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Angle of repose:
The angle the material pile will make to horizontal in a freely formed pile (in degrees). This
characteristic depends on the material and also the lump size and the shape of the lumps or
particles.
Angle of surcharge:
The angle to the horizontal the material pile will make on the belt (in degrees). This angle is
lower (5 to 15) than the angle of repose, due to the movement of the belt. This
characteristic is important to calculate the loaded area on the belt and hence the capacity.
Material Size:
The material size is rated in the belt conveying design from A to E:
All materials in the industry can be transported from very fine A (cement), fine B (coarse
returns from separator), granular C (reject from vertical roller mill), lumpy D (clinker, raw
material after crusher), and irregular E (lumpy + some oversize material)
Abrasiveness:
Non abrasive (raw meal), abrasive (cement), very abrasive (rock, clinker), sharp (granulated
blast furnace slag) all can be transported by belt if properly loaded.
Miscellaneous:
Some characteristics need to be taken into account in design of individual parts or auxiliary
devices:
Standards: Respect of the material characteristics in the initial design or rectification works
Impact if not Improper working condition
correct: Reduced capacity
High maintenance cost
High housekeeping cost due to spillage and overflow
High environmental emissions
Actions: Review of design and rectification to fit the application
Unit Trainees to describe the characteristics of three main material transported in the plant
Completion:
See site specific unit for additional information, respective actions and applicable safety instructions.
Mate rial Bulk De ns ity Appro xim ate Ang le Max. Re c o m m e nde d
o f Re po s e Co nve ying Ang le
kg / dm 3 % De g re e %
Ce m e nt P ortla nd Bulk 1.20 - 1.36 10 12 21.5
Ae ra te d 0.80 - 1.20 -- 6 10.5
Clinke r 1.20 - 1.52 33 18 32.5
Cla y Crus he d 0.96 - 1.20 35 18 32.5
Coa l Crus he d 0.72 - 0.88 38 18 32.5
P ulve rize d 0.48 - 0.64 15 14 24.5
Ae ra te d 0.30 - 0.50 -- 8 14.0
G yps u m Crus
Crushehedd <50mm 1.28 - 1.44 40 18 32.5
Kiln Dus t 0.64 - 0.96 10 12 21.5
Lime s tone Crus he d 1.36 - 1.52 40 18 32.5
P yrite 2.00 - 2.40 40 18 32.5
Ra w Me a l 0.72 - 1.28 15 14 24.5
S a nd Dry 1.36 - 1.60 40 18 32.5
S ha le Crus he d 1.36 - 1.52 40 18 32.5
S la g Gra nula r 1.12 - 1.28 40 18 32.5