3.

0 Detail of Event

In order to exposed and enhance the knowledge about the chemical engineering to the
children in Taman Jati community, several games and activities have been planned during the
event. This games and activities automatically shows about the basic of engineering. Those
games and activities are games , some simple experiments and a simple talk about chemical
engineering.

3.1 Experiments Show

An experiment is a procedure carried out to support, refute, or validate a hypothesis.

Experiments provide insight into cause-and-effect by demonstrating what outcome occurs when a
particular factor is manipulated. Experiments vary greatly in goal and scale, but always rely on
repeatable procedure and logical analysis of the results. There also exists natural experimental
studies. There are three experiment will be conducted during the event which are the floating
eggs, water rocket and water glow in the dark.

The first experiment is the floating egg. Density is the mass of a material per unit volume.
The experiment is deal with the density of the eggs compared with the density of the water
surrounding them. If an eggs is less dense than the water around it, it will float. Because salt
water is denser than freshwater, some things float more easily in the ocean or extremely salty
bodies of the water, such as the Dead Sea. The figure 3.1 shows that the egg in saturated salt
water which is sodium chloride solution floated while the egg in plain water is sink.

Figure 3.1: Floating egg experiment

 Next experiment is the water glow in the dark. The ultra violet (UV) light coming from
your black light lamp excites things called phosphors. The dye from highlighter pens contain
phosphors that turn UV light (light people cant see) into visible light (light people can see).
Thats why water glows in the dark when there is shine a black light on it. Black lights are used
in forensic science, artistic performances, photography, authentication of banknotes and antiques,
and in many other areas. The figure 3.2 shows that the water is glowing in the dark.

Figure 3.2: The water glow in the dark using highlighter

 The last experiment is water rocket. Flying model rockets is a relatively safe and
inexpensive way for students to learn the basics of forces and the response of a vehicle to external
forces. A model rocket is subjected to four forces in flight; weight, thrust, and the aerodynamic
forces, lift and drag. The water rocket system consists of two main parts, the launcher and the
rocket. Figure 3.3 shows a complete set up for water rocket.

Figure 3.3: a complete set up for the rocket water experiment

The launcher has a base to support the rocket during launch. A hollow launch tube is
mounted perpendicular to the base and is inserted into the base of the rocket before launch. The
launch tube is connected to an air pump by a hollow feeder line. The pump is used to pressurize
the inside of the body tube to provide thrust for the rocket. We have attached a pressure gage to
the feeder line to display the change in pressure in the system. This part of the system is very
similar to the simple compressed air rocket.

The other part of the water rocket system is the rocket itself. Usually the rocket is made
from a 1.5litre soft drink bottle. Before launch, the bottle is filled with some amount of water,
which acts as the "propellant" for the launch. Since water is about 100 times heavier than air, the
expelled water produces more thrust than compressed air alone. The base of the bottle is only
slightly larger than the launch tube. When the rocket is placed on the launch tube, the body tube
becomes a closed pressure vessel. The pressure inside the body tube equals the pressure produced
by the air pump. Fins are attached to the bottom of the body tube to provide stability during the
flight.
 The flight of a water rocket is similar to the flight of a compressed air rocket with one
important exception. The mass of the bottle rocket varies during the flight because of the
exhausting water plume. There are equations which have been developed for full scale rockets
that account for this loss of mass.

3.2 Engineering Games

Kids will have blast just exploring with these materials, and it is a great activities for
hand-eye coordination. After the kids have chance to experiment with building, expand the
activities with these fun engineering games.

The first engineering game is to build a structure that can support the most possible
weight. For this one, the kids may build a true bridge, or just a structure that support weight
depending on their creativity. The material that used during the games are wooden clothespins,
binder clips and colored jumbo craft stick.

Figure 3.4: Example of structure that can support weight.