Radioplan Full Training 2011

Actix Trainer
Standard Basic Training for Radioplan users

3 days
Copyright Actix 2010. Commercial in confidence.
Mutual Introduction
Actix Trainer
Participants Professional Background & Expectations
Training Objectives
Target Audience & Required Knowledge
Agenda
Copyright Actix 2010. Commercial in confidence. 2

Course Objectives
Automatic Network Optimisation, Planning Tool Integration

& Planning Data Validation using the Radioplan ACP Tool
Introduce to for automatic radio
network optimisation: UMTS, HSDPA, GSM, Multi-Layer
Understand of Radioplan ACP pathloss tuning and

radio network optimisation
Cover the from the planned network setup

including drive test measurements to the optimised network setup
the radio network through cell parameter reconfiguration

and site selection

Target Audience & Required Knowledge
Radio network planning and optimisation engineers

with experience in:
:
radio network configuration data, radio wave propagation,
planning principles, network roll-out and extension process
radio networks: structure, functionality,
radio network coverage, capacity and quality
Additional useful experience:

acquisition and analysis for network
optimisation

How do you optimise your network?
Goal:
What do you consider a good or optimal network?
What are your performance measures?
Trigger for optimisation:

How do you identify the need for optimisation?
Method, Actions, Strategy:

How do you optimise?
Where do you start?
What changes do you apply for which situation?
Which information, data, tools, ... do you use?
What do you consider worth doing?
How much time and effort does it take?
UMTS

UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimisation
Problem:
Maximize coverage, capacity, and service quality for a
changing
at minimum cost
Degrees of freedom:
The following cell parameters may be changed:
antenna type
antenna tilt
antenna azimuth
[pilot power]
Main challenge:
Allow the optimization engineer to solve not only isolated troublespots, but
taking the interdependencies into account
Immense parameter space !

Optimisation Method
Problem: extreme complexity

e.g. 100 cells each with 3 reconfigurable properties and each
property with 5 values: possible reconfigurations
Requirement
reach significant performance improvement
Evaluated optimization algorithms

Full search: impractical due to complexity
Random search: impractical due to complexity and randomness
Simulated annealing: not targetedly enough and critical
parameterization
Selected:
Powells Algorithm
Evaluate :
Parameter 2 (e.g. azimuth) Original settings
Reconfiguration options
of Parameter 1
Accepted reconfiguration
Parameter 1 (e.g. tilt)
result for Parameter 1

with respect to coverage, cost
Reconfiguration options
of Parameter 2
Accepted reconfiguration
result for Parameter 2
with respect to coverage, cost
combined with Heuristics: e.g. cells & parameters in order of relevance

#1: Coverage vs. Capacity (UMTS)
Coverage and capacity may be conflicting objectives

Better requires higher Higher requires higher
Pilot Pilot
either by higher Pilot RSCP (Ec)
(see left)
or by less interference (Io)
may cause cell overlapping achieved by cell overlapping
refer to RSCP vs. Ec/Io slider:

Objective Function (1)
What is considered as ?
Exceed the clutter-specific coverage Exceed the clutter-specific coverage
threshold in the entire (traffic-relevant) threshold for the entire ,
, i.e. i.e. from the traffic map
Pilot RSCP Coverage Threshold plot Equivalent Traffic per Pixel plot
either: Covered or: Covered

or:
refer to Preferred Coverage Objective slider:
Objective Function (2-UMTS)
in the Analysis Area

with Pilot RSCP > Threshold of the pixels clutter class
=
number of pixels

with Pilot RSCP > Threshold of the pixels clutter class
=
traffic in all pixels

Meaning of for Optimisation
The traffic value of a pixel determines the of this part

for optimisation.
high
traffic
zero low
traffic traffic
optional: not relevant relevant
Zero-traffic areas are completely ignored

if Mask Regions With Zero Traffic is enabled
:
interference increase the attenuations towards other cells
coverage areas
traffic Balance traffic across cells
serving area size Adjust cell sizes
Create signals:
propagation conditions
Reduce the attenuations towards the desired
coverage areas
Goal: the RF network configuration that needs the

What is a unique measure to rate the capacity of a ?

Relative minimize
represents the incl. traffic + interference load
accumulated over the cell area incl. some overlapping
inversely proportional to required SIR
each pixel weighted by equivalent traffic
spots with are proportionally
Ec/Io like SIR = / (Iintracell + + N)
can be maximized through:
to intended coverage area
coverage
to other cells coverage areas
cell overlapping pilot pollution pilot Ec/Io
What is the optimal with respect to capacity?

Relative Load per Cell
represents mainly the overall DL power required to serve the traffic
possibly on the expense of sub-optimal DL:

Primary focus is on DL:

antenna configuration changes can most efficiently minimize the DL interference
to a great extent independent from uncertain traffic predictions
traffic weighting corresponds to UL load
In case of UL load and cell resources limitations:

Appropriate cell resources (e.g. codes) should be provided
UL overload indicates a missing site

Interference Minimisation
#2: vs. Load Balancing
Max. Pilot Ec/I0, Min. DL power: UL load, Cell resources:

Orientate directly at the hotspot Orientate at the
to cover it with optimal DL SIR hotspot to share the traffic
, but: , but:
less balanced traffic load DL SIR not optimal & more pilot pollution
refer to Network Load slider:

Main Optimisation Objective: RF Network
Service characteristics
directly benefit from good RF network based on RF network and much more:
but: highly non-linear dependency + RRM + access network
+ services + traffic + ...
, e.g. by Monte-Carlo simulations, e.g. blocking, dropping
(too)
RF network characteristics
directly affected by RF parameter changes based on RF network
can be verified with e.g. by parameters,
drive tests e.g. Rx power, Ec/Io, C/I

GSM

GSM Capacity and Coverage Optimization
Problem:
cannot be resolved anymore by the frequency plan
Tighter frequency reuse needed for more or
were not adapted to inserted new sites while
evolving the network over time
Degrees of freedom:
The following cell parameters may be changed:
antenna type
antenna tilt
antenna azimuth
[BCCH carrier power]
Main challenge:
Allow the optimization engineer to solve not only isolated troublespots, but
taking the interdependencies into account
Immense parameter space !

: Coverage vs. Interference
Coverage and interference may be conflicting objectives

Better requires higher Less requires higher
BCCH carrier
either by higher RxLev (C)
(see left)
or by less interference (I)
may cause cell overlapping achieved by cell overlapping
refer to RxLev_DL vs. Overlap slider:

Objective Function (GSM)
How to evaluate interference in GSM ?
The GSM network is a network!
minimize
each pixel weighted by the traffic
spots with are proportionally
Constraints:
RxLev_DL vs. Overlap slider position
Cost (RPI !, optional: limitation of accumulated cost & effort)
Maximum Users per Cell ( target load)

Radioplan Network Optimization Workflow
planning data measurements
Planning Data Initial Analysis by Planning Data Network Export Results to Validation by
Import & Drive Test Tuning by Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test
Project Review Measurements Measurements Live Network Measurements

Initial Analysis by Planning Data Network Export Results to Validation by

Drive Test Tuning by Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test
Measurements Measurements Live Network Measurements

Required Data for Network Optimization
Requirements on the Planning Data
Planning Tool Project Import step by step
Planning Tool vs. Radioplan
Important points to remember:

Measurements from Optimization targets

live network Further constraints
Initial Analysis by Planning Data Network Export Results to Validation by

Drive Test Tuning by Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test
Measurements Measurements Live Network Measurements

Atoll-Radioplan Data Import
Antenna Definitions via COM/COM+

Network Layout Tuned
(Sites, Transmitters, Cells, Other Antennas, Repeaters) Pathloss Matrices
Original Pathloss Data
Clutter Map & DTM Map
Computation & Focus Zones
UMTS Parameters
UMTS Traffic map properties

Atoll (through the Geographic Data Set, exported to a .geo file)
via shared file system

ASM*
Export
UMTS Environment traffic map(s) as raster file(s)
optional: UMTS Environment map properties as .mnu file(s)

* Atoll
UMTS Vector traffic map(s) as vector file(s) Synchro-
nisation
UMTS or GSM Density traffic map(s) as raster file(s) Module

Requirements on the Atoll Data (1)
Before importing an to the Radioplan ACP:

In the opened Atoll project to be imported:
Clutter and DTM maps:
references defined in their properties must be valid
Area definitions:
Computation zone:
always used for spatial filtering of the Atoll map data to be imported to Radioplan;
will define the entire area considered for all calculations in Radioplan (Simulation area)
Focus zone (optional):
sets the optimization focus and defines the area for KPI analysis (Analysis area)
Filtering zone (optional):
can be used for spatial filtering of the Atoll site data to be imported to Radioplan
Visible/filtered sites and active transmitters:
Site filter: sites hidden by Polygon filter for sites ot Filtering Zone are not imported to
Radioplan
Transmitter Active status: only Active transmitters are imported to Radioplan;
(for a Site Selection optimization: also activate all transmitters of candidate sites!)
:
only valid propagation results are imported to Radioplan (see next slide)
Requirements on the Atoll Data (2)
Verify in Atoll that the pathloss data is valid!
Transmitters Properties Propagation tab
Click Statistics Number of transmitters to recalculate must be zero
otherwise: re-calculate the pathloss predictions!

Atoll Project Import (1)
Connect Radioplan to Atoll:

Launch Actix Radioplan from Atoll:
Tools Launch Actix Radioplan or

File Import Atoll Project

The currently open and active project

is pre-selected.
Import options:
Sites and Matrices in
Computation Zone only
Skip inactive transmitters
(inactive transmitters may be useful
for measurement analysis though)
Load DTM and clutter from Atoll
Traffic import settings
Click
Projection and Display coordinate systems

are pre-selected based on the definitions in Atoll
(Atoll: Tools Options... Coordinates)
Click

Traffic maps: the loaded

the traffic map Click
UMTS Environment Traffic raster map
If the association is not automatically detected,
click the user defined Configuration and
select the Configuration which belongs to the
respective file
UMTS Density Traffic vector map
A click on the button to the right shows

UMTS or GSM Density Traffic raster map the imported Atoll traffic map configuration

Automatic import includes:

Antennas
Computation and Focus Zone
Sites, Transmitters/Cells including other antennas and repeaters
DEM map(s)
Clutter map
Traffic map(s):
UMTS Environment Traffic map(s) and their properties as *.mnu files
UMTS Vector traffic map(s)
GSM Density traffic map(s)
Pathloss matrices:
if available and matching: tuned Radioplan matrices
otherwise: original Atoll pathloss maps

Atoll vs. Radioplan (1)
Main differences
Sites Sites, Sites,

Transmitters (relative displacement), Cells (relative displacement, frequency,
UMTS/CDMA Cells (per frequency) + optimization constraints)
Area Computation zone Simulation area
Definitions Focus zone Analysis area
Prediction included out of scope of the tool;
Model pathloss data is imported and
can be tuned by measurements
Pathloss Prediction map assigned to transmitter; Pathloss matrix assigned to cell,
Data Antenna pattern included in the matrix Antenna pattern is not included.
Traffic Data Raster maps based on environments (UMTS) A traffic density raster matrix per service profile, which can be
Vector maps based on user profiles (UMTS) referenced by a UE profile.
Maps based on densities (GSM) UMTS: Traffic matrices per Atoll-Compatible Service Profile
or other options ... GSM: Absolute Traffic matrix
User as required for static planning UMTS: corresponding User definitions with optimization-
Profiles relevant parameters in Atoll-Compatible Service Profiles
GSM: Generic User definition (container for the traffic matrix)
as required for optimization
Atoll vs. Radioplan (2)
Pathloss data import and storage
Atoll project data:

for the planned antenna orientation
During data import to Radioplan:
Radioplan project data:

may be tuned by measurements
During Radioplan calculations

of received powers:
Copyright Actix 2010. Commercial in confidence. for each evaluated antenna orientation 40
Projects
Configuration tab tree
Toolbars and Icons
General Settings and Configuration Data Plots
Legend Presets and Layer Templates
User Workspace
(right-mouse-click on the item)

Radioplan application: used for ACP*
Radio Access Network
Planning Database
Measurement e.g. Investig. DEM &
Equipment Network Pathloss Traffic Con-
Atoll, & Focus Clutter
Agilent, Anritsu, R&S, Setup Maps Maps straints
Panasonic, TEMS, ... Asset Areas Maps
Automated
Drive Test Analysis
Tuning of Network Optimization
Network Layout &
Planning Data Optimizing of Site and antenna height selection
Performance and adaptation of:
Planning Data
Database antenna tilt
antenna azimuth
antenna type/pattern
cell power
Dynamic & Static
Network Simulation

Projects (1)
Tabbed tree window:

Projects
Tree of projects in the Radioplan database
For an opened project :
Configuration
Radio network configuration data
Results
e.g. Measurement data (drive test, performance counters, )
Layers
List of graphical layers representing, e.g.
configuration data plots, images, results data, cell
visuals, result from coinciding two layers, optimization plots

Projects (2)
Creating projects
Typically, a poject is :
File Import : e.g. from an RF planning tool
:
File Load Project Data :
from a file system with Radioplan-proprietary formats.
A selected project.cfg file is the reference to such a file system.
A project is typically not created from scratch: New Project
Opening a project
it in the Projects tree
At the end of import or loading, a project is opened automatically.
A project is closed by opening another project.
Project Data (1)
Network Layer characterized by:

(or Technology): UMTS, GSM, CDMA, iDEN, or WiMAX
, e.g.
UMTS or CDMA carrier identifier (e.g. UARFCN)
GSM or iDEN frequency band (e.g. 850, 900, 1800, 1900)
(Hierarchical Cellular Structure): cell layer or any group of cells
: for serving cell determination

Project Data (2)
Project Statistics
is the area with non-zero traffic density.

Configuration Data
Configuration tab tree

contains the network configuration data
for the opened project:
Area polygons
Environment data
User characteristics
Radio Access Network (RAN) configuration data
Surface Plots toolbar icons

create surface plots of the data in the Configuration tab tree
for the activated Network Layer(s)

Areas (1)
Analysis Area (yellow polygon):

optimization objective function shall be maximized
Simulation Area (brown polygon):
should surround the analysis area to include further sites for consideration
The entire simulation area is
optimization objective function shall never be reduced
for these area definitions

Other areas (grey polygon):
for additional display; can be set as Analysis Area or Simulation Area
Each area may consist of sub-polygons
exclude sensitive areas from optimization
include additional areas outside main area
Areas (2)
Areas can be imported:

as part of the import from an RF planning tool or
from vector data files
Simulation and Analysis Area can be drawn and modified:
switch on Modify Simulation Area or Modify Analysis Area
draw new polygon:
left mouse click to create vertex,
double click to finish
modify existing polygon:
left mouse click on highlighted vertex, release, move, left click
right mouse click on edge,
select Insert Vertex, move, left click
Edit Undo and Redo are supported
Environment Data (1)
Clutter data
used to distinguish
(optional)
See: Optimization Capabilities for more information.
Clutter Classes and Clutter Matrix
are typically imported from an RF planning tool
can also be created and modified manually:
import from raster format files
display clutter matrix and switch on Add Clutter Region,
draw polygon, Select Clutter Class
Display the matrix by clicking Plot Clutter Data

plot legend can be shown or hidden by Draw Additional Legend

Environment Data (2)
Terrain or Heights data

a.k.a. Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
used to determine the
DEM Matrix
is typically imported from an RF planning tool
can also be imported from raster format files
Display the matrix by clicking Plot DEM Terrain Data
Note: Vector data loaded to the Streets item is not used by ACP.

User Traffic Characteristics (1)
A user type is represented by a UE Profile ,

which must formally reference:
an Equipment Profile (except HSDPA flag not relevant for ACP)
a Mobility Profile (not relevant for ACP)
a Service Profile with its
Generic Service weights the traffic for ACP with 1.0
a Network Layer or ALL network layers
See: Traffic for ACP Optimization for more information.
This structure is required to hold
a Traffic Matrix.
The traffic of the matrix can also be scaled by
the Service Portion of the UE Profile.
User Traffic Characteristics (2)
Traffic data
used for (optional)
and for observing optional capacity constraints
Traffic Matrix (also more than one)
can be imported from an RF planning tool
can also be imported from raster format files
can be created using Traffic Matrix Generation
can also be drawn and modified manually
See: Traffic for ACP Optimization for more information.
Display the matrix by right mouse click on the
Traffic Matrix and select Show this Matrix
Network Configuration (1)
is imported from an RF planning tool

including:
Antenna patterns
Site data
Transmitter, Cell, and TRX data
Repeater and Additional antenna data
Pathloss data (!)
See: Planning Tool Data Import for more information.

Antenna beam patterns:

characterized by horizontal and vertical diagram
are typically imported from an RF planning tool
can also be imported from Planet format files
should be grouped into
a set of antenna beam patterns for the
usually automatically defined during import from

RF planning tool (subject to customization)
patterns without defined Antenna Family are
grouped in the No Family subfolder

Antenna Settings

Antenna Settings Overview:

to open: right-mouse-click any element in Antennas folder and
select Settings Overview
:
provides overview of
antenna usage


Buttons in Antenna Settings Overview:

to be used Antenna Families and Electrical Tilts
have been
and
the following to the Antenna IDs.
Antenna ID naming conventions supported
by the Update Antenna Families and Update Electrical Tilt buttons:
<AntennaFamilyName>_<ElectricalTiltInDegree>
<AntennaFamilyName>_T<ElectricalTiltInDegree>
For example:
Both Antenna IDs 742212_U_6 and 742212_U_T6 result in
Antenna Family = 742212_U and Electrical Tilt [deg] = 6.

Site Settings:
to open: double-click the respective site name
typically imported from an RF planning tool

Status Info and Custom Parameters
may contain further site parameters:
either imported:
from an RF planning tool
(subject to customization)
from file (see Site Settings Overview)
or added manually
See: Optimization Capabilities for information
on the Optimization parameters.
Export from / Import (= Update) to :

right-mouse-click anywhere on the grid

exports the table to a TAB-delimited *.txt file
Invisible elements (e.g. due to filtering) are not exported.

TAB-delimited *.txt file with a header row:
one header field must specify the Key of the respective Settings
Overview table, e.g. antenna, site, cell ID
other rows and columns may also contain more as well as less elements
and parameters than in the Settings Overview and also at any sequence
if the respective Key column is found in the file, e.g. cell ID :
for each Key element, e.g. cell , which is listed in the Overview Settings:
all parameters defined in the file are overwritten in the Settings Overview
table or, if not defined yet, added as new columns ( )
Note: No new rows are created.

Cell Settings:
to open: double-click the respective cell name
typically imported from an RF planning tool
:
General
, e.g.:
Resources
HSDPA (UMTS)
TRXs (GSM, iDEN)
Optimization parameters
See: Optimization Capabilities for more information.
Custom Parameters
See: Site Settings for more information.

Cell and Transmitter/TRX Active flags:

, which indicates that the cell exists in the network
as checkbox in front of the cell item in the Configuration tree
in the Active column in the Cell Settings Overview
Inactive cells are not displayed in the main window.
,
which indicates that the transmitter is on, so that the cell is radiating power
as Transmitter Activated flag in the Cell Settings
as Transmitter Active option in the cells context menu
in Transmitter Active column in the Cell Settings Overview
,
which indicates that the respective TRX is on and radiating power
as Active flag in the List of Radios/TRX in the Cell Settings
as Activeflag in the Transmitter Settings Overview
The BCCH Active flag is also accessible
as Transmitter Active option in the cells context menu
Cells with inactive transmitter or BCCH TRX are displayed as:
Cell Settings Overview:

:
right-mouse-click any cell
of the respective technology
technologies indicated by colors
all cells with same technology are
listed with all their parameters
:
File Current Project
in case of cells: all cells of the project
are listed, but only the
technology-independent parameters

Pathloss Data
Radioplan does not include a prediction model.

Pathloss data

Pathloss matrices can be tuned in Radioplan by measurements from
drive tests.
Pathloss Matrix
is attached to every Cell, Repeater,
and Additional Antenna
contains the ,
i.e. without antenna pattern
Display a matrix by right mouse click on the
Pathloss Matrix and select Show this Matrix
General Settings
Default Plot Pixel Size

affects display and dependent analysis functions
should be set in accordance with the original configuration
data resolution as well as with the Calculation Pixel Size
configured for Optimization or KPI Analysis
Restrict Plots to Simulation Area
to speed up plots
Default Settings for Configuration Data Plots
Noise settings for each technology
Message Logging
log output to Message window can be logged to
text files (new file for every 2MB; old is backed up)
Local TEMP Directory storage recommended if Radioplan database

is on a remote server to the Radioplan application server
Number of Processor cores to be exploited in parallel

Configuration Data Plots (1)
Surface plots of Configuration tab data

are based on the General Settings
Plot Clutter Data and Plot DEM Terrain Data
See: Environment Data for more information.
further plots:
Received Power
Interference Ratio
Best Serving Cell
Cell Overlapping
can be configured in the Configuration Data Plot Settings
Symbol in the Layers tab

Plot Settings
Title: pre-defined depending on technology; can be edited
Pixel Size: from General Settings; can be modified
Min. DL Rx Power: pixels with less received power are not
displayed
Options:
Overwrite: By default, the last, unlocked layer of the same
type (e.g. Received Power configuration plot) is overwritten
Use Pathloss Clutter Offsets: The Pathloss Offsets configured
in the Clutter Classes Settings can be added to the pathloss
e.g. for modeling the indoor received power
Restrict: from General Settings; can be modified
Mask Area by Traffic: If a Traffic Matrix is available, pixels
with zero traffic are not displayed.
Use Color: for Best Serving Cell plot
Example for UMTS network layers
Special Plot Settings

Evaluate 1st or n-th Best Server
plots
Cell Overlap Window [dB]: cells within this margin below
the best server are counted as overlapping (incl. server)
plot
Interference (example ):
Noise Floor: from General Settings
Calculation Mode:
Constant Network Load: all cells loaded as defined by
Network Load [%], where 0% = common channels only and
100% = Maximum Power of the respective cell;
irrespective of a traffic matrix
Constant Cell Tx Power: all cells loaded as defined by
Cell Tx Power [dBm], which includes the common channels
Individual Cell Tx Power: each cell loaded as defined by
the cells Total Power [dBm], which includes the common ch.
plot
Example for UMTS network layers
Special Plot Settings

Evaluate 1st or n-th Best Server
plots
Cell Overlap Window [dB]: cells within this margin below
the best server are counted as overlapping (incl. server)
plot
Interference (example ):
Noise Floor: from General Settings
Calculation Mode:
Co-Channel Network: all BCCH TRXs considered as co-channel
interferers, irrespective of a frequency plan
Frequency Plan: co-channel interference based on the
configured frequency plan
Expected Interference: probability of co-channel interference
based on # of Available Channels as well as the respective cells
frequency plan, number of TRX, and forbidden frequencies
plot Example for GSM network layers
Expected Interference
The interference by a co-channel TRX is weighted by a probability:
pik p jk

frequency_ k
preceived_cell_i, interfering_cell_j
No _ of _ TRX i
where pij, pik are defined as:

0 if frequency _ k _ is _ forbidden _ at _ cell _ l

pcell_l, No _ of _ TRX l
frequency_k
min1,

No _ of _ available _ freq. No _ of _ forbidden _ freq.l
It can be used as an option for interference calculation, especially in

conjunction with frequency re-planning after ACP optimization.

Received Power plot
beacon signal power

[dBm] received from
the best serving cell
UMTS, CDMA, WiMAX:

Best Pilot Power
GSM, iDEN:
Best RxLev Power

Plot Interference Ratio
beacon signal
interference ratio
[dB] of the
best serving cell
UMTS, CDMA:
Best Ec/Io
GSM, iDEN:
Best C/I
WiMAX:
Best CINR

Plot Best Serving Cell
Enable
Draw Additional
Legend
to display the string-
legend

Customize Legends for Plots
To open:
Click on the legend scale in the black bar
Adjust / Select:
Scale Limits
Type of legend: Shading or Color Steps
( to select Color Steps legend: disable Autoscale!)
Table of colors and thresholds
Buttons to manipulate table entries
Use Create Transition button:
for creating an automatic range of thresholds
Legend Presets:
are templates that can be applied to any surface
plot (Load)
can be defined by the user (Add)
Radioplan can be initialized with custom templates
Default Legend Preset

Customize Surface Plots (Layers)
To open:
Click below the legend scale
in the black bar
Define:
Description
Display options
Layer Templates:
current layer settings can be used as
template for all layers of this type
(e.g. for all Best Pilot Power plots)
are saved in the User Workspace

User Workspace
Tools menu:
General and Display Settings Save or load legend.ini
are saved in winesworkspace.ini to share Legend Templates
Save or load winesworkspace.ini

to share Workspace Settings
or
Reset workspace
Manage Layer Templates:

Planning Data Planning Data Network Export Results to Validation by

Import & Tuning by Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test
Project Review Measurements Live Network Measurements

Import of Measurement Data
Compare Measurements and Planning Data

Network configuration
(sites, cells, antennas, repeaters)
Environment (elevation, clutter;
optional: map)
Predicted pathloss Optimization targets
Area definition Further constraints
optional: Traffic map
optional: Optimization constraints
Planning Data Planning Data Network Export Results to Validation by

Import & Tuning by Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test

Import of Measurement Data (1-UMTS)
For updating the Scrambling Code plan importing the measurements,
use: Cell Settings Overview Update from File (refer to Custom Parameters)
UMTS scanner measurements Planning tool predictions

refer to: refer to:
Scrambling code (SC) UMTS cell
with SC as a cell parameter
Measurements are assigned automatically
If in the present network configuration,

measurements are still imported, but further refer to the SC

Import of Measurement Data (1-GSM)
For updating the Frequency/BSIC plan importing the measurements,
use: Cell Settings Overview Update from File (refer to Custom Parameters)
GSM scanner measurements Planning tool predictions

refer to: refer to:
BCCH channel number (ARFCN) GSM cell
BSIC with BCCH ARFCN and BSIC
(NCC, BCC) as a cell parameters
Measurements are assigned automatically
If in the present network

configuration, measurements are still imported, but further
refer to the ARFCN & BSIC
Import of Measurement Data (2)
the import plugin for the measurement

Import of Measurement Data (3-UMTS)
e.g.: Ericsson TEMS FMT (UMTS)

the measurement data
(Note: All files must be in one folder.)
Map scrambling codes to cell names
Use to account for additional losses
of the measurement system
Limitation to the Simulation Area

Set Offset when different Result Sets
should be displayed for same route
Set thresholds for derived parameters:
1. minimum RSCP and Ec/Io
2. RSCP overlap: margin for active set analysis
Import Mobile Measurements
Select a file with custom header definitions
Define a for the measurement data set
Import of Measurement Data (3-GSM)
e.g.: Ericsson TEMS GSM FMT

the measurement data
(Note: All files must be in one folder.)
Map ARFCN & BSIC to cell names
Use to account for additional losses
of the measurement system
Limitation to the Simulation Area

Set Offset when different Result Sets
should be displayed for same route
Import Mobile Measurements
Select a file with custom header definitions
Define a for the measurement data set

Measurements in the Result Set (1-UMTS)
Measurement Parameters
... [dBm]:
contains available measured values
(per cell and bin)
... [...]:
contains only values of the bins, where a cell
(or Scrambling code) is
Usage for comparison with planning data:

to be compared
with plot
to be compared
with plot

Measurements in the Result Set (1-GSM)
Measurement Parameters
... [dBm]:
contains available measured values
(per cell and bin)
... [...]:
contains only values of the bins, where a cell
(or ARFCN & BSIC) is
Usage for comparison with planning data:

to be compared
with plot
to be compared
with plot

Derived Parameters
(after Import Process)
# of cells above the thresholds (RSCP, Ec/Io)

as set in the import dialog (per bin)
# of decoded cells (per bin)
# cells in Active Set considering the Margin

as set in the import dialog (per bin)

Complete UMTS Parameter Description

Cells_Above_Threshold [Num] Number of received cells with an Pilot RSCP > RSCP Threshold and an Pilot
PN Scanner Ec/I0 > Ec/Io Threshold (defined in Measurements Import dialog)
measurement Cells_Received [Num] Number of received cells

Cells_Within_Margin [Num] Number of received cells within the RSCP Overlap margin below the best cell
results description (defined in Measurements Import dialog)
EcIo - Cell [dB] Pilot Ec/Io for each cell
EcIo_Best [Cell] Best cell based on Pilot Ec/Io
refer also to:
Actix Radioplan EcIo_Best [dB] Pilot Ec/Io of the best cell
Measurement Guide ISCP - Cell [dBm] Pilot ISCP for each cell
Paths [Num] Number of detected paths
RSCP - Cell [dBm] Pilot RSCP for each cell
RSCP_Best [Cell] Best cell based on Pilot RSCP
RSCP_Best [dBm] Pilot RSCP of the best cell
RSCP_TopN [Cell] Top N cell list based on Pilot RSCP
RSCP_TopN [dBm] Top N Pilot RSCP list
RSSI - Cell [dBm] RSSI (noise) for each cell
RSSI [dBm] Mean RSSI
SIR - Cell [dB] SIR for each cell
SIR_Best [Cell] Best Cell based on SIR
SIR_Best [dB] SIR of the best cell

Mobile (UE) measurements

including:
MS_ActiveSet [Num]
MS_Event [Event]
MS_EventInfo [Event]
MS_RRC_State [State]
MS_UL_TxPower [dBm]
MS_UL_Interference [dBm]
Double-click the parameter

to create a plot
Measurements in the Result Set (5)
If the measurements were already imported into another

project:
Right-mouse-click on the Results tree root
Select

Create Default Plots (UMTS)
just select:
Type of plot
Pixel resolution
Area

Generally Create a Plot from Measurements
name in the Result set
Parameters for Active Project dialog:
Appropriate default settings are automatically preselected
and remembered from the previous selection
optional:
Restrict to
Select Use Time

Information
Select a
combining
function for all
data in a pixel
Select Select Surface Plot Select Raster Plot and (e.g. 50m)
Best Cells Comparative Analysis (1-UMTS)
values of the serving cells:

: Plot Received Power
: Best Pilot RSCP default plot

Best Cells Comparative Analysis (1-GSM)
values of the serving cells - create:

: Plot Received Power
: RxLev Best [dBm] direct surface plot

Pilot RSCP values of the best serving cells (contd) -

comparison:
Use same legend Tooltips show the pixel values
(preset can be reused)
Activate both layers
Lock both layers

for later reference:
right-mouse-click and
select Lock Layer
RxLev Power values of the best serving cells (contd) -

comparison:
Use same legend Tooltips show the pixel values
(preset can be reused)
Lock both layers

select Lock Layer

, e.g. minus :
Right-mouse-click
and select Coincide with other Layer
Select
as Reference Layer
Function
is selected as default


, e.g. minus :
Right-mouse-click
and select Coincide with other Layer
Select
as Reference Layer
Function DIFFERENCE
is selected as default


of the Difference plot:
Right-mouse-click on the Difference plot
and select Histogram from Surface Plot Histogram also shows Mean value
and Standard Deviation

Best serving :
: Plot Best Serving Cell
: Best Serving Cell default plot

Best serving :
: Plot Best Serving Cell
: RxLev Best [Cell] direct surface plot

Best serving cell areas (contd) -

comparison
Colors are automatic; click Draw Additional Legend to show/hide the legend
Lock both layers

select Lock Layer


comparison
Colors are automatic; click Draw Additional Legend to show/hide the legend
Lock both layers

select Lock Layer

Switched Sectors (1)

comparison
color mismatches may indicate
or different assignments of UMTS scrambling codes or GSM frequencies/BSICs

Switched Sectors (2)
Inappropriate assignments of measurements to cells, incl.

switched sectors,
A temporary solution (avoiding a re-import of the measurements):
Edit the Result Set and re-assign the measurements from the wrong cell
(Old Value) to the correct cell (New Value)
then re-generate the measurements plot or
Nevertheless, finally the live network and the planning data status must be aligned!
Single Cell Comparative Analysis (1-UMTS)
All available values of an cell:

: right-mouse-click the respective cell name and
select Show Received Power
recommended options:
add the cell name to the Plot Title and disable Overwrite existing Layer

Single Cell Comparative Analysis (1-GSM)

: right-mouse-click the respective cell name and
select Show Received Power
recommended options:
add the cell name to the Plot Title and disable Overwrite existing Layer


: double-click RSCP - Cell [dBm] and
in the Parameters dialog select the cell from the list of IDs
optional: select Pixel Size and Area


: double-click RxLev - Cell [dBm] and
in the Parameters dialog select the cell from the list of IDs
optional: select Pixel Size and Area

All available Pilot RSCP values of an individual cell (contd) -

comparison:
Use same legend
(preset can be reused) Tooltips show the pixel values
Lock both layers

select Lock Layer
Further analysis options are similar to best cell values: Difference plot, Statistics
All available RxLev Power values of an individual cell (contd) -

comparison:
Use same legend
(preset can be reused) Tooltips show the pixel values
Lock both layers

select Lock Layer
Further analysis options are similar to best cell values: Difference plot, Statistics
Planning Data Initial Analysis by Network Export Results to Validation by

Import & Drive Test Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test

Radioplan Pathloss Tuning Approach
Execution including Before-After Analysis

optional: map)
Predicted pathloss Optimization targets
Area definition Further constraints
Planning Data Initial Analysis by Network Export Results to Validation by

Import & Drive Test Optimization Planning Data and Drive Test

Conventional: Model Tuning
Prediction is an extensive, iterative process
Of course, the pathloss data input to Radioplan may be generated by a tuned model.
Radioplan: Pathloss Tuning (1)
Automatic tuning of all predicted pathloss matrices

based on available measurements
predicted pathloss matrix of a cell

+
Minimize the error (mean and standard deviation)

between planning and measurements
available measurements for above matrix
SIGNAL STRENGTH
SIGNAL STRENGTH
Predicted Initial
Signal Profile Signal Profile
Replacing predicted Per cell calibration

datapoints with of propagation model
measured datapoints
Measured Measured
Data Data
Points Points
Modified Calibrated
Signal Profile Signal Profile
Distance Distance
Possible method: preferred method:

replace predictions with measurements shift the entire prediction map
towards the averaged measurements
applied to the corresponding pathloss matrix

2 selectable methods, which are mutually exclusive per PLT bin
PLT bin
The Resolution of Control Points is the bin size for PathLoss Tuning. e.g. 250m
tuning accounts for shadowing PL00 PL10

for each sufficient number of o o
calculate a local offset as: y
PLbin = E[Measurements] E[Predictions]
+
tune related predictions by the local offets x
o o
tuning accounts for systematical error PL01 PL11
for all other sufficient number of bi-linear interpolation
calculate the Global Offset as: between (+) the
PLfrom-all-bins = E[Measurements] E[Predictions] PLT-bin-based offsets (o)
tune predictions, which are not tuned locally by the Global Offset
Binned and grid-averaged measurements:

offset values at reference points
examples
examples
Resulting pathloss matrix

Original pathloss matrix
Before Pathloss Tuning
Select the Network Layer to be tuned

It is a precondition that the measurements are assigned to
the correct cells!
Additionally the Pathloss Tuning Overview step may help to identify
mismatches.
For a Before-After Analysis, create and lock the following plots:
UMTS: and GSM:
UMTS: and GSM:

Start Pathloss Tuning
Measurements Tune Pathloss Matrices

Select the project that contains the imported
drive test measurements
Select one or more Measurement Result Sets
In case of doubt, keep the default settings

Resolution of Control Points is the PLT bin size
should be set to about the mean distance
between the streets in the drive test
Show Grid of Control Points: display the selected
PLT bin size as a Graphics Overlay
Measuremen Data Bin Size for binning the raw
measurement data should be set equal to
(but not smaller than) the pixel size of the
pathloss matrices

Pathloss Tuning Overview (1)
not tuned yet, but: Cell-by-cell data analysis Review!
classifies the results per cell

(Double-click the header to sort
the table based on the column!)
Cells with No or Not enough

Measurements are
automatically disabled
OK cells can usually be tuned

as they are.
Check Difference cells have

more than 10dB Global
Offset should be analyzed:
What is the reason for their
big deviation between mea-
surements and predictions?
executes the pathloss tuning as selected
Global Offset [dB] is the mean difference of Measurements - Predictions

> 0 : predicted received power is on average than measured
< 0 : predicted () than measured
for a big Global Offset, i.e. for large average

differences between measurements and predictions?
To locate and further investigate a cell:

Mark a table row, click , and minimize the window
3 flags to control the pathloss tuning:

Enable Tuning: master flag
Global Offset Correction: enables Global Offset tuning
Local Shadowing: enables Local Shadowing tuning
No Measurements if the cell is located in the area of interest:
Was the cell not turned on during the drive test?
Does the UMTS/CDMA scrambling code or GSM/iDEN BCCH channel number & color
code configured in the planning tool not match the measured one?
Not enough Measurements if the cell is located in the area of interest:
Collect further measurements, change/extend drive test route
Check Difference if the cell shall be tuned by the Global Offset:
Recommendation: edit the Global Offset to limit it to not exceed 10dB

After Pathloss Tuning (1)
Pathloss Tuning can be reverted by Undo Pathloss Tuning

Pathloss Tuning has been executed on a project:
if Measurements Undo Pathloss Tuning is active
if the generated Pathloss Tuning Overview table
lists Already Tuned items
For a Before-After Analysis, create the following plots again:

UMTS: and GSM:
UMTS: and GSM:
use Overlaid plots, Layer Slide Show, Difference plot, Statistics etc.
for comparative analysis

Reduced deviation between predictions and measurements

Reuse of Tuned Predictions:

Archive tuned predictions to load it after the next import of the
project from the planning tool
File Export Export Tuned Predictions
select the folder for archiving
After importing the planning tool project with untuned predictions:
File Import Import Tuned Predictions
Untuned predictions of the corresponding cells are automatically overwritten, if
the location, dimension, and resolution of the matrix is the same.
Export tuned predictions to the planning tool

refer to planning tool export from Radioplan

Planning Data Initial Analysis by Planning Data Export Results to Validation by

Import & Drive Test Tuning by Planning Data and Drive Test

Optimization Workflow:
Step-by-Step

optional: map)
Predicted pathloss Measurements from
Area definition live network


Optimization Workflow
Optimization Problem Optimizer Optimization process Optimization

capabilities analysis configuration incl. progress results analysis
configuration in the indication, automatic and reporting
Radioplan project plots

Optimization Capabilities in the Project
for UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization
Problem Optimizer Optimization process Optimization

analysis configuration incl. progress results analysis
indication, automatic and reporting
plots

Network Layer and Active Cells (UMTS)
The optimization will be executed for:

the
of the selected
There are 2 Active flags:

Active flag

(Subcell)
Active flag

Areas Definition
Analysis Area (yellow polygon):

determines the reconfigurable cells
optimization objective function shall be maximized
Simulation Area (brown polygon):
should surround the analysis area to include sites for consideration
The entire simulation area is
optimization objective function shall never be reduced
Each area may consist of sub-polygons

exclude specific areas from optimization
include additional areas outside main area
for these area definitions
Clutter-Specific Coverage Targets (UMTS)
Clutter-specific Pilot RSCP target thresholds:

account for shadowing margins and indoor penetration
used
For example:
highest: Dense Urban -80 dBm = -95 dBm + 15 dB pathloss offset
Urban -85 dBm = -95 dBm + 10 dB
Suburban -90 dBm = -95 dBm + 5 dB
lowest: Rural, open areas -95 dBm = -95 dBm = reference threshold
Optimization Clutter
Analysis Classes
Settings Settings

Clutter-Specific Coverage Targets
from the planning tool are
The decision whether a certain received signal level is sufficient for

can be made however also :
A higher target can account for:
Shadowing margin Received Outdoor threshold level
signal level required for Coverage
Indoor penetration loss
Example: -95 dBm
-95 dBm + 9 dB
+ 9 dB + 10 dB
-90 dBm -95 dBm = -84 dBm = -74 dBm
Outdoor Outdoor Outdoor Indoor

The prediction model may consider clutter-specific
ground level ground level ground level ground level
attenuations on the propagation path.
50% reliability 50% reliability 95% reliability 95% reliability
Antenna Families
Required for optimization:

set of patterns for same antenna model,
each with different electrical tilt

otherwise: configurable in Antenna Settings Overview

No Family antennas cannot be used for electrical tilt
optimization (except: AEDT approximation is used)
Note: Update Antenna Families and Update Electrcial Tilt
works for the following naming schemes:
<Family> <e-Tilt []> , <Family > <e-Tilt []> , <Family > <e-Tilt []>

Groups of Alternative Antennas
Required for optimization:

set of antennas of
different antenna models,
i.e. of different antenna families
During optimization the original antenna definition at a cell can then be

replaced with an antenna definition from up to 5 configured antenna groups.
Site Constraints on Antenna Changes
To prevent any change at a site: disable Is Reconfigurable

configure several sites at once in the Site Settings Overview
For sites with antenna installation with locked azimuths

Lock Angle between Cells must be activated
Then, any azimuth change at a cell of thsis site must not change the azimuth
relations between the cells.
Cell Constraints on Antenna Changes (1)
Reconfigurable parameters
due to of the respective antenna
Note: The optimization may apply even tighter constraints.
configure several cells at once in the Cell Settings Overview

Cell Constraints on Antenna Changes (2)
Reconfigurable parameters:
Mechanical Tilt, Electrical Tilt, Azimuth, Power, Antenna Type
also indicate whether Electrical Tilt can be changed remotely
Absolute Min-Max range for reconfiguration:
Mechanical Tilt, Azimuth, Power within the given range
Electrical Tilt within the smaller of the two ranges:
antenna family and range given here
Antenna Type within the selected Group (defined in Antenna Settings)
Step size for reconfiguration:
Tilt (applies to Mechanical and Electrical), Azimuth, Power
Max. Users per Cell:
The target number of users for this cell.
(cell-specific Costs only used for Capital Planning, not for ACP)
Problem Analysis
Optimization Optimizer Optimization process Optimization

capabilities configuration incl. progress results analysis

General Settings
Tools General Settings

contains options that are relevant for optimization:
Default Plot Pixel Size
for display and dependent analysis functions
(as opposed to: Calculation pixel size for optimization)
Restrict Plots to Simulation Area
to speed up plots
Noise Floor settings for each technology
Message Logging
recommended to be enabled
Multithreading
is enabled by default if the processor has multiple cores

Multiple Network Layers
For a multi-layer optimization:

select the network layer(s) now
from the drop-down menu
or
in Network Layers dialog
select the network layers later

in the Optimization Wizard

Analysis Settings (1-UMTS)
have to be defined for the Analysis Plots

Calculation Pixel Size

recommended: 25m 50m 100m (depending on average site distance,
area size, optimization run-time, and RAM constraints)
not smaller than pathloss matrix resolution
Pilot RSCP and Ec/Io targets
to be set according to planning guidelines
clutter-specific offsets are added
Pilot Ec/Io target is related to Network Load
DCH Network Load
0%: no DCH user traffic
> 0% ... 100%: DCH user traffic load level
above CCH powers up to Max. Cell Power
Trade-off between interference
minimization and load balancing

Cell Overlap Margin

to be set according to reporting guidelines
Margin for Relevant Cell Plot
Optimization ... Analysis Plots Best Cell Areas Relevant Cells
identifies all cells that are received within this margin below the best serving cell at
any pixel inside of the Analysis Area
useful to determine the necessary Simulation Area size
Traffic and Area Masking
Consider Traffic Distribution
if traffic map available
Areas with zero traffic density can be
excluded from optimization
Optimization can also be performed for:
initially covered area only
Analysis Area only

Cells Located in Analysis Area

all active cells within the Analysis Area.
reconfiguration is hard-limited to
Best Cells in Analysis Area
all "Cells Located in Analysis Area" plus all active
cells that are the best server at least at one pixel
reconfiguration is soft-limited to
Cells Within Margin in Analysis Area

all "Best Cells in Analysis Area" plus
all active cells that are received within
a Margin below the best server at least
at one pixel in the Analysis Area.
The Margin [dB] is configurable below.

Analysis Plots (UMTS)
Optimization Layers:
created from Optimization menu listed in Layers tab
indicated by icon

Optimizer Configuration
Optimization Problem Optimization process Optimization

capabilities analysis incl. progress results analysis

Run Optimization Wizard
Template Selection
Optimization Run Optimization
One element must be selected:

an available template, i.e.
a pre-defined optimization
scenario or
No Template , i.e.
use the optimization settings
previously saved in the project
To go through settings pages
check Show Optimization Wizard Next
low user level can block access to that Wizard
Page

Optimization Task Selection (UMTS)
Select Optimizer and

Configure Optimizer
Optimization Plot Settings

for each selected plot, a pair of
optimization plots is automatically
created during the optimization process:
(Begin Opt.) and
(Running Opt.) or (End Opt.)
Plot Options
Remove Present Plots
removes all unlocked Optimization plots from the
Layers tab before generating the new plots
Next
Automatic Plot Update
(Running Opt.) plots are continuously updated
Wizard
disable to further speed up the optimization Page

Optimizer Settings (1-UMTS)
Select optimizable parameters
= minimum required benefit to

accept the parameter change;
Recommendation:
2% ... 10% for expensive changes
(e.g. antenna type, azimuth,
mechanical tilt)
0% ... 1% for less expensive changes
(e.g. electrical tilt, [Pilot power])
Select optimization range around initial value,
i.e. search window per run
see next slide for details

Optimizer Settings (2)
Search window per Optimization Run

initial value before optimization e.g.
may be planning default, pre-optimized, 2
hard limited
defined in Project Cell Optimization Capabilities 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
e.g. for mechanical tilt
[Min..(StepSize)..Max] = [0..(1)..15] 5 steps down, but
hard-limited by 0
soft limited 5 steps up
(up = higher value)
optimization , e.g. 3 runs Run #1 01234567
defined in Run Optimization Wizard
Optimizer Settings
Run #2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
e.g. mechanical tilt
[Max Steps Up; .. Down] = [5; 5]
assumed optimization results Run #3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Rule of thumb for exploiting the entire optimization range:

# opt. runs * Max Steps Up (or Down) hard limited range, e.g. here: 3 * 5 = 15
Business Rules contain

additional options:
Check Minimum Azimuth

Separation
No azimuth change must violate
the configured min. separation
from its adjacent sectors.
Check Maximum Users per Cell
No reconfiguration must increase
the number of users at any cell
above the Max. Users per Cell
threshold defined in that cell.

Target percentage of the

(i.e. pixels)
to be applied to:
Analysis area
Simulation area
each clutter class area,
if Use Clutter... is enabled
If clutter classes are very much
fragmented Merge ... should be applied.
(i.e. traffic values)
(similar to above)

optimization
towards (RSCP) and
(Ec/Io) :
Left: maximize RSCP coverage only
Inside Left: prefer RSCP coverage,
no capacity degradation
Inside Right: prefer capacity,
no RSCP degradation
Right: maximize capacity only
Coverage objective:
consider Coverage in terms of:
Area or Traffic or both
Max. Number of optimization runs
Iterative method: 3 or 2 recommended

Optimizer Settings (6)
Areas observed during optimization:

Analysis Area (yellow polygon)
an element of the Project Configuration
optimization objective function
shall be maximized
Simulation Area (brown polygon)
an element of the Project Configuration
optimization objective function
shall never be reduced
Cells Impact Area (light blue)
where the change of this cell an impact
automatically calculated during
optimization; not visible
larger than Best Cell Area (blue)
relative improvement of the optimization
objective function must exceed the RPI
for a change to be accepted
Multi-Layer Optimization (UMTS)
In case of a single network layer

just click Next
For Multi-Layer Optimization:

target network layers are displayed
select constraint network layers
refer to Multi-Layer optimization Next
for more information Wizard
Page

Settings for Target Layers (UMTS)
mainly include the Optimization
review and adjust, if required
Additional
Thresholds
for additional
statistics in the
Optimization
summary report
no impact on
the optimization
Use Additional Electrical DownTilt (AEDT) Next

Approximation: Wizard
just for special case of no antenna families are available Page

Settings for Target Layers
Overshooting Cell Compensation

If enabled, overshooting (boomer) cells
are automatically identified and tilted
down before starting the actual
optimization process
A cell, which exceeds the Minimum
Interference To Serving Area Ratio, is
considered as an overshooting cell.

Cost Control Settings (UMTS)
The total cost and effort required

for all changes can be limited here.
If disabled, the RPI values in the Optimizer
Settings still consider the cost and benefit
of different types of changes.
Even if disabled:
still useful for reporting the total cost and
effort accumulated over all changes
A solution for a limited budget can also
be selected later from the Optimization
Progress Chart.
for Capacity and Coverage optimization:

Next
If enabled: RPI values are only considered and Wizard
Cost and Effort are only accumulated
for sites with Rollout Status Existent
Page

Configuration Summary
Summary of the selected template

and the configured settings
Save as Template
the entire configuration can be saved
as a new template
low user level can block access to that
Start
the
optimi-
zation
Optimization Settings - Customization
All optimization settings are persistently saved in the

respective project of the Radioplan database.
from Analysis Settings and Optimization Wizard
if confirmed by OK, by Save if the Optimization Wizard
is canceled, or by starting the optimization of the project
Additionally, the Optimizer Settings can be

saved to and loaded from a user-defined
configuration file optimization.ini .

Optimization Process
Optimization Problem Optimizer Optimization

capabilities analysis configuration results analysis
configuration in the and reporting
Radioplan project

Optimization Start
The Run button at the last page of the Run Optimization Wizard starts
the optimization.
Automatic actions after start:

Creating optimization plots (2 of each)
Optimizing the chosen parameters in a certain order for each cell for the
configured number of iterations (optimization runs)
Logging the progress in the Message window

Optimization progress is visualized:

Open by clicking
Network status can be analyzed at any time during optimization:

Analyse the automatic optimization plots in the Layers tab
by clicking
Optimization can be stopped at any time by clicking

Process is stopped in a controlled manner
Intermediate results are available
Resulting network is always improved

Optimization Progress Chart (UMTS)
and in [%] of the Analysis Area (AA) are

displayed for and
over the steps of the

or, alternatively,
over the cost or effort

accumulated over all
optimization changes

Optimization Results
Optimization Problem Optimizer Optimization process

capabilities analysis configuration incl. progress
configuration in the indication, automatic

Optimization Results Analysis
Means for Optimization Results Analysis:

Automatic Optimization plots: (Begin Opt.) and (End Opt.)
Plot functions for statistical analysis, e.g.
Histogram, Clutter Statistics, Cell Statistics
Results dialog
Optimization Summary Report
Change plots incl. statistical analysis
Change list, Work order
Submit New Values KPI Analysis plugins

Before vs. After Plot Analysis
Automatic Optimization plots:

all of them available twice:
before and after optimization by (Begin Opt.) and (End Opt.), resp.
Graphical comparison
switch between plots (consecutive double-clicks on layer items)
Layer Slide Show by clicking
Calculative comparison
using Coincide with other Layer... from a Layers context menu
Statistical evaluation of improvement
e.g. by creating histogram from difference plot

Example: Pilot Ec/Io Plots (1)
Pair of plots for the status before and after optimization
after
before

Create a Difference plot

Call function
at first layer
Select
second layer
Choose
DIFFERENCE as
combination
function

Derive statistics of improvements
Ec/Io improvement: mean and standard deviation

Optimization Results Dialog (1-UMTS)
is automatically opened when the optimization is finished

lists all cells and selected parameters and highlights the changes
Graphical visualization Save the Changes can be individually NOTE: Antenna Height
of changes and Summary Change list or accepted or denied. Certain = Site Altitude
+ Antenna Height !
improvements Report a Work Order Grid fields can be edited.
Optimization Results Dialog (2-UMTS)
Interactively select an intermediate result from the Progress Chart

Show in Results Dialog... sets the table to
the selected intermediate result
Launch Optimization Progress chart

to pick an intermediate result
Optimization Results Dialog (3)
While the dialog is open, optimization results can be written to the

database for :
Optimization (by Progress Chart interaction)
individual modifications of the WiNeS optimization result
( by editing the grid contents to )
restore the original values
Close Dialog then provides several options:

Submit New Values: i.e. the values in the grid (may be user-edited)
Restore Original Values: i.e. non-optimized
Close: i.e. leave database unchanged (may have been changed before by the user
through the dialog buttons)
Optimization Summary Report (UMTS)
Optimization settings overview
Cost control statistics:

accumulated cost and effort
Number of changed sites and cells

for each cell parameter
Limitations by Cell Optimization Capabilities
Performance statistics for Simulation area, Analysis

area, and optionally per Clutter class area on:
Pilot RSCP Covered Area, Covered Traffic
Pilot Ec/Io Covered Area, Covered Traffic
Overlapping Cells
Step-by-Step GSM specifics (in contrast to UMTS)

GSM vs. UMTS Optimization
Main differences:
UMTS GSM
RF measures for coverage Pilot RSCP RxLev_DL (of the BCCH carrier)
evaluation Pilot Ec/Io C/I (co-channel intereference on BCCH carrier
Measure for interference Relative Load per Cell (Ec/Io) Cell Overlap Ratio per Cell
minimization ( )
Power optimization Pilot power BCCH carrier power
Commonalities include:
Optimization principles and workflow
Cell and site optimization capabilities
Clutter-specific offsets to coverage target thresholds
Cost control through RPI as well as cost & effort configuration
Optimization results presentation and analysis
Optimization Capabilities in the Project
for GSM Capacity and Coverage Optimization
Problem Optimizer Optimization process Optimization

analysis configuration incl. progress results analysis
indication, automatic and reporting
plots

Network Layer and Active Cells (GSM)
The optimization will be executed for:

the
of the selected
There are 2 Active flags:

Active flag

(Subcell)
Active flag

Optimization Capabilities (GSM)
Similar to UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization:

Areas Definition
Clutter-Specific Coverage Targets
Antenna Families for electrical tilt optimization
Groups of Alternative Antennas for antenna type optimization
Site constraints on antenna changes
Cell constraints on antenna changes

Clutter-Specific Coverage Targets (GSM)
Clutter-specific RxLev_DL power target thresholds:

account for shadowing margins and indoor penetration
used
For example:
highest: Dense Urban -75 dBm = -90 dBm + 15 dB pathloss offset
Urban -80 dBm = -90 dBm + 10 dB
Suburban -85 dBm = -90 dBm + 5 dB
lowest: Rural, open areas -90 dBm = -90 dBm = reference threshold
Optimization Clutter
Analysis Classes
Settings Settings

GSM Cell Settings (1-Resources)
Cell Output Power
Min. RxPower Threshold [dBm]

for Serving Cell Calculation
The minimum DL received power
required for being served by this cell
e.g. for concentric cells
If no value is specified, the Min.

DL RxPower (Coverage cutoff)
from the Configuration Data Plot
dialog is applied

GSM Cell Settings (2-Transmitters)
List of Transmitters (Tx)

Type:
BCCH (always the one with index 0)
TCHs starting with index 1
Active flag:
If the BCCH flag is OFF, the cell is
considered as Transmitter-Inactive
TCH List:
Channel number of the carrier
frequency assigned to this Tx
only one number for BCCH
possibly a list of numbers for TCHs
in case of frequency hopping

Problem Analysis
Optimization Optimizer Optimization process Optimization

capabilities configuration incl. progress results analysis

Analysis Settings (1-GSM)
have to be defined for the Analysis Plots

Calculation Pixel Size

recommended: 25m 50m 100m (depending on average site distance,
area size, optimization run-time, and RAM constraints)
not smaller than pathloss matrix resolution
RxLev_DL and C/I targets
to be set according to planning
guidelines
clutter-specific offsets are added
C/I:
BCCH carriers co-channel interference
based on the frequency plan

Cell Overlap Margin

to be set according to reporting guidelines
Best Cell Overlap Evaluation Method

:
All cells received within the Overlap
Margin are counted as overlapping
irrespective of their frequency band.
or
:
Only cells currently belonging to
network layers with the same frequency
band are counted as overlapping

Margin for Relevant Cell Plot

Optimization ... Analysis Plots Best Cell Areas Relevant Cells
identifies all cells that are received within this margin below the best serving cell at
any pixel inside of the Analysis Area
useful to determine the necessary Simulation Area size
Traffic and Area Masking

Consider Traffic Distribution
if traffic map available
Areas with zero traffic density can be
excluded from optimization
Optimization can also be performed for:
initially covered area only
Analysis Area only

For determining the number of required logical channels per cell:

(in the Optimization Summary Report)
Only if Consider Traffic Distribution is enabled:

The target Erlang B blocking probability
that is used for the calculation of the
number of logical traffic channels (TCH)
required to serve the traffic assigned to
the cell.
Then, the Optimization Summary Report

contains the number of logical channels
required before and after optimization.

For GSM multi-band configurations and Hierarchical Cell Structures (HCS):
Consider Min. RxPower

If enabled and Consider Traffic Distribution is enabled:
Best serving cells are determined based on
their Min. RxPower Thresholds and
traffic is assigned to the cells accordingly.
Namely, traffic is only assigned to a cell,

if the cells RxLev_DL at the traffic pixel
exceeds that cells Min. RxPower Threshold.
Moreover, in case of multiple cells with

a RxLev_DL high enough, the traffic is
assigned to the cell with the highest Min.
RxPower Threshold even if that cell
provides a lower RxLev_DL than other cells.

Cells Located in Analysis Area

all active cells within the Analysis Area.
reconfiguration is hard-limited to
Best Cells in Analysis Area
all "Cells Located in Analysis Area" plus all active cells
that are the best server at least at one pixel
Cells Within Margin in Analysis Area

all "Best Cells in Analysis Area" plus
all active cells that are received within
a Margin below the best server at least
at one pixel in the Analysis Area.
The Margin [dB] is configurable below.

Analysis Plots (GSM)
Optimization Layers:
created from Optimization menu listed in Layers tab
indicated by icon

Optimization Problem Optimization process Optimization

capabilities analysis incl. progress results analysis

Optimizer Configuration (GSM)
To a great extent similar to

UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization:
Template Selection
Multi-Layer Optimization
Overshooting Cell Compensation
Cost Control Settings
Configuration Summary
Saved optimization settings

Optimization Task Selection (GSM)

Configure Optimizer

(Begin Opt.) and
Plot Options
Next
Wizard

Optimizer Settings (1-GSM)
Select optimizable parameters
= minimum required benefit to

accept the parameter change;
Recommendation:
2% ... 10% for expensive changes
(e.g. antenna type, azimuth,
mechanical tilt)
0% ... 1% for less expensive changes
(e.g. electrical tilt, [Output power])
Select optimization range around initial value,
i.e. search window per run
see next slide for details

Business Rules contain

additional options:
Check Minimum Azimuth

Separation
No azimuth change must violate
the configured min. separation
from its adjacent sectors.
To
No reconfiguration must increase
the number of users at any cell
above the Max. Users per Cell
threshold defined in that cell.


(i.e. pixels)
to be applied to:
Analysis area
Simulation area
each clutter class area,
if Use Clutter... is enabled
If clutter classes are very much
fragmented Merge ... should be applied.
(i.e. traffic values)
(similar to above)

optimization
towards (RxLev_DL) and
(Overlap) :
Left: maximize RxLev_DL coverage only
Inside Left: prefer RxLev_DL coverage,
no overlap degradation
Inside Right: prefer overlap,
no RxLev_DL degradation
Right: minimize overlap only
Coverage objective:
consider Coverage in terms of:
Area or Traffic or both
Max. Number of optimization runs
Iterative method: 3 or 2 recommended

Settings for Target Layers (GSM)
mainly include the Optimization
review and adjust, if required
Use Additional Electrical DownTilt (AEDT)

Approximation: Next
just for special case of no antenna families are available Wizard
Page

Optimization Problem Optimizer Optimization

capabilities analysis configuration results analysis
configuration in the and reporting
Radioplan project

Optimization Process (GSM)
Optimization Start, Automatic actions

Optimization Progress Chart

Optimization Progress Chart (GSM)
and in [%] of the Analysis Area (AA) are

displayed for and
over the steps of the

or, alternatively,
over the cost or effort

accumulated over all
optimization changes

Optimization Results
Optimization Problem Optimizer Optimization process

capabilities analysis configuration incl. progress
configuration in the indication, automatic

Optimization Results Analysis
Before vs. After Plot Analysis

Optimization Results Dialog
is reported for coverage

and Best Cell are reported for interference



Step-by-Step Site Integration specifics for a UMTS example
(in contrast to Capacity and Coverage Optimization)

Optimization Capabilities
Specifics of the Site Integration Optimization

compared to UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization:
Areas definition:
The Analysis Area must include all sites to be integrated
and may also include some surrounding sites.
The Simulation Area shall include a reasonable buffer zone.
Cell settings and constraints:
The reconfigurable cells are determined internally and may also be outside of
the Analysis Area.
The new sites to be integrated should not have a very strong downtilt already
before optimization.
Site settings:
To consider cost of changes: set Rollout Status to Existent.
To ignore cost of changes: set Rollout Status Not Existent or Planned.
Problem Analysis
Specifics of the Site Integration Optimization

compared to UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization:
Reconfigurable Cell Selection

internally determined
It is still recommended to analyze the initial status of the targeted

performance criteria in the Analysis Area

Optimization Task Selection (UMTS)

Configure Optimizer

(Begin Opt.) and
Plot Options
Next
Wizard

Site Integration

Configure Optimizer
Cost of changes will be ignored for:

all sites set as To Be Integrated,
irrespective of their Rollout Status,
and
all sites with Rollout Status:
Not Existent
Planned Next
Wizard
Page

Cost Control Settings (UMTS)
for Site Integration optimization:

in order to consider cost of changes
only for sites with Rollout Status Existent,
which are not To Be Integrated
Next
Wizard
Page

Planning Data Initial Analysis by Planning Data Network Validation by

Import & Drive Test Tuning by Optimization Drive Test
Project Review Measurements Measurements Measurements

Copyright Actix 2009.
2010. Commercial in confidence. 230
Planning Tool Project Update step by step

Planning Data Initial Analysis by Planning Data Network Validation by

Import & Drive Test Tuning by Optimization Drive Test
Project Review Measurements Measurements Measurements

Atoll-Radioplan Data Export
Reconfigured Network Layout via COM/COM+

(Transmitter & Cell properties) ASM
Atoll
via shared file system
Tuned
Pathloss.dbf and corresponding .los files
Pathloss Matrices

Export New Network
Configuration to Atoll (1)
How to export from Radioplan to Atoll:

Open the project to be updated
Select for the data export
Select File Export Update Atoll Project...

Export New Network
Configuration to Atoll (2)
Select the Atoll project to update
Optional: Review the changes to be submitted

list of cells: default is Hide unchanged cells
for each parameter: Update flag, Atoll value, and Radioplan (WiNeS) value are shown
The selected Atoll project is updated.

Then in Atoll: The changes still need to be saved.
Tune Atoll Predictions (1)
Changes to the pathloss predictions through Radioplan Pathloss Tuning

can be transferred to the original Atoll predictions.
Requirements:
The Atoll pathloss maps must be saved in a directory (\.losses),
i.e. they must not be embedded in the Atoll project.
The Atoll prediction files must be located in a directory accessible to Radioplan.
The prediction files to be tuned must not be locked by any open Atoll project.
Workflow Requirement:
Tune Atoll Predictions after the Export of a new Network Configuration to Atoll
Reason: The Export of a new Network Configuration to Atoll invalidates the
corresponding Atoll predictions and thus lets Atoll overwrite the tuned predictions
from Radioplan by recalculated (untuned) Atoll predictions!

Tune Atoll Predictions (2)
File Export Tune Atoll Predictions

select the Pathloss.dbf
The selected Atoll predictions for the corresponding Atoll transmitters are
changed to the status of the tuned Radioplan pathloss matrices.
Optimiz. Scenarios Settings:
Start with projects except the following settings

RxLev vs. Overlap Tilt (mech. only) Azimuth
1 yes yes
RPI: 2% (other not applicable) RPI: 2%
2 yes no
RxLev_DL RPI: 2%, 0.01%, 0.01%
3 Preferred yes yes
RPI: 0.01%, (other n.a.) RPI: 0.01%
4 yes no
RPI: 0.01%, 0.01%, 0.01%
5 yes yes
RPI: 2% (other not applicable) RPI: 2%
Overlap Preferred
6 yes yes
Copyright Actix 2010. Commercial in confidence. RPI: 0.01% (other n.a.) RPI: 0.01% 243
Optimiz. Results Overview:
Compare the identical original KPIs with the KPIs from the
optimization results scenario result the ?
RxLev_DL C/I Mean C/I Mean / # Cell # Cell
Covered Covered [dB] StdDev changes: changes:
Area / Area / Best Cell Tilt (mech. Azimuth
Traffic Traffic Overlap only)
[%] [%] [Num]
Analysis Area (AA) Simulation Area (SA)
Orig.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Optimiz. Scenarios Settings:
Start with projects except the following settings

RSCP vs. Ec/Io Tilt (mech., el., remote el.) Azimuth
1 yes yes
RPI: 2%, 0.01%, 0.01% RPI: 5%
2 yes no
RSCP RPI: 2%, 0.01%, 0.01%
3 Preferred yes yes
RPI: 0.01%, 0.01%, 0.01% RPI: 0.01%
4 yes no
RPI: 0.01%, 0.01%, 0.01%
5 yes yes
RPI: 2%, 0.01%, 0.01% RPI: 5%
Ec/Io Preferred
6 yes yes
Copyright Actix 2010. Commercial in confidence. RPI: 0.01%, 0.01%, 0.01% RPI: 0.01% 245
Optimiz. Results Overview:
Compare the identical original KPIs with the KPIs from the
optimization results scenario result the ?
RSCP Ec/Io Mean Best Pilot Pollution # Cell # Cell
Covered Covered Pilot Ec/Io Area [%] changes: changes:
Area / Area / [dB] el. Tilt (RET) / Azim.
Traffic Traffic (Best Cell mech. Tilt /
[%] [%] Overlap >= 4) total
Analysis Area (AA) Simulation Area (SA)
Orig.
1
2
3
4
5
6 Copyright Actix 2010. Commercial in confidence. 246
Performance Improvement vs. Costs
imply for the

implementation of the RAN design changes.
The Radioplan optimization result is a between
both:
maximum
Parameter large Performance medium
space: Improvement
number of
parameters small lowest
& their ranges medium Costs for
Implementation
low high
RPI values
The optimal RAN configuration?
There is not one optimum for everything!

The optimum depends on:
targets
constraints
You set targets and constraints.
Hence, !

Cost Control: Control the Number of Changes
Cell Optimization Capabilities Before optimization: optional: individually
cell-specific limitations to Parameters selected for optimization select the changes
the changeability of parameters Required Performance Improvement (RPI) to be exported to the
and their possible planning tool and the
optional: Cost and Effort Limits live network
reconfiguration ranges
After optimization:
optional: interactively select intermediate
result from Optimization Progress Chart
optional: Individually reject or restrict
proposed changes
Planning Data Init. Anal. by Planning Data Network Feedback Results to Validation by
Project Review Measurem. or Measurements Live Network Measurem. or
Simulations Simulations
Actix Confidential A1
HSDPA Optimization
UMTS Capacity and Coverage optimization is extended by

additional HSDPA targets and constraints
HSDPA Main Characteristics
Set of new UTRAN transport and physical channels incl.
High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel (HS-DSCH)
shared channel in addition to Release99/DCH channels
allows for additional code multiplexing of user transmissions
no soft handover
High-Speed Multi-User Packet Scheduling
introduces time multiplexing of user transmissions
RRM runs on 2 ms subframes
cross-layer RRM algorithms
Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) / Hybrid ARQ
Data rate quickly adapted to radio link quality
PHY becomes part of RRM
PHY needs variety of link level information
HSDPA Optimization
Problem:
HSDPA creates significant additional interference
Dependent on HSDPA power mode
Conventional UMTS capacity and coverage must be considered
Degrees of freedom:
As part of the UMTS capacity and coverage optimization
the following cell parameters may be changed:
antenna type
antenna tilt
antenna azimuth
[pilot power]
Main challenge:
Additionally optimize the HSDPA performance
Specific performance criteria
HSDPA Optimization Objective
During UMTS capacity and coverage optimization:
Additional constraint before accepting any parameter change:

HSDPA Coverage must not be reduced at any step
HSDPA Coverage:
area percentage with CQI > n,
where n is configurable (corresponding to the target data rate)
applies to Analysis Area and Simulation Area
Channel Quality Indicator (CQI)

derived from Pilot SIR
determines HSDPA data rate available for a user
HSDPA Power Modes (1)
PCPICH Offset
fixed HSDPA power stock
on top of all common channels
PHSDPA [dBm]
= PPCPICH [dBm] + PCPICHOffset [dB]
Ptx = cell transmit power
HSDPA Power Modes (2)
Residue
residue power, not used for DCH,
used as dynamic HSDPA power stock;
dependent on DCH load
Residue limited to:
Pmax,cell [dBm]
= Pcell [dBm] Residue [dB]
Ptx = cells transmit power
HSDPA Power Mode PCPICH Offset
Ptx
Pmax, cell
DCH
HS-PDSCH
CCHs + n HS-SCCH
PCPICH
t
fixed power stock for HSDPA and power priority for HSDPA
HSDPA Power Mode Residue
Ptx
Pmax, cell
Pthr, HSDPA
HS-PDSCH
DCH
CCHs + n HS-SCCH
PCPICH
t
variable power stock for HSDPA and power priority for Release99 / DCH
with HSDPA
Optimization Problem Optimizer Optimization Optimization

capabilities analysis configuration process incl. results analysis
configuration in the progress indication, and reporting
Radioplan project automatic plots

Conventional Optim. Capabilities/Constraints
Like for Capacity and Coverage Optimization:
Clutter-specific offsets to the RSCP and Ec/Io thresholds

Antenna families
Groups of alternative antennas
Reconfigurable sites
Individual cell constraints

HSDPA Cell Settings (1)
Activate the HSDPA per cell
HS-PDSCH Power Mode
Select PCPICH Offset or Residue
Configure the power stock size
HS-SCCH
Configure number and power
PHS-SCCH [dBm]
= PPCPICH [dBm] + PCPICHHS-SCCH [dB]
is allocated like other CCHs

HSDPA Cell Settings (2)
Configure all cells at once in the Cell Settings Overview dialog

Problem Analysis
with HSDPA


HSDPA Optimization Settings
Enable HSDPA (HSDPA must also be activated in the cells!)
scale the HSDPA load: Activity Factor [0..1]

CQI definition: Min. PCPICH SIR for CQI 1;
e.g. if 8.5dB CQI 1,
then: 9.5dB CQI 2, ... , 37.5dB CQI 30
HSDPA Coverage definition: required Min. CQI
For SIR calculation: Intracell Interference Factor
accounts for limited orthogonality of the
DL signals on the same scrambling code
Target HSDPA Coverage:
Min. HSDPA Covered Area [%]
Min. HSDPA Covered Traffic [%]

with HSDPA


Run Optimization Wizard: 1st Page
HSDPA specifics: also activate CQI as automatic plot
Next
Wizard
Page

Run Optimization Wizard: 3rd Page (UMTS)
HSDPA specifics: like in the Analysis Settings
Next
Wizard
Page
with HSDPA refer to: UMTS Capacity and Coverage Optimization


Optimization Results Analysis & Reporting
with HSDPA


Means for Optimization Result Analysis
Like for Capacity and Coverage Optimization
plus:

CQI Mean and Coverage (HSDPA)
CQI Distribution (HSDPA)
Automatic Optimization Plots
CQI

Multi-Layer Optimization
The Capacity and Coverage Optimization can be performed

with cross-layer dependencies as additional constraints
Multi-Layer Optimization Objective
During UMTS or GSM capacity and coverage optimization:
Multi-band or multi-technology antennas as additional constraints:

Shared antenna parameters can only be modified in all network layers
together
In case of locked azimuth relations, the azimuth can only be modified at all
cells and in all network layers together
A change in one Target network layer must not deteriorate the

performance in another Target layer or in any Constraint layer

Multi-Layer Optimization Scenarios Examples
GSM Multi-Band Optimization
GSM layers with different frequency bands as Target layers, if their
combined coverage shall be considered
GSM layers separated into Target and Constraint layers, where coverage
shall be considered independently
UMTS Multi-Carrier Optimization

UMTS layers with 2 different carrier frequencies separated into Target and
Constraint layers
GSM-UMTS Multi-Technology Optimization

UMTS layers with 1 carrier frequency as Target layers and
GSM layers as Constraint layers (or vice versa)

Merge Projects (1)
Network data from different sources can be merged in Radioplan, e.g.:
the Planning Tool does not support Multi-Technology Projects
for multi-technology optimization (due to shared antennas)
network data from different locations or spheres of responsibility
across borders of different regions
Proceed as follows:
import each technology-specific project from the planning tool into Radioplan
then, one Radioplan project can be merged as an addition into another
Radioplan project
The Simulation Area of the destination project is used as a spatial filter.
Before merging, in the Radioplan project to be merged as extension:

activate the cells to be merged

Merge Projects (2)
Example: merge a GSM project into a UMTS project:
open the UMTS project
from the open project,
call Merge Projects...

Merge Projects (3)
Review:
Network layers
Cells with Shared antenna parameters
must be at the same site
Note: cell item colors
depend on the technology

for Multi-Layer Optimization
e.g. UMTS target layer with GSM constraint layer


Shared Antenna Properties in Site Settings
For antenna installations with locked azimuth relations:
Activate Lock Angle between
Cells during Azimuth
Optimization
Then, the antenna azimuth of any
cell at this site can only be
changed for all cells together
(without changing the azimuth
relations between the cells)

Shared Antenna Properties in Cell Settings (1)
For multi-band and multi-technology antennas:
Activate Shared
at all affected cells
for the antenna parameters that can
only be changed for all cells together,
which share the configured antenna
at the cells site

Shared Antenna Properties in Cell Settings (2)
Configure several cells at once in the cross-technology
Cell Optimization Settings Overview dialog

Effectively Shared Parameters
Requirements on the cells:
at the same site
same Position {Offset X; Offset Y; Height over Ground}
Requirements on the cell parameters at the respective cells:
same current value
Reconfigurable
Shared
Non-effective Shared flag settings are indicated in the Message log

during the initialization of the Optimization, e.g.:
WARNING: Cell ABC is mechanical tilt shared but don't have
any mechanical tilt dependencies!

Problem Analysis


Network Layer
Select the Target Network Layer(s):
from drop-down menu
or
by Manage Network Layers

icon and enabling/disabling
the layer(s)
The Constraint Network Layer(s):

will be selected later in the Run Optimization Wizard



Run Optimization Wizard: 2nd Page
without Constraint Network Layers: just click Next
Activate Consider
Constraints by
Shared Antenna
Parameters
and
Select the Constraint

Layers
Next
Wizard
Page

Run Optimization Wizard: 4th Page
Additional Page for Constraint Layer Settings, e.g. GSM:
Additional constraints to changes of Shared antenna
parameters in a Target network layer include:
RxLev_DL (or Pilot RSCP) Covered Area and
Covered Traffic
C/I (or Pilot Ec/Io) Covered Area and Covered
Traffic
Last
Wizard
Page





Like for Capacity and Coverage Optimization,
but:
Optimization Summary Report contains:

overall results
Target layer results
Constraint layer results

Site Selection Optimization
Add the optimal sites from groups of alternative candidates to

achieve maximum coverage and capacity including optimized
initial cell configurations
Automatically remove sites or cells not required to meet
specified coverage and capacity objectives
Reconfigure cell parameters to maximize coverage and capacity
of the new site configuration
Network setup (sites, cells,
antennas, parameters)
optional: map)
Predicted pathloss Measurements from Optimization targets
Area definition live network Further constraints
optional: Traffic distribution
optional: Opt. constraints
Planning Data Init. Anal. by Planning Data Network Feedback Results to Validation by
Project Review Measurem. or Measurements Live Network Measurem. or
Simulations Simulations
Site Selection
Several tasks combined in a single optimization algorithm
Site Candidate Groups

(may be different
antenna heights)
Optimize Site Candidates
Remove Redundant Sites
Remove Redundant Cells
Capacity and Coverage

Site Selection: Remove Redundant Sites/Cells
Problem:
From the network setup with defined removable sites or cells remove
redundant sites or cells
Degrees of freedom:
Removable sites or cells may be switched off
Also the cell parameters may be changed
antenna type, antenna tilt, antenna azimuth [,pilot or cell power]
Main challenge:
Find the least number of sites with optimal cell parameters required to
meet pre-defined coverage and capacity objectives
Consider the load to be carried by the remaining sites
Save time through automated solution

Site Selection: Site Candidate Groups
Problem:
Add a new fill site from each group of candidates
Evaluate different antenna heights for the same site
Degrees of freedom:
One or more site candidate groups
In each group any single candidate may be selected
In case of Alternative Antenna Heights Only:
groups are automatically detected based on same site positions
Also the cell parameters may be changed
antenna type, antenna tilt, antenna azimuth [,pilot or cell power]
Main challenge:
Find the sites and the initial cell configurations that
maximize capacity and coverage
Interdependencies between groups
Save time through automated solution

for Site Selection


Removable Sites (and Cells)
Rollout Status determines

priority for Remove
Redundant Sites task:
Not Existent site removal
is evaluated at first, then
Planned for Acquisition,
and
Existent at last

Site Candidate Group
Assign the candidate to a

Site Candidate Group

Site Parameters
Configure all sites at once in Overview Dialog

Further Optimization Capabilities/Constraints
Like for Capacity and Coverage Optimization:
Clutter-specific offsets
to the UMTS Pilot RSCP and Ec/Io thresholds
or to the GSM BCCH carrier RxLev_DL and C/I thresholds
Antenna families
Groups of alternative antennas
Reconfigurable sites
Individual cell constraints

Problem Analysis
for Site Selection


Problem Analysis for Site Selection
(basically refer to:
Capacity and Coverage Optimization)
Note:
Site or cell removals can never increase
the UMTS Pilot RSCP Coverage or GSM BCCH carrier RxLev_DL
Coverage !

for Site Selection


Run Optimization Wizard: 1st Page
guides through the optimizer configuration example for UMTS target layers
Select Optimizer
Configure
Optimizer
Settings
Select
Automatic Plots and
Plot Options
Next
Wizard
Page

Coverage targets,
constraints:
covered area (i.e. pixels)
for RSCP and Ec/Io:
of Analysis area
of Simulation area
of each clutter class area,
if Use Clutter... enabled
If clutter classes are very
much fragmented Merge ...
should be applied.
Coverage objective: Target percentages for the
Coverage in terms of: Area or Traffic or both covered area and the
Max. # optimization runs: 3 recommended covered traffic with respect to
Optimization stops automatically if no site candidate group RSCP and Ec/Io
is changed anymore and if no sites can be removed anymore.
Select the Optimization
Tasks
Further constraints:
Avoid ...: Keep potential coverage gaps small and evenly distributed across the area
Check Cell Load: No change must increase any cells load above its Maximum Output Power.
Check Maximum User per Cell: No change must increase the number of users at any cell above the
threshold defined in each cell.
Show Extended Summary Statistics: Report additional information in the Summary Report
Select reconfigurable cell
parameters
Select optimization range for
a single run
Min. required improvement
for parameter change; low
RPIs for all parameters
recommended
Azimuth separation
see also: Capacity and

Coverage Optimizer Settings
All constraints should be relaxed as much as possible in order to allow the maximum
flexibility for selecting the optimal sites

Run Optimization Wizard: last Page
Cost Control: optional limitation in addition to inherent cost control by RPI values
Total cost / time effort limit
Consider configured Rollout Status of Sites
if enabled for Site Selection / Remove Redundant
Sites or Cells task: sites with Rollout Status Not
Existent are evaluated at first, then Planned for
Acquisition, and finally Existent
Cost / time effort for each parameter change
Fixed site visit cost / time effort
If disabled, the RPI [%] values in the Optimizer

Settings still consider the costs and benefits of
changes.
Even if disabled:
still useful for reporting the total cost and effort
Starts the
optimization

Further Run Optimization Wizard Pages
(refer to:
Capacity and Coverage Optimization)
Note:
The optional cost and effort limitation applies only to the cell parameter
changes as part of the site selection tasks.

for Site Selection
refer to: Capacity and Coverage Optimization


for Site Selection


Like for Capacity and Coverage Optimization
plus:
Results dialog
Cells Active States
Site Selection Summary
Lists of removed sites and cells

Traffic Matrix Generation
Create a traffic matrix from cell counters

User is guided through a 3-page wizard
Traffic Requirements for Radioplan Optimization
Prioritize areas for optimization

relative spatial traffic distribution from Traffic Matrices
absolute traffic values from Traffic Matrices
Check Cell Load (Site Selection only)
Consider Cell Dependent RxLev_DL Threshold for Traffic Assignment
(GSM only)

Traffic Matrix Unit in Radioplan
A Traffic Matrix in the Configuration tab always represents
a spatial density: <anything>/km2
Still the Traffic Matrix plot always indicates: Erl/km2
However, the actually effective unit is determined by the
Service Profile, e.g.
Speech, circuit-switched: Erl/km2
Atoll-compatible service profiles: users/km2
any except Atoll-compatible service profiles: simultaneously active users/km2
Generic Service: <anything>/km2

Project Data in Radioplan (6-a)
UE Profile refers to:
an Equipment Profile
(except HSDPA flag not relevant for optimization)
a Mobility Profile
(not relevant for optimization)
a Service Profile
A Traffic Matrix is only considered if its
Service Profile is referenced by an
active UE Profile.
Network Layer
one specific or
ALL: traffic is shared
out equally among all
layers in the project
Service Portion
for scaling
(other settings not relevant for optimization)

User Settings Relevant for Optimization
Equipment Profile
Equipment Supports HSDPA
Mobility Profile
no relevant settings
Service Profile
Traffic Model, Uplink and Downlink Maximum Bitrate
Eb/No Initial Target UL and DL
Service Activity settings for each Traffic Model
UE Profile
Service Portion
Equipment Profile, Mobility Profile, Service Profile, Network Layer

Traffic Matrix Generation
Use live network data (cell counters) as input
Distribute the cell counter traffic values to the cells serving areas
Apply clutter weights
Cell serving areas either based on predictions from planning tool or
based on predictions tuned in Radioplan by drive test measurements
Pilot RSCP cut-off threshold for serving area

Prerequisite and Start of the Wizard
Before starting the Traffic Matrix Generation Wizard:
Select the Network Layer(s)
A Radioplan Service Profile must be defined
as part of the User configuration, which the
generated traffic matrix shall be attached to.
(see also slide Project Data in Radioplan (6-a))
optional: A Surface Plot (Raster Layer)
to be used for traffic weighting must be
generated in advance in the Layers tab.
Then the Wizard can be opened by selecting

Tools Traffic Matrix Generation
from the main menu

Traffic Matrix Generation Wizard Page 1
Traffic data import
Load a file (*.csv, *.txt, or *.dat)
with the cell names in column 1 and
the traffic values in column 2
or
Paste 2-column data into the grid
Traffic distribution and
Handling of cells without traffic value:
Spread Traffic to active cells only, i.e.
to cells with a traffic value:
cell serving areas are calculated without the cells
that are not listed
Consider missing cells:
serving areas of cells without traffic value are
considered and, thus, will have zero traffic
Check Input Data !
Aerial weighting
by clutter-specific weights
using the Clutter Matrix
(customizable in the corresponding *.ini file)
and/or
by any Radioplan Raster Layer,

which has to be generated in the
Layers tab before starting the Wizard

Define Matrix Resolution

optional: Pilot RSCP cut-off threshold
for cell serving areas
No traffic is spread to areas with a
best pilot RSCP below that value.
optional: Scaling factor
Select Service Profile to which the
generated traffic matrix shall be
attached to
optional: Automatically plot the matrix
after its generation

Radioplan Full Training 2011

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Radioplan Full Training 2011

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Actix Trainer

Standard Basic Training for Radioplan users

Participants Professional Background & Expectations

Target Audience & Required Knowledge

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Automatic Network Optimisation, Planning Tool Integration

Understand of Radioplan ACP pathloss tuning and

Cover the from the planned network setup

the radio network through cell parameter reconfiguration

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Radio network planning and optimisation engineers

Additional useful experience:

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Trigger for optimisation:

Method, Actions, Strategy:

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Problem: extreme complexity

Evaluated optimization algorithms

result for Parameter 1

combined with Heuristics: e.g. cells & parameters in order of relevance

Coverage and capacity may be conflicting objectives

or by less interference (Io)

may cause cell overlapping achieved by cell overlapping

refer to RSCP vs. Ec/Io slider:

either: Covered or: Covered

in the Analysis Area

in the Analysis Area

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The traffic value of a pixel determines the of this part

optional: not relevant relevant

Zero-traffic areas are completely ignored

traffic Balance traffic across cells

serving area size Adjust cell sizes

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What is a unique measure to rate the capacity of a ?

What is the optimal with respect to capacity?

Primary focus is on DL:

In case of UL load and cell resources limitations:

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Max. Pilot Ec/I0, Min. DL power: UL load, Cell resources:

refer to Network Load slider:

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Coverage and interference may be conflicting objectives

or by less interference (I)

may cause cell overlapping achieved by cell overlapping

refer to RxLev_DL vs. Overlap slider:

How to evaluate interference in GSM ?

The GSM network is a network!

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planning data measurements

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planning data measurements

Initial Analysis by Planning Data Network Export Results to Validation by

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Important points to remember:

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Measurements from Optimization targets

Initial Analysis by Planning Data Network Export Results to Validation by

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Antenna Definitions via COM/COM+

UMTS Traffic map properties

via shared file system

optional: UMTS Environment map properties as .mnu file(s)