TIEMPO ESTRUCTURA USO EJEMPLOS

Afirmativa:
Subject + present conjugation of verb Acciones habituales I usually get up at 7 o'clock.
I play tennis on Mondays. Opiniones y estados de mente I think he is a wonderful student.
Situaciones permanentes o de larga duracin. She lives in New York.
Negativa Hechos y verdades generales The Earth goes around the Sun.
PRESENTE
Subject + DO not + base form of verb Sentimientos I love walking around late at night.
SIMPLE
They don't work in New York. Horarios y programas The plane leaves at 4 p.m.
Expresiones de tiempo presentes comunes: She doesn't often go to the cinema.
Pregunta usually, always, often, sometimes, on Saturdays,
(Wh?)+do+subject+base form of verb ? at weekends, rarely, on occasion, never, seldom.
Does she know him?

Afirmativa: What are you doing?

Accin que ocurre en el momento presente
Subject + verb be (AM / IS / ARE) in She's studying hard for her final exam
Actions happening in a period around the
present + verb ing
present moment in time
He's working at the moment. She isn't coming on Friday.
Planes futuros inmediatos, acuerdos
PRESENTE Negativa You are always laughing at me!
Acciones montonas y molestas.
CONTINUO Subj.+ V. be in present+ not+ Ving
They aren't coming this evening. Expresiones de tiempo presente continuo
comunes como: at the moment, now, today, this I am working until 21h this week.
Pregunta
(Wh?) verb be in present+subj. verbing? week, this month, tomorrow, next week (for
What are you doing? future arrangements), currently

Afirmativa I went to Paris last year

S+V in past (regular, <-ed>; irregular, 2nd
column): She went to Paris last week.
Negativa
PASADO SIMPLE Subject + DID not + root of the verb.
They didn't drive to work.
Pregunta
(Wh_) did + subject + root of the verb?
Where did she get that hat?
Acciones acabadas que ocurren en un momento
definido en el pasado. He stopped drinking alcohol 3 years ago.
Con la palabra ago
Para expresar acciones cortas y consecutivas I fell down and someone helped me.
Cuando hay dos acciones simultneas, una de
ellas suele ser ms corta (simple) e interrumpe a The light went out (short action) while
la accin ms larga (continuo). we were having dinner (long action)
 Afirm.: S+V be in past (WAS/WERE) +
verb-ing. I was
watching TV
PASADO
CONTINUO Negativa: S+V be in past + not + verb-
ing: He wasn't working
Pregunta:(Wh?) + V+ be in past +S +V-
ing?: What were you doing?
Afirm.: S+have/has+V_participle
I have seen Mick three times this week
PRESENTE . Cuando no decimos exactamente cundo una
PERFECTO Negat.: S+have/has+not+V-participle
SIMPLE She has not been to New York.
Preg:(Wh?) Have/has+S+V-participle?
How long have you worked at Smith's?
Afirmativa: S+have/has+been+V-ing
Ive been living in Melilla for 30 years
PRESENTE Negat.: S+have/has+not+been+V-ing
PERFECTO He hasnt been studying for long.
CONTINUO
Preg.: (Wh?)+Have/has+S+been+V-ing?
How long have you been working on that
problem?
Acciones en progreso (en realizacin) en un At midnight we were driving
momento pasado. home.
Acciones largas e inacabadas
Queja y monotona en el pasado.
Para expresar una accin que comenz en el
pasado y termina, continua o tiene cualquier tipo
de relacin con el presente.
accin ocurri, normalmente con expresiones tales
como: yet, always, never, ever, just, already.
Expresiones espaolas tales como::
Hace una semana que no te veo
Acabo de llegar a casa
Para expresar la duracin de una actividad
continua comenzada en el pasado y continuando
en el presente.
En expresiones espaolas como:
Llevo dos meses estudiando.
Excepcin:
Esta maana me he levantado a las 900h
Yesterday I was studying very
hard all day.
He was always telling boring
jokes
I have been here for two hours
They have sold more than a million
snowboards since 1991.
The postman hasnt come yet.
I have not seen you for a week.
I have just got home.
I have been waiting for the bus for a
long time.
I have been studying for two months.
I got up at 9 oclock this morning.
 Afirmativa: Subject + HAD + participle
I had already eaten before they came. She had cooked the lunch (1st
Para expresar una accin que
PASADO Negativa: Subject + had + not + participle action) before she went to work
ocurre antes de otra accin en el
PERFECTO She hadn't (had not) been to Rome before that trip. (2nd action)
pasado.
Pregunta: (Wh?) Had + subject + participle?
Had you ever seen such a crazy lady before that?
Afirmativa: Subject + HAD + BEEN + verb-ing
Shed been waiting for 3 hours when he finally arrived.
PASADO Para expresar la duracin de una
Negativa: Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing We had been waiting for hours
PERFECTO actividad continua comenzada
I hadn't been sleeping for long when I heard the doorbell ring when the train finally arrived.
CONTINUO antes de otra actividad pasada.
Pregunta: (Wh?) Had + subject + been + verb-ing?
How long had you been playing tennis when she arrived?
That's difficult! I'll help you with the
Afirm.: Subject+ WILL+ base form of verb + object(s) Decisiones espontneas tomadas
problem.
I will meet you at the airport tomorrow. en el momento sobre el futuro.
She won't win the game.
Negat.: Subject+ will+not base form of verb+object(s) Predicciones futuras (sin
FUTURO SIMPLE
He will not be able to come. evidencias)
Will you marry me?
Pregunta: (Quest. Word) + will + S+ base form of verb? Promesas futuras, ofrecimientos,
Ill make you a sandwich
Will they visit us soon? ayudas y sugerencias.

Afirm.: S+to be+going to+base form of verb+object(s) I'm going to study Languages at
He's going to fly to Boston next week. Decisiones planeadas, hechas antes university next year.
FUTURO CON Negativa: S+to be+not+going to+base form of verb+obj. del momento de habla. Look at those clouds. It's going to
BE GOING TO They're not going to invite the Browns. Predicciones futuras con evidencias rain.
Pregunta: ( Wh?)+ to be+S+ going to+base form of verb? Intenciones futuras I'm going to be a policeman when I
Where are you going to stay? grow up.
Afirmativa: Subject + will + be + verb-ing
I'll be cooking dinner when you arrive. Para expresar que estamos muy Next Friday at this time I will be
FUTURE Negativa: Subject + will + not + be + verb-ing seguros de que algo ocurrir tal y travelling to London.
CONTINUO They won't be living in Paris this time next year. como se ha planeado.
Pregunta: (Wh?) + will + subject + be + verb-ing?
What will you be doing next week at this time?
 Afirmativa: Subject + will + have + verb-participle
We'll have lived here for twenty years by 2005.
Negativa: Subject + will + not + have + participle
FUTURO Para expresar qu habr ocurrido o durante cunto tiempo algo
She won't have finished her homework by the time
PERFECTO habr ocurrido hasta un cierto punto en el tiempo.
we arrive.
Pregunta: (Wh?) + will + subject + have + participle?
How long will you have lived in France by the end of next year?

Afirmativa: Subject + will + have + been + verb-ing

He'll have been sleeping for a few hours by the time we arrive.
FUTURO
Negativa: Subject + will + have + been + verb-ing Para expresar la duracin de una actividad hasta un punto de
PERFECTO
She won't have been working for long by 5 o'clock. tiempo en el futuro.
CONTINUO
Pregunta: (Wh?) + will + subject + have + been + verb -ing?
How long will you have been driving by 6 o'clock?

VERBOS ESTTICOS: verbos que nunca o rara vez se usan en formas continuas.
Estados emocionales y mentales: Percepcin: Comunicacin: Otros estados:

Believe prefer appear agree be involve

dislike realize seem disagree belong lack
doubt recognize see deny concern matter
feel remember / forget hear astonish consist owe
Guess suppose smell impress contain own
Hate think taste mean cost possess
hope understand sound please depend
Imagine want promise deserve
know wish satisfy fit
like surprise include
love
need