28 Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(1): 28-34

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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Document heading doi: 2013 by the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. All rights reserved.

In vitro antioxidant activities of Solanum surattense leaf extract

*
Sridevi Muruhan1, Senthil Selvaraj2, Pugalendi Kodukkur Viswanathan3
1
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Vinayaka Missions Engineering College, Vinayaka Missions University, Ariyanoor-636301,
Tamilnadu, India
2
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201,
United States
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Tamilnadu, India
3

PEER REVIEW ABSTRACT

Peer reviewer Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant activity of alcoholic leaf-extract of Solanum surattense
D r. G . C handramohan, A ssistant ( S olanaceae ) ( S. surattense ) . Methods: L eaf extract were tested for in vitro free radical
Professor, Department of Community scavenging assays, such as hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide, inhibition of superoxide
Health Sciences, College of Applied anion radical and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH), total antioxidant activity
Medical Sciences, King Saud
and reducing ability. Further, total phenolic content of S. surattense was analyzed. Results: S.
U niversity, P . O . B ox 10219 , R iyadh,
surattense extract effectively scavenged free radicals at all different concentrations and showed
11433, Saudi Arabia.
Tel: +9664697434; its potent antioxidant activity. Further, these effects were in a dose dependent manner. Results
E-mail: gcmohanphd@yahoo.com were compared to standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene, ascorbic acid and
-tocopherol. Conclusions: S. surattense have strong antioxidant potential. Further the study
Comments validates the therapeutic benefits of the Indian system of medicine.
In this study the effect of alcoholic
leaf-extract of S. surattense on free
radical scavenging activity were
determined by in vitro model. S.
surattense were used at different
concentrations. And hydroxyl radical
and hydrogen peroxide, inhibition
of superoxide anion radical and
2 , 2 -diphenyl- 1 -picryl hydrazyl
( DPPH ) radical, total antioxidant
activity and reducing ability were
study. Nevertheless the data and the KEYWORDS
conclusion of this work are interesting. Solanum surattense, DPPH, Lipid peroxidation, Antioxidant
(Details on Page 33 )

1. Introduction effects on human health[1] has led to a growing interest in

The health promoting benefits of antioxidants of plants are
thought to be resulted from their potential effects against
the reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. Restriction on the use
of synthetic antioxidants due to their possible undesirable
natural antioxidants of plant origin in recent years . Hence, the
development of antioxidants from natural origin has attracted
considerable attention and is thought to be a desirable
development. Moreover, several studies have indicated that
medicinal plants contain a wide variety of natural antioxidants

* C orresponding author: D r. KV P ugalendi, M . S c., M . P hil., P h. D ., P rofessor & Article history:

Head, Department of Biochemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Received 15 Oct 2012
Tamilnadu, India. Received in revised form 20 Oct, 2nd revised form 23 Oct, 1 Nov 2012
Tel: +91-4144-238343 Accepted 13 Dec 2012
Fax: +91-4144-239141. Available online 28 Jan 2013
E-mail : drsridevimuruhan@gmail.com; pugale@sify.com
 Sridevi Muruhan et al./Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(1): 28-34
such as phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannins, which possess
antioxidant activity[2].
Solanum surattense (Solanaceae) (S. surattense) is commonly
used in Indian traditional medicine for curing various ailments
such as respiratory diseases, gonorrhoea, rheumatism, fever
and asthma[3]. The plant is useful in fever, cough, asthma
and pain in chest, being used in the form of decoction or
an electuary. The fruit and leaf extract possess significant
antihyperglycaemic activity[4-6]. There is an increasing interest
in natural antioxidants, e.g. polyphenols, present in medicinal
and dietary plants, which might help to prevent oxidative
damage[7].
Hence, our aim was to assess the antioxidant and free radical
scavenging activities of alcoholic leaf extract of S. surattense
and to determine its total phenolic content.
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Chemicals
Chemicals like 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH),
2,2-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)-
(ABTS), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), nitroblue
tetrazolium (NBT) and phenazine methosulphate (PMS) were
from Sigma (St. Louis, Missouri, USA). All other chemicals used
were of analytical grade obtained from E. Merck and HIMEDIA,
Mumbai, India.
2.2. Plant materials and extraction
Leaves of S. surattense were collected from local areas of
Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. The plant was botanically
identified and authenticated in the Department of Botany,
Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
and a voucher specimen (No. AU 189) was deposited at the
herbarium of botany.
2.3. Preparation of leaf extract
The plant leaves were shade dried at room temperature of (32
2) C and the dried leaves were ground into fine powder using
pulverizer. The powdered part was sieved and kept in deep
freezer until the time of use. One hundred grams of dry powder
was suspended in 400 mL of ethanol for 72 h. The extract was
filtered using a muslin cloth and concentrated at (405) C.
2.4. Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay
The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of S. surattense was
determined by the method of Halliwell et al[8]. In this assay,
hydroxyl radicals are produced by the reduction of H2O2 by
the transition metal (iron) in the presence of ascorbic acid.
The generation of hydroxyl radical is detected by its ability
to degrade deoxyribose to form products which forms a pink
29
colour chromogen when heating with TBA. Addition of S.
surattense competes with deoxyribose for hydroxyl radicals
and diminishes the colour formation. The incubation mixture
in a total volume of 1 mL contained 0.1 mL of buffer, varying
volumes of S. surattense (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g), 0.2 mL of
500 mol/L ferric chloride, 0.1 mL of 1mM ascorbic acid, 0.1 mL
of 1 mmol/L EDTA, 0.1 mL of 10 mmo/L hydrogen peroxide and
0.2 mL of 15 mmol/L 2-deoxyribose. The contents were mixed
thoroughly and incubated at room temperature for 60 min. Then
1 mL of 1% TBA (1 g in 100 mL of 0.05 N NaOH) and 1 mL of 28%
TCA were added. All the tubes were kept in a boiling water
bath for 30 min. The absorbance of the supernatant was read in
a spectrophotometer at 535 nm with reagent blank containing
water in place of extract. The percentage of scavenging was
determined. The efficiency of S. surattense was compared with
various concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g) of standard
-tocopherol (vitamin E). Decreased absorbance of the reaction
mixture indicated increased hydroxyl radical scavenging
activity. The percentage of scavenging was calculated as shown
below:
A0 - A1
% Scavenging [OH] = 100
A0
Where A0 was the absorbance of the control, and A1 was the
absorbance in the presence of the sample of S. surattense or
standard.
2.5. Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide
The ability of the S. surattense to scavenge H2O2 was
determined according to the method of Ruch et al[9]. A
solution of H2O2 (40 mmol/L) was prepared in phosphate
buffer ( p H 7 . 4 ) . H 2 O 2 concentration was determined
spectrophotometrically from absorption at 230 nm in a
spectrophotometer (SL 159, UV- Visible Spec, Elico, India).
Extracts (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g) in distilled water were
added to a H2O2 solution (0.6 mL, 40 mmol/L). Absorbance of H2O2
at 230 nm was determined after 10 min against a blank solution
containing phosphate buffer without H2O2. The percentage
of scavenging of H2O2 of S. surattense and -tocopherol was
calculated using the following equation:
A0-A1
% Scavenging [H2O2] = 100
A0
2.6. Superoxide anion scavenging activity
Superoxide anion scavenging activity of S. surattense
was determined by the method of Nishimiki et al.[10] with
modifications. The assay was based on the oxidation of NADH
by PMS to liberate PMSred. PMSred converted oxidized nitroblue
tetrazolium (NBToxi) to the reduced form NBTred, which formed
a violet colour complex. In the PMS-NADH-NBT system,
superoxide anion is derived from dissolved oxygen by PMS-
NADH coupling reaction and reduces NBT . T he colour
30 Sridevi Muruhan et al./Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(1): 28-34
formation indicated the generation of superoxide anion, which
was measured spectrophotometrically at 560 nm. A decrease in
the formation of colour after addition of the antioxidant was a
measure of its superoxide scavenging activity.
One millilitter of NBT (100 mol of NBT in 100 mmol/
L phosphate buffer, pH 7.4), 1 mL of NADH (468 mol in
100 mmol/L phosphate buffer, pH 7.4) solution and varying
volumes of S. surattense ( 50 , 100 , 150 , 200 and 250 g
concentration) were mixed well. The reaction was started
by the addition of 100 L of PMS (60 mol of 100 mmol/
L phosphate buffer, p H 7 . 4 ) . T he reaction mixture was
incubated at 30 C for 15 min. The absorbance was measured
at 560 nm in a spectrophotometer. Incubation without S.
surattense was used as blank. Ascorbic acid was used as
standard for comparison. Decreased absorbance of the
reaction mixture indicated increased superoxide anion
scavenging activity. The percentage of scavenging was
calculated as the previous equation.
2.7. DPPH radical scavenging activity
The radical scavenging activity of S. surattense against DPPH
was determined spectrophotometrically by the method of Brand
Williams et al[11]. DPPH reacts with an antioxidant compound
that can donate hydrogen and it gets reduced. The change in
colour (from deep violet to light yellow) was measured. DPPH
is a stable free radical and accepts an electron, or hydrogen
radical to become a stable diamagnetic molecule. The intensity
of the yellow colour depends on the amount and nature of
radical scavenger present.
A reaction mixture containing 1 mL of 0.1 mmol/L DPPH,
various concentration of S. surattense (20, 40, 60, 80 and
100 g) were made up to 3 mL using water. Then the tubes were
incubated for 10 min. The formed yellow colour chromophore
was measured at 517 nm. BHT was used as a standard for
comparison.
2.8. Total antioxidant activity by ABTS radical cation
decolorization assay
The total antioxidant activity of S. surattense was measured
by the method of ABTS radical cation decolourisation assay[12].
The improved technique for the generation of ABTS described
+
here involves the direct production of the blue/green ABTS+
chromophore through the reaction between ABTS + and
potassium persulphate. Addition of S. surattense and other
antioxidants compete with ABTS+ diminish the color formation.
ABTS was dissolved in water to a 7 mmol/L concentration.
+
ABTS was produced by reacting ABTS stock solution with
+ +
2.45 mmol/L potassium persulphate (final concentration) and
allowing the mixture to stand in the dark at room temperature
for 12 - 16 h before use. B ecause ABTS + and potassium
persulphate react stoichiometrically at a ratio of 1:0.5, this will
result in incomplete oxidation of the ABTS+. The incubation
mixture in a total volume of 5 mL contained 0.54 mL of ABTS+,
0.5 mL of 100 mmol/L phosphate buffer pH 7.4 and varying
concentrations of S. surattense (20, 40, 80, 120 and 160 g). The
blank contains water in place of samples. The absorbance was
read in a spectrophotometer at 734 nm and compared with
standard BHT at various concentrations (20, 40, 80, 120 and
160 g).
2.9. Reducing ability
The reducing power of S. surattense was determined by
the method of Oyaizu[13]. Substances which have reduction
potential react with potassium ferricyanide (Fe3+) to form
potassium ferrocyanide ( F e 2+) , which then reacts with
ferric chloride to form ferric-ferrous complex that has an
absorption maximum at 700 nm. Increase in the reduction
of ferric to ferrous ion increases the absorbance indicating
the reducing ability of S. surattense. Varying concentrations
of S. surattense (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 g) in double
distilled water was mixed with 2.5 mL of phosphate buffer
and 2.5 mL of potassium ferricyanide. The mixture was
incubated at 50 C for 20 min after which, 1.5 mL of TCA was
added and centrifuged at 3 000 g for 10 min. From all the
tubes, 0.5 mL of supernatant was mixed with 1 mL of distilled
water and 0.5 mL of ferric chloride. The absorbance was
measured at 700 nm in a spectrophotometer. -tocopherol
was used as a standard for comparison. I ncreased
absorbance of the reaction mixture indicates increasing
reducing power. Incubation with water in place of additives
was used as the blank.
2.10. Total polyphenolic content
Total phenolics in the S. surattense were determined using
Folin-Ciocalteau reagent by the method of Singleton and Rossi
using gallic acid as the standard[14].
Various concentrations of S. surattense (100, 200, 300, 400
and 500 g) were mixed with 2 mL of 2% sodium carbonate.
A fter 2 min, 0 . 1 m L of diluted F olins-phenol reagent
( 1 : 1 ratio with water ) was added and incubated at room
temperature for 30 min. The absorbance was measured
in a spectrophotometer at 720 nm. Standard gallic acid of
concentrations ranging from 10-50 g and water blank were
processed together. The total phenolic content in the extract
was expressed as gallic acid equivalents:
T otal polyphenolic Test OD
= [Standard concentration (g)]
content Standard OD
2.11. Phytochemical analysis
T he ethanolic extract analysis of S. surattense by
H arborne method showed the presence of alkaloids,
flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, triterpenoids and
sterols in our laboratory [15].
 Sridevi Muruhan et al./Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(1): 28-34
31

2.12. Statistical analysis derived from dissolved oxygen by PMS-NADH

coupling reaction and reduces NBT . T he decrease
A ll the values were expressed as means SD of six of absorbance at 560 nm with antioxidants indicates
determinations. the consumption of superoxide anion in the reaction
mi x t u re . T h e i n h i b i t i o n o f O 2 - w a s f o und to be
concentration dependent and the percentage of
3. Results inhibition by S. surattense was greater than ascorbic
acid.
3.1. Inhibition of hydroxyl radical 100

T he scavenging ability of S. surattense on OH . is 80

of inhibtion
shown in F igure 1 and compared with -tocopherol.
60
D egradation of deoxyribose by OH . released certain
products, which upon heating with TBA under acid 40
Ascorbic acid
condition would yield a pink colour with maximum

%
S. surattense
absorbance at 5 3 2 nm. S. surattense leaf-extract 20

exerted inhibition of OH . formation during incubation

0
period and percentage of inhibition is higher than 50 100 150 200 250
-tocopherol at all concentrations. Concentration (g/mL)

90
Figure 3. Inhibition of superoxide anion radical by S. surattense
80 leaf-extract and ascorbic acid.
70
of inhibtion

60
50 -tocopherol 3.4. Inhibition of DPPH radical
40 S. surattense
30
20
T he scavenging ability of S. surattense on DPPH is
%

10 shown in F igure 4 and compared with that of BHT .

0
T he scavenging effect of extract and standard on the
50 100 150 200 250
Concentration (g/mL) DPPH radical was expressed as percentage inhibition.
S. surattense exhibited effective antioxidant activity
Figrue 1. Hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of S. surattense leaf
extract and -tocopherol. and was better than BHT .
100
3.2. Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide 90
80
of inhibtion

70
T he scavenging ability of S. surattense on H 2 O 2 is 60
shown in F igure 2 and compared with -tocopherol. 50
40
BHT
S. surattense was capable of scavenging H 2 O 2 in a 30 S.surattense
%

20
dose-dependent manner and the scavenging activity 10
was better than -tocopherol at all concentrations. 0
20 40 60 80 100
90
Concentration (g/mL)
80
70 Figure 4. Inhibition of DPPH radical by S. surattense leaf extract and
of inhibtion

60 BHT.
50
40
-tocopherol
30 3.5. Total antioxidant activity-ABTS radical cation
%

20
S. surattense
decolourization assay
10
0
50 100 150 200 250 T otal antioxidant activity of S. surattense was
Concentration (g/mL) assessed by measuring the reduction of the ABTS radical
Figure 2. Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide by S. surattense leaf- cation as the percentage of inhibition at 734 nm. T he
extract and -tocopherol. effect of various concentrations of extract ( from 20
3.3. Inhibition of superoxide anion radical to 160 g ) on ABTS + radical is shown in F igure 5 . S.
f

surattense exhibited effective antioxidant activity. T he

T he superoxide anion scavenging ability of S. inhibition was found to be concentration dependent
surattense has been presented in F igure 3 . I n the and the antioxidant activity was better than the
PMS-NADH-NBT system, superoxide anion was standard BHT .
 32 Sridevi Muruhan et al./Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(1): 28-34

vivo by Fenton-type reactions, in which transition metals

70 (e.g. iron) reduce hydrogen peroxide. Reducing agents such
60 as ascorbic acid can accelerate OH. formation by reducing
50
Fe ions to Fe [18]. The result of this study shows the effect
of inhibtion

3+ 2+

40 BHT
30 S. surattense
of the extracts on the iron ( II ) -dependent deoxyribose
20 damage. The scavenging ability of S. surattense on OH. was
compared with -tocopherol. S. surattense exhibited more
%

10
0 pronounced hydroxyl radical scavenging activity compared
20 40 60 80 100
to -tocopherol in a dose-dependent manner. I n OH .
Concentration (g/mL)
radical scavenging assay the 50% inhibitory concentration
Figure 5. Total antioxidant activity of S. surattense leaf extract by (IC50) value of the extract was 154.03 g/mL. Phytochemical
ABTS radical cation decolourization assay.
studies of S. surattense leaf extract revealed the presence of
3.6. Reducing ability various bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids,
tannins, glycosides, triterpenoids and sterols, which may
Figure 6 shows the reductive capabilities of S. surattense be acting synergistically. The phenolic compounds have
and -tocopherol. The reducing power of S. surattense direct antioxidative activity due to their hydroxyl groups
increased concentration dependently and it showed higher and were found to play an important role in stabilizing
reducing power than -tocopherol. lipid peroxidation [19,20]. T anins have a characteristic
0.7 feature of metal chelation and also act through their redox
0.6 property and hydrogen donating potential[21].
Absorbance (700nm)

0.5 H2O2 itself is not very reactive, but it may be toxic to

0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
50 100 150 200 250
Concentration (g/mL)
Figure 6. R educing ability of S. surattense leaf extract and
-tocopherol.
3.7. Total phenolic content
The total phenolic content of S. surattense was estimated,
since phenolics may significantly contribute to its overall
antioxidant activity. The phenolic content of the extract
was 46.7 mg gallic acid equivalents.
4. Discussion
Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species including
superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen
peroxide are highly reactive and potentially damaging
transient chemical species formed in aerobic life. They are
well recognized for playing a dual role as both deleterious
and beneficial species, since they can be either harmful
or beneficial to living system. In the recent past, several
herbal drugs, which have free radical scavenging potential,
have gained importance in treating chronic diseases[16,17].
Among the oxygen radicals, hydroxyl radicals are the
most reactive and induce severe damage to the adjacent
biomolecules. I t can abstract hydrogen atoms from
biological molecules, including thiols, leading to the
formation of sulfur radicals capable to combine with oxygen
to generate oxysulfur radicals, a number of which damage
biological molecules. Hydroxyl radicals are produced in
-tocopherol
cell since it may give rise to hydroxyl radicals in cells.
S. surattense
S. surattense was capable of scavenging H2O2 in a dose-
dependent manner and the scavenging activity was better
than -tocopherol at all concentrations. In H2O2 scavenging
300 assay the IC 50 value of the extract was 147 . 23 g/m L .
S cavenging of H 2O 2 by S. surattense may be attributed
to their phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids,
phenolics etc. which could donate electrons to H2O2, thus
neutralizing it to water. Many authors also have correlated
antioxidant activity with their polyphenolic or phenolic
contents[22].
S uperoxide radical is known to be very harmful to
cellular components as a precursor of more reactive
oxidative species, such as singlet oxygen and hydroxyl
radicals. Furthermore, superoxide radical is considered
to play an important role in the peroxidation of lipids.
Therefore, studying the scavenging effects of S. surattense
on superoxide radicals is one of the most important ways
of clarifying the mechanism of antioxidant activity. The
inhibition of O2- was found to be concentration dependent
and the percentage of inhibition was greater than ascorbic
acid at all concentrations studied. The IC50 value of the
extract was 145.22 g/mL. (This sentence should be put in
the part of Results) In H2O2 scavenging assay the IC50 value
of the extract was 147.23 g/mL. These results indicated
that S. surattense had a notable effect in scavenging
superoxide radicals. Inhibition of superoxide generation by
S. surattense may be due to the presence of phytochemicals
such as flavonoids, alkaloids and phenolics[23].
The DPPH radicals were widely used to investigate the
scavenging activity of some natural compounds. Figure 4
shows the results of scavenging DPPH radical ability of S.
surattense at various concentrations in comparison with
same doses of BHT. In DPPH scavenging assay the IC50
 Sridevi Muruhan et al./Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(1): 28-34
value of the extract was 55.62 g/mL. S. surattense showed
dose-dependent DPPH radicals scavenging activity. The
decrease in absorbance of DPPH caused by antioxidants
is due to the reaction between antioxidant molecules and
radical, which results in the scavenging of the radical by
hydrogen donation. Similar results have been reported by
many authors[24,25].
T otal antioxidant activity of S. surattense was
determined by ABTS radical cation decolourization assay
by measuring the reduction of the radical cation as the
percentage inhibition. S. surattense (from 20 to 160 g)
exhibited effective antioxidant activity at all doses. The
scavenging effect of S. surattense and BHT was observed
to be linear increase in ABTS radical scavenging activity
with increasing concentration. The inhibition was found to
be concentration dependent and BHT. In ABTS scavenging
assay the IC50 value of the extract was 89.28 g/mL. The
antioxidant activity of S. surattense might be attributed to
the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and
phenolic compounds. Flavonoids possess a broad spectrum
of chemical and biological activities including radical
scavenging properties[26]. The antioxidative activity of S.
surattense may be due to the reduction of hydroperoxides,
inactivation of free radicals, or combination both.
T he reducing power of a compound may serve as a
significant indicator of its potential antioxidant activity[27].
I n T he reducing power increased with the increasing
amount of extract. The reducing capacity of plant may
serve as a significant indicator of its potential antioxidant
activity. Seddik et al. reported that the reducing power of
tannins prevents liver injury by inhibiting the formation
of lipid peroxides[28]. The reducing power of S. surattense
increased with increasing amount of sample.
P henolic compounds are known as powerful chain
breaking antioxidants. T he phenolic compounds may
contribute directly to antioxidative action. I n the S.
surattense 46.7 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of phenols
were detected. The phenolic compounds may contribute
directly to the antioxidative action[29]. The result indicates
a strong association between antioxidative activities
and phenolic compound, suggesting that phenolic
compounds are probably responsible for the antioxidative
activities of S. surattense. Phenolic compounds are also
effective hydrogen donors, which makes them good
antioxidants[30,31]. T hus, the therapeutic properties of
S. surattense may be possibly attributed to the phenolic
compounds present.
S. surattense confirms its potent in vivo antioxidant
activity in STZ-diabetic rats[32]. The reported activity may
be due to the presence of the phytochemicals and their
free radical scavenging ability.
Determination of the natural antioxidant compounds of
plant extracts will help to develop new drug candidates for
antioxidant therapy[33]. The present study proved potent
33
antioxidant activity of S. surattense and can be used as
accessible source of natural antioxidants or nutraceuticals
with potential application to reduce oxidative stress with
consequent health benefits.
Conflict of interest statement
We declare that we have no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgements
T he financial support was from U niversity research
fellowship from A nnamalai U niversity, C hidambaram,
Tamil nadu. Dr. M. Sridevi is gratefully acknowledged.
Comments
Background
T he goal of this study was to evaluate the in vitro
antioxidant activities of S. surattense leaf extract. T he
authors show that S. surattense leaf extract has antioxidant
activities. The findings are novel and the paper shows
some promising results.
Research frontiers
Studies indicated that S. surattense extract effectively
scavenged free radicals and, proving its potent antioxidant
activity. Results were compared to standard antioxidants.
Related reports
Sridevi et al. (2011) reported that S. surattense leaf extract
has antioxidant potential in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
Innovations and breakthroughs
Datas shows that S. surattense alcoholic leaf extract has
antioxidant activities (In vitro model).
Applications
S. surattense leaf extract has antioxidant properties.
This extract may be used for cardiovascular diseases after
completing necessary trials.
Peer review
I n this study the effect of alcoholic leaf-extract of
S. surattense on free radical scavenging activity were
determined by in vitro model. S. surattense were used
at different concentrations, and scavenging activity of
hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide, inhibition of
superoxide anion radical and 2 , 2 -diphenyl- 1 -picryl
hydrazyl ( DPPH ) radical, total antioxidant activity and
reducing ability were studied. Nevertheless, the data and
the conclusion of this work are interesting.
34 Sridevi Muruhan et al./Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(1): 28-34
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