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Fundamental
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Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe the EPC network structure
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Contents
1. EPC Network Structure
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Contents
1. EPC Network Structure
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Contents
1. EPC Network Structure
1.1 EPC Network Structure
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3GPP System Evolution
UMTS:
GSM/ LTE/EPC:
3GPP R99/R4/R5/R6/R
GPRS R8/R9/R10
7
1.PS core network only support non- 1. The all-IP network contains the
real time services. PS. Voice services are jointly
2. Voice services are carried in the CS provided by the PS and the IP
domain. Multimedia Subsystem (IMS).
3. Low efficiency of routes in 2. Flattened network architecture.
forwarding data due to the over-layered 3. Support of the multiple access
networks. technologies.
4. Incapability of supporting multiple 4. High data transmission rate:
radio access systems downlink 100 Mbit/s and uplink
traffic 50 Mbit/s.
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The Evolution of PS Network
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EPS Network Structure
Rx
LTE Gxc
X2 S1-U Gx
-Uu S11
UE LTE SAE
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EPS Network Functions
The EPS network perform the following logical functions :
Network Access Control Functions.
Security Functions.
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GUL Network Structure
Co-Site of the S-GW and P-GW
UTRAN
SGSN
S12
NodeB RNC
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GUL Network Structure
Separate Installation of the S-GW and P-GW
UTRAN
SGSN
S12
NodeB RNC
GERAN S3 PCRF
S6a
HSS
BTS BSC/PCU S4
MME Gx Rx
S11
S1-MME
LTE Operator's
IP Services
S1-U S5 SGi
eNodeB
S-GW P-GW
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Functions of EPC Network Entity
MME: mobility management entity
Non-access stratum (NAS) signaling MME selection for handovers with MME change
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Functions of EPC Network Entity
SGW: serving gateway
Assisting the eNodeB reordering function during inter-eNodeB handovers by sending one or more
"end marker" packets to the source eNodeB immediately after switching the path
Supporting inter-operator charging based on subscriber and QoS class identifier (QCI) granularity
Implementing downlink packet buffering and E-UTRAN triggered paging in ECM-IDLE mode
Functioning as the mobility anchor point for Supporting packet routing and transfer
inter-3GPP handovers
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Functions of EPC Network Entity
Packet filtering based on single user Uplink and downlink gateway control based on
traffic
IP address allocation for UEs Uplink and downlink rate enforcement based on
access point name-aggregate maximum bit rate
(APN-AMBR)
Supporting packet marking for uplink and Downlink rate enforcement based on
downlink data based on transfer priority guaranteed bit rate (GBR)
Uplink and downlink charging based on traffic DHCPv4 (server/client) and DHCPv6 (server)
functions
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Functions of EPC Network Entity
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Functions of EPC Network Entity
PCRF: policy control and charging rule function
The PCRF is mainly used for prescribing rules for policy and
charging control.
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HUAWEI LTE-EPC Solution
SGSN HSS
GPRS
Control plane
User plane
BTS BSC/PCU
PCRF
UMTS
eNodeB S-GW
P-GW Corporate
Services
CDMA
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Contents
1. EPC Network Structure
1.1 EPC Network Structure
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EPC Network Interfaces
Rx
LTE Gxc
X2 S1-U Gx
-Uu S11
UE LTE SAE
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Control Plane Protocol Stacks
NAS NAS
RLC RLC IP IP
MAC MAC L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1
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User Plane Protocol Stacks
Application
IP IP
Relay Relay
PDCP GTP-U
PDCP GTP-U GTP-U
GTP-U
MAC MAC L2 L2 L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1
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S1 Interface
S1-MME MME
S1-U
S-GW
eNodeB
SCTP SCTP
UDP/IP UDP/IP
IP IP
L2 L2 L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1
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S6a Interface
S1-MME S6a
MME HSS
eNodeB
Diameter Diameter
SCTP SCTP
IP IP
L2 L2
L1 L1
S6a
MME HSS
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S10 Interface
S10
MME
S1-MME S6a
MME HSS
eNodeB
GTP-C GTP-C
UDP UDP
IP IP
L2 L2
L1 L1
S10
MME MME
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S11 Interface
S10
MME
S1-MME S6a
S11 HSS
eNodeB MME
GTP-C GTP-C
UDP UDP
S-GW
IP IP
L2 L2
L1 L1
S11
MME S-GW
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S5/S8 Interface
MME S11
S1-U S5
eNodeB P-GW
S-GW S8
PLMN1
PLMN2
P-GW
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S5/S8 Interface: 3gpp 23401
3GPP23.401(3gpp access): An S5/S8 interface based on
GTP. The signaling plane runs the GTPv2 protocol and the
user plane runs the GTPv1 protocol.
L2 L2 L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1
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Gx/Gxc Interface
Diameter Diameter
protocol protocol
application application
Diameter Diameter
PCRF
base protocol base protocol
IP IP
S-GW P-GW
L2/L1 L2/L1
Gx/Gxc PCRF
PGW/SGW
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SGi Interface
AAA Server
SGi
Web Server
P-GW
PDN
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Contents
1. EPC Network Structure
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Contents
2. EPC Network Working Principle
2.1 General Service Process
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Typical Packet Service
1 MME
ICP/ISP
internet
2 S-GW P-GW
eNodeB
Signaling
Data
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Typical Voice Service
IMS domain
MGCF
EPC Signaling
IMS Signaling 3
SS7 Signaling
CSCF IMS-MGW SS7
Data (VOIP)
MME 4
1
2
MSC
4 PLMN
S-GW P-GW
eNodeB
EPC
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Roaming: Home Routed
VPLMN HPLMN
Gb SGSN HSS PCRF
GERAN
Iu
S3 S4
S6a Rx
Gx
S12
UTRAN
S11
S1-C MME S8
SGi Operators
S1-U IP Service
E-UTRUAN S-GW PDN-GW
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Roaming: Local Breakout
VPLMN HPLMN
Gb SGSN HSS H-PCRF
Rx
Operators
GERAN
Iu IP Service
S3 S4
S9
S6a
V-PCRF
S12
UTRAN
S11
Gx
S1-C MME S5
SGi Operators
S1-U IP Service
E-UTRUAN S-GW PDN-GW
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Roaming: Local Breakout
VPLMN HPLMN
Gb SGSN HSS H-PCRF
Operators
GERAN
Iu IP Service
S3 S4
S9
S6a
V-PCRF
S12 Rx
UTRAN
S11
Gx
S1-C MME S5
SGi Operators
S1-U IP Service
E-UTRUAN S-GW PDN-GW
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Contents
2. EPC Network Working Principle
2.1 General Service Process
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Identity of EPC Network
TAI=MCC+MNC+TAC
TA List TA List
TA 1 TA 2 TA 1 TA 2
CELL1 CELL2 CELL3 CELL4 CELL1 CELL2 CELL3 CELL4
IMSI
MSISDN
GUTI=GUMMEI+M-TMSI
=MCC+MNC+MMEI+M-TMSI
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Contents
2. EPC Network Working Principle
2.1 General Service Process
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Subscriber State Management
Subscriber state
EMM: EPS Mobility Management
EMM-DEREGISTERED
EMM-REGISTERED
ECM-CONNECTED
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EMM State
Detach,
Attach Reject,
TAU reject,
E-UTRAN interface switched off due to Non-3GPP handover,
All bearers deactivated
Detach,
Attach Reject,
TAU reject,
All bearers deactivated
Attach accept
TAU accept for a UE selecting
E-UTRAN from GERAN/UTRAN
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ECM State
RRC connection
released
S1 connection
released
ECM-IDLE ECM-CONNECTED ECM state in MME
S1 connection
established
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MM and EPS Bearer Context
Subscription
MM context
MME HSS information
EPS bearer EPS bearer
context Subscription
context
ICP/ISP
internet
MM context S-GW P-GW
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Mobility Management Procedures
Main mobility management procedures:
Attach procedure
Detach procedure
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Attach Procedure
Function of attach procedure:
The UE register to the EPS network.
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Attach Procedure
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Attach Procedure
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Location Information Storage
MME IP address
HSS
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TAU Procedure
S-GW2
S-GW1
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Inter TAU without SGW change
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Inter TAU without SGW change
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Inter TAU with SGW change
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Inter TAU with SGW change
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Detach Procedure
The detach procedure is used in the following scenarios:
A UE is detached from the EPS service.
Implicit detach
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UE Initiated Detach Procedure
1. Detach request
2. Delete bearer request
3. Delete bearer request
4. Delete bearer response
5. Delete bearer response
6. Detach accept
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Security Function
2G 3G EPC
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Authentication Vector
EPS authentication quaternary
RAND: Random Challenge
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Authentication Procedure
MME HSS
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EPS Security Architecture
UE MME
NAS Ciphering/integrity
NAS NAS
eNodeB
RRC Ciphering/integrity
RRC RRC
UP Ciphering
PDCP
PDCP
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NAS/AS Security Mode Procedure
eNodeB MME
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Contents
2. EPC Network Working Principle
2.1 General Service Process
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Multiple-PDN connectivity
S-GW ICP/ISP
PDN connection 2: APN2 internet
P-GW
PDN connection 3: APN3
Server
Intranet
S-GW P-GW
Wap server
PDN connection 4: APN4 Wap network
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EPS Bearer
One PDN connection include one default EPS bearer, and
zero or several dedicated EPS bearer.
PDN connection 1
Default EPS bearer
Dedicated EPS bearer 1
Dedicated EPS bearer 2
S-GW P-GW
EPS bearer
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Session Management Procedure
EPS bearer management procedure
Bearer activation procedure
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P-GW Initiated Dedicated Bearer
Activation
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P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification
With QoS Update
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PDN GW Initiated Bearer
Deactivation
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UE Requested Bearer Resource
Modification
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UE Requested PDN Connectivity
Procedure
eNodeB MME S-GW P-GW
1. PDN connectivity request
2. Create default bearer request
3. Create default bearer request
4. Create default bearer response
5. Create default bearer response
6. PDN connectivity accept
7. Creation of bearer of E-UTRAN
8. PDN connectivity complete
9. Update bearer request
10. Update bearer response
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UE Requested PDN Connectivity
Procedure
eNodeB MME S-GW P-GW
1. PDN connectivity request
2. Create default bearer request
3. Create default bearer request
4. Create default bearer response
5. Create default bearer response
6. PDN connectivity accept
7. Creation of bearer of E-UTRAN
8. PDN connectivity complete
9. Update bearer request
10. Update bearer response
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UE Requested PDN Disconnection
Procedure
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Summary
The EPC network is composed of:
MME, S-GW, P-GW
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Thank you
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