Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Panitia Sains
(Kimia)
Set 1 1
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
PAPER 2 STRUCTURE
SECTION A
1 Graph 1 shows the temperature against time of solid substance X when heated. Substance X is an
organic compound and flammable.
Temperature / 0C
Q R
80
Time/
s
3 36
0 0 GRAPH 1
(a) Draw a diagram of the set-up of the apparatus used to determine the melting point of substance X.
[ 2 marks]
(b) (i) State the melting point of substance X
........................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(ii) What is the state of matter of substance X at :
PQ : .....................................................................................................................................................
RS : ....................................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks]
..............................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks]
(iv) State how the movement of substance X particles changes between R and S
during heating.
[ 1 mark]
Set 1 2
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
(c) If substance X is cooled to the room temperature without stirring, draw the graph of temperature against
time obtained.
[ 2 marks]
(d) Identify subtance X
.....................................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
2 Diagram 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements.V,W,X,Y and Z do not represent the actual
symbol of the elements.
1 18
2 13 14 15 16 17
W X V Z
Y
DIAGRAM 2
(a) Write the electron arrangement of V ion.
....................................
.
[1 mark ]
(b) (i) Which of the element is not chemically reactive.
. ...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark ]
(ii) Explain your answer in (b)(i).
...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark ]
(c) V and Y are located in the same group in the Periodic Table of Elements.
(i) Which of the element is more reactive?
.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark ]
(ii) Explain your answer in (c)(i).
......................................
......................................
......................................
[3 marks]
(d) Y reacts with iron to form a compound.
........................................
[1 mark]
Set 1 3
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
(ii) Draw a labeled the set up of apparatus of the reaction between Y and iron, Fe
[ 2 marks]
3 The table 3 shows melting point, boiling point and electrical conductivity of substance P, Q, R, and T .
Electrical conductivity
\Substance
Melting point (oC) Boiling point (oC )
Solid Molten
R -210 -153 No No
T -7 59 No No
Table 3
(a) Which of the substances is a metal ?
.
[1 mark]
(b) (i) state the type of particle in substance P ?
..
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why substance P cannot conduct electricity in solid but can conduct electricity molten state.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(c) (i) What is the physical state of R and T at room temperature ?
R : ............................................
T : ...................................... [2 marks]
[ 2 marks ]
Set 1 4
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
(iii) Explain why the melting and boiling points of substance R and T is low ?
[ 2 marks ]
4 The diagram 4 shows the electron arrangement of compound J. Compound J formed from reaction
between element X and element Y
__ 2+ __
Y Y X Y
Diagram 4
(a) How are Y ion and X ion formed from their respective atoms?
Y ion: ..
X ion :
[ 2 marks]
(b) (i) Write the formula for compound J
........................................................................................................................ [1 mark]
(ii) Name type of bond in compound J
........................................................................................................................ [1 mark]
(iii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between element X and element Y to form
compound J.
..............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement for atom of element X and Y
X :.
Y : .. [2 marks]
(ii) Between atom of element X and Y, which one has a smaller size.
.........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Explain your answer in (b) (ii)
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
Set 1 5
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
(d) Y can react with carbon to form a compound. Draw the electron arrangement for the
compound formed.
[Given that proton number for carbon is 6]
[2 marks]
5 In an dxperiment to determine the empirical formula of an oxide of copper , the combustion tube with
the porcelain dish are weighed. Oxide of copper is added into the porcelain dish and the tube is
weighed again. The oxide of copper is heated strongly. After the set of apparatus cools down to room
temperature the combustion tube with its content is weighed again.
[1 mark]
(b) Draw a labeled diagram of the set-up of the apparatus for the dxperiment.
[2 marks]
(c) Calculate the empirical formula of the oxide of copper.
[Given that the relative atomic mass of O=16 , Cu=64]
[3 marks]
(d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in the dxperiment.
....................................
[1 mark]
Set 1 6
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
(e) Before oxide of copper is heated, hydrogen gas is allowed to pass through the apparatus until
all the air in the combustion tube is completely removed.
Describe the steps that should be taken to ensure that all air in the combustion tube has been
removed.
[3 marks]
(f) (i) Can the dmpirical formula of magnesium oxide be determined using the same method as
above? Explain your answer.
.....................................
.....................................
[2 marks]
(ii) Draw a labeled diagram of the set-up of the apparatus for the dxperiment
[2 marks]
6. Diagram 6 shows shows the chemical symbols which represent elements R, S and T.
35 12 23
17 R 6 S 11 T
Diagram 6
(a) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom T
[ 1 mark]
(ii) State the period and the group for element T in the Periodic Table.
Period : ...................................................
Group : ...........................................................
[2 marks]
(i) Name the type of bond in the compound formed between atoms R and S.
[1 mark]
(ii) State one physical property of the compound formed in b(i)
..
[1 mark]
Set 1 7
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
(c) (i) Atom of R and T can also react to form compound. Draw the electron arrangement for the
compound formed.
[2 marks]
(ii) Name the force that exist between particles in the compound formed .
........................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(iii) The melting point of the compound formed is 801 C and its boiling points is 1413 C. What is te
state of matter for this compound at 1000 C.
..........................................................................................................................
...................
[ 1 mark]
[1 mark]
7 Lactic acid is an acid produced in milk by bacteria that causes the milk to taste sour. Table 7 shows
the percentage of composition by mass of each element in lactic acid.
Element Percentage
Carbon 40.00
Hydrogen 6.67
Oxygen 53.33
TABLE 7
(a) Based on the information above, calculate the empirical formula of lactic acid.
Given that the relative atomic mass of H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16
[3 marks]
(b) Relative molecular mass of lactic acid is 90. Determine the molecular formula of lactic acid.
[2 marks]
(c) Calculate the number of hydrogen atom in 1 mol of lactic acid?
Given that Avogadro number ,NA = 6.02 10 23 mol-1
[2 mark]
(d) Calculate the number of moles of 4.5 g lactic acid.
Given that the relative atomic mass of H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16
[1 mark]
Set 1 8
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
(e) Vinegar or ethanoic acid has a similar empirical formula with lactic acid.
(i) Given that three molecules of ethanoic acid have the same mass as two molecules of lactic
acid. What is the relative molecular mass of ethanoic acid?
[1 mark]
(ii) Determine the molecular formula of ethanoic acid.
[2 marks]
Name of ions Silver ion Zinc ion Nitrate ion Chloride ion
Formula of ions Ag+ Zn2+ NO3- Cl-
TABLE 8
(a) Write the formula for each compound below :
Reactants : .......................................................................................................................
Products : .......................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction occurs in (b).
...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) The following equation shows the decomposition of silver nitrate by heat.
2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2
[3 marks]
(ii) the volume of oxygen gas formed at room conditions.
Given that the Molar volume : 24 dm3 at room conditions
[2 marks]
Set 1 9
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
ESSAY SECTION B
9 (a) Diagram 9 shows the models of atoms which were developed by Ernest Rutherford and Neils Bohr
and modern atomic model.
Electron moves outside the
nucleus
Electron
Modern
Shell atomic
structure
Nucleus contains
protons
Nucleus contains protons
(ii) What is the difference in the position of electrons between the Rutherfords model and Bohrs
model
[2 marks]
(iii) Draw the electron arrangement of an atom that consist of 13 electrons using the modern atomic
model
[2 marks]
(b) Chlorine has two isotopes which are chlorine-35 and chlorine-37.The proton number of chlorine is 17.
X
(i) Write the symbol for one of the isotope of chlorine in the form of A
Z [3 marks]
(ii) Compare the number of sub atomic particles in these two isotopes
[4 marks]
(c) Describe fully the atomic structure for chlorine isotope that you have stated in 1(b)(i)
[5 marks]
ESSAY SECTION C
10 (a)
The volume of 2.2 g of carbon dioxide gas is less than
the volume of 2.2 g of hydrogen at the same temperature and pressure.
Set 1 10
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
11 Table 11 shows the proton number of atoms P, Q and R.
Element P Q R
Proton number 8 12 17
TABLE 11
(a) Based on electron arrangement, explain the formation of chemical bond between
(i) element P and element P
[5 marks ]
(ii) element Q and element R
[7 marks ]
(b) Gas P reacts with element Q to produce a white solid.
(iii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between gas P and element Q.
(ii) State three physical properties of the white solid. [ 4 marks]
]
(c) What is the position of elelment Q in the Periodic Table of the elements?
Explain how do you obtain your answer. [ 4 marks ]
PAPER 3
12. The diagram below shows the apparatus set-up for the experiment to determine the freezing point of
substance X.
thermometer
Substance X
Volumetric flask
The diagram below shows the thermometer reading for the cooling of substance X at certain time
intervals.
95 90 90 90
90 85 85 85
85 80 80 80
90 90 80 75
85 85 75 70
80 70 65
Temperature/ oC
[3 marks]
(b) Draw the graph of temperature against time on the graph paper provided.
[3 marks]
(c) Based on the graph in (b),
(i) State the change in temperature of substance X for the whole experiment.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................... [3 marks]
(ii) State the inference for your answer in (c) (i) .
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
(d) What is the freezing point of substance X? Show and label it on the graph how you obtained the
answer.
............. [3 marks]
(e) Based on this experiment, what is meant by freezing point?
...
... [3 marks]
(f) If substance X is heated from room temperature until 100 oC, what is the temperature when
substance X starts to melt? Explain your answer.
.......................
[3 marks]
13
Elements in Group 1 of the Periodic Table of Elements can be arranged based on the
reactivity of the elements with water.
An experiment is carried out to investigate the statement above.The table below shows the apparatus set
up and the observations for the experiment to determine the reactivity of the Group 1 elements based on
their reactions with water.
Lithium
Lithium moves slowly on the surface of the water
with a hiss sound.
))
water
Potassium
Potassium moves vigorously and randomly on the
))
)))) ) water surface of the water with a hiss sound.
Set 1 12
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
sodium
.. ..
.. ...
..
..
[6 marks]
[3 marks]
(c) Based on the observations in the figure above, arrange lithium, potassium and sodium in the
descending order of reactivity of metals towards water.
(d) Solution X was produced from the reaction of sodium with water. Classify the ions that exist in
solution X into positive ions and negative ions.
[3 marks]
Set 1 13
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
14
When lithium metal is put in water, it moves very slowly on the surface of the water. When sodium
metal is put in water, it moves quite fast and produces hiss sound. When potassium metal is put in
water, it moves very fast and produces small explosions.
Metal
Water
Plan an experiment in the laboratory to investigate the reactivity of lithium, sodium and potassium with water
and describe the effect of the solution produced towards a red litmus paper.
The planning of your experiment must consist of the following:
(a) Aim of experiment
(b) Statement of the hypothesis
(c) All the variables
(d) List of substances and apparatus
(e) Procedure of the experiment
(f) Tabulation of data
[17 marks]
Set 1 14
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
Sample Answer
Section A
1 (a)
Thermometer
Boiling tube
water
Substance X
Heat
[Functional diagram ]
[ Labeled] 1
1
(b) (i) 80 oC 1
(ii) PQ : solid 1
RS : liquid 1
(c) Temperature / 0C
80
Time/s
0
[The shape of the graph is correct and 80 C on graph] 1
[ Both axis are labeled with unit ] 1
(d) naphthalene 1
11
2 (a) 2.8.8 1
(b) (i) Z 1
(ii) Achieve octet electron arrangement // achieve 8
electron in the outermost shell // 8 valence electron 1
(c) (i) V 1
Set 1 15
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
(d) (i) High melting / boiling point// dissolve in water// do not dissolve in
organic solvents // conduct electricity in aqueous solution or molten state 1
(ii) Iron
Y/Chlorine gas
Heat
Functional diagram and heating is shown 1
Y/Chlorine gas and iron labeled 1
10
3 (a) Q 1
3(b)(i) Ion 1
3(b)(ii) solid state : Ions are not freely moving// ions are in a fixed position. 1
molten state : Ion can move freely 1
3(c)(i) R : Gas 1
T : Liquid
3(c)(ii)
2
Total 10
(iii) 4X + Y2 2X2Y 1
(ii) - Atom X and atom Y have the same number of shells occupy with electrons 1
- The number of proton in the nucleus of atom Y is more than X 1
- Nulcei attraction to the electrons in the shells of atom Y is stronger than X 1
(d) - Electron arrangement all atoms are correct 1
- One carbon atom share four pairs of electrons with 4 Y atoms 1
Total 12
5 (a) Formula that shows the simplest ratio of the number of atoms
for each element in the compound. 1
Set 1 16
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
Oxide of copper
(b)
Heat
(c) Cu O
CuO 1
(d) CuO + H2 Cu + H2O 1
(e) Collect the gas in a test tube 1
Put lighted wooden splinter at the mouth of the test tube 1
No pop sound 1
(f) (i) No 1
Magnesium more reactive than hydrogen //
Hydrogen less reactive than magnesium // hydrogen below
magnesium in reactivity series. 1
(ii)
Heat Magnesium
ii 3 1
1 1
Set 1 17
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
Total 10
7 (a)
Element C H O
40.00 6.67 53.33
Number of moles 1
(mol) 12 1 16
= 3.33 = 6.67 = 3.33
Ratio of moles 1 2 1 1
SECTION B
9 (a) (i) 1. Atom consist proton and electron 1
2. Electrons in the shell 1
Set 1 18
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
3. Protons are in the nucleus 1
4. The nucleus in the middle of the atom 1
Total: 20
SECTION C
2.2
10 (a) Number of mole of carbon dioxide = = 0.05 mol 1
44
2.2
Number of mole of hydrogen = = 1.1 mol 1
2
The number of mole of carbon dioxide is smaller; therefore, its volume is smaller than
the volume of hydrogen 1
(b) (i) The empirical formula of a compound is the formula that shows the simplest
whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in the compound. 1
(ii) [Material and apparatus ]
[Magnesium ribbon, sand paper, crucible with lid, tongs, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, pipe-clay
triangle and balamce.] or [diagram] 2
[Procedure]
A crucible and its lid is weighed and its weight is recorded. 1
A 10 cm length of magnesium ribbon is coiled loosely and is placed in the crucible. 1
The crucible with its lid and content are weighed again and the weight is recorded . 1
The crucible is heated strongly without its lid. 1
When the magnesium starts to burn, the crucible is covered with its lid.
Using a pair of tongs, the lid is lifted at intervals. 1
When the burning is completed, the lid is removed and
the crucible is heated strongly for 2 minutes. 1
The rucible is allowed to cool to room temperature. 1
The crucible and its lid and content are weighed again and its weight is recorded. 1
max 5
[Precautions taken]
The magnesium ribbon is cleaned with sand paper to remove the layer of
magnesium oxide on the surface.
Set 1 19
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
The crucible must cover with its lid to prevent the white fumes of
magnesium oxide of escaping.
The processes of heating, cooling and weighing are repeated until
a constant mass is obtained. [any two of the above] 2
[ Results ]
Crucible + lid = a g
Crucible + lid + magnesium = b g
Crucible + lid + magnesium oxide = c g 1
[ Calculation ]
P P
_ 2+ _
R Q R
(b)(i) 2Q + P2 2QP 1
Time
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(minute)
Temperature
95.0 89.0 84.5 83.0 83.0 83.0 77.0 70.0
(oC)
12 (b) Able to draw the graph with the following elements::
X-axis is labeled(minute) and y-axis temperature( oC) with consistent scales
Size of the graph is at least half the page of the graph paper.
All the points are plotted correctly
Curve of the graph is correct and smooth
Temperature/oC
Melting point
Time/minute
Question Rubric
12 (c) (i) Able to explain the change of temperature with time from the graph.
Set 1 21
Chemistry Intensive Revision Program - Set 1
Suggested answer:
In the first 3 minutes, the temperature of substance X will decrease from
95oC to 83oC.
Constant temperature at 83 oC for 3 minutes.
The temperature decreases again after 83 oC
12 (c) (ii) Able to make the correct inference.
Suggested answer:
Temperature decreases because heat is released to the surrounding.
Temperature is contant because heat released to the surrounding is
balanced by the heat released when bonds are formed.
The freezing process is at 83 oC // solid and liquid X exist together
12 (d) Able to state the freezing point accurately based on the graph
with the correct unit.
Dotted line is shown on the graph.
Labeling the freezing point at temperature axis.
12 (e) Able to give the meaning of freezing point accurrately.
Suggested answer:
Freezing point is the constant temperature at 83oC even though
substance X is let to cool to room remperature.
13 (a) Able to predict the manipulated Able to state how to control the manipulated
variable, the responding variables correctly
variable and the constant
variable completely. Suggested answer:
Repeat the experiment by using the metals
Suggested answer: of sodium, lithium and potassium
Manipulated variable : metals of
Group 1 elements // sodium, Able to state correctly the way to control the
lithium, potassium. manipulated variable
13 (b) Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the
responding variable correctly..
Metals Observations
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Set 1 23