FOUNDATION ENGINEERING

Shape of SQUARE FOOTING RECTANGULAR FOOTING STRIP FOOTING

FOOTING
Size of FOTTING 2mX2m 3mX3m 4mX4m 2mX3m 2.5mX4m 3mX6m 1.5m 2.5m 3.5m
WIDE WIDE WIDE
SHAPE FACTOR
2 2
SC=1+0.3 SC1+0.32 SC=1.3 SC=1.3 SC1+0.33= SC=1.1875 SC=1.15 SC=1 SC=1 SC=1

Sq=1+0.2
SQ=1+0.22
2 Sq=1.2 Sq=1.2 2 Sq=1.125 Sq=1.1 Sq=1 Sq=1 Sq=1

S=1- 0.2 SQ=1+0.23=
B=Width of 2 2
S=1- 0.2 S=1- 0.23=
Footing 2 S=0.8 S=0.8 S=0.875 S=0.9 S=1 S=1 S=1
L=Length of
Footing
DEPTH FACTOR
2 2
dC=1+0.2() 1+0.2(2)* 1+0.2(2)*
dC=1.18 dC=1.136 dC=1.217 dC=1.18 2 dC=1.217 dC=1.15
1.358 1.358 1+0.2(
dQ= d= 1.5
=1.2716 =1.2716
)*1.358
1+0.1()
2 =1.362=
As > 10. 1+0.2(2)* dQ= d=
2
d
D= Depth of 1.358 1+0.2(2)*
=1.136= d dQ= d=1.09 dQ= d=1.068 dQ= d=1.108 dQ= d=1.09 dQ=
Footing=2m 1.358 dQ= d dQ= d=1.08
B=Width of =1.136= 2
Footing 1+0.1(1.5 d=1.181
)*1.358
=1.181

Inclination FOOTING NORMALY LOADED,SO ,FOR ALL OF THESE CASE ic=iq=1

Factor
Cohesion = 10kpa Asit is local shear Failure C=2/3C=6.67kpa
=25. For local shear Failure =tan-1(2/3tan )=17.27.
Therefore N = tan2(45+ /2)=1.844 =1.358
 1
Ultimate bearing capacity of soil hu = CNScdcdc+t+NqS2d2d2+2 BNSdd

=25 So, Nc=14.8, Nq=5.6 , N=3.2

Nc Nq , N are Bearing capacity factors for local shearfailure

Dt = Depth of footing =2m

For submerged soil mass = =submerged unit weight

Where sat=saturated unit weight =17.63 kn/m2 =(sat -w)=(17.632.81) kn/m3=7.82kn/m3

C=6.67 kpa

SHAPE SQUARE FOOTING RECTANGULAR FOOTING STRIP FOOTING

OF
FOOTING
SIZE OF 2mX2m 3mX3m 4mX4m 2mX3m 2.5mX4m 3mX6m 1.9mWIDE 2.5m WIDE 3.5mWIDE
FOOTING
SC 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1875 1.15 1 1 1
Sq 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.133 1.125 1.1 1 1 1
S 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.867 0.875 0.9 1 1 1
dc 1.2716 1.18 1.136 1.2716 1.217 1.18 1.362 1.217 1.155
dq 1.36 1.09 1.068 1.136 1.108 1.09 1.18 1.108 1.08
d 1.36 1.09 1.068 1.136 1.108 1.09 1.18 1.108 1.08
di 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
iq 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
hu 305.33 299.05 300.77 288 282.14 275.8 260.03 251.82 222.1
Alluvial Strata under Isobar
Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with
trances kankar
Thickness (H0)-2.5m
Ultimate Bearing Capacity -305.3kpa
Presence at mid depth
305.322
=(2+1.25)(2+1.25)kpa=115.6kpa
mu=2.084cm2/kn
Consolidation settlement =H0mu
=2.5*2.084*115.6*10-4=60.22mm
Alluvial Strata under Isobar
Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with
trances kankar
Thickness (H0)-2.5m
Ultimate Bearing Capacity -305.3kpa
Presence at mid depth
299.0533
=(3+1.25)(3+1.25)kpa=149kpa
mu=2.084cm2/kn
Consolidation settlement =H0mu
=2.5*2.084*149*10-4=60.22mm
=77.63mm
Alluvial Strata under Isobar
Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with
trances kankar (1)&(2)soft dark greg,silty clay
with vegetable organic matters semi
secomsed wood .
Thickness (H0)-5m
Ultimate Bearing Capacity -300.77kpa
Presence at mid depth for layer (1)&(2)
300.7744 300.7744
1=(4+1.25)(4+1.25)kpa2=(4+5)(4+5)
=174.6kpa =59.4kpa
Consolidation settlement=
H01 mu11+ H02 mu22
(2.5*.2.084*174.6*+5*3.55*59.4)*10X4-4
=196.63mm
Alluvial Strata under Isobar Alluvial Strata under Isobar Alluvial Strata under Isobar
Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with
trances kankar trances kankar trances kankar
Thickness (H0)-2.5m Thickness (H0)-2.5m Thickness (H0)-2.5m
Ultimate Bearing Capacity -305.3kpa Ultimate Bearing Capacity -282.14kpa Ultimate Bearing Capacity -275.8kpa
Presence at mid depth Presence at mid depth Presence at mid depth
28823 282.142.54 275.836
= kpa=125.1kpa = kpa=143kpa = kpa=161.1kpa
(2+1.25)(3+1.25) (2.5+1.25)(4+1.25) (3+1.25)(6+1.25)
mu=2.084cm2/kn 2
mu=2.084cm /kn mu=2.084cm2/kn
Consolidation settlement =H0mu= Consolidation settlement =H0mu= Consolidation settlement =H0mu=
2.5*2.084*125.1*10-4 2.5*2.084*143*10-4 2.5*2.084*161.1*10-4
=65.17mm =74.66mm =83.9mm
Alluvial Strata under Isobar Alluvial Strata under Isobar Alluvial Strata under Isobar
Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand with
trances kankar trances kankar trances kankar
Thickness (H0)-2.5m Thickness (H0)-2.5m Thickness (H0)-2.5m
Ultimate Bearing Capacity -260.03kpa Ultimate Bearing Capacity -251.82kpa Ultimate Bearing Capacity -222.1kpa
Presence at mid depth Presence at mid depth Presence at mid depth
260.031.5 251.822.5 222.13.5
= kpa=141.8kpa = kpa=167.88kpa = kpa=163.65kpa
(1.5+1.25) (2.5+1.25) (3+1.25)
2 2
mu=2.084cm /kn mu=2.084cm /kn mu=2.084cm2/kn
Consolidation settlement =H0mu= Consolidation settlement =H0mu= Consolidation settlement =H0mu=
2.5*2.084*141.8*10-4 2.5*2.084*167.88*10-4 2.5*2.084*163.65*10-4
=73.9mm =87.46mm =85.26mm
 Pile Capacity Calculation

For downward loading

300mm dia 400mm dia 500mm dia

Strata-1:- Firm,yellowish grey,clayey Strata-1:- Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine
silty fine sand with trances kankar sand with trances kankar Strata-1:- Firm,yellowish grey,clayey silty fine sand
Thickness - 3m Thickness - 3m with trances kankar
Qu=(uavg*K* tan )() Qu=(uavg*K* tan )() Thickness - 3m
Qu=(uavg*K* tan )()
= 2 K=1.0 = 2 =12.5. K=1.0

2+5) 2+5) = =12.5. K=1.0
uavg= 2 =(3.5*8.43)kpa=29.5kpa uavg= 2 =(3.5*8.43)kpa=29.5kpa 2
2+5)
Qu=18.48kn Qu=24.64kn uavg= =(3.5*8.43)kpa=29.5kpa
2
Strata-2:-Soft,dark grey clayey ,clay with Strata-2:-Soft,dark grey clayey ,clay with vegetable Qu=30.8kn
vegetable organic and semi decomposed organic and semi decomposed wood Strata-2:-Soft,dark grey clayey ,clay with vegetable
wood Thickness=8M =1 organic and semi decomposed wood
Thickness=8M =1 Qu= cx Thickness=8M =1
Qu= cx =(1*25*3.14*0.4*8)kn = 251.2kn Qu= cx
=(1*25*3.14*0.3*8)kn = 188.4kn Strata-3:-Very shift ,bluish grey,clay with calcerious =(1*25*3.14*0.5*8)kn = 314kn
Strata-3:-Very shift ,bluish grey,clay with nodule
calcerious nodule Thickness-3.5m =0.3 Strata-3:-Very shift ,bluish grey,clay with calcerious nodule
Thickness-3.5m =0.3 Qu=(0.3*.25*3.14*0.4*3.5)kn Thickness-3.5m =0.3
Qu=(0.3*.25*3.14*0.3*3.5)kn = 32.97kn Qu=(0.3*.25*3.14*0.5*3.5)kn
= 24.73kn Strata-4:- very shift mottled,bluish = 32.97kn
Strata-4:- very shift mottled,bluish brown,clayey silt with large amount of fine
brown,clayey silt with large amount sand Strata-4:- very shift mottled,bluish brown,clayey silt
of fine sand K=2.0, =0.3, Thickness=1.5m with large amount of fine sand
K=2.0, =0.3, Thickness=1.5m uavg=( 6)kpa=50.58kpa K=2.0, =0.3, Thickness=1.5m
uavg=50.58kpa,=15,Nc9,nN=4.4 Qu= uavg=( 6)kpa=50.58kpa
Qu=(48.9+31.62)kn ( + uavgtan ) +(CNC+ fNq* d2/4 Qu=
=80.52kn = = 15. Nq=9 Nn=4.4 ( + uavgtan ) +(CNC+ fNq* d2/4
Qu(0.3*25+2*50.58tan15) +(25*9+8.43*6*4 = = 15. Nq=9 Nn=4.4
.4)* d2/4 Qu(0.3*25+2*50.58tan15) +(25*9+8.43*6*4.4)*
=(65.2+56.2)kn = 121.4kn d2/4
=(81.5+87.83)kn = 169.33kn