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 122 PB~:SENCE AFIl.ICAI:"E
.\'(grul'~ ,in lht.ir population ;lI1d Ihl' proportion of illll1lig\il~1lS
10 inh:lbIl~lnl~. C-ol1!oiequf"nlly, we seledcd Porto ~\Iegre which
IS highly dilr~l'(:nti;lted as f;!r :I~ pronomic :Ietivilic~ :lre
concerned. heing Southern Brazil's most industrialized and
.. urbanized" lown and also a prcdomin:ml zone of EUl'openll
immigration Pelolas was Ollr sel'ond choice bcc:1:llsC of its
I:lrge percentage of coloured people and bccause it was the
centre of a lypicrd pro-sl:I\'c-(r:lde ;lrc:l. due to its drie-d Jl!ral
indllstn'. Inversel\", lhl' cil\' of ClIl'ilihn - although it is also
well IIl'h:lnized - ' nol only h:ls one of lhe lowest pcni.'lltages
Ill' coloureds hul :tlso has not yet cOine in conlnd with
industl'ializ:dioll. Fin:dly. Flol'iallopolis. aparl from being
another eX31llpJe (If lIrlJanizntion without indllslri:t1iz:l1:ol1,
h:l~ (he particularity of being a city who~t' population is
h:l . . ically LlI~O.nr;lzili:lll (while ClIriliba has :t high percentage
of Eurnpeall tllllJligl':tnhL ~IOJ'(,OH~r. il is situated till :1Il
isl:lJ1d "'here the sl:!\,ctr:td:: nen'r lIC1l1l"ished OIl a l:lrge ~(':l1c
:l!' it W:lS inhabited lJ.' Acol'ians owning sm:ll1 plots of lane!.
The results of these slIrn.,s h:l\'(' not .'-et heen full."
puhlished '. but t!If' npin oLllline of those lhat hHve been
completed resull in conclusions ,,-hich [Ire bound to be
unexpected: Uracial prejlldite " :\cts in :111 four cOllllllllnilies
:lS a fundamental cOlllponent or the prol:es~ oj intpr-I':Icial
:ldnplatioll ; differences of intensity or forllls of lI1[mifeslation
of prejudin: are hardlY signific:1nl. Till' diOt:!'tnccs C:III be
altl'ibuted to the \':Irying sucird slructurcs l'efclTe<! 10 ;lbo\,e,
" for there is no doubt th;lt the " r:lci:dly prejudiced person"
has social functions thnl \'ary according 10 the Iype of
organization ;1IHI "trlldlll'C of e:1('h .... ol1lpl('lr ",oridy. Thus.
in Florianopulis in the Prist. tilt' rcl:tli\'(~ly ...-iolent dominalion
of tHe ~cgro by the "'hite look on :1 p;lrliClllar aspect. owing
Lo the non-existence of the p;llri:uC"h:1I pattern typical of the
rest of Br:lzil - the eo('xislence of free work with s!:l\'c
work. Th l, nonexislel1ce of lll:lteri:ll t.:Olldilion~ c:lpablt' of
:l:"~tlring (he forme}' :1 .'i(';Ullrl1ral "'tll) of life C:lllSC(! differ.
('Ill'l'" of :1 I";lri:d 11f1lur(' hefwl'l.l1 the Iwo to he l-'ll1ph:l"izcrl. lo
G Onh Ill!' Inlllll'ill;': \\Olk ... 11:\\(' bl'l'll pubJ1~hcd F II. l'l~p(\:-,o and Ont!-
\ 10 I ~";;f' C.i r t.' .\fOlllhdul!' Sorin/ cm FlOrlClllObo/l.I: l'i;' Ed. ~~'l"iol\at. S.
I Pnu}(). 1(1/)0: II\Sl is .lll'lnIlH1rj(ls('_, do EHrn;.Jo; I)jtu~;t" I~:llrol)('i,) do
8rll~1/ .1101-
'" I,i\rn. "'. Paulo.
jliolloI;
Iq62: ('\1'110"'(,) X.\,rtl:/dO(l t' l(lpllall.\1110 !l{I
Difus:IO Europ<-'io do Li'ro. :-.. l'::tulo. l<)lll. l;tnni' ... ,llnl" l"OIh'I'fn:-.
Ihe ll',!ioll (If the Pnrnn:'1 dllring- Ihe S!:l'ctfnde. $(r(l:';d.1(1 C ('lI/JitofisIIlO
('"l)Il('"{'rnt; tlw Rio (;l'nndc do SuI durin/! the :<:lme period. For the prescnt
qlu:\fit)/l in lhtl Rio C;r:lrlclr' cIa :'iu!. ,.::c l.'RDO~t, Os brfl'''".\ ,',1 rl.~t"IIS"fJ .\'ociol
o Illl Il,.r:ro ,'1Il Porro .l/c,!!r'. f(",'rr('(! 10 helow.
'(;""
ro:
v.
jE
COUll'lI I'JlI:.l{/)/Cf-. 1\ nH\l.ll.
123
('(Jmp('n~;lk for tile ~/llall inl'C/I1;llify e~i"ljllg in ~()('i:d condil-
ions of production as uoth lived lJ~' tilling the land personally
:lnd diJ"('cll~" The Inrrl's di~cl'iJllinntinn :1g:liilSL the .'I/rwe could
mort' CHsil\' h( Ir:tnsfornHr1. IIncler lhrsl' f'lmdition~, into thc.
discrirnina"tion or Ihe lI'hiff' - e\'C'n lhe poor \Vhite _ ag:linsl
.\'('f!t'(J('s ;.... :I whniL', t:'\'pn tlw rr('t. It'Hial dislrilllin:llioll W:-\S
1111)1'(: t:,sil.'" ll1:tinlaincd :I!lcr th t , :itlJlPI'('S.,.;jOIl of :-;In\'c work
ht.~t'atls(~ :lbolilion naturally ('oilid no! Calise the physi<-:tl
{lifi'crcnc(::s tu dis:lpp(}ll' '. In Pel()l:l~. On lht,' olher hand. lhl.'
adjustlllC:'llt hased On tradilion;d rel:tlilll1s h;t~ pt'r'iistcd; ill
this C;ISt<, wilb ('Io."t"r t'oC\"i'ilel1n' ill Ih., '1:1 II It. soci:tl Sp:ll.e. lht'
bw,;;iC' :l.'i.~lllm('try governing lheir re1:11 ions run\ no rhks.
Similarl\', llwl"c art' difl(n.ncc_sin how conscious the Negrm's
qf PIIl'lo.\}('gl'(' :0'[' of theil' siIIJ:t1ion within ,I scwieh- t'om/l:ll't:'d
wilh Iho:-.(' or Flori:tnopoli .. tIl' CIll'ili!J;! . tlw:-,t- dill'ert.'llcl' ... can
he ('xplai l1 cd })\. till' historic:ll or sll'lu'lllr:d parlitltl:lrjlie~ of
till' t'OIlIlHllnilies SUI'\e\cd. \Tr\'t'rlhl'les~. in :Ill th(.~c l'omIHUIl-
iti"..... preil/dict' O(TltI'S "in the S;lIlk rO!'rn ;1'.. il is f'lll'olln!ered
ill other regions
.\lItllis gOe.' to . . IHl\\ Ih:l( this pht'll(Jlll{'llfJll 1t:1'i its rout-. ill
the shvt~-lradt.' :lnd lh:ll it Occurs pcrl,d:-.!cnlly _ with no great
Y:ll'i:lliolls in thc various s()ci;l! sitll:di(ln~ of rac;al to-
l..'xistenrc round in BI':lZil lod:l~. Tfl be lrllpilicall." confil'llll.'d.
~lJrh ~1 conl'llJsion dOllhllcs.~ l"l'<Jujre~ llL"\ in\'estig;ltioIl S in lhe
:\'orlh-E:lst WIWJ'l' lhe :tlllllOr~ 1Il('/lliolle(/ :tl lile hC'!{inning 1)1'
lhh article "'t'('rn Ii) ha\'(' fOllnd dif1f'l'('nI J'l'sllIb. !lo\\,t'\.t'1'.
thi:-. :~ not till' flllld:l1lll?nl:d :I:\pel't or 1111' q IH.' . . Li 011. Thr
grc:alc ... l problell! r"OlJ) Ih!' ~CJl'illl{)gir:tI point or \'il'\\'
(oll."i~l." in delcrllllnillg PI'l'cj"('ly llll.' l"('I:l!ioll s !>C'tWl'{'1I ('la .......
;111(/ racial harrier ...
The inili:tI ~liln or the SOtltlH'1"1l ~llr\'t:\ \\':1 til dl'Il'l'llllllr
precisely th(' rfTl'('ls which the PO~iljOIl of \'hill :l/ld \'t'grn~s
il th(' <'I:lS, Slnll"turl' ('01::</ h;l\l.' 011 llw (drill Dr \':llu<:'
jUdgl'lI11'llh with reg;'l'd to I';lt'j:tl difl't'r(>lhes. lndecd. allhOl1glJ
IIH' authors ('ould. th;lnk" 10 I Ill' I'r ... ull . . nr lilt, llJU~t rect'nl
~ci('nlifjc I'r,Sl';lI'ch :lnd to lheir OWIl l~xpl'ri('nl'e of l.'\'cryd:l."
lift, ill Br:lzil. l'(.irc! !li t ' ide;l II1:d lht" t:\i . . tin~ pl'rjlldict' i:\ :111
txpl'( . . siull of duss :tnd nut TO('ir-r/ ''lIIH_S. lhe.\' sl.ill 11:1(1 10
:1I1:liY"l' Ih" ("onrwcliolls hl'lwt.'(,1l Ih(' rlfl.\"S .... flllf/lion or 111(. two
:tnd 111(' "ochd l't''''lridioll ... IIla(/t in l"t'g:lrd ttl their rIlCt'. In
OUl' ,jew. :t whitt> mail's opinion of :t l('(/rlll'/l ,\'('/1"0 (dodoI'.
rr. Ih(' t'onclu;::if>n, or ("llu.nt;() "-11111 J,''',,"'I (lp. cir. p. 2.1( ... .1. ;.
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