
Numbers number, also adjectives must agree in the case as well, adjectives may change their endings in each case of the
Verbs six cases depending on which case the noun is using.
Cases
Nouns
So to have the proper form of an adjective, you should know what case/ gender/ number is used by the noun,
Adjectives then form the adjective accordingly, which means that if the noun is in the accusative feminine singular, you
Interrogative/ will have to do the same with adjective.
Negation Below is a table of a very common ending which many adjectives take:

Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Endings


Nominative ?? ?? ?? ??
Accusative Nom or Gen ?? Nom or Gen Nom or Gen
Genitive ??? ?? ??? ??
Dative ??? ?? ??? ??
Prepositional ?? ?? ?? ??
???
Vocabulary & Instrumental ?? ?? ??
Writings
Russian 101 This is a list of adjectives:
Phrases
Vocabulary List of Russian Adjectives
Russian bad ?????? long, tall ???????
Expressions big, large ??????? loud ???????
Write a Russian cheap ??????? low, short ??????
Letter clean ?????? narrow ?????
Russian Test deep ???????? near ???????
(.PDF) difficult ??????? old ??????
How to Learn a dirty ??????? poor ??????
Language early ?????? quiet ?????
expensive ??????? rich ???????
More will be far ??????? shallow ??????
available soon fat ??????? short ????????
good ??????? simple ???????
hard ??????? soft ??????
heavy ??????? strong ???????
high, tall ??????? thin ??????
late ??????? weak ??????
light, easy ?????? wide ???????
small ????????? young ???????

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com

Russian Adjectives, adjectives ending, Russian adjectives list.


Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Questions (Interrogative) and Negation


Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

You will learn in this lesson: Russian Questions, Negation, How to make a question in
Russian.

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian Questions in Russian
Grammar
Alphabet To ask a question in Russian you simply need to put a question mark at the end, no need to rearrange a sentence like
Numbers in English, if you’re speaking simply add a “question tone” to your voice, let’s suppose English was the same as
Verbs Russian, then you can simply say: you understand? (?? ??????????), instead of adding “do you understand?”. Or
Cases “you are ready?” instead of “are you ready?”…That’s how Russian works when you try to make a question and
Nouns
Adjectives
expect a (yes/no) answer.
Interrogative/
Negation To make other kind of questions like: How? When? Why? you need to know the equivalent words in Russian, below
is a list of question tools:

Questions in Russian
How much money? ??????? ?????? Who? ????
How much/many? ???????? What's the matter? ? ??? ?????
How? ???? What do you need? ??? ??? ??????
What did you say? ??? ?? ???????? When? ??????
Vocabulary & What is this? ??? ???? Which? ??????/ ????????
Writings What time is it? ??????? ???? What do you want? ??? ?? ???????
Russian 101 Where from? ??????? What are you doing? ??? ?? ????????
Phrases Where? ???? What's happened? ??? ??????????
Vocabulary
Russian
Who is this? ??? ???? What? ????
Expressions Why? ???????
Write a Russian
Letter Note that some of these tools behave like adjectives, so they must be formed according to the case they’re used under
Russian Test (accusative, nominative, genitive, dative…) and also the gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) for example (??????
(.PDF) Which?) can also be ?????? (feminine), ?????? (neuter) …
How to Learn a “Whose” can be ???? (masculine), ???? (feminine), ???? (neuter), ???? (plural), also “what?” can be ????
Language
(nominative & accusative case), ????? (dative case: to what?), ????? (genitive case: of what?), ???? (instrumental
More will be
case), ???? (prepositional case). Don’t worry it’s not that complicated as it may look, you just need to know the
available soon Russian cases to be able to deal with this kind of words.

Negation in Russian

The most common way to form negation in Russian is by using (?? and ???)
? ??? ?? ???? (I don't know you). ??? ????? ??? (He's not here).
In general, ?? means “no” while ??? means “not”.

Unlike English, Russian allows “double negative” expressions, for example you can say in Russian “I didn’t
understand nothing” while in English you have to either say “I understood nothing” or “I didn’t understand anything”.
The Russian negation rule indicates that if the verb in a phrase is negative, then all indefinite pronouns in that clause
should be negative.

Below is a table of some Russian negative pronouns that might be used with the negative “??” when necessary.

Russian Negative Pronouns


Used in general. Used before infinitive verbs.
no one ????? no one to ?????
nothing ????? (??????) nothing to ??????
never ??????? no time to ???????
nowhere ????? nowhere to ?????

You may have noticed that there are two different forms of Russian negative pronouns, the first example is used in
general cases. The second example is used when we have a verb in the infinitive, like “I have nothing to do”. “to do”
is in the infinitive and so it is in Russian.

Some Russian negative expressions:

Russian Negative Expressions


Don't worry! ?? ????????????
I Don't understand! ? ?? ???????
I don't know! ?? ????
I have no idea. ??????? ?? ????

Below you will see the change occurring to “nothing/anything”, the first one is the basic form, the second one is
because we have an infinitive verb which is “to do”.

Russian Negative Epressions (2)


I'm not doing anything. ? ?????? ?? ?????.
I have nothing to do. ??? ?????? ??????.

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com


Speak7.com receives advertising revenue from products featured on this website.
All Rights Reserved

Russian Questions, Negation, How to make a question in Russian.


Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

English Russian Phrases/ Sentences


Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage
You will find in this page:

Russian Expressions, Conversations, Russian Greetings, Survival Phrases, and more

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar When the letters are in capital letters it means they should be stressed. Also some words will have more than one form (masculine, feminine and even
Alphabet neuter) they’re usually separated by /.
Numbers
Verbs English Phrases Russian Phrases Russian Phrases
Cases
Nouns Greetings:
Adjectives Hi! privEt ??????!
Interrogative/ Good Morning! dObraye Utra ?????? ????!
Negation Good Evening! dObriy dEn/ vEcher (day/evening) ?????? ????/ ?????!
Welcome! (to greet someone) dabrO pazhAlavat’ ????? ??????????!
How Are You? kak dela? ??? ?????
I'm Fine, Thanks! harashO! Spasiba ??????, ???????!
And You? a u tibyA? ? ? ?????
Good/ So-So. harashO/ tAk sibe ??????/??? ????
Thank You (Very Much)! spasiba ???????!
Vocabulary & You're Welcome! (answering "thank you") pazhAlusta ??????????!
Writings Hey! Friend! Ey, drug! ??, ????\ ??, ????????.
Russian 101
Phrases
I Missed You So Much! Ya tak sil'no skuchAl/a (female) pa tibE ? ??? ?????? ??????/a ?? ????
Vocabulary What's New? Chto nOvava? ??? ???????
Russian Nothing Much NiplOha/ NichivO ???????\ ??????.
Expressions Good Night! spakOynay nOchi ????????? ????
Write a Russian
Letter
See You Later! da vstrEchi/ da svidAn’ya ?? ???????/ ?? ????????
Russian Test Good Bye! pakA/ da svidAn’ya ????/?? ????????
(.PDF)
How to Learn a Help & Directions:
Language
I'm Lost ya zabludils’a ? ??????????
More will be Can I Help You? Ya magU vam pamOch? ? ???? ??? ???????
available soon Can You Help Me? Vy mOzhite mne pamOch? ?? ?????? ??? ???????
Where is the (bathroom/ pharmacy)? Gde nahOditsa (vAnnaya/ aptEka)? ??? ????????? (??????/ ??????)
Go Straight! Then Turn Left/ Right! idite pryAmo, patOm nalEva/ naprAva ????? ?????, ????? ??????/???????
I'm Looking For John. Ya ichU DzhOna ? ??? ?????.
One Moment Please! MinUtu, pazhAlusta ??????, ??????????.
Hold On Please! (phone) PadazhdIte, pazhAlusta! ?????????, ??????????!
How Much Is This? SkOl'ka Eta stOit? ??????? ??? ??????
Excuse Me ...! ( to ask for something) izvinite! / prastite ????????\????????
Excuse Me! ( to pass by) izvinite! ????????!
Come With Me! PaidyOmte sa mnOy! ???????? ?? ????!

Personal Info:
Do You Speak (English/ Russian)? Vy gavarite pa anglIyski/ pa rUsski? ?? ???????? ??-?????????/??-???????
Just a Little. Da, nimnOga ??, ???????
What's Your Name? Kak vas zavUt? ??? ??? ??????
My Name Is …. MinyA zavUt … ???? ????? …
Mr.../ Mrs.…/ Miss… Gn / Gzha {GaspadIn/GaspazhA} ?-?/?-?? {????????/ ???????}
Nice To Meet You! Ochin' priyAtna! ????? ???????
You're Very Kind! vi Ochin’ dabrY ?? ????? ?????
Where Are You From? Vy atkUda? ?? ???????
I'm From (the U.S/ Russia) iz (ShtAtaf/ Rasii) ?? (??????/ ??????)
I’m (American) yA amirikAnets ? ??????????
Where Do You Live? Gde vy zhivYOte? ??? ?? ???????
I live in (the U.S/ Russia) (Ya zhivU) v (SaidinÖnyh) shtAtah/ v Rasii ( ????) ? ??????/ ? ??????
Did You Like It Here? vAm zdEs’ panrAvilas’? ??? ????? ????????????
Russia Is a Wonderful Country Rasiya-zamichAtel’naya stranA ??????-????????????? ??????!
What Do You Do For A Living? Chem vy zanimAitis’? ??? ?? ????????????
I Work As A (Translator/ Businessman) (Ya) rabOtayu (pirivOchikam/ biznesmEnam) (?) ??????? (????????????/ ???????????)
I Like Russian mnE nrAvitsa Russkiy ??? ???????? ???????
I've Been Learning Russian For 1 Month Ya uchiL Ruskiy adin mEs’ats ? ???? ??????? 1 ?????
Oh! That's Good! O! Eta harashO! ?! ??? ??????!
How Old Are You? SkOl’ka vam let? ??????? ??? ????
I'm (twenty, thirty…) Years Old. Mne (dvAdtsat'/ trItsat') let ??? (????????/ ????????) ???
I Have To Go Mne nUzhna iti ??? ????? ????
I Will Be Right Back! ya sichAs virnUs’ ? ?????? ???????

Wishes:
Good Luck! udAchi! ?????!
Happy Birthday! z dnÖm razhden’ya! ? ???? ????????!
Happy New Year! S nOvym gOdam! ? ????? ?????!
Merry Christmas! s razhdistvOm! ? ??????????!
Congratulations! pazdravlyAyu! ??????????!
Enjoy! (For meals…) Na zdarOv’ye! ?? ????????!
I'd Like To Visit your country One Day mnE by hatelas’ pabyvAt’ v vAshey stranE ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ? ????? ??????
Say Hi To John For me. PiridAyte (DzhOnu) ot minyA privEt ????????? ????? ?? ???? ??????!
Bless you (when sneezing) bUte zdarOvy (means be healthy!) ?????? ???????!
Good Night & Sweet Dreams! spakOynay nOchi i priYAtnyh snOf ????????? ???? ? ???????? ????!

Misunderstanding:
I'm Sorry! (if you don't hear something) Prastite minyA, kAk vy skazAli? ???????? ????, ??? ?? ????????
Sorry (for a mistake) Prastite/Izvinite ????????/ ????????
No Problem! Bis prabl’Em ??? ???????
Can You Say It Again? Paftarite pazhAlusta! ?????????, ??????????
Can You Speak Slowly? mOzhna pamEdlenej? ????? ??-??????????
Write It Down Please! Napichite pazhAlusta ????????, ??????????
I Don't Understand! Ya ni panimAju ? ?? ???????
I Don't Know! Ni znaju! ?? ????
I Have No Idea. PanyAtiya ni imEyu ??????? ?? ????
What's That Called In Russian? Kak Eta skazAt’ paruski? ??? ??? ??????? ??-???????
What Does "horosho" Mean In English? chtO znAchit “horosho” na angliskam? ??? ?????? «horosho» ?? ???????????
How Do You Say "Please" In Russian? kAk skazAt’ "please" parUski? ??? ??????? "please" ??-???????
What Is This? chtO eta? (short: chtOyto?) ??? ????
My Russian Is Bad. U min’A plOha s rUskim ? ???? ????? ? ???????
I need to practice my Russian mnE nUzhna praktikovAt’sa v Russkam ??? ????? ?????????????? ? ???????
Don't Worry! Ni bispakOytis’ ?? ????????????

Expressions & Words:


Good/ Bad/ So-So. HarOshiy/ PlahOy/ tAk sibe ???????/??????/??? ????
Big/ Small Bal'shOy {Aya/Oye}/ mAlin'kiy {aya/ oye} ????????? {-??} {-??} / ??????? {-??} {-??}
Today/ Now aivOdn’a/ SichAs ???????/ ??????
Tomorrow/ Yesterday zAftra/ fchirA ??????/ ?????
Yes/ No da/ N'et ??/ ???
Here You Go! (when giving something) Vot/ Vot, vaz'mite ???/ ???, ????????
Do You Like It? Vam (eta) nrAvitsa? ??? (???) ?????????
I Really Like It! Mne Eta Ochin' nrAvitsa! ??? (???) ????? ????????!
I'm Hungry/ Thirsty. Ya hAchu YEst'/ Ya hAchu pit' ? ???? ????/ ? ???? ????
In The Morning/ Evening/ At Night. utrAm/ vEchirom/ nOch’yu ?????/ ???????/ ?????
This/ That. Here/There Eta/ To. Zdes’/ Tam ???/??. ?????/???
To Me/To You. To Him/ To Her. Mn’e / tibE (vam). yimU (imU) / yey ??? / ???? (???). ??? / ??
Really! na sAmom deli ?? ????? ????
Look! (Pa)smatrI (??)??????!
Hurry Up! Patarapis’! (Davay .../Davayte ...) ??????????! (????? ... /??????? ...)
What? Where? Shto? / Gde? ???? ????
What Time Is It? Skol’ka sichAs vr’Emini? ??????? ?????? ????????
It's 10 o'clock. 07:30pm. Desyat’ chasof. / sEm' tritsat’ vEchira ?????? ?????/ ???? ???????? ??????
Give Me This! DAy mn’e ... DAyti mn’e ... ??? ??? … ????? ??? ...
I Love You! Ya tibyA l’ublyU ? ???? ?????
I Feel Sick. Ya sibyA ploha chUstvuyu ? ???? ????? ????????
I Need A Doctor MnE nUzhin vrAch ??? ????? ????
One, Two, Three adin, dvA, tri ????, ???, ???
Four, Five, Six chitYri, p’At', shEst’ ??????, ????, ?????
Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten sEm', vOsim', dEvit’, dEsit’ ????, ??????, ??????, ??????

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com

Russian Expressions, Conversations, Russian Greetings, Survival Phrases, and more


Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Vocabulary
Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

In this lesson you will learn:

Russian Vocabulary such as: Food, Clothes in Russian, Family, Questions in Russian, List of Adjectives, List of
Adverbs in Russian, Time, Countrie, Nationalities in Russian…

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar Since the page has many words it may take sometime to display, please be patient, and try to memorize them all if you can, I listed
Alphabet here only the most important stuff that you need to know. So it will not be a waste of time if you memorize them because you will
Numbers certainly need them in the future.
Verbs
Cases
Food in Russian
Nouns
apple ?????? liver ??????
Adjectives
apple juice ???????? ??? mashed potatoes ????
Interrogative/
Negation bananas ?????? meat ????
beans ???? milk ??????
beef ???????? mineral water ??????????? ????
beer ???? mushrooms ?????
boiled eggs ??????? ???? omelet ?????
borsh (beetroot ???? (russian soup) onion ???
soup)
bread ???? orange ????????
broth ?????? orange juice ???????????? ???
Vocabulary & butter ????? pasta ????????
Writings cabbage ??????? peas ?????
Russian 101 cake ???????? pepper ?????
Phrases carrots ??????? pineapple a?????
Vocabulary caviar ???? pizza ?????
Russian cheese ??? pork ???????
Expressions
chicken ?????? potato ????????
Write a Russian
chocolate ??????? red wine ??????? ????
Letter
coffee ???? rice ???
Russian Test
coffee with milk ???? ? ??????? roast beef ???????
(.PDF)
cream ?????? salad ?????
How to Learn a
Language cucumbers ?????? salmon ??????
cutlets ??????? salt ????
More will be dessert ?????? sandwich ?????????
available soon duck ???? sausage ???????
fish ???? shashlik ??????
fried eggs ??????? snacks ???????
fried potatoes ??????? ???????? soda ???????
fruit ?????? soft drinks ?????????????? ???????
garlic ?????? soup ???
grape juice ??????????? ??? spinach ??????
grapefruit ????????? steak ????????
grapes ???????? sugar ?????
ground meat ???? sweets ???????
ham ??????? tea ???
ice cream ????????? tomatoes ????????
jam ???? ukha (fish soup) ???
juice ??? veal ????????
kasha ???? vegetables ?????
kidneys ????? water ????
lemon ????? wine ????

Clothes and Family in Russian


belt ?????? aunt ????
blouse ????? brother ????
clothes ?????? children ????
coat ?????? dad ????
dress ?????? daughter ????
gloves ???????? family ?????
handbag ??????? father ????
hat ????? granddaughter ??????
jacket ?????? grandfather ???????
jacket (top of a ?????? grandmother ???????
suit)
laces ?????? grandson ????
large ??????? husband ???
leather ???? mother ????
medium ??????? mum ????
necktie ??????? parents ????????
pants ????? sister ??????
raincoat ???? son ???
scarf ???? uncle ????
shirt ??????? wife ????
shoes ?????
silk ????
skirt ????
slippers ???????? ???????
small ?????????
socks ?????
suit ??????
sweater ??????
sweatshirt ????????
umbrella ??????
wool ??????

Other house stuff in Russian


cup ????? book ?????
fork ????? magazine ??????
glass ?????? newspaper ??????
kettle ?????? poetry ??????
knife ???
napkin ???????? breakfast ???????
plate ??????? lunch ?????? ???????
spoon ????? dinner ????
supper ????

Other house stuff in Russian


antibiotic ?????????? cream ????
aspirin ??????? deodorant ??????????
bandage ???? hair spray ??? ??? ?????
eye drops ??????? ????? jewelry ????????? ???????
plaster ???????? lipstick ?????? ??????
thermometer ????????? nail polish ??? ??? ??????
toothbrush ?????? ????? pearl ??????
toothpaste ?????? ????? perfume ????
vitamin pills ???????? shampoo ???????
soap ????
watch ????

Questions in Russian
How much money? ??????? ?????? Who? ????
How much/many? ???????? What's the matter? ? ??? ?????
How? ???? What do you need? ??? ??? ??????
What did you say? ??? ?? ???????? When? ??????
What is this? ??? ???? Which? ??????/ ????????
What time is it? ??????? ???? What do you want? ??? ?? ???????
What's the date ????? ??????? ?????? What are you doing? ??? ?? ????????
today?
Where from? ??????? What's happened? ??? ??????????
Where? ???? What? ????
Who is this? ??? ???? O.K.? ???????
Why? ???????

List of Russian Adjectives


bad ?????? long, tall ???????
big, large ??????? loud ???????
cheap ??????? low, short ??????
clean ?????? narrow ?????
deep ???????? near ???????
difficult ??????? old ??????
dirty ??????? poor ??????
early ?????? quiet ?????
expensive ??????? rich ???????
far ??????? shallow ??????
fat ??????? short ????????
good ??????? simple ???????
hard ??????? soft ??????
heavy ??????? strong ???????
high, tall ??????? thin ??????
late ??????? weak ??????
light, easy ?????? wide ???????
small ????????? young ???????

List of Russian Adverbs


afterwards ????? some ?????????
almost ????? some kind of ?????-??
already ??? someone ???-??
also, too ?????, ???? something ???-??
always ?????? sometimes ??????
any kind of ?????-?????? somewhere ???-??
anyone ???-?????? still (???) ???
anything ???-?????? such ?????
anywhere ???-?????? suddenly ?????
as ??? then ?????
as far/much as ????????? then ?????
because ?????? ??? there ???
entirely ?????????? therefore ??????
everywhere ????? this much/many ???????
here ?????, ??? together ??????
immediately ????? usually ??????
never ??????? very ?????
nobody ????? which/who/whom ???????
nothing ?????? yet ???
nowhere ????? (from) anywhere ??????-??????
quite ?????? (from) somewhere ??????-??
several ????????? (to) anywhere ????-??????
so ???, ??????? (to) somewhere ????-??

Time Vocabulary in Russian


early ???? Sunday ???????????
later on ????? week ??????
soon ????? month ?????
in time ??????? this month ???? ?????
I'll be back in a ? ????? ???????. next month ????????? ?????
moment.
second ??????? January ??????
minute ?????? February ???????
hour ??? March ????
day ???? April a?????
morning ???? May ???
noon ??????? June ????
evening ????? July ????
night ???? August ??????
tonight ??????? ??????? September ????????
today ??????? October ???????
yesterday ????? November ??????
the day before ????????? December ???????
yesterday
tomorrow ?????? winter ????
the day after ??????????? spring ?????
tomorrow
Monday ??????????? summer ????
Tuesday ??????? autumn ?????
Wednesday ????? year ???
Thursday ??????? this year ???? ???
Friday ??????? last year ??????? ???
Saturday ??????? next year ????????? ???

Countries & Nationalities in Russian


Afghani ???????/ ??????? Indian ??????/ ????????
Afghanistan ?????????? Indonesia ?????????
Algeria ????? Indonesian ??????????/ ???????????
Algerian ???????/ ??????? Ireland ????????
American ??????????/ ?????????? Irish ????????/ ????????
Argentina ????????? Israel ???????
Argentinean ??????????/ ?????????? Israeli ????????????/ ????????????
Australia ????????? Italian ?????????/ ?????????
Australian ??????????/ ??????????? Italy ??????
Austria ??????? Japan ??????
Austrian ????????/ ????????? Japanese ??????/ ??????
Belgium ????????/ ????????? Korea ?????
Belgium ??????? Korean ??????/ ????????
Brazil ???????? Mexican ??????????/ ??????????
Brazilian ????????/ ??????????? Mexico ???????
British ??????????/ ?????????? Mongolia ????????
Canada ?????? Mongolian ??????/ ????????
Canadian ???????/ ??????? Morocco M??????
China ????? Moroccan M???????????
Chinese ??????/ ??????? Norway ????????
Czech ???/ ????? Norwegian ????????/ ????????
Czech Republic ????? Pakistan ????????
Danish ????????/ ???????? Pakistani ??????????/ ??????????
Denmark ????? Poland ??????
Dutch ?????????/ ????????? Polish ???????????
Egypt ?????? Romania ???????
Egyptian ?????????/ ????????? Romanian ?????/ ???????
Finland ????????? Scotland ?????????
Finnish ????/ ????? Scottish ?????????/ ?????????
France ??????? Spain ???????
French ???????/ ??????????? Spanish ???????/ ???????
German ?????/ ????? Sweden ??????
Germany ???????? Swedish ????/ ??????
Greece ?????? Swiss ?????????/ ?????????
Greek ????/ ???????? Switzerland ?????????
Holland ????????? Turkey ??????
Hungarian ?????/ ???????? Turkish ?????/ ??????
Hungary ??????? United Kingdom ???????????????
India ????? USA ???????????-?????-???????

Colors in Russian
color ????
black ??????
blue ?????
brown ??????????
gray ?????
green ???????
pink ???????
red ???????
white ?????
yellow ??????
Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com

Russian Vocabulary such as: Food, Clothes in Russian, Family, Questions in Russian, List of Adjectives, List of
Adverbs in Russian, Time, Countrie, Nationalities in Russian…
Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Russian Expressions (Conversations)


Speak7 2006 © speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

In this page you will find:

Russian Expressions, Conversations, Russian Greetings, Survival Phrases, and more

This is a list of possible expressions that may be needed in a conversation; it contains about 300 expressions, third of them is already
in Russian 101 phrases.

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian
Grammar
Alphabet Russian Greetings
Numbers Hi! ??????!
Verbs Good morning! ?????? ????!
Cases Good evening! ?????? ????/ ?????!
Nouns Welcome! (to greet someone) ????? ??????????!
Adjectives How are you? ??? ?????
Interrogative/
I'm fine, thanks! ??????, ???????!
Negation
And you? ? ? ?????
Good/ so-so. ??????/??? ????
Thank you (very much)! ???????!
You're welcome! (for "thank you") ??????????!
Hey! Friend! ??, ????\ ??, ????????.
I missed you so much! ? ??? ?????? ??????/a ?? ????
What's new? ??? ???????
How's it going? (informal) ??? ?????
Vocabulary & Nothing much ???????\ ??????.
Writings Good night! ????????? ????
Russian 101 See you later! ?? ???????/ ?? ????????
Phrases Good bye! ????/?? ????????
Vocabulary
Russian
Help & Directions:
Expressions
Write a Russian
Letter Where is the (hospital/ pharmacy)? ??? (????????/ ??????)?
Russian Test Is it far? ??? ???????
(.PDF) No, it's near. ???, ??? ??????.
How to Learn a Turn right. ????????? ???????.
Language Turn left. ????????? ??????.
Go straight ahead. ????? ?????.
More will be Taxi! ?????!
available soon I'm in a hurry. ? ?????.
Please stop here ??????????, ???????????? ?????.
Please wait for me! ??????????, ????????? ????!
How much (do I owe you)? ??????? ? ?????
Where is the nearest bus stop? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??????????
What is the fare? ??????? ????? ???????
What line should I take? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????
I would like to see downtown ? ????? (??????) ?? ?????????? ????? ??????.
What is the name of this palace? ??? ?????????? ???? ???????
I'm Lost ? ??????????
Can I help you? ? ???? ??? ???????
Can you help me? ?? ?????? ??? ???????
Where is the (bathroom/ pharmacy)? ??? ????????? (??????/ ??????)
Go straight! Then turn left/ right! ????? ?????, ????? ??????/???????
I'm looking for John. ? ??? ?????.
One moment please! ??????, ??????????.
Hold on please! (phone) ?????????, ??????????!
How much is this? ??????? ??? ??????
Excuse me ...! ( to ask for ????????\????????
something)
Excuse me! ( to pass by) ????????!
Come with me! ???????? ?? ????!

Personal Info:

Do you speak (English/ Russian)? ?? ???????? ??-?????????/??-???????


Just a little. ??, ???????
What's your Name? ??? ??? ??????
Let me introduce myself. ????????? ?????????????.
I want you to meet my wife/ my ????????????? ? ???? ?????/ ???? ?????.
husband.
I am very happy to meet you. ????? ??? (????)
My name is …. ???? ????? …
Mr.../ Mrs.…/ Miss… ?-?/?-?? {????????/ ???????}
Name (first name) ???
last name ???????
Patronymic (middle name) ????????
What is your family name? ????? ? ???? ????????
My family name is … ??? ??????? …
single man ???????? ???????
single woman ???????? ???????
I have a son/ a daughter. ? ???? ???? ???/ ????.
I don't have children. ? ???? ??? ?????.
What is your native language? ????? ????/??? ?????? ?????
My native language is English. ??? ?????? ???? - ??????????.
French ???????????
German ????????
Spanish ?????????
Italian ???????????
Arabic ????????
Russian ???????
What languages do you speak? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????????
I speak English, French, Spanish. ? ?????? ??-?????????, ??-??????????, ??-????????.
I don't know Russian. ? ?? ???? ???????.
I speak poor Russian. ? ????? ?????? ??-??????.
I want to learn Russian. ? ???? ??????? ???????.
How tall are you? ?????? ?? ??????
I am tall. ? ??????? (???????).
I am not tall. ? ????????? (?????????)
How much do you weigh? ??????? ?? ???????
I weigh 65 kg. ? ???? 75 ??.
Are you married? ?? ?????? (???????)?
Do you have children? ? ??? ???? ?????
Yes, I have. ??. ? ???? ????.
No, I don't have (any). ???. ? ???? ???.
Nice to meet you! ????? ???????
You're very kind! ?? ????? ?????
Where are you from? ?? ???????
I'm from (the U.S/ Russia) ?? (??????/ ??????)
I’m (American) ? ??????????
Where do you live? ??? ?? ???????
I live in (the U.S/ Russia) ( ????) ? ??????/ ? ??????
Did you like it here? ??? ????? ????????????
Russia is a wonderful country ??????-????????????? ??????!
What do you do for a living? ??? ?? ????????????
I work as a (translator/ (?) ??????? (????????????/ ???????????)
businessman)
I like Russian ??? ???????? ???????
I've been learning Russian for 1 ? ???? ??????? 1 ?????
month
Oh! that's good! ?! ??? ??????!
How old are you? ??????? ??? ????
I'm (twenty, thirty…) Years Old. ??? (????????/ ????????) ???
Have you got any plans for ????? ? ??? ????? ?? ???????
tomorrow?
May I invite you to a restaurant? ????? ??? ?????????? ? ?????????
See you tomorrow. ?? ??????.
Very happy to see you. ????? ??? (????) ??? ??????.
You look wonderful! ?? ??????????? ?????????!
Thank you for the compliment. ??????? ?? ??????????.
Let's be more informal with each ??????? ???????? ?? "??".
other.
Here's my address and phone ??? ??? ????? ? ???????.
number.
How long will you be here? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????
I'll stay here for about a week. ? ??????? ????? ????? ??????.
How do you like Moscow? ??? ??? ???????? ???????
It's a beautiful city. ??? ???????? ?????.
What do you want to see in Russia? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ? ???????
What do you know about Russia? ??? ?? ?????? ? ???????
I don't agree with it. ? ?? ???????? (????????) ? ????.
Have you ever been here before? ?? ???? ????? ???????
It's my first trip to Russia. ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ? ??????.
I enjoyed my stay here. ??? ????? ??????????? ?????.
Have you ever been to the USA? ?? ?????-?????? ???? ? ????
No, never. ???, ???????.
You'll enjoy the trip. ?? ???????? ???????????? ?? ???? ???????.
With pleasure! ? ?????????????!
What do you do in your spare time? ??? ?? ??????????? ? ????????? ??????
I play sports. ? ????????? ???????.
I like to travel. ??? ???????? ...
Let me accompany you. ????????? ??? ????????? ???.
I hope to see you soon. ??????? ?????? ??????????? ? ????.
Sure! ???????!
Wonderful! Awesome! ????????????!
I must be going now! ? ?????? (??????) ????.
Hope we’ll meet again. ???????, ?? ??? ????????.
I Have To Go ??? ????? ????
I Will Be Right Back! ? ?????? ???????

Wishes:

All the best! ????? ????????!


Bless you (when sneezing) ?????? ???????!
Congratulations! ??????????!
Enjoy! (For meals…) ?? ????????!
Good luck! ?????!
Good night & sweet dreams! ????????? ???? ? ???????? ????!
Happy birthday! ? ???? ????????!
Happy new year! ? ????? ?????!
I will miss you. ? ???? ??????? ?? ????.
I'd like to visit your country one day ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ? ????? ??????
Merry christmas! ? ??????????!
Say hi to John for me. ????????? ????? ?? ???? ??????!
Take care of yourself! ?????? ????!

Misunderstanding:

I'm sorry! (if you don't hear ???????? ????, ??? ?? ????????
something)
Sorry (for a mistake) ????????/ ????????
No problem! ??? ???????
Can you say it again? ?????????, ??????????
Can you speak slowly? ????? ??-??????????
Write it down please! ????????, ??????????
I don't understand! ? ?? ???????
I don't know! ?? ????
I have no idea. ??????? ?? ????
What's that called in russian? ??? ??? ??????? ??-???????
What does "horosho" mean in ??? ?????? «horosho» ?? ???????????
english?
How do you say "please" in russian? ??? ??????? "please" ??-???????
What is this? ??? ????
My russian is bad. ? ???? ????? ? ???????
I need to practice my Russian ??? ????? ?????????????? ? ???????
Don't worry! ?? ????????????

Expressions & Words:

Perhaps. ????? ????.


Certainly. ???????.
That’s bad. ??? ?????.
Please. ??????????.
Help! ????????!
Oh! A?!
Oops! ? ???!
Cool! ?????!
(very well) ?????!
buddy ?????
bastard ???????
damn! ????!
hurry up! ????????!
Very interesting! ????? ?????????!
How beautiful! ??? ???????!
Permitted ?????????
Forbidden ?????????
That's it! ??? ???!
Done! ??????!
Sit down! ????????!
Stand up! ????????!
Good/ Bad/ So-So. ???????/??????/??? ????
Big/ Small ????????? {-??} {-??} / ??????? {-??} {-??}
Today/ Now ???????/ ??????
Tomorrow/ Yesterday ??????/ ?????
Yes/ No ??/ ???
Here you go! (when giving ???/ ???, ????????
something)
Do you like it? ??? (???) ?????????
I really like it! ??? (???) ????? ????????!
I'm hungry/ thirsty. ? ???? ????/ ? ???? ????
In the morning/ evening/ at night. ?????/ ???????/ ?????
This/ That. Here/There ???/??. ?????/???
To me/To you. To him/ To her. ??? / ???? (???). ??? / ??
Really! ?? ????? ????
Look! (??)??????!
I have a reservation. ??? ???? ???????????? ?????.
I would like (a single/ double room). ? ????? (??????) ?? (???????????/ ???????????) ?????.
Is breakfast included? ??????? ????????
It's very important. ??? ????? ?????.
Did you enjoy your stay at our ??? ??????????? ???? ??????????
hotel?
I enjoyed my stay here. ? ??????? (????????) ??????????? ?????.
Where are you staying? ??? ?? ?????????????
At what hotel? ? ????? ??????????
Hurry Up! ??????????! (????? ... /??????? ...)
What? Where? ???? ????
What time is it? ??????? ?????? ????????
It's 10 o'clock. 07:30pm. ?????? ?????/ ???? ???????? ??????
Give me this! ??? ??? … ????? ??? ...
I Love You! ? ???? ?????
One, Two, Three ????, ???, ???
Four, Five, Six ??????, ????, ?????
Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten ????, ??????, ??????, ??????
How is the weather today? ????? ??????? ???????
The weather is (fine/ bad) ?????? (???????/ ??????).
Today it is (hot/ cold) ??????? (?????/ ???????).
It’s snowing. ???? ????.
It’s raining. ???? ?????.
Would you like to visit me? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????
Oh yes! ? ??!
As soon as possible ??? ????? ??????
Don't worry. He ????????????.
How do you feel today? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ????????
I feel bad. ??? ?????.
I feel sick. ???? ??????.
I have a fever. ? ???? ???????????.
I have a headache. ? ???? ????? ??????.
I have a toothache. ? ???? ????? ???.
Lie down! ????????!
Please call (a doctor/ an ambulance) ??????????, ???????? (?????/ ?????? ??????)
Please give me something for a ??????????, ????? ??? ???-?????? ?? ???????????.
fever.
We need a doctor. ??? ????? ????.
Where can I find a pharmacy? ??? ????? ???????
O.K. ??????.
Yes, certainly. ??, ???????.
With pleasure! ? ?????????????!
I agree. ? ???????? (????????)
I don't agree. ? ?? ???????? (????????)
I think so. ?????, ??? ??.
Where is (the restaurant/ the café)? ??? (????????/ ????)?
Could you recommend a good ?? ????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????
restaurant?
Follow me, please. ???????? ?? ????, ??????????.
The menu, please. ????, ??????????.
What specialties do you have? ????? ? ??? ????????? ??????
What is this? ??? ????
More please. ???, ??????????.
Do you want anything to drink? ?????? ???-?????? ???????
With pleasure! ? ?????????????!
Waitress! ??????????!
Waiter! ????????!
To your health! ?? ???? ????????!
It was delicious! ???? ????? ??????!
The bill, please. ????, ??????????.
Is the tip included? ???????? ?? ???????
I would like to pay with a credit ? ????? (??????) ?? ???????????? ????????? ??????.
card.
Do you accept VISA credit cards? ?? ?????????? ????????? ????? VISA?
Come back again! ????????? ???!

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com

Russian Expressions, Conversations, Russian Greetings, Survival Phrases, and more


Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions More…

Writing letters in Russian


Speak7 2006 ©

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

You will learn in this lesson: how to write a simple letter in Russian, writing a Russian letter to a penpal.

Learn Russian fast with Transparent Language software


Learn Russian (??????? ????)
Russian Writing letters is a good way to learn Russian. Having new penpal friends who speak the language you’re
Grammar learning will give you a chance to put into words what you’ve learned in grammar, vocabulary …, the point is
Alphabet to make an effort constructing phrases and expressions, both by using a dictionary and from what you’ve
Numbers learned in general, in many ways writing letters to penpals will certainly help you a lot in your learning path.
Verbs Below is a sample of an English/ Russian letter that you may take as an example to your first step in having
Cases
pen pals, or simply for the purpose of introducing yourself in Russian, you will notice that I sometimes include
Nouns
Adjectives more than one possibility, for example you will find more than one nationality in the same phrase (English/
Interrogative/ British), that way you can choose the most appropriate to you, modify it, delete, or add whatever you want, if
Negation you need some more vocabulary check the home page, also you will be able to find some additional phrases at
the phrases page …

The English Letter Sample


Dear....
My name is Speak7 , I started learning Russian lately, and I thought it's a good idea to have some penpal
friends who speak the language, that way I can practice what I learned in Russian, and make new friends at
the same time.
Vocabulary & Let me tell you more about myself, I'm 26 years old, I’m a young (1) American / British (2) male (3), I live
Writings in Washington/ London (4), I study languages (5), I work as a surgeon/ carpenter/ mechanic (6), English
Russian 101 (7) is my native language, I have one brother (8), and one sister (9), I have one son (10), one daughter (10),
Phrases I live with my parents (11), I live by myself (12), I'm single (13), I’m married (14).
Vocabulary
In my free time I like to listen to music (15), watch movies, documentaries... I like to travel and meet new
Russian
Expressions
people...and much more.
Write a Russian I want to learn Russian because I love it, I also want to learn it for my job/ my husband (16)/ my sons (17),
Letter and above all I think it's a nice language.
Russian Test As you can see, I can already write in Russian, but I still need to improve, because my vocabulary is limited,
(.PDF) and I also use a dictionary a lot.
How to Learn a I hope to receive a letter from you soon, with information about yourself and what you like to do ...I also
Language hope that you can help me improve my level in Russian.
My friendly greetings to you.
More will be
Speak7
available soon

The Russian Letter Example


???????/ ???????, (addressing a female)
???? ????? ?????. ??????? ? ?????/-? ????? ??????? ???? ? ? ???????/-?, ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???????
??????? ? ?????????????? ????????. ????? ??????? ? ?? ??????????/-??? ? ???, ??? ??????/-? ? ?????
??????? ?????/-? ?? ????? ????????.
???????? ? ????: ??? 26 ???, ? ???????/-?? (1) ??????????/-?? / ??????????/-?? (2, 3), ???? ? ????????
??/ ??????? (4), ?????? ????? (5), ??????? ????????/ ????????/ ????????? (6). ?????????? (7) - ??? ??
???? ????. ? ???? ???? ???? (8) ? ?????? (9), ??? (10)/ ???? (10), ? ???? ? ?????????? (11)/ ????/ ????
(12), ? ??????/ ?? ??????? (13)/ ?????/ ??????? (14).
? ????????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ?????? (15), ???????? ??????????????/?????????????? ??????, ??
?????????????, ??????????? ? ???????? ? ?????? ??????.
? ???? ??????? ??????? ????, ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????????, ? ????? ??? ??????/ ??????? ? ????? (16)/ ?
???????? (17), ? ?????? ??????, ??? ??? ???????? ????.
??? ?? ??????, ? ??? ???? ??-??????, ?? ???????? ? ????????, ??? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ?????????
? ??? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ? ???????.
? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ? ?????? ???????. ????????, ??????????, ? ????, ? ????? ??????????. ? ?????
???????, ??? ?? ???????? ??? ? ???????? ???????? ?????.
???? ??? ???, ?????? ???? ? ?????!
?????

Note:
I tried to put numbers at the end of some expressions so that you would know which is which in case you’re
confused, obviously you need to delete the expressions that don’t correspond to your personality, also some
numbered expressions may have other alternatives, for example:
(3, 7) = for other countries, languages, professions and nationalities, check the vocabulary pages or look them
up online if your country is not listed here.
(8 - 17) = delete the ones that don’t apply to you.
The blue font refers to the feminine suffix that you should add at the end of the word in case you choose to use
the feminine.

Speak7 2006 © speak7.com admin@speak7.com


Speak7.com receives advertising revenue from products featured on this website.
All Rights Reserved
Learn Languages with Speak7
It's all about languages!
Speak7 Speak7.com

I Like this Page Tell a Friend about this Page Save as Homepage

How to learn a foreign language is the one million dollar question, but actually there is no magic answer, it is
suggested that many aspects should be taken into consideration, as well as some tools used to learn a new
language, the good news is that there are methods and techniques that could be used for that purpose.

Language Components Language Tools


Vocabulary Memory
Grammar Practice
Writing Motivation
Listening & Speaking

Vocabulary: You will be amazed to know that normal people use only about 4000 words as their vocabulary
source, even though a language could contain a million word, still only a very small part of it is used in the every
day life, which is a good news. Another good and surprising new is that 50% of the words used everyday make
only between 100 to 200 words. So my advice to you is that when you memorize words, try to prioritize based on
your needs, give priority to words you think you may need in a normal conversations ... A smart way around
vocabulary can save you a lot of time and enables you to speed up your learning process. You may want to
memorize a number of words everyday, the number would depend on how much time you can dedicate to that and
also how fast you want to learn the language. Let's say you decided to memorize 20 words everyday, remember that
the more you memorize the harder it gets, once you memorized today's 20 words, tomorrow you will have first to
see if you still remember today's vocabulary, then you can add tomorrow's 20 new words, and so on.

Grammar: it's the element that helps you manipulate the vocabulary you already learned. It doesn't make sense to
have a car without knowing how to drive it; grammar shows you how to "drive" your vocabulary. How to play with
words, which word to place first or last, how to shape a word depending on the situation and needs, also it helps
you enrich your vocabulary, and show you tricks that can double the number of words you know just by simply
showing you a rule to follow, for example, let<92>s say you learned some words (adjectives) like: natural,
historical, exact, proud ... Grammar will tell you that if you add "-ly" to these words you will get an adverb that can
work in a whole different situation, that would allow you to use what you already memorized and "create" others
words from the original ones such as "naturally, historically, exactly, proudly... this rule could apply to thousands
of adjectives, that's a lot of time saved, and that<92>s just one example. This exists in all languages not just
English. Grammar will help you shape your vocabulary the way you want, just like clay, you can make different
shapes out of one piece of soft clay, and so can you with one word.

Writing: now you reached the part where you can combine vocabulary and grammar, and putting what you
learned into practice. For example you let<92>s say you have memorized the German words: Freund, aus,
Deutschland, and you learned in grammar how to use the possessive (mein/e, dein/e, sein/e...) also how to use the
verb (kommen: komme, kommst, kommt...), that will help you write a sentence like: mein Freund Gerhard kommt
aus Deutschland (my friend Gerhard is from Germany).
Basically writing is your first practice of what you have learned from vocabulary and grammar. There are many
ways you can write and learn at the same time, chatting or writing letters to penpals is a good way to start.

Listening & Speaking: when listening you're the "receiver", so always pay attention to "what" is said and "how"
it's said. Because before speaking you need to know how things are pronounced, if you're a new learner it may
seem that the speaker is speaking very fast, the more you improve the more your ears get adjusted, because your
brain will be processing the words at a faster pace due to some experience you gained. And since you're the
receiver you will be able to learn new things that you can add to your vocabulary list as well as to your grammar.
Speaking is just like writing; the one difference is that you need to use your mouth instead of your pen. This will
test all what you learned (vocabulary, grammar, writing and listening), it takes more effort and your brain works
harder because in addition to "putting all your skills into practice" you will have to do that way faster. When you
write you have enough time to write ideas and see if they're well organized, check for errors, change ideas ... but
you don't have that comfort when you speak, Speaking is more straightforward. The good news is that after enough
practice, speaking will become natural, almost like your native language, you will be using some efforts but
subconsciously, and maybe speaking will become the easiest thing to do.

Memory: Since vocabulary occupies a large place in every language, it can make or break your learner quest,
vocabulary is often a matter of associating a meaningless collection of syllables with a word in your own language.
Usually people associate these words by repetition or by saying the word in their own language and the foreign
language many times over. You can improve on this tedious way of learning by using for example the following
technique:
Mnemonics to link words, this method is based on using images to link a word in your own language with a word
in a foreign language. For example, if you're learning Spanish, and learned that bread in Spanish is "el pan", to
make it easy to memorize this new word, imagine bread on a frying "pan<94>, which will help you one connect
one thing to another in case you forgot. This is called the LinkWord technique, it can speed up your memorization
efficiency and therefore save you a lot of time, but you have to be creative and make a good association that you
may not forget.

Practice: it's what keeps you in the right path, first because it allows you to "play" with what you already know,
and discover what you don't know, also it helps you learn new things and best of all it prevent you from forgetting
what you already learned. Practice lets you know your level, and by knowing your actual level you can determine
you<92>re your next level would be.

Motivation: it's what keeps you going, and that's something you really need more than anything, because many
language learners lose interest within the first stages of their learning quest, that will not only mean that there will
be no improvement, but also may put everything you learned before at risk, because lack of motivation leads to
lack of practice, and gradually you will forget most of what you know.

Speak7 2005 - 2006 Speak7.com


Speak7.com receives advertising revenue from products featured on this website.
All Rights Reserved

Вам также может понравиться