SOP Manual for Outdoor Activities

Standard Operating
Procedures
Introduction:
This document contains information relating to the safe working practice of Reach Outdoors
ltd; a provider of Outdoor Education and Adventurous Activities. The document contains
Standard Operating procedures for licensed activities under the Health and Safety
Executives (HSEs) Adventure Activities Licensing Service (AALS). Also included are
generic operating procedures for day to day running of the operation including lines of
responsibility, health and safety, emergency procedures, staff training and continual
professional development (CPD), accident and near miss reporting, pre-course information
and a competency matrix relating to all activities delivered by Reach Outdoors. Generic Risk
Assessments for all activities are included in the appendices.
Index:
1.0 - Lines of Responsibility

2.0 - Competency Matrix (activity specific)
2.1 - AALS
3.0 - Staffing
3.1 - Employment and assessment of staff
3.2 - Staff code of conduct
3.3 - General ratios
3.4 - Induction procedure
3.5 - Training and cpd
4.0 - Accident and dangerous occurrence reporting
4.1 - Definitions
4.2 - Reporting procedure
4.3 - RIDDOR
5.0 - Emergency Procedures
6.0 - Supervision and ratios
6.1 - General
6.2 - Level of supervision
7.0 - Equipment
7.1 - General
7.2 - Group kit
7.3 - PPE
7.4 - Purchasing kit
8.0 - Child protection
8.1 - Duty of care
8.2 - Vulnerable group definition
8.3 - Good practice guidelines
8.4 - Definitions of abuse
8.5 - Dealing with disclosures or discovery of abuse
8.6 - CRB
9.0 - Activity specific Operating procedures
9.1 - Rock climbing
9.2 - Abseiling
9.3 - Gorge scrambling
9.4 - Coasteering/sea level traversing
9.5 - Hill walking
9.6 - Off road cycling
9.7 - Open Canoeing/Kayaking
9.8 - Improvised raftbuild
9.9 - Pre Course infomation
Appendices:
Leptospirosis information, Ticks and Lymes disease, Incident and dangerous occurrence form,medical
form, acknowledgement of risk form, Directors profile. Risk assessments,
1.0 Lines of responsibility
High
Rachel Mayhew Ashley Hone (Ml, Richard Hanbury

(SPA, Ml, ERCA) CWA, BCU L2) (RYA SI, BCU L2,
(Rock Climbing, (Hillwalking, Gorge CWA)
Abseiling, Off Road Scrambling, (Canoeing,
Cycling) Coasteering) Kayaking,
Improvised
level of responsibility
rafting)
Input from Technical advisor
Freelance and short term employed

instructors
Low
Summary: The three directors (Ashley Hone, Rachel Mayhew, Richard Hanbury) share overall
responsibility for the operations of Reach Outdoors. Specifically they have responsibility for the
activities listed on the diagram above. This is due to the individuals experience, qualifications and
knowledge of the activities and related operations.
Technical Advisor: Bill Beynon (Wla Play) The directors will obtain guidance and advice from the
technical advisor as appropriate. Training within licenced activities is to be approved by the technical
advisor. Where specific consent is given by the technical advisor as to an individuals suitability to
deliver at a specified activity, remit or location, the technical advisor accepts responsibility.
Freelance and employed staff: Any employee or contracted freelance staff of Reach Outdoors
accepts personal responsibility for activities and services provided in relation to activities that require
a certified coaching/instructor/guiding award. As long as employees operate within the Standard
operating procedures and adhere to risk assessments produced by Reach Outdoors, the directors
accept responsibility. If employees operate outside of these parameters of their own accord and
without consent from the directors the employee will accept responsibility and liability.
2.0 Competency Matrix
Activity Activity description, Minimum Qualification Technical Advisor Additional info, Special
limitations and conditions required endorsement conditions
Rock Climbing Single pitch climbing at MT SPA Must have coastal cliff
risk assessed crags, endorsement to deliver on
summer conditions (see crags deemed coastal
additional for coastal cliffs)
Climbing and abseiling Top rope, bottom belay at MT CWA Must have abseil module
(indoor) indoor walls or artificial included to run abseils
structures from towers or walls
Abseiling At crags or from suitable MT SPA Or technical advisors
structures with permission endorsement
from technical advisor
Off Road Cycling Non mountainous tracks Trail Cycle leader or Or technical advisors
suitable for mountain bikes equivalent endorsement
no more than 30 mins walk
from a road, summer
conditions, UK only
Hill Walking Rural paths, Moorland, MT WGL Or technical advisors
Non-Mountainous Fells, upland, downs. endorsement
Below 600m above sea
level, no more than 30
mins from a road, summer
conditions in the UK
Hill Walking Terrain above 600m, non MT ML (summer
Mountainous graded. Summer conditions)
conditions in the UK
Coasteering Sites approved by the Coasteering Leadership Or technical advisors Directors Obs and Sign off
Technical advisor and risk award & Coasteering first endorsement required for specific sites
assessed by Reach aid and rescue training in
Outdoors line with the National
Coasteering Charter
Group. Or, one land and
one coastal ngb coupled
with experience and
Observation, see 9.4.
Gorge Scrambling Sites approved by the Gorge scrambling A course delivered by or All Leaders to be sign off
Technical advisor and risk Leadership award & Gorge approved by technical by technical advisor at
assessed by Reach scrambling first aid and advisor specific locations
Outdoors rescue training
Canoeing Very sheltered Lakes, UKCC/BCU Level 1 Coach To be signed off at
rivers, lochs, canals or locations by a director with
reservoirs Level 2
Canoeing (graded and Grade 1 & 2 river sections UKCC/BCU Level two
moderate water) in the uk Coach, 4 star Canoe and
moderate water
endorsement
Kayaking (inland) Very sheltered Lakes, UKCC/BCU Level 1 Coach To be signed off at
rivers, lochs, canals or locations by a director with
reservoirs Level 2
Kayaking (tidal) Sheltered bays, estuaries UKCC/BCU Level two
and tidal rivers, no more Coach, 3 star sea kayaking
than 200m away from safe
landing
Kayaking (tidal) more than short (six to eight miles, of UKCC/BCU Level two
200m from shelter at least three hours Coach, 4 star sea kayak
paddling). Journeys in Leadership
moderate tidal water
environment with winds
not exceeding force 4/Sea
State 4
Improvised Rafting Very sheltered lakes, bays. UKCC/BCU Level 1 Coach To be signed off at
locations by a director with
Level 2
2.1 Adventure Activities Licensing Regulations 1996
http://www.aals.org.uk
All staff involved in the delivery of activities, that are within the scope of the licensing regulations, must understand;
The conditions of the applicable Adventure Activities Licence*
The activities to which the above conditions apply
The age of the clients to which the above conditions apply
All staff must ensure that no activity, within the scope of licensing regulations, is offered to any person under the age of 18 years, unless it is covered
by a Licence* and can be delivered in accordance with the conditions that the Licence* states.
NOTE: The 'conditions' referred to in above include:

Age of participants
Operating areas
Environmental conditions
Operating seasons
Qualifications & experience of staff
Staff: participant ratio
Nature of client group (special needs)
Reach Outdoors SOP's are applicable to all activities (irrespective of whether they are within the scope of the Adventure Activities Licensing Regulations).
Therefore, within this document, the above conditions are only referred to where specifically appropriate.
3.0 Staffing
3.1- Employment and assessment of staff
Any employee of Reach Outdoors whether freelance, fulltime or short contracted will be subject to the
same assessment and vetting procedure. Upon application all staff will need to provide originals of
NGB qualifications or qualifications relevant to the activities that they are required to deliver and a
current outdoor first aid certificate (e.g. REC, ITC). Staff must also show evidence of membership to
professional bodies where relevant and provide evidence of being current in activities in the form of a
logbook. All relevant paperwork will be copied and kept on file.
Before any member of staff is able to operate independently for Reach Outdoors they will be
observed and signed off by the director who accepts responsibility for the activity they are to deliver.
On-going observation will take place with every employee being observed at least once in any given
year and being re observed if a break of more than three months of the date of last employment.
3.2 Staff code of conduct
Staff must arrive on time to the required location of work

Staff must come suitably equipped for the activity they are to deliver
Staff must not be under the influence of drugs or alcohol
Staff must wear the uniform provided by Reach Outdoors
Staff must present a professional image of themselves and the company at all times
3.3 - General ratios
Activity ratios will never exceed 1:15 at Reach Outdoors when involved in direct supervision. Where
appropriate, ratios will be in accordance with NGB recommendations and this will be detailed in the
specific activity procedures. At times Reach Outdoors may work with clients that require a greater
level of supervision. These could include young people who display challenging behaviour, people
with ADHD, Autism or other learning difficulties. Ratios will be reduced accordingly. This could be to
1:1 if the nature of the client warrants.
3.4- Induction Procedure
All delivery staff of Reach Outdoors will undergo the same induction process. This is to ensure that
the safe working practices are acknowledged and adhered to at all times. All staff will be provided with
copies of Standard Operating Procedures and will sign to record having read and understood the
documents. Staff will be shown how to use all of the activity equipment specific to their activities and
be taught to use any monitoring/recording procedures regarding use of Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE). If staff are expected and qualified to drive company vehicles they will be inducted
on safe use of vehicles and trailers where appropriate.
3.5- Training and Continual Professional Development (CPD)
Reach Outdoors strongly believe in the importance of keeping current and refreshed when instructing
in the outdoors. All staff will have informal training at delivery locations from the director responsible
for that particular activity. This is to allow staff to refresh and become familiar with venues before
working independently with groups there. Where appropriate (activities with site specific sign off, see
2.0 competency matrix) we will seek the advice of our technical advisor. Fulltime staff of Reach
Outdoors will be encouraged and supported in accessing training courses to ensure cpd.
4.0 Accident and Dangerous occurrence reporting
4.1- Definitions
Accident- An undesired circumstance(s) which gives rise to ill health, injury, damage, production
losses or increased liabilities.
Dangerous occurrence- An unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage but had
the potential to do so.
4.2- Reporting Procedure
Reporting priorities
1.Contact 2.Contact Ashley 3.Complete 4.Review of

Emergency Hone (health and Accident or accident and
services if safety officer dangerous implementation
appropriate HSO) occurrence form of
(within 24 hrs) recommendations
Accidents and dangerous occurrences that do not need to be reported to the HSE under RIDDOR
regulations will be recorded on the Reach Outdoors Accident and Dangerous Occurrence form. All
forms will be reviewed by Ashley Hone the nominated HSO who will make recommendations based
on the information and current guidance by regulatory bodies and industry professionals
4.4- RIDDOR
Reach Outdoors will report all Injuries, Diseases and dangerous occurrences in Line with HSE
regulations (RIDDOR) Staff will be informed on the process and supported by the Reach Outdoors
Health and Safety Officer to complete an online report.
5.0 Emergency Procedures
In the event of an emergency the lead instructor (highest relevant qualification held) should
assume control of the situation. If the lead instructor is the injured party the next in command
should assume control of the situation and take appropriate steps to ensure the safety of
themselves, the group and the casualty/ies. Every scenario will be different and the instructor
should consider all the mitigating factors prior to taking any action. The flow chart below provides
a structure for dealing with Emergencies and Accidents.
Emergency Accident Procedures (EAP)
Minor Accident Major Accident
Ensure safety of yourself and group
Does the casualty require immediate

professional medical assistance?
No
Yes
Treat the injury
Contact the relevant

emergency service and
Can the casualty be evacuated provide medical
No
independently or by staff and group assistance until
without causing further harm or injury professional help arrives
Yes Contact Reach Outdoors HSO at the

first appropriate time. Log details of
incident, Complete incident report
Evacuate the casualty and seek forms and report to RIDDOR, technical
medical attention or advice if required advisor, insurance or NGBs as
appropriate
An example of a minor accident: Grazes, insect bites.
An example of a Major accident: Fracture, bleed.
6.0 Supervision and ratios
6.1- General
Reach Outdoors operates a maximum ratio of 15 clients to 1 qualified member of staff. This is
relevant when operating any activity in any environment and will not be exceeded. Ratios will be
reduced in line with guidance from NGBs or at the discretion of the directors if appropriate for the
nature of a particular group. For details of activity specific ratios please refer to operating procedure
for that activity.
6.2- Levels of supervision
Direct - This will be the most common level and will involve the Staff member being directly involved
with the group. Either involved in the instruction/tuition/guiding of a group or assisting a group to an
activity location. Staff will account for the members of the group as often as appropriate (when
arriving/departing location if group has been disbanded for a period of time) and should where
possible keep line of sight with all members. There will be times when members of a group may need
to be out of sight (to go to the toilet, changing for activities), clear instructions, boundaries and
meeting points must be given to ensure that all group members are accounted for and are safe and
this time apart should be kept to a minimum. Where possible staff should utilise any assisting staff
that are with the clients but they are not to be counted in ratios and will in fact be on the side of client
ratios. For example
Group Assisting staff Total min No. of Reach outdoors staff required
43 5 48 5
Indirect Occasionally Reach outdoors staff will have to be responsible for groups and in a position to
assist if required without actually being in direct supervision. This is likely to only occur in a residential
setting or during the training of D of E groups that are becoming more independent. The role of the
staff will be to ensure that a point of contact is available for client group leaders or D of E training
groups in the event of an emergency. The ratio for indirect supervision must not exceed 1:25. This is
assuming that client groups have not requested that Reach outdoors staff are needed to assist them
in a direct supervisory role during their residential. Any staff that have indirect supervisory
responsibilities must act in accordance with the reach outdoors staff code of conduct at all times.
Remote This level of supervision is reserved for D of E expedition assessments only. Staff are to
follow best practice as advised by the D of E award and the assessor/supervisor training that they will
have attended. In essence the role is the same as in indirect supervision except that the group will
have no support from assisting adults. All groups partaking in an unsupervised expedition must be
well versed in the emergency procedures of Reach Outdoors and it is the remote supervisors
responsibility to ensure that they understand and can follow the procedure before they are left
unsupervised. All staff taking part in remote supervision must adhere to the reach Outdoors staff code
of conduct at all times.
7.0 Equipment
7.1- General
Reach Outdoors will own and maintain a large amount of group equipment to assist with the delivery
of services. At times Reach outdoors will hire or borrow equipment from external organisations to
enable the operation to accommodate greater numbers or to deliver activities that we are not
equipped for. For the purposes of this procedural document equipment will be broken down into group
kit and Personal Protective Equipment.
7.2- Group kit
Group kit is any equipment that is required to enable activities to run but is not directly required to
protect clients from injury. Below is a list of group equipment that Reach Outdoors owns and
maintains
Rucksacs
Sleeping bags
Roll mats
Tents
Stoves
Camping accessories
Wetsuits
Neoprene socks
Waterproof tops
Waterproof trousers
Hats and gloves
Kayaks
Paddles
Raft building kit
Team builing kit
Fishing equipment
Bush craft equipment
This list is not exhaustive and group kit will be added to as and when required to enable Reach
Outdoors to deliver a greater variety of activities or to provide a higher level of service for clients. All
Group kit will be stored in a locked store and the following procedure should be adhered to at all times
to ensure that equipment is fit for purpose and lasts its expected lifetime
1. All group kit should be signed out and back in using the kit sign out board by the member of
staff responsible for the session it is being used on.
2. If issuing group kit to clients, they should be briefed on its correct use and training should be
given if required (e.g. tent erection, stove use).
3. When collecting group kit back in from clients it should be checked off and accounted for by the
staff member with responsibility for that session.
4. Any lost kit should be reported to one of the directors asap and recorded on the lost/damaged
equipment board in the kit room so that it can be replaced and accounted for on the inventory.
5. Any damaged equipment should be clearly marked and taken out of circulation. This should
also be reported to a director and recorded on the lost/damaged equipment board so that an
assessment can be made on the appropriateness of repair/replacement.
7.3- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
PPE is specialized clothing or equipment that is worn or used by clients and staff for protection
against health and safety hazards. PPE is subject to regulations set by European safety standards,
HSE legislation and recommendations made by NGBs and manufacturers. Below is a list of PPE
owed, maintained and used by Reach Outdoors
Helmets - Climbing, Abseiling, low + high ropes courses, bouldering (CE mark and approved
to EN 12492)
Harnesses (CE mark and approved to EN 813)
Ropes and climbing hardware (CE mark and approved to EN 892)
Helmets - Coasteering, Canoeing, Kayaking, Raft building. (CE mark and approved to EN
1385)
Buoyancy aids (CE mark and approved to ``EN 12402 50 Newton foam)
Throw and tow lines
Checking procedure for PPE:
All PPE will be visually and physically inspected before and after each use by the lead instructor on
that session. In addition the following checking calendar and recording system will be carried out and
signed off by a director accordingly.
Climbing helmets, harnesses and hardware Bi monthly inspections by SPA and pass/fail recorded in
log in equipment folder. Purchase date, usage logs and expiry dates (in line with manufacturers and
NGBs recommendations also recorded for each item of PPE.
Water sport helmets, buoyancy aids and throw and tow lines Bi monthly inspections by BCU/UKCC
level two and pass/fail recorded in Log in equipment folder. Purchase date, usage logs and expiry
dates (in line with manufacturers and NGBs recommendations also recorded for each item of PPE.
7.4- Purchasing of Equipment
Any new/replacement equipment purchased by Reach Outdoors will need to be signed off as
appropriate and fit for use by one of the directors. All manufacturers guidelines will be kept and the
relevant expiry dates transferred to the inventory and appropriate kit checking sheet if PPE.
8.0 Child and vunerable groups Protection
The policies and guidelines referenced within this document are those of Reach Outdoors Ltd.
The principles of both the policy and the Guidance documents are based on our moral and ethical
duty to ensure children and vulnerable groups can enjoy our activities in a safe environment and as
such reflect the current best practice as outlined by the National Governing Bodies to which Reach
Outdoors adhere to.
8.1- Duty of Care
Reach Outdoors is committed to ensuring that all those taking part in activities are able to do so
protected and kept safe from harm while they are with instructors, volunteers and /or staff. This is
particularly true in respect of children and vulnerable groups.
We all have a duty with respect to Safeguarding and Protecting Children to ensure children can
participate and enjoy our activities with the highest possible standards of care. These standards apply
also to vulnerable groups. All instructors should have a clear understanding of operating within an
appropriate code of ethics, aware of what their duty of care is and how this relates to their position in
providing activities and being responsible for others.
As the organisers of activity, there is a possibility of someone being harmed. In a small percentage of
cases action may be taken against you if the person decides to make a claim. This action may result
in financial losses but can also harm your reputation or the reputation of the industry and Reach
Outdoors itself.
A good definition of duty of care is:
The duty which rests upon an individual or organisation to ensure that all reasonable steps are taken
to ensure the safety of any person involved in any activity for which that individual or organisation is
responsible
In an activity, safety and keeping people safe is all about risk assessment and minimising the risks
involved at all levels of participation. While all taking part in activity have a duty to their neighbours, in
organised activity we all have a heightened duty of care and as such we should be aware that the
principal risks extend to the quality of control exercised by those in charge. Trainers, coaches,
referees, officials or administrators should all take reasonable steps to safeguard those directly
taking part in activities and at any time they may be deemed responsible for those in their charge - in
vehicles, during journeys to and from the activity, during events, team training events and camps etc.
The content of this document provides specific information in respect of child protection and the
protection of vulnerable groups in order that everyone can appreciate their duty of care with regard to
these issues, risk assess their positions and support and advise those at risk.
We acknowledge Celia Brackenridge, Joy Bringer, Cheltenham and Gloucester University, Sports
Coach UK, the NSPCC, the ASA, W.T. Associates and others for origination of material within this
document.
8.2- Vulnerable Group Definition
A person who is, or may be, in need of community care services by reason of mental or other
disability, age or illness and who is or may be unable to take care of him or herself, or unable to
protect him or herself against significant harm or exploitation.
We believe that everyone has a moral responsibility and therefore a part to play in looking after the
children and vulnerable groups with whom we are working.
These child protection procedures stem from the following principles:
the child's welfare is paramount.

anyone under the age of 18 is classed as a child.
All children, regardless of age, any disability they have, gender, racial origin, religious belief
and sexual identity and/or social/economic status have a right to be protected from abuse.
To respect and promote the rights, wishes and feelings of young people in line with the UN
Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Instructors need to be provided with advice to raise awareness of best practice and guidance
and support should they become involved in an abuse situation.
8.3- Good Practice Guidelines
By following these guidelines you will help to protect both the children/vulnerable groups in our sport
and our coaches/helpers from wrongful allegations.
Avoid situations where you are alone with one child/vulnerable person. Reach Outdoors
acknowledges that occasionally there may be no alternative, for example, where a
child/vulnerable person falls ill and has to be taken home. We would stress, however, that one
to one contact must never be allowed to occur on a regular basis.
If any form of physical support is required ask the individuals permission, explain what you
are doing and why to both the child/vulnerable person and their parents/carers.
Where possible ask parents/carers to be responsible for children/vulnerable groups in
changing rooms. Always ensure that whoever supervises young people work in pairs.
Where there are mixed teams/groups away from home, they should always be accompanied
by an adult male and female instructor/helper.
Do not allow physically rough or sexually provocative games, or inappropriate talking or
touching.
If it is necessary to do things of a personal nature for a child/vulnerable adult, make sure you
have another adult accompanying you. Get the consent of the parent/carer and if possible the
child/vulnerable person. Let them know what you are doing and why.
Ensure that any claims of abuse by a child/vulnerable person are taken seriously and that it is
dealt with by people who know what to do.
Ensure that the nature and intensity of training does not exceed the capacity of a
childs/vulnerable persons immature growing body and ability.
Follow the recognised guidelines for photography and video.
What if you accidentally hurt a child? - You should report such an incident immediately using
the standard incident reporting procedures and inform a senior member of Reach Outdoors.
You should also inform the childs parents/carers, preferably in person.
Is touching OK? If a coaching technique would benefit from physical contact or support then
first asks the individuals permission (e.g. would you mind if I held your shoulders to show you
what I mean?) It is useful to take time to explain why and how this is used to the paddler and
their parent or carer. Touching can be OK and appropriate as long as it is neither intrusive
nor disturbing or for the wrong reason.
8.4- Definitions of abuse
It's generally acknowledged that there are four main types of abuse - Physical, Sexual, Emotional and
Neglect.
Physical Abuse
Physical abuse is just what the term implies - hurting or injuring a child/vulnerable person e.g. by
hitting, shaking, squeezing, burning or biting them. In sport this might result if the nature or intensity of
training is inappropriate for the capacity of the performer or where drugs are tolerated or advocated.
Bullying is likely to come into this category - see below.
Sexual Abuse
Where young people/ vulnerable groups are used by adults to meet their own sexual needs. It could
range from sexually suggestive comments to full intercourse and includes the use of pornographic
material.
Emotional Abuse
Emotional abuse occurs when a child/vulnerable person is not given love, help and encouragement
and is constantly derided or ridiculed e.g. racial or sexual remarks.
It can also occur if a child/vulnerable person is over protected. Abuse can occur where a parent or
coach has unrealistic expectations over what a child/vulnerable person can achieve.
Neglect
Failing to meet children/vulnerable groups basic needs such as food, warmth, adequate clothing, and
medical attention or constantly leaving them alone. It could also mean failing to ensure they are safe
or exposing them to harm or injury.
Bullying
A bully can be an adult - the parent/carer who pushes too hard, the coach who adopts a win-at-all-
costs philosophy or adults who attempt to assert unacceptable behaviour on young people to make
them unwelcome. Bullying can also occur between young people.
Indications of Abuse
There are physical and behavioural signs that might raise your concern about the welfare or safety of
a child/vulnerable person. They are only indicators not confirmation. Some examples are: Where
the child(s) /vulnerable person(s)
Say that she or he is being abused, or another person says they believe (or actually know)
that abuse is occurring.
Has an injury for which the explanation seems inconsistent.
Behaviour changes, either over time or quite suddenly, becoming aggressive, withdrawn or
unhappy.
Appears not to trust adults, e.g. a parent or coach with whom she/ he would be expected to
have, or once had, a close relationship.
Shows inappropriate sexual awareness for his/ her age and sometimes behaves in a sexually
explicit way.
Becomes increasingly neglected-looking in appearance, or loses or puts on weight for no
apparent reason.
Bear in mind that physically disabled children, children with learning difficulties and vulnerable groups
are particularly vulnerable to abuse and may have added difficulties in communicating what is
happening to them.
If you have concerns about the welfare of a child/vulnerable adult Please remember the golden
rule
It is not your responsibility to decide whether a child / vulnerable adult is being abused - but it
is your responsibility to pass the information on to the appropriate person.
Make a detailed note of what you have seen or heard but do not delay passing on the information.
8.5- Dealing with Disclosures or Discovery of Abuse
Any person working for Reach Outdoors whether in a paid or voluntary position that is aware of or
suspects harm to a child or vulnerable person should inform the appointed Child Protection Officer
Richard Hanbury or another senior member of staff immediately.
The nominated person responsible for child protection at Reach Outdoors you can:
Talk to the child's parents/carers about the concerns if you think there may be an obvious
explanation such as a bereavement or pressure from their studies/exams.
If you need urgent advice contact the NSPCC Child Protection 24 hours Help Line. Contact
your local Social Services Department or, in an emergency, the Police.
If a child/vulnerable person tell you that he or she is being abused
Stay calm.
Do not promise to keep it to yourself.
Listen to what the child/vulnerable person say and, please, take it seriously.
Only ask questions if you need to identify what the child/vulnerable person is telling you do
not ask the child/vulnerable adult about explicit details.
Make a detailed note of what the child/vulnerable adult has told you but, as advised in the
previous section, please do not delay passing on the information.
Reach Outdoors will carry out the following to ensure that the young/vulnerable groups it
works with are protected:
screening of all employees and volunteers (see below CRB)

induction procedures for all staff whether employed, voluntary or freelance
establishing clear roles
regular checks or supervision of helpers
information to clients about rules /operating procedures
systems for feedback and support
support training of helpers and instructors in child protection/vulnerable group issues
nominated person for child protection (Richard Hanbury)
8.6- CRB
All members of staff that have contact with the clients of Reach Outdoors must have a Criminals
Record Bureau Disclosure (soon to be Disclosure and Barring service check)
Employees of Reach Outdoors must have CRB disclosures conducted prior to commencing
employment.
Volunteers for Reach Outdoors must have CRB disclosures prior to commencing their
placement.
Freelance instructors must produce a valid (within 36 months) CRB disclosure to Reach
Outdoors prior to commencing work with Reach Outdoors. A CRB disclosure should be
updated after 36 months from date of issue.
9.0 Activity specific operating procedures
9.1- Rock Climbing
Definition of Activity:
Rock climbing is an activity in which participants climb up, down or across natural rock formations or
artificial rock walls. The goal is to reach the summit of a formation or the endpoint of a pre-defined
route without falling, drawing upon a variety of soft skills used within a team environment.
Remit of operating area:
Reach Outdoors will solely operate in the UK and at locations pre visited by members of competently
trained and qualified staff. A Site Specific Risk Assessment must be ascertained prior to taking a
group to a new site. Natural/outdoor rock climbing will only be used in what is deemed summer
conditions. It is outside of our current remit to operate on coastal sea cliffs until a further coastal
endorsement course is carried out and assessed by the technical advisor. There should be phone
signal, or a vhf radio should be carried if coastal, and access to the car park within a 30minute walk
radius in case of an emergency.
Minimum Qualification required:
SPA Single Pitch Award (for outdoor/ natural rock formations)

CWA Climbing Wall Award (for indoor/ artificial walls)
Staffing ratio: 1:10
Safety equipment including PPE:
All climbing equipment needs to be visually and physically checked prior to each time it is
used by the instructor of that day, and checked once it is put away at the end of the day. This
is the instructors personal responsibility.
In accordance to Reach Outdoors policy, the PPE for climbing will be checked bi-monthly and
signed off in the log book.
Checks will comply with EN standards and manufacturers guidance should be followed with
regard to their safe use. PPE includes: Harness, Rope, Sling, Helmet, Karabiner, Belay
device and all other hardware.
Additional information:
All recommendations by the governing body will be adhered to and policy will be adapted to be in line
and current with development of the activity. It is vital the instructor remains current with their
professional skill level and knowledge of new equipment.
Governing bodies and sources of relevant info:
BMC The British Mountaineering Council Working for climbers, hill walkers &
mountaineers in England and Wales. http://www.thebmc.co.uk/
MLTUK - Mountain Leader Training UK. www.mltuk.org

th
MLT - National Guidelines for climbing and walking leaders 4 Edition: Advice on good
practice for anyone with a responsibility for climbing, hill walking and mountaineering related
activities,and encompassing the principles of a safety management
9.2- Abseiling
Abseiling is the controlled descent down a natural rock face, or artificial wall using a rope. The client
is always supported by a safety rope which the instructor controls at all times.
Reach Outdoors will solely operate in the UK. Abseiling can take place at a pre visited and risk
assessed site by the instructor that is not deemed as a coastal sea cliff (unless the instructor has a
sea cliff endorsement approved by the technical advisor). The remit also covers artificial structures
with a risk assessed abseil platform. There should be phone signal, or a vhf radio should be carried if
coastal, and access to the car park within a 30minute walk radius in case of an emergency.
SPA Single Pitch Award (for outdoor/ natural rock formations)
Staffing ratio:
1:10
All abseiling equipment needs to be visually and physically checked prior to each time it is
used by the instructor of that day, and checked once it is put away at the end of the day. This
is the instructors personal responsibility.
In accordance to Reach Outdoors policy, the PPE for abseiling will be checked bi-monthly
and signed off in the log book.
Checks will comply with EN standards and manufacturers guidance should be followed with
regard to their safe use. PPE includes: Harness, Rope, Sling, Helmet, Karabiner, Belay
device and all other hardware.
All recommendations by the governing body will be adhered to and policy will be adapted to be in line
and current with development of the activity.
BMC The British Mountaineering Council Working for climbers, hill walkers &
mountaineers in England and Wales. http://www.thebmc.co.uk/
MLTUK - Mountain Leader Training UK www.mlte.org
9.3- Gorge Scrambling
Definition of activity:
Exploration of naturally occurring river systems and gorges, involving entering and exiting the water
and travelling in moving water. The activity involves swimming, climbing, scrambling, jumping and
playing in moving water and waterfalls.
For the purposes of this procedure, Gorges should be classified as one of the following categories.
Dry-Non-technical, Dry-technical, Wet-Non-technical and Wet-Technical. This classification will
determine the qualification needed to lead in each gorge. All gorges must be approved by the
technical Advisor.
The term WET covers those gorges that feature either strong currents or deep water that may require
swimming skills.
The term TECHNICAL covers gorges that require rope work
This classification must be clearly stated on the site specific risk assessment.
Minimum qualification required:
Dry-Non-technical gorges can be led by staff holding ML. All Wet Gorge leaders must have been
assessed by the technical advisor or hold a certificate recognised and approved by the technical
advisor. All leaders must hold a Gorge first-aid safety and rescue award recognised by the technical
advisor. Before any staff operate independently for Reach Outdoors they are to work in an assistant
role for a minimum of three sessions and be observed by the director responsible for Gorge walking
unless previously signed off by that director.
Staffing ratio
1:10
1. All participants must wear an appropriate, well fitted Bouyancy aid

2. All participants must wear appropriate, well fitted helmets for the activity
3. All participants must wear a well fitted wetsuit appropriate for the water temperature
4. All participants must wear appropriate footwear (trainers, shoes with a robust sole that are
well fitted an unlikely to come off).
5. All leaders must carry a knife, whistle and watch that is appropriate for the activity.
6. All leaders must have a throw bag of 10m in length minimum and a form of extended towing
device
7. An emergency first aid kit, bivvy sac, spare clothing and spare food must be carried on the
person of the instructor at all times
8. A more comprehensive rescue kit including extra clothing, larger first aid kit, group shelter
can be left at an appropriate location on the traverse so that it can be easily obtained in the
event of an emergency
All leaders should familiarise themselves with the current and previous weather and the
subsequent conditions before each session at any given location.
Leaders should be aware of the rain catchment area for each gorge.
Leaders should be aware of the site specific risk assessments and all details relevant to sites
including access, emergency exits, jumps, evacuation, communication and signal issues
Leaders should carry out a reconnaissance of each site before taking groups to start the
activity to check river levels.
All leaders should be aware of the swimming ability of participants and make ongoing
assessment of the groups ability and make decisions accordingly
Participants must sign an acceptance of risk form (see appendices) and state their medical
suitability for the activity. If participants are under the age of eighteen this responsibility must
be taken by the parent/group leader or the adult with responsibility.
9.4- Coasteering/Sea level traversing
Exploration of a rocky coastline, involving entering and exiting water from height and in swell. The
activity involves swimming, climbing, scrambling, jumping, playing in swell features and exploration of
sea caves.
Only sites that have been risk assessed by Reach Outdoors can be used. Where there are concerns
as to the suitability of a site we will seek advice from our technical advisor. There must be access by
footpath no more than 30 mins walk from a public highway. Sea conditions will vary at each location
depending on the weather and tides. Locations will be selected on a day by day basis by the directors
of Reach Outdoors depending on the conditions for the given day.
Mimimum Qualification required:
There are two routes toward becoming a lead guide for Reach Outdoors.
Guides must have either been through a training, consolidation and assessment process in line with
the National Coasteering Charter and National Water Safety Forum base level skills and
competences for coasteering guides document.
Or
Hold one National Governing body award from each of the following lists, showing a base level
knowledge and competencies of leadership in a rocky marine environment. This must be coupled with
a minimum 8 coasteering sessions experience. This could be either logged in a lead capacity for
another organisation or in an assistant role for Reach Outdoors.
Water based Qualifications: Land Based Qualifications:
BCU/UKCC 4* Sea Kayak leadership MT Single Pitch Award

Swift Water Rescue Training MT Mounain Leader
White Water Rescue Training MT Mountain Instructor Award
RNLI Beach Lifeguard
Before any staff can operate independently for Reach Outdoors they are to work in an assistant role
for a minimum of three sessions and be observed by the director responsible for Coasteering unless
previously signed off by that director. This is to be recorded and kept in the Freelance staff
competencies log.
Jumping Height:
Reach Outdoors has a maximum jumping height of 7 m. A document for each coasteering venue
details recorded heights of known jump features at given states of tide. This document is only a point
of reference, if guides are unsure of the height of a jump they should always opt not to use that
particular feature.
Staffing ratio:
1:8 Staff are not work independently. 1:8 only applicable if multiple groups in water at same venue,
otherwise guide must have an second instructor. Lead guides can operate with up to 10 clients if
supported by a trainee instructor who has attended Technical Advisor approved course
All participants must wear an appropriate, well fitted Buoyancy aid

All participants must wear appropriate, well fitted helmets for the activity
All participants must wear a well fitted wetsuit appropriate for the sea temperature
All participants must wear appropriate footwear (trainers, shoes with a robust sole that are
well fitted an unlikely to come off).
All leaders must carry a knife, whistle and watch that is appropriate for the activity.
All leaders must have a throw bag of 10m in length minimum and a form of extended towing
device
An emergency first aid kit, bivvy sac, spare clothing and spare food must be carried on the
person of the instructor at all times
A more comprehensive rescue kit including extra clothing, larger first aid kit, group shelter can
be left at an appropriate location on the traverse so that it can be easily obtained in the event
of an emergency
All leaders should familiarise themselves with the weather/tide and the subsequent conditions
before each session at any given location.
Leaders should be aware of the site specific risk assessments and all details relevant to sites
including access, emergency exits, jumps, tidal implications, wildlife (jellyfish, weaver fish),
evacuation, communication and signal issues
All leaders should be aware of the swimming ability of participants and make on-going
assessment of the groups ability and make decisions accordingly
Participants must sign an acceptance of risk form (see appendices) and state their medical
suitability for the activity. If participants are under the age of eighteen this responsibility must
be taken by the parent/group leader or the adult with responsibility.
Governing bodies and sources of relevant information:
NWSF (National water safety forum), Best practice safety guidance for coasteering
providers
MCA Maritime and Coastguard agency
RLSS UK Royal lifesaving Society United Kingdom
9.5- Hill walking (summer conditions)
Walking in any area, at any height above sea level, which is more than 30 minutes travelling (on foot)
time from an accessible road or refuge. AALS suggest that the seasons are divided into summer,
intermediate and winter. Reach outdoors will only operate in summer and intermediate conditions
Remit of operating area/conditions:
Any area of the UK, lowland, fell, hill, down, moorland, mountainous terrain and rural areas in summer
and intermediate conditions.
Summer conditions - Would exclude occasions when snow or freezing conditions were either
prevalent or forecast
Intermediate conditions This would include occasions when some snow (e.g. avoidable patches or a
light dusting) or brief freezing conditions were either prevailing or forecast. It would exclude conditions
when the skills of a winter ML holder would be required
Minimum qualification required
ML (summer conditions)
Staffing ratios
1:10
Safety equipment including PPE
Appropriate footwear must be worn.

A rope (minimum 30m of 7mm) must be carried on a mountain day if it is identified as
necessary in the risk assessment.
Staff are responsible for ensuring groups are equipped and briefed to cope with obstacles met
on route (i.e. river crossings, short pitches).
Staff should carry a leaders pack containing a group shelter, first aid kit, spare clothes, spare
food and any other equipment required for the conditions
Additional information
Giardia is a potential problem that staff should be aware of. Participants and staff must carry
sufficient drinkable water for the trip. Where this is not possible a method of water purification
must be used. This could include a purification tablets, a specialised purification system, or
boil the water - a rolling boil - for not less than one minute.
Staff should be aware of other possible hazards from ticks and Lyme Disease, see
appendices.
Mountain Craft & Leadership - Eric Langmuir

Safety in Outdoor Education - Department of Education & Science
Safety on the Mountains BMC
The Mountain Skills Training Handbook Pete Hill & Stuart Johnstone
MLTUK - Mountain Leader Training UK www.mlte.org
9.6- Off Road Cycling
Off Road Cycling consists of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough/uneven terrain, using specially
designed mountain bikes to suit the terrain.
Reach Outdoors will solely operate in the UK and use locations pre visited by members of
competently trained and qualified staff. A Site Specific Risk Assessment must be ascertained prior to
taking a group to a new site. The remit includes non mountainous tracks suitable for mountain bikes
no more than 30 mins walk from a road, in summer conditions. Non mountainous tracks may include
public highways, way marked routes, rights of way on which cycles are permitted, identifiable routes
and tracks with obvious navigational features.
Mountain Bike Instructor Award Scheme- MIAS

Trail Cycle Leader
Mountain Bike Leader Award MBLA
Staffing ratio:
1:10
Cycling helmets to be used of which manufacturers guidance should be followed with regard
to their safe use.
Mountain Bikes that are fully functioning with regular 3 month maintenance checks carried out
following the M check policy. The instructor to check each bike prior to each use; (brakes,
wheels, tyres, saddle, chain). Each bike used to be fitted with a bell to comply with
regulations, and washed/ cleaned after each use.
Participants clothing must be suitable for the activity.
Leaders should carry: puncture repair kit, pump and correct adapter,multi spanner, correct
Allen keys, chain link extractor, spoke key, screw drivers, spares including: brake blocks,
inner tubes, chain links, gear & brake cable wire, elastic bands/zip ties.
Additional information
When route planning, all effort should be made to avoid A roads. Dual carriageways must
never be used.
Leaders should try to maintain that a group are in single file with members of staff positioned
appropriately to control the group at all times.
Participants must not carry equipment on their cycle, or on their person, other than essential
personal requirements for that day.
The "Off Road Code" and "Country Access Charter" must be followed.
Due to the nature of specifically designed technical routes used in off road cycling it is crucial
that staff prove their knowledge of the venue and the technical ability required by all the
participants to handle the proposed route, particularly with regard to downhill sections and
technical trail features. Qualified staff must assess the technical skill level of the group and
match the route accordingly once the assessment of the group has been completed.
Routes on bridleways, cycle ways and forestry roads that require no specific technical ability
other than very basic manoeuvring appropriate to novice level may be lead by non qualified
staff.
All sections of the route, including those involving any specific technical trail feature, must be
risk assessed on the site specific risk assessment and control measures must be identified.

http://beta.ctc.org.uk/about the national cycling charity, inspires and helps people to
cycle and keep cycling.
http://www.mountainbikeinstructor.com
British Cycling http://www.britishcycling.org.uk
9.7- Kayaking / Canoeing
The activity of going in a kayak or Canoe on a body of water for the purpose of sport, recreation or
transportation. A body of water being a pre-visited and risk assessed venue with an appropriately
qualified BCU/UKCC coach (the senior instructor). The Senior instructor should make a judgement
on an appropriate venue and if in doubt should contact the principle for clarification.
Reach Outdoors will only use venues that have been pre-visited and risk assessed. The remit of an
instructor will be classified by the prevailing conditions on the day and will be defined as below. Note:
As conditions for an area change on a daily basis so does a given venues classification of water. An
instructor should be aware of his/her remit as dictated by their coaching level and the British
Canoeing Union and should never operate outside of this.
Very Sheltered Water:
Quiet canals with easy bankside access and egress; small lakes, which are not large enough, and do
not have difficult landing areas for problems to occur it there is a sudden change in conditions;
specified sites on gentle, slow moving rivers. The definition implies weather conditions which are not
in themselves likely to cause problems. Care must be exercised when water temperatures are low. At
any point the paddler will not be >50 metres from the bank
Sheltered Inland Water:
Flat water rivers, faster flowing, but not involving the shooting of, or playing on weirs or running
rapids. Discretion and common sense must apply when considering the use of lakes/lochs. To
operate further than 200 metres from shore on a large lake can be a serious undertaking. To paddle
in offshore breezes on large lakes requires the same degree of caution as for the sea. Water
temperature (especially in Scottish lochs) must always be a consideration. Suitable lagoons or
sections of sheltered bays of larger lakes can sometimes be designated Sheltered or even Very
Sheltered" water by careful and sensible selection. The definition implies normal
conditions. Care must be exercised when water temperatures are low.
Sheltered Tidal Water/Sea:
Small enclosed bays, where there is minimal possibility of being blown offshore; enclosed harbours,
where there is minimal possibility of being blown offshore; defined beaches (a short section of beach
with easy landing throughout, no tide races or overfalls beyond the beach), in conditions in which
swimmers and beach craft could be happily operating winds not above force 3 (force 2 if offshore
when greatest of caution must be exercised); the upper reaches of some suitable, slow moving
estuaries during Neap tides. In all cases the wind and weather conditions must be favourable.
UKCC BCU Level 1 Coach: (Very Sheltered water, Sheltered inland water) under guidance
from level 2
UKCC BCU Level 2 Coach: Very Sheltered water, Sheltered inland water, Sheltered Tidal
Water/Sea
Current and valid First Aid Certificate
Staffing ratio:
1:8
First Aid Kit

Exposure bag or emergency shelter
Food and Drink
Spare Clothing
Tow Line
Buoyancy Aid
Safety Knife + Whistle
A means of summoning external assistance and awareness of its limitations
Appropriate Clothing / Footwear (condition dependant)
Throw Line (15m minimum)
Emergency repair kit (if on journey)
Spare Paddle
Canoeing/Kayaking should always be run according to the weather conditions. Weather

forecasts should be consulted prior to the activity taking place and checked for before, during
and after the activity. All decisions to go on the water should be made by the most senior
staff member holding the highest relevant qualification. Decisions should always take into
account the conditions, the environment and the ability of the whole group.
See generic and Site Specific risk assessments for Canoeing and Kayaking.
Reach Outdoors will ensure that all guidance from the governing body is adhered to ensuring
industry standards and best practice are maintained.
www.bcu.org.uk
www.canoe-england.org.uk
http://www.hse.gov.uk/aala/activities.htm
www.metoffice.gov.uk
www.magicseaweed.co.uk
9.8- Improvised Raftbuild
A team building activity that will see the group work together to design and build a raft using barrels,
poles and ropes that will be taken afloat upon a suitable body of water.
Raft Building can be broken down into two sections in terms of risk management (Build Stage, Water
Stage).
The Build stage: A suitable brief should be given highlighting the relevant risks associated with the
lifting and manoeuvring of large heavy objects and suitable alternatives should be discussed. All
equipment should be checked prior to use for sharp edges, wear and tear.
Water Stage: Common injuries result from poorly constructed rafts (trapped fingers, limbs) or falling
off rafts onto other structures. Ensure appropriate brief prior to activity and constant supervision
during the activity. Safety provision should be provided in the form of a canoe and the activity should
be conducted in a location whereby the participants are able to swim to a bank or shore.
Areas for operation should be flat water sheltered environments which are free from flow or strong
tidal currents (conditions should not exceed these). The area for operation should be pre-visited and
risk assessed by Reach Outdoors. This activity should be carried out in suitable conditions and any
environmental factors on the day should be taken into account by the Senior member of staff (that
with the highest relevant qualification held) by means of a dynamic (on-going) risk assessment.
These qualifications are in addition to the instructor holding relevant experience of the activity and
group management.
BCU UKCC Level 1 (with site specific prior authorisation of principle)
BCU UKCC Level 2 Coach
Staffing ratio:
1:10
Buoyancy Aids
Throw Line
Tow Line
Knife (serrated) + Whistle
A means of summoning external assistance and awareness of its limitations
Appropriate Clothing / Footwear / Helmet (condition dependant)
First Aid Kit
Exposure bag or emergency shelter
Food and Drink
Spare Clothing
See Generic and Site Specific risk assessments for Raft Building.
Operations and risk assessments will be reviewed and updated regularly to ensure they
remain in line with industry standards and best practice.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/aala/guidance/68-improvised-raft-building.htm
9.9 - Pre Course information
Organisations booking residential programmes or development proframmes with Reach

Outdoors will be contacted to ensure that all medical information/special requirements of the
participants are communicated prior to the commencement of the programme. If
organisations have no formal method to ensure this Reach Outdoors will provide medical
forms (see appendices) to assist.
Clients that are only on Adventure days or one of events will be required to complete an
Awareness of risk form including medical information relevant to the activity (see appendices)
Appendices:
Weils Disease (Leptospirosis)
What is the disease?
Weil's disease is a bacterial disease of both humans and animals. There are many different carriers
e.g., rats, dogs, cattle. The most life threatening is that carried by the rat.
The bacteria live in the kidneys of the host animal and are excreted into the environment. The
bacteria can then enter the body through cuts/grazes, ingestion, eyes, nose, etc. Once established
the illness affects the liver, prevents blood clotting and renders the patient susceptible to fatal
haemorrhaging from mucus membranes and internal organs. The disease is fatal in 5-10% of cases.
Where can it be caught?
Watercourses, lakes, mines, river banks, rivers, railway tunnels, culverts, reservoirs, derelict buildings
and barns, sewage plants, canals, rubbish dumps, manure heaps, boulder fields, caves
How to prevent catching it
Cover all existing wounds with a waterproof dressing before commencing an activity. Normal
waterproof clothing is an effective barrier. Avoid eating or smoking with contaminated hands. Wash
thoroughly after activity.
First aid treatment
There are no symptoms at this stage. All wounds must be cleaned immediately and thoroughly. Cover
with a waterproof dressing. Irrigate nose, eyes and mouth with clean, fresh water if there is a risk that
those areas may be contaminated.
Symptoms
Flu like illness, raised temperature, headache, pain/stiffness or paralysis of the muscles, and later
jaundice
Action
If any of these symptoms appear particularly 3-19 days following water activity you must visit your
doctor immediately. Antibiotics must be administered early to be effective. A blood/urine test is
necessary to confirm this notifiable illness. You may have to insist on a test. Your doctor may need
reminding of the existence of :
The Leptospirosis Reference Unit,
Public Health Laboratory,
County Hospital,
HEREFORD HR1 2ER
Note: The results of blood tests have been known to take 2-3 weeks through the normal laboratory
system. Some water sports people have become seriously ill and some have died through this slow
diagnosis and treatment. The local public health laboratory should be able to do the ELISA test and
obtain a result within 3 hours of commencement. Otherwise send the sample to the unit at Hereford
(address above).
Ticks and Lyme disease
The following information is taken from http://www.wadhurst.demon.co.uk/lyme/lyme3.htm

Form more information contact http://www.wadhurst.demon.co.uk/lyme/ and follow links.
What is Lyme Disease?
Lyme Disease is an infection which can affect the skin and occasionally cause serious illness of the
nervous system, joints or heart.
It is caused by a spiral-shaped bacterium, transmitted by the bite of an infected tick.
Ticks are tiny spider-like creatures which live in woodland, moorland and grassy areas. Unlike
spiders, however, they press themselves close to the skin of the host as they crawl.
The highest risk was thought to be from April to October when the tick was most active and feeding,
but research has now shown that, in certain areas, ticks may be active most of the year.
Can it be prevented?
Yes. The ticks cling to ends of vegetation and wave their legs around hoping to latch on to a passing
animal or person - so your first defence is to keep your skin covered.
If a tick attaches itself to your clothing, it may crawl around for some time before making contact with
your skin.
Wear long trousers, tucked into socks if possible, and long-sleeved shirts.
Light coloured clothes will help you spot ticks and brush them off.
Inspect for ticks every few hours and, if possible, at the end of your day's outdoor activity, undress
and completely check your body for ticks.
Insect repellent on clothing and repellent collars for pets may help.
What if I am bitten?
Remove the tick as soon as possible by grasping it close to the skin with tweezers. Apply gentle
pressure, twisting anti-clockwise upwards, repeating if necessary. Part of the tick may remain
embedded, but you will have prevented the tick transferring the infection to you. (Save the tick in a
sealed container in case you develop symptoms later.)
Should I see my Doctor?
The disease may first show itself as an expanding reddish, round rash (Erythema migrans) in the area
of the bite. This rash starts three to thirty days later.
Early symptoms may resemble influenza ('flu,) with swollen glands near the site, mild headaches,
aching muscles and joints, and tiredness.
If left untreated, the disease may develop over months and even years, when facial muscle
weakness, meningitis-like symptoms, and/or arthritis symptoms may occur.
If you have any of these symptoms and you suspect that you may have been bitten by a tick, inform
your doctor. Lyme Disease is treatable with antibiotics and the earlier it is diagnosed, the better.
Director Profiles
Ashley Hone: Head of Operations and Transport. Nominated Health and Safety officer
After completing his BSc in Sports Science, Ash started working with Portsmouths hardest to reach
young people in 2001. Since then he has developed his group engagement and leadership skills by
continuing to work with people from different backgrounds all over the UK, on the water, in the hills or
in the class room.
With a background in personal and social development training Ash tries to bring a little something
extra to every session to allow people to feel a sense of achievement and take that forward in their
lives.
With a host of outdoor and leadership qualifications including Mlt Mountain Leader, BCU/UKCC level
two canoe/kayak coach, Mlt Climbing Walls Instructor Award and Coasteer guide, Ash has a raft of
experience to offer.
Richard Hanbury: Head of Marketing and Finance. Nominated Child Protection officer
Rich began his career in the industry as a sailing instructor back in 2003.
Rich realised the unique ability that the outdoor environment provided in being able to develop
individuals and groups. This took him to complete his BA in Watersports and Adventure Activity
Management. Rich has worked for a range of organisations throughout Europe and Australia and has
developed innovative techniques for group engagement.
Rich has continued his professional development and holds RYA Senior Dinghy Instructor, Powerboat
Instructor, BCU/UKCC Level 2 Coach, Coasteering Guide and the MLT Climbing Walls Instructor
Award. Rich continues to share his passion to help others reach their goals.
Rachel Mayhew: Head of Equipment, Business development and Training
Rachel has always had an adventurous spirit. This took her to New Zealand aged 19 to study for her
Adventure Recreation and Outdoor Education BA degree. Since then she has worked for a multitude
of organisations building her leadership and youth development skills to an expert level.
A qualified Mountain Leader, Single Pitch Climbing Instructor, BCU/UKCC level one canoe and kayak
Coach, Coasteering guide, European High Ropes Award holder and with a Diploma in teaching adults
in the life long learning sector, Rachel puts her experiences into teaching and developing others.
GENERIC RISK ASSESSMENT REACH OUTDOORS
Activity : Abseiling
Assessed by: Rachel Mayhew
Created: 23/08/2012 Review date: 23/08/2013
This form assesses the hazards and action steps peculiar to this type of activity. Unspecified but still required are the standard control measures associated with leading
groups within this type of venture. These measures include: correct use of equipment; good party management and behaviour control; the use of appropriate staff to client
ratios and the use of suitably qualified personnel.
Identified Hazards Who is Risk Management Strategies Standard Control Measures

at Risk
Exposure to adverse weather All Appropriate clothing to be worn Obtain Weather forecast before activity
Safety sack to be carried Ensure group have correct clothing
Falling from crag All Ensure Instructor and/or Client belayer tied in to system at all Designate safe area for observers to be
times when operating abseil supervised
Anchor failure Abseiler Use of multiple anchors points Only use screwgate karabiners
Falling debris from above All Ensure all wearing helmets unless in safe area away from Check top of crag before use
crag First-aid kit carried
Deligation of safe area away from crag Brief clients on safe zone
Harness Failure Abseiler Ensure all equipment is checked before, during and after Ensure that harness is safety checked before
activity allowing to abseil
Correct storage of equipment
Rope Failure Abseiler Inspection of used ropes after previous session Ensure good management of ropes when
Check rope before setting up abseiling
Stuck on descent Abseiler Use releasable abseil Ensure long hair etc is tucked away before
abseiling
Abseiler losing control Abseiler Safety rope used on all descents Instructor to have direct supervision
Inverting in harness Abseiler Ensure safety rope is under reasonable tension at all times Appropriate briefing
Chest harness used when necessary
Ascent of and Descent from crag All Prior inspection of ascent and descent Brief group on walking route, and to be
supervised by an adult if U18
Injury YP Remove Jewellery Brief group the risks of wearing jewellery
N.B. This Risk Assessment in no way negates the need for continual dynamic risk assessment
Activity : Climbing

at Risk
Safety sack to be carried Brief group to bring appropriate clothing
Falling All Ensure helmet is worn Appropriate method to set up is used
Suitable venue chosen for level of group Use of safety lines during set up
Ensure harness to rope connection checked before allowing Group briefed on what happens if they fall
each client to climb on a top rope
Removal of inappropriate jewellery Group briefed not to boulder above height of
1.5m
Anchor failure Climber Use of multiple anchor points Test all anchors
Only use screw gate karabiners
Falling debris from above All Ensure all wearing helmets unless in safe area away from Check top of crag before use
crag (unless contravenes religion of client) First-aid kit carried
Deligation of safe area away from crag Brief clients on safe zone
Harness Failure Climber Ensure all equipment is checked before, during and after Ensure that harness visually checked again
activity before allowing to climb
Rope Failure Climber Inspection of used ropes after each session Ensure good management of ropes when
Correct storage of equipment climbing
Stuck / Frozen climber Climber / Instructor briefed on verbal techniques to get climber down Instructor aware of current techniques to
rescuer Instructor to carry prussiks manage this scenario
Novice Belayer Climber Minimum of 2 belayers Direct supervision by Instructor at all times
Descent from crag All Prior inspection of descent Instructor to point out any features to be
aware of and spot clients where necessary
Activity : Coasteering
This form assesses the hazards and action steps peculiar to this type of activity. Unspecified but still required are the standard control measures associated with leading groups within this type of
venture. These measures include: correct use of equipment; good party management and behaviour control; the use of appropriate staff to client ratios and the use of suitably qualified
personnel.

at Risk
Falling All Clear briefing to the group of access/egress points Groups to be briefed about uneven ground
Helmets to be worn underfoot
Groups to be briefed on expected behaviour
from jump platforms
Drowning All All to wear BAs at all times BAs to be safety checked regularly, and
Group to be briefed on what to do if big set of swell comes in correct storage of kit.
First aid kit carried
Throw line carried at all times
Broken bones All Group to be briefed on correct jumping techniques VHF radio carried to sites
Group to be made aware of risks involved with the activity Safety sack to be taken to each site
Bruises,cuts,abrasions All All to wear wetsuits, gloves, socks and helmets while in the Clear briefing to the group of what to do in
sea various situations along the route
Group to be made aware of the risks involved with the activity
Head injury All Helmets to be worn Safety sack to be taken to each site
VHF radio carried to sites
Carried out to sea/ impact from large waves All Check tide, and swell patterns prior to session Effective group management
Analyse sea state when arrive to site Thorough weather forecast of wind, swell, tide,
Group briefed on stance, getting to feet, buddy brace system etc
Panic attacks All Staff to carry throw line at all times Brief group in advance that if panic to lie on
back and paddle away from impact zone+ to
listen to staff instruction
Asthma attacks Sufferers Clients asthma pumps to be taken into water Briefed that cold water/ exercise could induce
an attack.
Activity : Improvised Raft Building


at Risk
Drowning All All to wear BAs on water Instructor to have throw line at the ready
Staff to have knowledge of clients abilities First-aid kit carried
Staff to have concealed knife in BA
Water born infection All Ensure that area used has been checked for suitability Brief group on prevention of Leptospirosis
(Weils disease) and also on symptoms
Safety sack to be carried Monitor & enforce sensible behaviour
Encourage buddy system
Equipment failure All Ensure equipment checked before, during and after Take any failed equipment immediately out of
activity the system
Injury at Access / Egress points All Use area where ground is solid underfoot Brief YP getting onto raft
Close supervision
Injury by equipment All Ensure all are wearing helmets when on the water. If deemed appropriate, ensure helmets are
worn during construction
Injury by lifting Clients Manual handling brief. Poles to be carried by two people to protect
ends
Exhaustion All Flexible itinerary to respond to individuals needs Continually check in with the group as to how
they are feeling
Entrapment under ropes YP Participants to be briefed not to place arms/legs under
ropes
Instructor to carry concealed knife Not left unattended
Activity : Inland Kayaking/Canoeing


at Risk
Spare clothes to be carried
Hot drink to be carried if appropriate
Access / Egress points All Use area where ground is solid under foot. Brief group to carry boats with care.
Suitable shoes
Drowning All All to wear BAs Boats to be appropriate to activity
Staff to be aware of participants abilities Instructor to consider the need to carry a throw
Simulated or actual capsize drill carried out prior to main line depending on the water
activity
Adequate briefing
Water born infection All Ensure that area used has been checked for suitability Brief group on prevention of Leptospirosis (Weils
disease) and also on symptoms
Equipment Failure All Checks to be made before, during and after activity Immediately remove any failed equipment from
the system
Injury when lifting All Ensure appropriate manual handling brief is given Boats to be carried by a minimum of 2 people
Injury to heads from rocks/paddles All Helmets to be carried by all and worn if appropriate to area First-aid kit carried
being used (specific RA) or activities undertaken
Exhaustion Clients Choose appropriate activity to group A method of towing is carried
Activity : Off-Road Cycling


at Risk
Safety sack to be carried Group briefed on appropriate clothing prior to
session
Falling off bike Cyclist Ensure helmet is worn + fitted correctly First-aid kit carried
Appropriate brief given on riding technique (especially off road) Safe Riding
Appropriate group management
Collision Use appropriate cycle paths, bridle ways, roads or specific off
Cyclist and public Appropriate briefing given regarding the Highway
road tracks Code for cyclists when using roads
Appropriate brief on keeping distance
No cycling on foot paths or dual carriage ways
Dehydration All Enough water to be carried for journey or available at stops Suitable route chosen
Injury due to equipment failure All Safety check completed on all bikes prior to use Repair kit carried
Bike fitted correctly to client prior to use
Becoming Separated Clients Good group management Stopping and waiting at good collection points
Staff member to place themselves in most effective location
within the group
Environmental damage Environment Follow cyclists code of conduct Follow country code of conduct
Busy A/B roads All Instructors to carefully manage group towards front and back Clear briefing at start of session of severity of
Single file riding safe riding on roads
No over taking on busy roads
Activity : Sea Kayaking/Canoeing

Identified Hazards Who is Risk Management Strategies Further Control Measures

at Risk
Exposure to adverse weather All

Appropriate clothing to be worn Obtain Weather and sea state forecast before

Safety sack to be carried activity

Spare clothes to be carried Monitor & enforce sensible behaviour

Hot drink to be carried if appropriate

Appropriate footwear
Access / Egress points All
Use area where ground is solid under foot. Ensure safe area to land / beach

Brief group to carry boats with care.
Drowning All
All to wear BAs Boats to be appropriate to activity

Staff to be aware of participants abilities Instructor to carry throw line+ tow line

Simulated or actual capsize drill carried out prior to main
activity
Adequate briefing
Swamping All Ensure spray decks worn when kayaking Check sea state suitability
Bailing method carried when canoeing
Equipment Failure All Checks to be made before, during and after activity Extra set of paddles carried
Injury when lifting All Ensure appropriate manual handling brief is given Boats to be carried by a minimum of 2 people
Injury to heads from rocks/paddles All Helmets to be carried by all and worn if appropriate to First-aid kit carried
area/activity
Becoming separated - multiple Clients Encourage buddy system Safety kit carried
capsizes Appropriate group management
Exhaustion Clients Choose appropriate activity to group A method of towing carried
Activity : Walking/trekking

at Risk
Personal injury All Group briefed about safety in the mountains and First-aid kit carried
emergency procedures.
Correct footwear worn and fastened.
Back injury from lifting All Group taught how to lift rucksacks appropriately
in pairs if needed
Group shelters to be carried
Whole Group becomes lost All Route description to be given to point of contact Instructor to carry mobile phone
Separation whilst trekking Clients Brief team on not getting too spread out Good group management
Brief on lost procedures Encourage buddy system
Group to have instructor phone numbers and
vice versa
Exhaustion Clients Flexible itinerary to respond to individuals needs Water and food to be carried
Set pace of trek to suit group
Water Born Infection All Ensure, if possible, all have sufficient water for Carry water purification tablets if
the trek necessary
Ticks All Appropriate brief given to group

SOP Manual for Outdoor Activities

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SOP Manual for Outdoor Activities

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Standard Operating

1.0 - Lines of Responsibility

Rachel Mayhew Ashley Hone (Ml, Richard Hanbury

Input from Technical advisor

Freelance and short term employed

2.1 Adventure Activities Licensing Regulations 1996

NOTE: The 'conditions' referred to in above include:

3.1- Employment and assessment of staff

3.2 Staff code of conduct

Staff must arrive on time to the required location of work

3.3 - General ratios

3.4- Induction Procedure

3.5- Training and Continual Professional Development (CPD)

4.2- Reporting Procedure

1.Contact 2.Contact Ashley 3.Complete 4.Review of

Emergency Accident Procedures (EAP)

Minor Accident Major Accident

Ensure safety of yourself and group

Does the casualty require immediate

Contact the relevant

Yes Contact Reach Outdoors HSO at the

6.2- Levels of supervision

7.2- Group kit

7.3- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Checking procedure for PPE:

7.4- Purchasing of Equipment

8.0 Child and vunerable groups Protection

8.1- Duty of Care

8.2- Vulnerable Group Definition

These child protection procedures stem from the following principles:

the child's welfare is paramount.

8.3- Good Practice Guidelines

8.4- Definitions of abuse

8.5- Dealing with Disclosures or Discovery of Abuse

If a child/vulnerable person tell you that he or she is being abused

screening of all employees and volunteers (see below CRB)

9.0 Activity specific operating procedures

9.1- Rock Climbing

Remit of operating area:

Minimum Qualification required:

SPA Single Pitch Award (for outdoor/ natural rock formations)

Staffing ratio: 1:10

Safety equipment including PPE:

Governing bodies and sources of relevant info:

Remit of operating area:

Minimum Qualification required:

SPA Single Pitch Award (for outdoor/ natural rock formations)

Governing bodies and sources of relevant info:

9.3- Gorge Scrambling

Remit of operating area:

The term TECHNICAL covers gorges that require rope work

Minimum qualification required:

Safety equipment including PPE:

1. All participants must wear an appropriate, well fitted Bouyancy aid

9.4- Coasteering/Sea level traversing

Remit of operating area:

Water based Qualifications: Land Based Qualifications:

BCU/UKCC 4* Sea Kayak leadership MT Single Pitch Award

Safety equipment including PPE:

All participants must wear an appropriate, well fitted Buoyancy aid

Governing bodies and sources of relevant information:

9.5- Hill walking (summer conditions)