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July 24, 2006, 22:26 Gravity component and inlet velocity #1

Vidya Hi all,
Guest
I'm modeling a flow in which the flow direction is opposite to the
Posts: n/a
direction of gravity. I'm aware that the direction of gravity is set by
the user in Fluent. The flow in my model is from the bottom to top
(it enters at the bottom of the geometry and exits at the top in the z
direction).

While running the simulation in Fluent, I activated the gravity

component in the Boundary Conditions, and gave a value of 9.81
m/s2 in the Z direction. Then, when defining the velocity inlet, I
gave a steady velocity of -0.175 m/s at the inlet face. The negative
sign was used to specify that the flow is opposing gravity. Isn't this
the right way to specify my velocity?

But for some reason, Fluent doesn't seemt o accept this and the
computation goes on forever........ never converges. The outlet face
in my model is to be maintained at atmospheric pressure. So I use
the PRESSURE OUTLET bc and retained the default values. I'm also
expecting some backflow in my model. Is there any way to define
backflow?

Can anyone tell me why my solution doesn't converge and what may
be the cause for my simulation to backfire?

Thanks.
 July 25, 2006, 02:25 Re: Gravity component and inlet velocity #2

Albert Franco Hello, I don't know if you alredy know that the blackflow parametres
Guest can be imposed at the presure outlet bc window. Apart from that I
suppose you've imposed the signs depending on your arrows.
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Albert

July 25, 2006, 05:54 Re: Gravity component and inlet velocity #3

Razvan The "+" or "-" signs that you apply to a velocity boundary condition
Guest have two possible interpretations ONLY:
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- in case you defined velocity as "normal to boundary", "+" = fluid
enters domain, "-" = fluid exits domain;

- if you defined velocity as "magnitude and direction" or

"components", then "+" and "-" are strictly limited to the reference
cartesian coordinate system of your grid.

So, in your case you should define velocity boundary condition:

- as "normal to boundary" and with a positive value of v=175m/s,

- or as "magnitude and direction" with an absolute value of

0.175m/s and 0,0,1 for x,y,z components.

I think this is clear enough.

Razvan

P.S.: the same applies to gravity direction too...

July 25, 2006, 16:26 Re: Gravity component and inlet velocity #4

Vidya Hi,
Guest
I understood what you explained about the velocity direction. But if
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I want to activate the gravity component, I just have to specify the
value and say, if I want it in the Z direction, I can say gravity = 9.81
m/s2 in the Z direction with X,Y values as zero. Is this right? This
would mean that gravity is in the Z direction. Now since my flow is
opposing gravity, and I use the magnitude and direction methos, I
have to give an absolute value of 0.175 and 0,0,1 as the vector
components, right?

Please correct me if I'm wrong.

Thanks.
 July 25, 2006, 22:48 Re: Gravity component and inlet velocity #5

Vidya Hi Razvan,
Guest
I tried to use the 'magnitude and direction' option to specify the
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velocity inlet bc of 0.175 m/s.

Should I use 0,0,1 or 0,0,-1 to indicate that flow is in the -Z

direction? I need to run two simulations- one in which there are
gravity effects and the other in which gravity can be neglected. In
the case where gravity has to be considered, since the flow is
opposing gravity, should the Z direction vector be +1 or -1?

And in the case where gravitational effects are not considered, how
do we impose the direction of flow. In my simulation, the first case
is with the geometry standing vertical, in which case gravity is
considered. The other case is where the geometry is horizontal and
resting on the ground. So there are no gravity effects. However, in
both cases, flow enters and exits in the same direction and in the
same faces. How can I specify the velocity inlet bc in these two
cases?

Thanks and regards.

July 26, 2006, 01:10 Re: Gravity component and inlet velocity #6

Razvan As I already mentioned, settings for velocity components directions

Guest have nothing to do with anything else but the reference cartesian
coordinate system of your grid (it has absolutely nothing to do with
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the direction of the gravity force in your model). To be sure of the
right direction, simply plot the grid and verify direction using the
small cartesian system displayed on the left side of the window.

So, for the gravity case, if the flow is poiting into the negative z
direction, then in the velocity-inlet panel set 0,0,-1 for the x,y,z
components of the velocity. In the non-gravity case, the new
reference cartesian coordinate system would be the one you chose
when constructing the grid in Gambit, so plot the grid on your
screen and identify the new direction for the flow and set the x,y,z
values accordingly.

Razvan

July 27, 2006, 03:29 Re: Gravity component and inlet velocity #7

Cappy If:
Guest
-Flow goes up (positive Z) -Inlet is at bottom, Outlet is at top -
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Gravity pulls down (negative Z)

Then:

set inlet velocity to +0.175 m/s (positive into inlet) OR set inlet
velocity to 0,0,+0.175 m/s (positive Z)
 set gravity to 0,0,-0.175 m/s (negative Z)

July 30, 2006, 08:55 Re: Gravity component and inlet velocity #8

Vidya Hi Cappy,
Guest
How can I set gravity to 0,0, -0.175 m/s? When the gravity option is
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activated, the X,Y, Z values are in the units of m/s2, which is
acceleration. So I gave the values of 0,0,9.81m/s2.

I also use the "magnitude and direction" method to specify the inlet
velocity. I gave a positive value of 0.175 m/s at theinlet and the
direction vectors as 0,0,-1.

The solution ws initialized from the inlet zone. Still, for some reason,
the computation goes on forever and the solution never converges.
The residuals too keep on increasing. I don't understand why this
happens. I tried with both segregated and coupled solvers, but both
gave same results........ i.e. solution never converged.

Do you have any thoughts on this?

Thanks.

July 31, 2006, 08:28 Re: Gravity component and inlet velocity #9

Cappy My mistake, I meant 9.81 m/s^2 for gravity.

Guest
For your convergence problems, I would make sure the initial
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condition for velocity (under solution-->initialization) is the same as
the velocity inlet.

If changing your initial conditions doesn't work, look at your grid in

Fluent and make sure that there are no unintended wall boundaries
that block flow.

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