lfr::T' -

StuructLma_{_ oJlt?lzart
ryleWtr
*fauase,g
:l
ti) :I nna.tgxr* ef, -i.-tu,nr.es , defrecrrbzrx irr :t*tuyye,s,
,.:
J
,1
'I
jn aed-urrdoaf frq88e8 . f
frxce L D's Jax
,l
Ii - Fi:ter -rr-r l;1uxx
*:\-'-- nernbe;x' I
T
J
l

ryqffittx*e-se-
f,crncenf- I B

BssurnpHonr ,I_1E_!ryU aia o$- *qr-x*e4 E-

(r) Tt is o*<urried *hof a.j-t. fhe_ -frffids axe ap@ect ,*"tr
i
at the Soiata ( othroixe + +rE loadr Grre appA'eL ;

at i.rr+rrrr,ecil0_{e docafto^n* o& +he rnern6sx . -therr

:

th.H uri-u bencl rrnd fhe. ztlr. co?-) 'nat be caIJeL'

U
.

q4 a t:t L+s.s, I st ia c.Orscl a. +Jqrne-)

: t3

l-,lember*B
C:' bendaf
T
.c-
!d
,ta

(rAuse_) N6b cr *nr.B.B

::;
tu-
[*rorne]
Ii,:
\5

<i
\21 Au #le tne.rnl3g.1g *o h. Xt:ra_r6drt arcl
a.*SU:rned.
e'
W sn -qrnoslh pira { oiheru:ire, 4 *-,"
cormect=d_ : ,:
3
Ynernberx axe culr,ed , -tlen B
\5 devetoped- Jn 1,,?.

thoae ynerrrbelr,s + J.he affix*we

ron .nat be
r$

Cn-Lted- aa J;;tu*s)
tir.
/6i-
rs-
F
u
,t'

Page 1 of 174
 :-

( mernUer BB- Bend. dLu *o inl*at_ R<rdiqa s& cilryqlur,

G: B FI du-q- tu u:j +
se_t$ ^meynbeu ir neg_Lecied_

toncepJ-2
rn a tysrg, tcrh0- 'no. o$
,ob
me rnbe;rx Lrn) 4 fhe ftrtcr-f mo
Jo?n^rl-x 1
g1 clne ge-flafocl br
0
rn = F:j- 3
t ,+ 'fhia t.,wl\ fz sotr.sfied,
ll'r8il LU. i:r=-l- xtob-te.
r-l-* -1;ungrrdaled- -*ruaxJ
Ex.
',' fax 1st 3 3orn*t
-+ 3 ^rnernbenX
hlr eqch cddr+ftzoo-l 5oTlt -_) Z 6smbe1t

So, rn - 2J-3

E B ($ s$ m z.il,
- -_--- furject , ,,stobte **x.s
Yn < L2J-3J -J u.il.si-ohle 6r-1 cieficien t tnu,s
I:

rn > Lzi-3) Redqnde,rrt bHJ o\,y sugia.

-> J:rnr,sa. t.

txLxs s*ot'.n jr., ,4fl*e

t-
8ue's:gg Fax Jhe )i

B.tvl e*kts in *he

rnernbot _ f;>
t4
E!
E'

Iql. nB Lb) H c. tcj A B I trc

.
bofh No. rrnrn Lerx
l'/
*

,!P ,:-

Page 2 of 174
 @

I8 t The a*surnyhozx in
ooe ,rolgaa of bru.saqp are
ip
ensurrte thof rhe rlernbur,a'
' T::
e-tfhl *erxion oy ornplnxxiorr o-n{_g +l,g
aubje4u- ip
. B.I4 ,i
urhore jrr :the Jxuss =** , yen6
_

Qull,(p] rnc txua5, shou:-n' jn ,qS iE -

(AJ turfct
tB) Deficient
,.-9J Redundo-nt
lri = eJ--3
G) None
Tn= 6
J =4
6 > [ax+ -3) .5o. fuiunclomt.

lctn "!t 1
T--+ (o: Methoct o[.Jointx + rt is o

L-)(bJ I*lethcd c,.p seclroTrx

(

tql I4ethod gL&bts B-

ii) E+ur"-fbrdtrrn *F a ;'o?rrf ' fx co'nsidetect *[n rne[-]]od
of 3ointa
r ii.l
&l"cedurrg "- St"p_!. Firrd the suppo:rl .}lecJr crr:a, corur'derin6
eryufJ-iuxiurrr *i- *he er,firt - truXx '

Page 3 of 174
 Step-2 ortrojnt- I't=o
.2il-- o
-a

Cdnsider e?u-lr%:t-r"ui^n + o3oint u-herte oritly p

:rnernber fo-xces aje ovo-r"Johjr 4 Ltde 0, Urknocon
t{.=o , Ey=o do
ta J-he
#,T*:Jff;-TJJ "#Y :rointg {qi.e
crr:l-trd *u:o LrnRllordTld
OIe or,U-r*AObIe
Hc ule *nve orAfi P egqoflorra sb
?', LUArdurn di c:nLd pirrtx
).,
e /ro'
FnB fno
Et"l = o beco.meX uxe-treax
FRc
e7uofi'cm "

Itfurtt ""

t$ rt .tltltolLr rnAlk lB o Lr*)O*IJ

'\

d: lro-6r, -Lhe Jo,flt-8, it TneqnS

th0t Fb>rc e -ih Fhe rnernbe,*l iz *erxr"te
,
') )
lctp:Ft-ied
[oo'l
_ P p (appLed -[c,ocl_1
J

.-.. Pl )
:
ps-o*+[*-:->fo-o->r
f.g.n F'B'D oh-Wi?-*s '
ob mernk
t4l -9+ axzor,: rna:rh is
-torro,cts the. .n:infr , il yy*,,,ng JhaT
):

JoIce i^n llre -rrernbel ix compsre,yEive.

Page 4 of 174
 !i
i

L.j
.: 'i

t3J ai c:. f,oru-rr 1 Jhrree -rye-ff)buE axe

\*l
:I
Tnee+iTB , X:u:a
-{ne-rnrfJna oae
,l
it) -Li'ne w;+h er,c$ ol-|r:r U)':ni,,t ) . fhen
'.j Jnrce j-n
\-, i
,l
.fhe thi:rd Trernbe, ia alulog* ?ro. 1sf *urr
Vrl
,l
;b .no ftternal lood at +haf :oimtJ
3
'-l :1

'l1

l
LF}
L,iri
1 fftq Fa.'
Lt a

I
*.1
r1
rJ
{
--v \
I
EY'--o =+ trgc- sino: o l
-l: [camea;r]
sino c
=ts

'I
t*; fEc:ol
*i I

i
(+J s&s rnernber.
,
\l
'l
( Tlon- cr-l-mm-rr
-rf"ri; 6yq - ^png ehnq of a 3miart 4
-**,
i *he>re f,s ?)o
v{
tl,1
er*erma{ -bad ai *hJ ;roint,
v1I fovres irr b"th
it 'd frErnbexx Loill be ?e"ro
E
w -n x,
I A
I
t3
I w-t
:

,i
ti
" I s Ex =o, =3 ppg=o :

EU =o
+ fnc'sin o =o
I
AL
I
EY=o.+ FRc=o
i
9 Fq.
=o
&. EX -..o
qf -r tl-AB = o
e
&tea :14 f"fi a truxz slnu:rn *i?*.
BD hxce j-n if-re_ yyrmb-
G' iS
f-
Eil

*r
i.

Page 5 of 174
a:
I .i ...:jrr=-'-
i!'1
'rl
il Y-',- " -
i:1
{
.J

I
=i
\-
il
.::
F B.D ah :birrt o
:t-

.'l \::
:l ,

J AFsp
il
* F.oR D troc

re
(2J Find Fss : ?

@
IOFN
F-B.o o-! s;nt g

F-B.D d rnembtz BD

F B.D oL rornt o

IOLN

t3J Fec - ?

F-8-D uh Soint c .FBl=lol.x

_T
"?rn

c
.J
ks F---{yh --4
Er(=.o =+ + FgC -$ Fgc =o
EY=o:) Fga = tbrr.r (wry)
Frn =D f?d -o
FRB=o

Page 6 of 174
 D

(+l -The suppo:tt rieotfia{w arle

45"
EX
-O
t--+ <.- I
. l+ve_vel J
T
Qrn

=+ - HR + to(o,84so - o
I

J
--o -
HB
!-o-
l_q.
'i-z
VS=ot.x
"-L
.12

EMD *o [<--a* -=--Jvo= S rx

[c r
L +ve _ve II
+ +vnxz+toxo -O
VR=okN

E!; o

[ 1. -+r"l
+ :
+Vn tVo tr - lo sin+f
-_ o
vD=0"

horn F'B Dcr.t H

tD Fo)1 : the *xu.sx shou.:Yr im fi6ure , fhe .meTnber4 *ovin6

L,J
Tero force alm- BC C
t_

Page 7 of 174
,-ii
::i
._:1

.:l
,:a
:li
+
ri
ril .
FnT, F. j , FDr ,. FEH .t FcH ---o
-.1
l'r
',tl 1

::l

(61 Firrd A c
i
= &l"lartlc* .
:.:

,5
-'l
:l
:l
o
-tj
il 60 3oo
I

J
'I.t
f1

s3-
tJ) Sitce *he -tengthx *f fhe rne.rnbellx a1e Tnj kziooyr ,
LDE ffi)
ztof f ,d suppaxf fieoctrofl dirmft4 . so. ,

0.
rst CcrXider F. 8-D ot. Sroint 6 4- Find lr':e foxce trne.
' lhen: Corur. idey g .o
F. + :lbi.rrf A Jo *tncL FAc .

Fgoobsints
u8e $ine Rule -
trng rec "?o
Sin Ro' 5rr r5o" Srgn"

----\
FAB r- eo.sinlxo'
AB -- ll.Jz rN (ccrrnp
)
rr'31
F'n.o d lZint A

EX =o -='
-\ - tr'3e co.seo\PRc - o FRc

R-l -) FAr:B-eer-p16r; vA

Page 8 of 174
 rry

No*e 3
g+ onrr,1 3-fo:tce4 are. Tneehng af o goirrt Uge sire Ru.l.e
'i *o -lnnd- fhe u:rl hmoL-)'rL6 qln.ku Irr lhe aboVe ce4'e_
*i I

at 'B' ,
+ Llle u6e Ex-o + EY-o , rlr- *ove t"
I
I
.1o?nt
-l
e airnu-t-ta-rrouX eguotr'o'n -to -J-rrrd the Fna '*9t
I

vi.{
I
Solve
I

,t
--t
l
i
rra"lj. Lrc^te ou-rr 4ime .
I
I

EX-o +
I

I
+FnB-Coaeo -FBc'Cog-$" -o
..,
I
I
J
-0
+ F'ar sim$o - to - o -@
I

I
I EY =o * + fng' sirl 6o
t
l
\r. .l

tbJ f'4sl-hod +h Sect-io-tl,s { -

t'r)_ E?,r-iL'hxiurvr o{. a a**tin * a tXu.sz tE corttidened"

i^tt 'rne{lrod cl seircr^a.
i t!:
The od-r,'ontose + l"lethod oL SecHo'nt -ir, 11rot {o:rce
irt o-U -r:ntrlrredr'clis .rnernbpst caln be |ctunc- d-e"'nccf{
u:ifhot=tl 1-r".na;ng pxcrf jrr ooff ofhex rnernbot*
i
{-iii.1 brocecl.rne s -
I
!
I SleP-:
flie sugpo:rf slecchcrrx cat>Side*r6 egurU h:du rrr
Fr"'nd
cb Ihe emt'ste t;vuga- .

sJePt2
(u-t fhe rrnrnbex under Congidero*ion bE o secho'rr
1g-O
ond ccrrraider eryufuihrtiurn + either t.H.s + o-o o:t
R'H's O D crrd LBe EA =-o, EY-O , EH- O , to fi"nd tfr.
"&
tJrr,Crolon
Jayrex

t.
I
t
I
I

Page 9 of 174
 E
(ll Cqr the rnemfjl,
.ducA a+1aj. r;r.rh"ile ttuxa iz dt q ded. tnto
& xeplate FnA
Lq Preierablg , don't ccd rroJe thon 3 rnernber.x ( bic , irr
rneJ'hod *b smhorN cde *av* crn{ s e.*s *i- gru-{-r'bt-iuc
L3J Cut the rnernbs4 surh
_that .,iL *I^e clrj rrernbela
:roJ rrret oj- sne do
Jo?nt , (-9t tfcy rnre-t o-t 5rnq
Em ._ o bercrrnex rxejes: e{ 4 jt Jornt ,+!r. r1
f,oirnts p.xohtrernJ
becornea a rnetttad- o*

fiqrce in +f* rnembel

Bc ia .

i
I

I
Vg= 5 hN

Cuf Bc by1 O _ C)
U

xider e?.d;.lr"iurn +$ R.F,s+ O.O

' 'E:-Ro
EM :J - Rgx3- 5x3 :o D

[f.?f + EB=TEI
fts =- i-rr-+
*--r*
f -ru slsn iurplia fhoJ- ou_n q1
ro.rrorp . so, ,)rr*,e rnu:r ::TL:;il *' 't6

' S.o F.B = s FN (conVn"S

Page 10 of 174
I
\-
:
!.;j
r-j
\-i q&, s e) Find FcE .
I Fu.
*J
'-.1
,l
rufcE bq
U.
CI -O
l

*1 eguilT R'H's. o+ 0'0

"h E

-l t -fO*, . heep G-)ulorD rnorF*

VF
!
=5|.N
lokN
6-
lVo
= Skrt
*'l ori R'H'S *h 0 -O ."Ifl J 'L<----'-_-j.< _-- --i_
:1
3rn 3rrl
.i*[

.J - *:
EY
'-o \
=) +5 - FcEsinas"-- 0 { z'v = o i.s u,sd }f c Fc6,
*l It t1 9 FcE =
L
Fe p oxe e-l-ir-niznjed- lrr
r-{
I
i:
tr" *ne e1fu,r+*s;o*j
' .r.J
il = 5'lE FH {.Ertstoy})

.-J
!'l Su.lu:p_1
j 1 Firrd
r*l
' i'

r-[
1

*l i' !
LI
I
,{
\-l
I
'f:
1
.) '
i"- { .:,
1
I t
..

'"1
0-0 ts" a:Uor,-:'Axe Fept aI- L'H-S
::

r-i
I
i eryrl;P
"b L-H.s'+ _o3
:l r-l\-l
r (
i- E|'lp = ()
"&0

' I t =+. * FnB * {ox3 : o

x3
r-l
l
i
rG
IJ
L +VE
at :VC F'RB : &o F-r-t LTrnaiol)

:i j

t.
!l

Page 11 of 174
V
 qu94i 4 FiTct Fna

;F
I

4vn

E
I
D
e+L
VE=l o lolaN
Yp. lok-r*t
Qrn 4rn a'rn
AliooT,: uxe nrethocl *6- SecHorra to J-rrrcf fuXce lrt
inierrned,i,srle
nrernbet

cr-rt n B bg
L.H S "t
Ey :o
:
[i.E]

Qeuss
-- F'ind FnB .Fr
----E
"?oFN
(utHB aJBAA- A
U

s1,rrlin + upper $ice 4 O-o

R
Lsg, GrffiouJB aje hepthpps"r FB6: D
Foe
siae o# o-D) -0 Qrn
fr E -
E I*lo *o -2rn
B
ts.9l =i t&oxU * FRgx r-1:o
k=_ +rn
FF& = ao k,'(rJ F g., Fto , FoE p;ro,Juce
jhrnerr t: a6*L 0

Page 12 of 174
n.

etr
(1) FcH = FHr
(e) Fp6=o, FrG = &otrtr tor.rp)
(3J Fer * P -' Fc,t : ?
E-B.D o! J-oint'G.

_ frr =e,
SnttSo Sirrq6"
(nqrn:< glBsrc:rrl

Fcr =*.6;H:":ffiff3 {rewion) _

* -+>
Fgr : eo Sinu5o -- trr.ruEt-t
(ror"P").

0uer,(eJ Frncl ng

Notg'.
(! since a-{-t :ttre yoint *,ove
o rnr"n" otr *h:ree rnembe,,t6,
_ -rnefhod-
"b Jryln+,j con Tqt be- *sed dr.*.+fU !

ts) r'4elho.[ "b 'k#orra ' o,xo crn -rn] be

u{ed dfrcrtrS bfc
' q J*re ^rnirr*'r *& * rncrn fun
gu. axe .qelhnq cut 4-
u'nutofltf d rnerolerx Grc .r.ut rftr v u
rfir6 of ore 3oiffi .
t
E
.x

Page 13 of 174
(3) Siri ce fhe Xt31uc*1prr4. + IoocUrrg a'lie. ,l5Tnrnf>rical \
.{orres
jrt llre rnernbeza rR & cE ynuxt be- e?mI. U
i

s'o.t-uiicrn:
F.8.D o$ Joint c ; -. v

EY*o
[S. Yr"]
- Fcn lutc-bs'1mrreh3)
=+ -Bo *rFce S*30" + FcR Siyl3o" o
=
PFcn 'Si"n36'': "?0

@-
L.-.- -" -

Toint ff

Ex=.o
'' [---+ <*-1
f
+ve -ve_1 fnr Fnc p.y,.g
=.q6
=3 - Fna'oE3o" +"QO (o,5joo= o

FRB = gotcN tcovnpns

14-Mtrrtcs
ouqS:(TJ Fmd fuxce8 fte.:rnernkr.x fuu&3 sl-o,r:rr i, *tg
"&
srH Vc

H H-;. .5lclr\i i s-rs -0

j q,I Vc.- I lcu
f

&.qTn

3-6rn
LvE = l,F+t)

Page 14 of 174
 \(r

\!l
.i!
f'or'-'a
T

Y I. I
.-_

I rstsrcp 3- Find .sr.rppoxt Rrocfi'oyx s-

\ l

Y EX :O.
l-I l-i e- |
l
ILJrv.e -w' I =+ -l-ls =O
H
'i -
iHc-= ql
\" -CI
{
\
EMc:o
\ :: l&+ve
g^tr.
*yu_1 =+ *2XJ:I
'l
.;
i - ix3.e 4Vgxtr,B
\;
x
ve=11 =roEH
,.9
i :
L(t
'1
t lvE=lorui O
*1 i.
EFy:o
\-j

\-;I
:J

I
rf $I
L+ve -vej
++Vg tVq -J-t =o
-l
a; E=a1111l trtmeovra Vc ecrx cbr*ryt,lord;)
I
*i ..'n-!
1 - SiEl) o.
: fuxcea JT) Jtre. .yrrm&na, efi Jrxt,sa
s I

----:'-.-'--.---

.,*i
I
t
..:
yqtrt
:A
tr
I

\.'l
!
t
6:_' ffits =&'q
r,8
-3 = 5}13,,
\i,1 (f:'=

Ei, '"".' Ey = o
E-\
qr" T+ $1 .+ -t" fi+n .s l'n 53.13b* _
.? o
L-
L+\ *ye J
i-
\.-
e;.
\, s Ex
F_i
-o =5 - Fnn Coas3",3? + Fag _g
lL.

y
& Fna = l'EtsN (reruirr-,j
ffi
Hi I.Tt*i.re1ruq ""-
G cuJ DB uy O_CI
* E L'H's S -0
\ B "*
&
\,r'

Page 15 of 174
,j1

...:
:J.
,.i
.il
'1

'.:;
;l
::l E!: o
:!
:-.
+ =P+ Fgp Sirns3.t3'
- o
t1r
it
::l
[+Y*] fnB =
-t
..1
Sin sg't:o
--l
:l-t
a
J
4 *-
"?'5 rN fr)
a
5
5
1
:]
EMg- o
+
tT*l - &x3"6 + FDE
Fo E -
'l'9
-?.L{
xi'u=b

- Blcr'l(CornPJ
Toin{ c

EV-.n
-r FceSin-53'li -'J.- c
:) FrE - --f
. sin5l go

g'15 Er.t 16o-tn,

tx =o
+ + ts']5 Co,S53 lf- Fcg =6
Rg = s.Ps tsN ITJ
-To
Find Fas
cuf BE- bg @-0
R.H.s + 6-S
Ey=o
tl jl - RE SinSl.l3o + ro- J*o
=+

Fae = 3 =+ FsE = 3-15 kx rmp)

Sin53'l3o

- Page 16 of 174
 @
'+{

,r
;1

il eg4 ifl Fl s?Lraxe ixtwa Fl Bc p capt ie,s o-

'sr91!l -0md + lo EH rtttached- -to a spxrng GF rc-s,sinq.
I

over a ,1:rictronteax p"ji.U of A GF4 frB oxe poxo-0;el -

JF-e *xuas ix supporrd Gn vo-0lexa 4t c4 D + bU

o. -!rn E BE rrt B FinrL -fCIxc% im the rnrynbqu oi
-fiuas .
-t I

l
\l
:l

?
.{

Iots t
(lJ
P
Lr-
i,L-

...

$# arrY rrr-rnbel ts ccrrrnected uy srrrooth pirx ^t *hc

erdJ 4 'v-ro} -{,oadeC o-f j-ntevrnectiale- loca}:c,-n , *hr.:.r

rn the obare cade ;T;3 #:,f m:;"

at i:ribrrndink .0ocafi
e.a + ccrfiecH- bU pi,rr,g ot
il?E enj-! so -,,t J4 oy.\ axra ocoded
,,,,t-,t wso, ol--o.
't 8E 'V
=: fhere ia o sleqcficrn B L a)*o,
=o ( i&
i)

{}
thevr lhe arrtic{oclc rr>ise a5uple. ={eve-toped lg VE d
84 E crn ,-nf bz bc-lo.nced . Then the. mem]er roi-0t
vio-t k- lTr g,*f\ It rneqnE tfiof Ve rnuxt h
J
"er,
i:

Page 17 of 174
i:i
:.:!
::1
r ii '
.'1
:l
::i
:^)
:'.1
5- {okN
.:
=t
Lsl
-il
'Nef G;'o'*
j-,
:.:'l
Ver+r"ra-t_ f"yrce d
:oirrl n \oxJt
.1
'.1

= l0- tosim a!
1l
o
-il
:t loxH
:lal
+) - S:-g.J- lcrq (.U ) IOKN
11,

I
i Nel Hayi.arr+ql frxre et R
l0Eu
i
:l:1 : lo Cox*S'
:r
:l
= T-oT EN (__+) :

,, \,/
F B.n o6 Ttu.r s _

P-%$t. .S l.o1'
-c
#^4E
-7-O7FN
c Hc
,l (= lol(Hj
4vn

I
D +ilI'm
vo =
l_r.gakN)
c^[11
a..t-lt-
,
i -

+eP(r] sqpro+t Reacfrbrrx

' EJ=O =+ -A-S3 +vD =o + VD _o
= {.93 FN
LL $"]
EFlc:o +
=6

t*t rJ

Page 18 of 174
 o'
\-J
:i-
lf
Y. f:-'
(.
\,j
it
l

1:f
I
.1
vi
t.

\;
'1
siePz ' Trlembsr g
\"d
q
4encg!
.t

r-l'I
,.ll
f'o?nl g e

'.*l aJs0
*
I

.-i I
usirg Solr-l Ruir 15"
:l {0"
F*
-J

l,{
t,l Fna
= -FBs- i.g3
l.i
I
$inU5o $iiBx5o - Sirgo"
*",]
1

*{ I FsB - e"g3xsixuso * -?.o"1 trt',t Llenxion )

ti! t+siryn ( siga abreac{6 rcrruidexd.,}
trsc = .elsa.n pd*F*ac'
'j
I : Q.o-r hr.r [fc_,"npaJ
1
I

*'l F'B.D+S Toirrt D B-

(
1

i'
vj I Ex =6
i rtrD
\-J
{
f-:
L1 <-l
-J
\a-'
{

-J
';l i -+ + lB! (]E q5D * pco Co4q 5 " :6
I
I
{i
\.1
r wi- -) If* = ftrl
,- .:
I
t G
I G E) =o ,

I
r-j w
I
E ry$l + - fsosin r-s6 */o.sinus'
^(fno)
* i,!3 = o
&
i o gin u5o _
1

:af
I
Fn q.g3 hH
'6&
i

6 --) f Fen = Fco = fl'o'i hFI (Ccrrnpl .E]

I
vi I
F G
I
(En
\ai l-

:l
I
I &

Page 19 of 174
)l
 P:BD o$ Joirt'c' g-

EX=0
I--a *^ 1
FnC q5"_
[+ve -veJ
+ +Fnc - lo +i'o-iCo.6U5" +3.01 CrXqSo
_* o
Fnc = -l"o -l
kt t

l5 HG.xlc,5.
Aues:L9J
-tn fhe rnembspg + fruaa
tzEH r O .@ frtsN
T tllr*.[
4- N.
I
.lm i

t
u-
,i.

.-i D
3rn I
t
'p oO
+HnQlerNl
"' Qet._x =) nr<1
-t
e pane-0a @4m:iqrn
(Ve=tArN;
(vg= I2FHJ
1*+ S*._L t- Suppvt Reacdqru e- -Jons=f+ls--rc77l
Nole e-
tU sirrce the ,Stru61.rrr" + lagd;n3 anre ,6[Tnme fn'caJ- ,
*he GpF-lr'ed -load Js I

s*,axed b6 be a -fr,ada supporrla

eguo$
[,e VA: VB = f+ hH

L9 tur the ,6irucfu:-le l0 be b-te

sto )1.1 = . Jl - 3 But
-fhe
-Locl. eh me .

Page 20 of 174
 In addihona-l- hoxi;r.rttal .xeoc*:iorr so A+tuctLDle is x"t_a}-[e
,

& de+crrnmate '

--r_ I q
.l- t-
y6=&6
ry1 = QJ 3
= Qxls-J
=&?
trg
L
cc'',,Pensoted- bg Hor-i:onle0 Reorhozr.

t3) -rb Finct

Hs
-
'Cil-t the rnerr-lber mN lui oo
qPit'h oh R.Hs
"B
O0
Eh4;= o
* +rQx U +Her6_. frn*12 = o
ffr u-:t
L+ve -ve-l o{-N

,I
I
I '.:-
F'rom e?Lrl- o$ enh've j.rr* ,
-i I
EX-o =+ +:HA_Hg-6
-lI i!.
\;
=, HA= [6trH
vlI HR =Hg=l6 t N
S:'
Ij
q;
'
:
Atfle-
c!: F:r = ftc -* o i st fl -urun
co-irnq7 rnernbe:x e.re
L
ffi
G'
t6
rree*infr oJ a Jaint amd mo ertrrnal ._
g Ooqd- , {rrxceS jn bo*h ynembex,S are o$
& A1 L 3-
.<a
'&'
Fr-g = la EN lrr",P")
FRc Fsp
a, r-B.l) o$ Jonnt A' B-
g. A !6 l{N
*-
B 3(.81o
te. l&kJ-{

Page 21 of 174
 EX =O
=i * FnO Coa Ar.gf + 16 = 6
FAp : gorN- (co;F)

EY'- o '
-_-+
) a"t'"t-
F, Srt3e.gl"_ Fn C * tg
=o
lln=;l
I

F B.o 9| Toint c
-_---,--
Sirce & 'nor: colt_ivreav rnernbera c
ore rneelirrq of 'c' both-
U
-foxcea'- Fcc o^nd Fco oxe-teYo '
.:
ro Frnd Fpn 4 Fpp '"-
(ut kob660 j
Eg.rj-t'+LHs of O-S
uY-o + +te-Fro=o
fin= tatcN (crnpS
{ ru"p CI}r}lorD crn L;Hs
et 6-0 4-.''xtJ
EX:O
-+ +tG - Fp6 -_ o
a:

r:i
q
i:.
:a= v
::

:1
{, -

Frnd Fxl 4 Frs B- r-.

tr,
\-

,:.'v
Cut kt- uy o-@ aa
t-"
,s
6a

egui[-,
"$.
L'f'{'S 4 60 '
!o:
t:
::-
i-:v
-

.
'' .::
r:,

Page 22 of 174
 EMe -.o +l&xB -i6X3*Fr"r-x3 =O
f ,,f, ,fl I
I*-JrVe --rre I
Er_*'* t."-r,
/ F-:1orn lirirlt rt
L-)
-\ Fr-m - t6KN [rompJ
{-
I
\ EV= O *j\
-2 +11 -Frr'Sin3elB-?-_-o

lFre
l_ =e@
E trlFeff s

(uI E F,l bU o-@

i/
e?uir"i o.r R-H's + 0-o
' EY:C:=) -ti *
+ rL * Fenr SinO o
l-t J I
I -t vc -.ve _1
atu cr-tB
Srrro *6

, firvce8 aIe, eguol- GameJ or1 R.H.SGX

Li
,

l *tu fxce,s Ill Jhe nre mber*- Tnaxkecl- r , 2, 3.q

cak-
l

&7
l
.1
I
I t+o:
-l
I
I
.-J

l.
l
i

-l I

I
I
*t I IO
o
I
:

I vA =3')-5lcH 3ol.N lsi<N

(
I

r'B
?qneJ-a =3t.EpN
I

Page 23 of 174
-!-''-'
. _Note_g'
Lll Sirrce Bycex jm lnlfl),Tnecuqle membelx o,He 08 ked,
u6e

6ui rnernbel A -@-@ ag c se.1'0D

lo l-lnd- FOe
egui-t- o$ t-H-so$.O0

Ellj =o
FoExU=o o}r}ror^:
ff+ '/-) I {r*"p on L,H.s
L +ue -'r" J [=cg = _ o$ 0:O'-=t j

trl'"afu ..:,
F,qn g = -!-
_.\
-J I =ltf '-OJo
Lt

EX=O =-) - t-,-U - fof trl. oj" J-

-15 : c.

1- --> <- 1 rlr.i n {

11.-vel
L
I Ha

Co5lil'83

ltHj ='J-t:3lcN lCornp

E Fi^rrrrl Fn3 e

zY -o .ll'5 *a1')
+ +/A-BD - siyrru.o3'+-F;rj
rsj-*l /" -b
9
Frorn
ft! "b fom?
D 8-
EY-o
t lJ ] :) + Frr o sin&.87o+ rI s+
= 3o t7-',

3o l.:

h:.
lsa

Page 24 of 174
 L
\.j
l
\"1 _.
^+ -_ 1 _
I
.* i
I
fld Topic : bejJe c*tcrn fn
o
tsuaaea ; :>trqir-t entrq4
1

I
_vu_
Nef]rud
ur,* -f"o* irt fHra
\"i
Conceo# I r
)

*J
I Sl-rcr-[.n Ergro u e
\^{
I

------{ d "
,
Ene stexed duq tu ,+trairnirr6 oh *h* bodt
l
l
Yfi
\-J
..-..-
G) Srai$ *"*yH s.folpd dur to grnduofft o-pl-Ied ox-icr,L
\j
r-i
t
j hd1 rs nlven h6 -
J
i
.*iIl c:'
1
i
t
LJ
I
1
(

:l .:
\-,

vl I
a-
g - Axea d load vls deljech o rr CLI.TVE
II
\1

= +x6t x l^f
- ,a-
I
-E.
..j ',
I _ J_y trlt
*i . 6. ^a._-Y6l
AE
.i @

.i\J
l
1 #li. --lD20,l*+
rJ= flBE I
..r.i
i
6
AE,S
I 6=:
5-ut- + hl=
-j I trE
.t
*1 @

\.1
& u -- *^6xN = $sx
6[
!I!
@
= AESZI*"
I

IU
*l I
I
I @
1ei'

&
I rt-- f

vj II E
Y.l I
' s
j
\ri J
a

Page 25 of 174
v
I?

(3) Stro-in ener67 cttu_ to sudde'n 'a"pgl-red .lp5ilng, ls

U 6iven
bH* v

u - Pfiea cl 1o0d vlscJ+lclrcrn N \

CtrIVE

g=$CIJ _g
- LUXE
=-
(rr x[ 2ru1 i -i
t frE/
,'-
. + +im3 maxe *horr g:-Hadrrolt app!-red
I

I, .l\
:

tmd :

J I

L+l s+r846 a e-Lrn6ntion dua- io suddenird applred. 0pod

'V'

o_xe --
& irrice tr"'ot o& g:rodrui{ opp4ea 1oqd . (r e ; .
:-
J-{UJ
,A l_-_--
' 6l-Qurrl AEJ
. :

Ls) Irnpoct s- :
:

-Tre
agnomrq ocl-io-rr o$ A ,r:r*nfl -Qoad.
:v-

ii
l:
U .r'a fajtccl impcct- E

''
o :: -\
r, il ,cr,egH lp ,flrnpoct _toocfun6 j^
rL-nr01n
*5ffCI tc.t\^*

hJ-
Sto)fd duu
&*' :-

U = LDXt{r+SI)
simpbt'linff ,u* l3-.x Vqtrr$nr
{ +=#[ .F**]]
'--"u
-+&.*=o , 4=H t r+llr]

' so , r| *-r:o sudden [oacl .

Page 26 of 174
 n!%8A

LD strrqrr) eneIBH s+qxed izr q Lrtn* dLrq to appfuecl

-toqilino U
iz
given bU
-
:l
1
I

U= U P'I
j
.l
I

J
.? AE
.l

oheye ,
(_. : P *- qxio-!. fixce,s i-rr
i-
aU vnernberx du-o Jo apptrieC
(
tcadA .
\
! = {ensth o} eoch rntrnbe}Ls '

\.
RE- = tucicl rt!?drt. o& eo.h rnernber,

ts)to6+i$@s-
[L' +iyxt payttia!-
I dedyc*ive
--- q# r-Jal
-:
S*rcr.irr enelff$ Lu )1-t, cLef{ecfrovr
"
ol or1 pdrt ttu* -i.oad- o.t
tr.' tfiot Joi, t J
E
t-''
(? Ls) *flAil**4 fl-eolern -lI s.
h:

c,
: 6
f=
Ei. i"(+nat dftivqtive + lotol ensr3t rr,')r't' or5 load* glfrret
((r'
E
defteclio^n df +ha-f 3oint.)
ffi (-
o=
DU * -?- I-s ts-l I : x lPs r
's
EN -aH L- xFE j
-1nE
s "**
S': E P-l('[
* gE
,ft
iik|

EL
U

Page 27 of 174
r'r

Nhele
p-
I- fuxces jn o tl rnembelg dua- no oppbeC .tr-ooda.
,eP
ad
: K: irr a-tt rrernbe:a duq to
f,rxce,e Lrni[. -tood
oppled rrI *he Joirrt u:hete t^>-( find
-qrorrt to
d etlecHorr .
.

J
Ex{*p)e..*
LD-
FxFkrnatiqr
"l

,klJ (duq fu unit [o"d)

UOJ lo Ftrtd Re1atire.Joi"rrt d isptrooernerT t l= m.r,r*J

-:

+ Lrre' Lrrcyrt to ioil Helotr"r,e dBpjqcr-nerrf o[

& 3o?nL Li-e t
fnih Jmd,r qxe oppfu'"rt 4i- 84 E
84 E)
in J}le divl 4 'BE' q8 s*ut-orl in i-tB q,nd Jrme,t r

ilt el-t rnemh:* axeJound - lheyr , fhe xe-0ntlve

d x pnrcenr errt
4 p Jl?nt8 B 4- E u-: "r-01 3e
Sse - E Pk'-[ +x
<:-
-

r
PE
Nhexe ' l< * Jole-.-r'l oiq rrembrra d*r-Jo t-rnif i-ood o-t
Retr. :-_:
-

Page 28 of 174
 ) (tl) -10 Fina >tofutisn o&- o mernbel '{ z mo-rr t..r
J

c-

's& 'ue- u.rofl-t tofPy)[ the sroJo-l-io,] e& rrrernbe;r ,GF, ,

CIPPtied rnit rnornsnl JTr the
fux- *h a aoufJe a-t
q 4 F ax .qhouirr jn
t'tgule . L lheae e{ffices p4o{uce trrrih
a.
m*gnf j. e *"o *' I eN rn)
Nhsre, o :- Dist-erre Hu] sfoirnta G&F.
fird Joxcez jn d-Q. 1fle 'rremLor.a di.u :*o ff^rese {-{orcea
( r< vo-tu-,r ) , $-ren jhe xo-tohb-n
+ JJ-"- w-rernbex 'Gr, u:i]-l
bre
I
t.
tt..
,. Bcp = EF
I'lL- d'
tnlhexe p - tolcer in .-g[. rnembe1s dr-ro t" oFPL,d -loods '
re, f- * Brrce* rn qq rnernbsn du-q- *o unit couple -

(
E
lt
$
0ue,a : C1-) fiuea sholirn rtn {'6ule ' Firrd the vertr"rol
fur *he-
F totrI.l
deflecl-io'n ,)F Joirrt'B' x A ITN
Ii

l-s nl i8 on:-tor,t fiv a.l-t- rnernbeY: . l' B

B.
lrn
g soj-rq f P.r,r
&-
\s RE
.b.
U r-r-*erre . =
Ji

? toxces tn al}- -"-b.o

e dun- tB op$r'ed -{oodg,
ti9

e h -- toYes im ctQ,t membux ctr-la- tc uftiL

.
vry*r'cal -0od
e g.t 'B'al

Page 29 of 174
 tl) Pvo-!,uea g
5V*rr
FBc -lo = o
F-B.D o$. roint B Srne5o ,

F pc .SinttrJ"_-
ro
FpB =lo tcN " Fgc = .to
.J
Jz
FBc = lo.JE FN _ hJ'

(JJ K Values:

\,er+i"G[. dellesfiox s Svg :

l-ension = t\,t, Compx= _Ve
IlsnbEr P Ik
-- F
_t Sve PK-{-
RE

iiu .1. lt)

,,lii

:{r l**
.J

8c --lD.[z
{oJi eB.rB I
AE = -oe- I

$va - 38'lt
FE.

aued[U fu,t +rE- 4.,uxs .

shou:rr frffr*, Frhd *he Hoh+,a)?

Oil- the ).rrermbey RB :"-grnrfl A
trvel indrcotes ccrrriracH'en
$',eJ indJkcdct e-tcnqc+i,rrn.
II' 3vn

so-tr-rt:-
U

T-
Nrrfe8-.
-:-=:- C
lo Jr"t'ld stota-ticrn +t-l rnrh BJ
*b- tf," ynernbey ,AB. K 3rn--_*d
L''" 0ABJ . a-ppry Lrnit rnornrnt
Ln -the . jrrrn + o coup{e oi Ae Bu* *hotrtvrirrlg.
:i

Page 30 of 174
 @

lhen $**- A
,- -s ***

' 'r' *- E
DRn d--Pl<-O * Z-' k'E
BE *rrq
'
t *re-yre
"_ P-Q
-for eorl: rr',*-beFl-3m --d
RE
irr a-[I rnernbges dLta +o unit momrnt
!.c = Forlie.S
to FindER B
Bng = E[<'s
elo4golirn +l/e-
*^? x o o
lo-3m Corrtrqcl-ion .-Ve.
i
_-t-
1

t-tt.x td3rn {xro3 xod

(_, a .
o --l t

-.?.xiu3t '', r.)

_)
3' ;(: ' :tc](l
.J-;';

_)3 o
+5xlo ,o
{.
$AB = -e.xld3Rod
\..
:
fiEl
*\e sr5rt i*plr** tlql rnember rtotodaa +posrte tr>
6':, oPFlrd ,:rit: acuP-te'
ir
i-*, f*t*bgr RA ytotejef orrlictroclctrltge.
L
I s
t
\-# flus5:3 Jhe rnernbetx ET 4 rJ G .Slee*l- *r:-Jss s*ulrn Ty)
,i
"&
+g orte,subjeckd tD G trnp. YtXe o[ Bo". S$"f : l{xld6 /"c
i .
'j

i
:
G 1}rq drsp-lacernerrl + .f,dirlt E .xe-[o*ive to 3oint 'H' ,cr_{,oy5
I
-1

l -lhe dfvn o[ H f og -Frtua 't4

I
i E
i
,s
J
i
j

1
&
,l

I
1
-)

Page 31 of 174
:: :: I :Ii=,.-.:5-=.--.'a : l
' :.
rr- "
(B) ,'Jss.l"nrn
tB) b'sgg rnrn
Jil o'ls u rnl-n
LDI I'o&e, rDrn
G
@= ' '-xeFHesenta
(1) '{ sfroiCI 1ort F
r l"c varria-trorl jn the ner^np. I

ft:i fc vayio-tt'on -r-rr Jsmp' stro-in jl'ql'

'! ,i :
ii I
t'
'.' ,:.:'. -

F-i-: X_[ :"(t*l_

:. 1

Ib Statl:c deltrnri^na*e s{ruciule -I.3 Aubjected to

lt

frt,P VaYioti(rn , Jernp , Zf:{.<*sea oyre 'not derdoped

i?1 tl.E Xfructurre .

/a\
\'J,, lo +{nd }reictive 3oint drsp{ocerrn-yrL
a& 'E' I'H' iln
the djTr. *& : EH app,{-recl Lrn&
-q.oadx &t E4H
,

ag *l-otr^n
r-t?tfrfl E o'7ol
o

Th-en, SEH EH -,-

E
.: E
E
l;

S '7ot H
-:iv
-u.rhrre
pA," 1+ 0oqdB afplr'ci t'--
f.+---3mo n
b : ffi =d?J-
3coo :-.

s:4 ionp. .lrrr3* E

, E.

r --- t'orcer =
i-n o-ti rnernberu dur. fo r:njf Aoqd af EgH '
, :=i
l-'--!
c:j:
E:i
---- F="

Page 32 of 174
 a
I
a1l

oi
{i ci>
'K rJa_lues ore o6 shoo- rr fr6uae
ci tiil5 w-tt-ro,ts

rl EeJ = .( t.-{,
?l _.- IQxto-6xSo"x
?it: Jooo

tq 6-ry =
:-r-l.og mm

d t-t-
tt1 : l&x t6{x 30 x (SoooX',Jf )
a
- f'S.?I mvn
q
-

t ECE =&u = Sr.rr = SuJ *- o I ro *mnp. cnonger)

It
!

tiiil Sr*l = -E!(E

=+;|
t S= o(ti. I t.
.i I s=* __Z.h.s c-mg}F ve;
t ,- Ef +l.t:i l*crcr I clGr{mrrr lErsion -t+ve1
i t-

T
:rf
!i .n.
t.,
GE, GH,
o I* to
el (: Hr,Hli-
1; tft
I

(: s!
l '3.}.lo-rth^
(, 6
fr. Suga: $j fiox +ie.
t I

I
e
ti E.
*a
t4d-
l_,
I
-l
6
G
iir,
d $"
9n
1
{l

\<*
-i
I
:
&
*
B
(As
A{
i
i
E*.
v
\b-? P/,

Page 33 of 174
7"
 ,*he strucJaxe q-ncl -Aooclrnfl ane,s5.rnrnelrlca_(
Vo =VB= 3a
F.B.D+:tr'r!J'

EI-C>
t f !] + -FsE sirruso.l* =o
>s;
FAR
I or,
: Fee _ *..E
6crt"ft )

- FalS +$-foJu5o:o
'.1:.._
S
FsR
:2= P.
Iranaio{

LEJ $h oI#* lB 45o , foltce -[-n *oxi:rrrl*f rrymbex ia soroe

a Vertico{ XeqqFiorr" fie,,ce i^n .i1c1-ir,ed- mernben iz
'lE }?rne,r Vertr'm.[ yleac]io-n'-
&u LSJ f,1 *hg above oue^ Vryticq1. def-[ecfi sn * roirrt c ix -
Sr. +ve
-'|- -
r'l ccrmp , TEns'sn
= ={P
nE. -Ve- ,

,-L
f*lernber ? K sv.==H
DC a P/fi. PT.

l.H '{El- t.l{ Ae

BC ua lr* .{a L PY.re-oe

BD -?ti l-n t!- P t/rog

svc -

Page 34 of 174
 '-t

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t.
i
l.:
l t

I
l.
Sv.-eP4 , DT ,:
:
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1...t-
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PS

& qE - it ['rr" t.J

-i I

\...I
'l
.1 frn(sw+r) Arrs -

*'f

*il
:!
I

I
0ue{.(-8") st o= r5so mrn2, E = &xlot rnptr . t^nytiaoyrtal de,flectirn

[.,.
ob ,p,r,t '&' ig a.
135 kN
.t
- rl f,: i.
I35XG
I V= 180ts+t
vrla
I
t. +'s
:i
: lBo 6rn
\tr J
,

lr!:
1
I VR= [_Bo tsH
t.t
:t
1
I
Vs- -lBo F+i r35
-,1 t;
jI
4'srn
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. Us=mbJVs =- ISot N
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6 --
,:
lenu -- 4.5
I
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53,13',
I

-_tI ltc}
,
Fhs -- --- - -]&aEr.[l
I-
-l I
SrnEt53.l3o '

I
'-l I

--j i
I
P vq-lue8 olte AE shown irr +rs
I ,. b
k
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\-l I
Vafure .
IhH
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,/ ..t r>
i

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^-t I'33krl
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Page 35 of 174
 v

q?--- ----
-. (3J
FH.. Imsiort-(tv) , Cornpn Gve) v
4
Mernber' r'V
? k t- rrt = =*?
I
QS I Srn g'o3 r( to*3

ilR
RS if /rl 6m
q'5)n
t-t'63x to-3

l'35 Xlo-3 '

'\/

Srra t.5e rxro-3

hnml
RE - issoxlytos t.r '-i
,\a
I

hrn: :

. lo.oo. .

Page 36 of 174
 -trnf-tlence Li.rr* qqsr a'r'rw Fq)l Fo:rexa ii -fu_tna

lYernbUx frm"xraJ
om!e&B
( l) a-L-D s
st iB t?,*-e -
gxaphica-0 xeFrrezer{o+irn o& r,a:ria*iorr +
HeqcFisTl , Sheax
alf {qce rror-rrnt etc aB
Be.rd;ng rnr,rcnt
&rce ,, Bq"}Cjrg
i
$
,J G trnit load "rrmve *rom crre end i5 sthry endob
,l
i1
i
it
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rr A*ruchures
I
ll

\.
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GJ T.!ryIl_ xeqchonj B_
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't
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lru
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r'[-D: Iq::t leocHo^n V|

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l
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j
l I
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{ I.uD 1", .Ieachc.n V?
'
:l-

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rfie r'L-D fofl -*tea*ior-n ct onff
d,mur
I
)lernsve lhe srrffps:ra,
.i
suppexa 4 ,Bt
i; bU r-mi* crnourd,
:l

The colrxs3Frrd,rrg ,

def{ected; *"*
u*r*.Hor, + fhe beq* j}.4
l^ the r. l-D +o.'.
"r;'"**n

Page 37 of 174
\

J.rr btGjt 1-4rs.s @mP + re, TFnsial _yq.

S -
t
r, ltsf I uu U5 L" U6,

4
..- F,
---@ -
it,',u
-r- L1
r-l or\t'i
L3ilg #rl
Vr
;l
,o '"1 ,-,{
{
L5 L6 I

l
I

!.ry;lg's

+^5=tl, t;
,

a
I
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I

ry&
(r
.,| .-
f:.
':
I __ B
ii
I ,::

T ,,f +crr
1

F
{'''u
,

i.#a I
t',
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ILDfov
I
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Fr-,
f
I

TLr-}tTFD,\

(i=t)
iii:

r:i-.

Page 38 of 174
 qsj(i)' -[coc bf(n L1 { Ll

EY:o =4-FVr:Ful;-r - o + Fulul =V, (cot1g1

bror-r: ILD.[o] vr4 CsY]Sicter l;,,. LL{L?
ufhe rr ix exn ct15 oi Lr i+. *i-l-l Je. -toEem t **f *r,+ rTB
+lre- lood
. .So r Fplur =o (ulhen qood- ix atlrj
Sa cc-nnd Herrnirlivt3 r.L'o us thowvr rn-ilq-
Wz- LO ::41", Ft4Lj
:zY-o
?-Ra'l:*v:-:5 =e fua.ta:tb-[f)

( n +rrss u:?j-h flo Verlicril- membr)

?ri+nt t!.8 _ut u-'t

3sirle6'
:Q59 SQ 6

Lr
L
iz
V1

+'3lYl t'31Yz-2.31
*rJ,
{:l = 2.4t Iln.ldlr fi)u3 ,
'I
-:l
i
'':i
.1
-- tl rr.ct -forfi3u.1
:i
1 lfi'{t 1.14-VL
-t
:9'$1 --lrLi
I
-l
1.lS vp
'l

',1
I
=l.tf
I
I
:l l.ls-Y: .

I I =t.lJ
tl
=1
I
i
rl
I
:. Lr-D"f-: Ep|3
i
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-.J l_

Page 39 of 174
 :

Frtzu3 , FsLq,rq.rrj
,i* = ,Ut'.f,r tZll
, Lr)
!!!:p" e -
EMg =6 :) -Vzx6 + Fuz'u4 x$59
.,, I-r+g I =o
Lt.J + fuz us = &' 3o I x +-l vr tfornp] ( t'+t')
E.t 1L3 _ s

tt9J + VrX6 - F uzr:ax {-S? :.(l,il V tCor*ip) ( *r+XLy4Lj)

.
I

.r
:
'.\
:

f3) Iu"n
fur F:E.t:, B

ru4s Ey=6 + .+ U - ru3r-e -sin .=rs

6oi
F.re.t-3 : VA
l.*

sn-eo. = l.ts laLrj

'|:'
l-

:-:

-Vr- fra'exJirt6o =-o

Fra-t-s
= l.ts V:_L

l]

{-.
r-?
-
1

l-:-. v
1::
! :: -.

ss,

Page 40 of 174
 .:rt-L*]:.- _ - ::-...,..

I1!** *b l^nrg,s f'lerhbrr B -

CoirO

l-686 m
fo}l b,roqd
gouge
trqck
, Rnif6
(HoE6

ff'rrder

*.1 '1

I 6 Fqneu < j..

_l
I
t
pqnel^ -l -flx a; I,
-l

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I

-i f,uactior.l
I
"rtoSr $Trder
I
I
ond xfrirlger beqrn.
I
I
N"te_ g
-l
.i ns o rmit rmd T
noves o-n
-l *he ro-il , l} *he_ vaxiolio.n
'vi
t
'ob *h. J*rce irr ,the rnerr*ex
"F " n; i plofted_
I

it
I

'\, lI *hen 7a ccdled nL"D jo:r

I
-Jortce -fn tho* r^nembex
-, j
:
( t) T j-p
tr_foxce irr uq T Fe I
I

r-l D3 0u e .;
-I t:
I

-i
I
I

{
gg4: ti) ug *. oTi* GJ.ir#**e bfu, Lr4.Lr.
i

.-'i
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' cul J}le rllen-rber u a Uu Uy O - O
I

!l
i

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quitBr. o# R.ht's dh D S
I

El,l1-,q=O :) -Vz,XIZ +Fu3uq.{Q -O

[s"il P.r, -* 3vr_ Cc".r,np,rj

!
D'rq$, * prar, lcon-s'dey jn-iodr", bfoL4l3.
-E.'

Page 41 of 174
 ti, Nhen -l-l'r [ood. js b1.," Lq4 L1

o! r-.u.s o& O-O

"g..ril'
EMq= o =+ -lVrtrl9. - Fua ttq XU =o
+ Fu3.uq = 3V ("*D
try ?l
t'LD for 3v1 4 fi,fuider bl.r, t-q4-L'7'

(&J I lo +ry FuaLLl - S

Coat?) Iood bfCI Lr4La-

0-O
R-H-s.+
EY-o :+ {- Fu: Lq Si nU5P + Yz
1
It JI
L+
_J IL + = {? .lrL Lcorrtol
i RB' -----.--.
L-r-r

.Dltaw
a'Lh +* "I_r'vz + {rytai4*, H* t#Ls
. I ''- ,.I
_ ,,: I
foae. tii.L ,lo.,cl blro L,JJ. L1 .
1
D

I
: .< t-.

'il
of
L-H's :
:

--*
_
,.aj
EY'o
i
1
mIl
q

I
*t il
L'{+ L?
brao"
() :rLD f.D1 F1,

Foy o o t pqs*try, *b onil [ood, F qr, =o

i
i
.j
.At. 'h Sntt' configunohon)
i r.L.D Jo-, FLr Lz ir o ,sh _Line .

i q+,1
%*- (4,.)M,a-

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Page 42 of 174
 -:i
It: [ll.r--
I
j'.i87
,')
-Jf ,-'- ,.'s.L-/
i. )'
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:-,' lts
. .:l-.-..
V.

-l 'h',. L.'

-l );'
:j t
th
*l
lb
.:

-1'b .--.:
-lb l
Yrgn
'i
.;

-lb
.-,i F
lp tu,
-ilpp S:, C

\ip al .
o
-r uD
-J IJ 'il
L.
=-o -. \,y2 fL *1
t,/.

d F ,r*!a :. o, ( .*.1-4)

a'
b
4?

,U
-r
u
)
p
p
!
R
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yi

Page 43 of 174
 :.---i--:":-:a:---

1:.:.;;
Jqru s pi-IL y\o vczg.fi 6l r.r<\rr\:eg)
' ( A *Qr.>ss
-./ I

c\. t*gu \
t\
i

-q a,'" ' L;
I
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3
Jz!

72
5
;l
{
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l'.
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=,l.lu,
t-:
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Page 44 of 174
 !l

-t
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''4-- ,-

f{*
\-;
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1
'}fu- o., I . LIJ .l.n I-u=u:.
-,1.l
I t(t.
re
:

..:
I
)r, tl Mrj + Fr.*1,
-t
.)
I
lo ftrr ,in :

-.),j l\ C
tc) \-+vr
-lrvc = tY.
.r !
?: f1
.l
I
I

-:il
1
i
. F4L: =
d

[szl
7

-i
I
*iI
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i

>'l
1

,i
n rru
-i
I
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' }-4uu = O'\r) *Vz x
-i .

-i
I *\
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L-g ?""1
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-l 1

\o*A R tts oF L:{

-l
J
t +Vv4'5'* F-t** x i;5,5 =.o
-JI
-j ,l
1

=) F1oal-u = a-1,1v, Laer.1l1l*)

l
i
*l I
I
vj

I
-t
1
+ -lvr- *F*Oa=Si*{o'.
tr
o.i
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- ) vsL3- -'it - \'t5v, tt)

s r- brl-
a

-: l ,

-t I

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Page 45 of 174
 (:

Page 46 of 174
 @
i1

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l
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fnflcrence Line biaqxorrn trf1 .Forcss
.-l
:]

.t
:
I
4'

(-
.-, i^n l}1;;r---l
'-.'i
Il
Mernbera [+ moxfxl
t.

F.
Ccrncepta 3-
tr
i.t ia +he. glaphicol- Heple-sentrt-ion *b Voxicrrion 4
.

.l;i
I
l
i. A) r:L-q s-
-JI
:l f,t)-
.
,}teoellcrn , {o:fre BenAimq
SheaX moltnt etc. aB . &
,
U
(
Ltn?t trmd- ]T',ves frorn one- snd tr> <:ff'r end- 4 &
lit

\i i g'. Si:tuclrrnea. I
4
!
(i''
*l f
:i (r (-2) I L.D. f.oy Reccfioru. *_
il!
)
ci
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1 ;
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*:li { vi
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'i
j.-L: D fb:t Xeoc*on yl
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{-, I fl'D-1ot steoclto^f YL
I
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)
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Q,
\-i
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6,_lo drqu) the I.L.D fnyr sreodion dt-rl?tu sqppq}lt,
\*|
I

S, .lfetagyg jhe + Ii+t ir bd unit orrnlrnt The

colHesP"rd"B^uppo$*
(-',
depectud shope + iile ihe ji-E-t+
I 6, -,
.t s iA the r'L'D J.)l fieochcrn + tti,*t,{uPpoxt'
+1
I
&
&
(sJ :rt.D's fuy fuicea jx p;rofi T-ruza B-
l
&.
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!f @
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Page 47 of 174
 v7a
t
I
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I
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Page 48 of 174
 n$r-n iartotr' "pl1*.e.
*El a\sa. A uniforrm r*or^--er-glrirr6 lsoo N is suppaJ{ted dt
I E4 F q cob-[.e RBcD i Defisrnirr thc lsnsiort -t":rce jn +frc
Ix Segrrreot AB +h'u cabie.' h&suYne cabtre ftBcD, BF 4 cF
*3
1
"t
i ante ueiffiH=roo
*.i
** Vp-9oo i<lt
qtr q'5rn Se
3rn
{or -- Hh H g ={oo

I
:ig= t9.19 CosuJ-
t = eCrO
I
,Li
.l "t
\t

I.*---=i---
I o5rn tom---1

te--"l.45---.:d
STn(e [oad- lx at Cer,r+Xe , sr-r-ppoxt ui]I shnxe lhe troad

_rJ_ Bo =#.s" = l4?J-sry

From F'B-D :RR Co64-5" = gco 19

E( plp =[Jpr -: lfoo
=O
Rn:9oo- ^ - t.?lJ.gN st c'
ffisus"
EX; D 3-11fo:0t
So, $sns ifn irr u:'ue = tQTJ.g N j
. -lTCoSrr!"= o

Note g
(.1) -rb kef the?
e Joxrea i..,n eil-tit"', rnurt F o,U,at, oppsr+e
divtectrd trnd o&.[jrmx -[:n qcfirn .

e, P)*-

Page 49 of 174
 te; ro keep thyee Joxcea
jn **U rnuX* be go ptqnsr
4 comcuDlent

$= Sflt ,r,itrr* a+Haigrrt bant 'Bc, 6.L .?trN u:ei6ht +

n ,:
eYn i"W iA +etd .i.yr l-ovtizonfei poaitio'n by 4 cui.xez
.t- r a

r ---'' u
;v

aB x*rourn irn #J Fhld l}le s*g aI o" Find the

yleoclio^n of .R' d_.8,.

HN

}- :.

Ta'
c
ffHn
B G,,n
-9:, ' ry
l\
--_
ItsN I

l* ;l+Jm* J- ern ---;*--.?m-;{

.
ern
c:-
e;

-Note-
EoF'vcrrn the aTrni-lax r*drrr,g[es BtrE , cFE . tr:e {ind. +h&h
.:.v

E l::v

LE) Florn ex - o =*.TrCoEoz = ICoafr*' : j::

i: -?

IEil tra-

Page 50 of 174
i
I
:E ,'i-l .

T lil
Ti:
li 't-'
!_i., :

EI'
'rri:.
:tl
:l I
i.
It rnqr-\E fst 'a' iB, af :orre -[e.ve{ q8 D . so , sa&-f, dtD
,+d l: l
i r.:

j
. : lTn-
-Io keep tlrxgelda6s
"iil.r,-,, iTt q,uilt lrr"d YnQst rneet at one point
> i'_'.
ll..'
L;:,
J-e Gt E.
,r-li I..
1t
'!
I

{ P-r,l s
I

i-'l
:'
1
-&o*}ion4 *
'Ao iB o- o?J{e , B'M aI o : rr
-.
I

-_'
I
.l
Sirnce
:

i * +VRxt -Hnxl : o :t

Hn .-O
ir
f
=) &vn --
I EMr** o
) + +vnx 8 - lx6,- ex 3
H+x I --
T

Y
.l
let.J ' BVR - HA := l;? -..- @,'

'.!
Bv A _ [evB) :_ tl

.t
I
HF = QVA =+t<'N
I

t
5
I ?
From eqrritl "6 enli:le S;tTucfux:-
t
*n
{
EX=0 --) -HR*Ho : o
{:''

'.1
+ HD: ulcN
I
t
Er/:o + !p +VD -i -J =o
'i t
i
I
=
i {-' er o i
)
I
:

; Nuttr
the loocl js app{ied- crt-rnid- poirrt d fi 4 D
--i
:l
'I
( @ Since
t suptrxt -s+eor the- .tpqd "qrt"ILU i'e' vA=VD=qooEt'l
GIl cng-le 45" f,he veaul]adir
w-i
I
"II
'.
@ Sirrce f5e uji:te cD vnot'.^
nol* 45o a?th rnrda3?Ttol ' k
-lt{ {':
.t
i tr]
-J E'
-TI}ei 66= Po(odllf
Ro : l.???'g N '
I
e lao frN' Le
l
8o "finqs"
:l . = !.|P qOoN =
&

Page 51 of 174
::, t3J Fayom the eguilm o$
.-1

entr"ue strqchste EX.=o

-Hn lHgr: o :_/

Hn - Ho =9ooN

Rn -- jG, -
+HA, - r&l.t.g N
' So, JEnSbn iyr a oTste AB ._ Rft - H-r{.g N
Airq:/-s'f--) Find- the- xototicrn o| merrber gc .
)
-\61

Affrg,rrl"f [1e$"ds o$ Srrtuctur+ ryrqtais t[,rvn r]

0=@g@s
lo orra-[Uxe O-ylqi Stair"co-0i!, idelnnnirrate 5fl'uqtuxe Lrre '
rn1rat fii* the
'.rneynbefl
I i e f Vo-l-r-u]
' To 'ge-f
",fniu

rnelhocLa o$ orratrr6s'is alte - u4=* h4+r getrinn t-

a rrc,rr64-r estirnslt "U *.-U*{ffi*Jt ano-LUxis -til<e f'loment t:,

d-iatstiUuticrn 'rnethd . ,&Iope- d-ef-lmftop -rne.thod-

a}le tr -

(altxid_::uf . '
j!

Jt\r-trvva -l*rv a
isj Trr the qrrrluaix *t- mui-h"staxjEd
^.. f,l*o al,rr q-l ierl frorne J"Y a *'OftiZfflol
ercct
.tood fihe u:irul 'ao&d- E-q" Ioqd e+c' The-
.:

-h'rne' orxtlrnirrg &

a"ltc*4 (o

rn+f,oa o$ ornatrgxk *:rte *'1" hv

Pxoc{xs . So , crppxo:rirrnJs.
*,T art lXecL :koffnd_
rrethodS l:''
-

:::
-fmrce4 & rnmre.nl-* ?uictc{' 1. :'.
.

:: G) *TRote
olte p rnethocl *h appstorirro-te onatrusis - Lv-',.
l:a:

(oJ Rsr.tal Method

q.

LbJ rcrrfilevev r4elhod tl: :

t- _-

t-.-^- _ -

Page 52 of 174
 ' r -.rYs+Pir.-r.t.
::. :i. i-

-f4
-+i! I
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r,.- tol Po@g Mettpd r-
,l !'
I ConcepJr e -
!l

.l
l
(lJ It TX appJ-rcrh-te to -0o,$Iae ffiorng ' t tu +.r8ht e[{-n:rne
:l
't

--l)
I
lP*s thor rofldlh o$ -lrorneJ
J
l
+_t
taj frasurnphonc s -
.t
'l
ril Pae i,s oxsornec[ to be -0octlH-
-l l
I

cafulmn + Feorn
*:!.t
I
gmorq
:
.1
: (rr) ltn
hayiacrrlal rheoy is ax*omed lp be diur:ded,"altt" ',

1
i
coturrrnS Srtrh ihat each e btkrlc,r co.flurnn
.I
l Jh{g&--@ol*!q{rynn
1
rrl
-{ T
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flqsurnpllon ci) 1 i-fiii- .E
a

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.: !n I :
|
_,.,

vl I

-t
I
I
-0 - r6(.St
,,
)la
IE{ar .Y.

*:
\i irdeterrni- '
.Fj
t.

-i
I
r&te u:?-U Le.arne G- defrrninok a-lructune . .Eo
I

^truclrrne
eqAotl crn,
"b qpLt}" alrne olte Eu{Sr,cient *o fmd o:ciol
-fouce , *lreffI
Jexae & B.H ini. o".3 p(llrt e{- XtrucfrLrre .

b
s
n.

Page 53 of 174
i:-?f--

6urr-: Ux in7 Foel+frl -b .o?ed-ltr4is . Fimcl fhe 8,r,4 of .ff ,--

40kil eokN

L{olcN To, {.|-q

I-, ,B Lt E;
t- FEH) Frorn)
.It srr)
f
4rh
\b
ffi
F.A-O aboveG 6

+Qo-H-SH-H=b

1
B.M. c,f R = fS+en* &t 'A' 4 -[ooh dotoaJ

+ +5X{ = [o ltg'76 -

lbgs - Frorn F'B:D ot. FIEB

(o-) zlvlg ;0
A qrn AVa
QO FH ta- rf*rrE
,

a*l VB = 3.3)tsN [r)

I
B P<=- H=SI<N --Ienarolr In colurrrn IEE =+.rEtN
I
,1r I
vg

GJ" nr.tat rhrust in He i,

ZX - o + +AO-S-HE :o
llE =tskN
6o-, *hnut i1n Ftr=-l5.rcill tcmpbl

tc) S'F i rr-l the rnember + tr = A. 3s kN .

Page 54 of 174
 e
t
@
L,;
,t t

L, l

?,
{*;
n fueas fuy the -fzurne
i
shot-on rn +U F rl at fi ?x _
t; -

,i (Pmo.lrf+t
\ ---r7 -B ,[
-s"g
t
Lt
I

"{
l-: i
I

D
Y
\j t\ o\ t"'.-t-[

q*
-/z
Jl{ Lrf B
,
LIi
l
rE)
Y <_
vi H
I F'g.o a.bow Ocl
.-i
"l
tr.:
- &H1rD.-6

l., -l

J tr-om p B.n ob AE
*J I r-bH=19
_ 3.

ri Bst at R
{6
I
A ?rt?'
ut
t.j (b) ' Crnti-taer Hethod s -
1
i
Li Canc+tx s
.
l-,: . tl I+ f^ appUca.ble tu (r-e'the
u
a

1
+t oS *fi* Bht-tctuxe ts lrrlolte ttro4 At-le uuidfh *&th 4t J
\,i tolrXe- o,t cq-ntflr{e.Ver bmrn
frome. acts
"
-

*j 1

vt LAJ flssqmP*ion4 e- -tn CgnlileverTnethod frcrnot e j! o-

1 .teh:rrn?nale atrucfunf
tit .I
t1-) S* "tS qss,Jrned fitrf P'o.C i,\ $".","d -t nrid poftnt
G'.1
i '*h eoch |pgrn 4 O,tlrrrnYr ' '
9::{
.fii
t,
t Page 55 of 174
b
 $*ial. s+iess j'n eq.h cabrrnn i.8 p:ropo9lionql :ro .|ta
C-rlterrce frcrr! ih e cepfroid. -the artea-t o* fhe
"*
rp0tr{rfl gXoulu of 1hatr lereJ-
L))

CI-- t
I
o
I
t
t

I
I

*u
Ar@ n,.&

qu& JF-e en& rncrment derelopail cf A in Jroel IPveI -bsrru

jn lhe. lq-trrd"qg fioade& +-I-orne shourn belorr: t.+.f$ol-t ,--
6:{s.rmfl, }nvir,6 *serne c1s arrmJ nq'
4 +?mPtu'fid- ffa,r#fs ir
3olcH *->

1- rn(D
6oFN > J +
+
4Yn

,t+__ 6rn -->|<-- ern --d

LA) -I'5 tsrlrn
$9),,s FHrn.
(cJ &o KNrn
tsD 3o EHrn

Page 56 of 174
 ''..1
i T{"
'-.1
1
t, ll::ffi "- -.-.

I t
I

-i Note g soF.N A
t---_

*; I (U c 6 ol, ro.{umn arcaa 6.--B

9rn
-(D)
I I
I t
" clt _is/g-t, O_ O _* e
Hs
A
b

QrxttQ:I2t--- -- 5[cr-l V3=lsur)

-l
li
I
I

: -_,'
>__4
; Eq:(
*l
rL EO- Qr*oz+-'- =ft
l
[t*, sJ t+I
I :
ts-.--+
6rn L h/l
+c-/:. vs
1
:r-
Axo + Rx6 +Rxl2
1
J
i
3A F-B D obov.e deuel o)- u)
n
1 _ G m +Torn _t+t snrl '8,
{ I
Ccrnc-ltrciry) : So, t.6.
-:i cdamn trouf pa-*sd,- fr"nailfrh
cenflia-L Cob$YrYl-
"+
-.tj
I

-:
La] sirrce the. cls GrCIa a-He Eorne loDl GLt ra-Lurnrps ,
I

-farrcea c,)le c.[ao p}top]l+iffifl-t- fo *hei:f cerrlroidot

I

-l I
, -bS
t
--1
!

-la (

{
f. t3) EFlp .--o
t-. + -V1x tt * Joyg : f)

-.,
;I
I
I tf, 3"1 Vr = SFN LT

-l
1
1

@ trtorn F.B D AEB

1
(
L
+ B
Ve
-i
:r
t
EY
'1
:
l {
l-t
L $lf IJ
tVg e -.5 =C> -He
-[ (
I <=--
;i
:-' I HB
t,l *t R
- { stond af
--i B 'n'
,
f
\'1,r=5 F+r
; lbt" srlqAt
*.;:
it !-' - *-0 -Jt
L

=+sxf = t.5k-t.t- rn .

":, ,

Page 57 of 174
ai
!,

1:i.r"-: "'-'-
'.1
-l

.rrl :{' . : ,.9

'iJ I NoLe e-
l)i
id
.

il
:,,
(tl 'lJ-enxion jn *he. co 0urnn AB- -- St<N LT)
iii -..
l

(al s.F. jn
'the beem ffE : shN
L3l Am"otr Ji,xuxt fn feqm A E ix * P

r'"
5}tN
El"lB = o .+ +3oxt -)dex3-HExl :o '/
I-P4 I
-+ve -ve J I 't-'
HE : .?l'51(N

-HE -t.!4,=o
H I = Y'ShN

FoRces IN Rr nur.r DffNT JEu-ssEs

Camlgfts B-
(r)

Page 58 of 174
 r-
FORC E S _Lru R EouN DANT Tnurrp5

ttJ Ex*erna{

hlhexe
w-
deh.rrnT.nocu (dxJ Elc}rnncrl Redundqnt

:l _ No ofi- Lrnkxlotol'} xeacliorr".s

! S - No o6 qlratiorN oi- qur'UhrtiuYn
availobl r

i.- :rt,t+ernatr l:rde*e.rrninocg - b,ai : )rn_ laJ-3J

L,'

Hl $* fh* fa+nl 'no'(}F yrer^nlerra qI TrB}le l-hofl

sl-: , fhen -if ix coJecl ,"ry-% rrrCelerrnlna}e
Sfltcrhl}Ie .

(
(a; Fdd:"'*ianat eqpnlicrn calld- {rynpah'bilrq e.f orte cer}teel
r tr drird f"rreA -tyr -}lfduchdorrrt lrrltaseS
(
e*Flolotrrn S N
{,. rd
(:. B B
(,
=_{.
'f.
(
(

't
4 xep{oce it bg pxex
t A"LL g l{4vglrt* not L".rr]
(
tsz
(-

!: Dusto uni+ Coad P:

.t' a-lone (l<\rala) D.,o-.io -+'Pfue"l t oa,6rlorp
t P\lu'J-urJ

Page 59 of 174
 50 , +"T\ol +oxra -ln *>rua,s .rrprn *tJs c.-rle - p+ Kx
(_)
=. z. (P+ Fx)'' I
4nE
Fri:m p4incip-te + -{.eo;turo}lk. ti.e. ,ilz-cdrr enrrg^d Stornd
JLft O dtabie .Shurltue ja minivnun;

AB

(> prr + zf?x-A

'+fpE\ =o)
*5
= 5 K2 *' Ilp{J- - E PF-l-i AF
rlz'

-_=rygAqt t*erot furrnu.Lo-

> rar/sl rp {r'nd x I
t.
I
I
_l

a& 'PE' r,E-ronryUrrt -tdr al) menr:b61 *

- EPK[.

=rh
t"lhsre P : .fonce.a irr 6r}t rnernbena dru- fr: applied.
xero{
t *&or, .)tedu:rCqTb rrernbev fr
-too-d+

k : 'IlYcurifl <rU znemlelx O: 'rnit loecl

rnErnbev
<rppiied* -ln 3{ace c,b x"dundorrt
-force.

Page 60 of 174
 CrnceFt4B
furce,s l^fi a0-,1 ^rrembuu dua- to -0sch c>h #t o1"-1e
C-
Jt l}exe ore t'lo e:c*nral,
oPPJ-ied Jaod o''' -t1'*+^"-raaJ

Tg fhe vre-mler 'BD: rs

fu" _l.ry alt tm x-hayt by an
oilor61| s , thevr the
rnemberr ; gD, urFJl be. pdled
or Ptx*ed *o keep jt
'jr, ihe posifiorr jn *he fnrss.
l[rn Juces crg developecl rn oll olFrv rrnrnbut8'

&RE
'5
Lo, 'i, ^*lrtt)(
blc ' fhweane
"+nnal
laae> I
E
-<
L

ajx daz
r> l.2r.I
I HE

I
x; s-(nE)
Et 2-I-

Nhexe-,
X =- rrr Jl-e r-nernber dun- lo MEf g-rt
Fc:1ce
"F
I

-t
.{
, :.
K = Jorcg in o"ll ',YleYnber dLrq. fo Lrnif Locrct
,1

I
-1 i
'1
:l
ePone ( ,r:herle stedurdont is .:tenrcwa-;
-t x t

--rl
I
fu>rcea sn o-t-[ ol-hev rnembery * fr**
.:
**
-,; I
ETx-l
r-l
,l
-t (

-1
a,

*:i
.:i
ii )'

1
-1

Page 61 of 174
Et-_=
.,'.'.

0uea :frrt Jhe fruxa .shot:rr ifl i6Ue Find- o:cial. &xce
I^n -the membel GF . Aeis s$rne J"H a-{-! rrxevnberu -

cir fli.so oratruote the {orce. in the so^rne rnernber 4 'h

1,5 -pbru"coJed o-5 o'1% .too sho)l.t- 4 the *kuctune
col(:fieo -r^lo ec*oncrl -[oad '

Hg

Ao$ t
PqlxP ; hxce irr rnerntrel GF dtlq @fl
istSt pB Firr&
Dae = H-S' =3-3=o
So, ii .r:3 ede1ro$U delffrninote
uri m- tfl]-3)
lo- [+x ( -1)
.rI
\
So, ]-ta irn"- r-lt1 jndeb+mirnJr *o tdeg}tee
I '

So, .>ternoYe rme -fflffirol rrrernben GF 4 'rrep{ace it

Ug x oa xfuuyn ir1?- t i+ iil- ix eltfrriallr4 indetvmrrrde
u:t. 'r..Q.,'{1 jP Xe'f}rove Hedu-rrC,-t r r[' H8-ri'l'cr] . cr-r tcl
>'.qlrklcC'

iii;lxl

Page 62 of 174
 ';]
l

--l
:]

*1_l
'i
.t

*l
!.

I
I

-rj
+
EI
1
xxl
.l i

-- EPk."{
Snn.* R E k
l

.X CIns+Brtt -f6:r o_Ll rnember:l

rl
t,
= z Kztr" I
*;
-lI

'I
urrhexe- P - Fostcel $n a{t rrnernbe}E dtu- io er*rrnol
I
- ^toad.r"nq
0\u t GF is rr*rnovdJ
",fjer
'
-i :l
:]
k -- Foltc&i.jn eJ-I- rnernbEslB drro' tlc uriiL
-i.'l
I
a-lorne cf G4tr.
-l
I
I lI- Step B . Find P' Vo_[u.*t :
I

*,i
tn *1. 2H jo N
Ha*
:

II
*t I
I
I
-l
1.
=(dJ
a

'l I
{.

[:.,'
I
I
!:
>.1
I I

IIL SteLr K-Vol-ru I

-4 t.'
I
./ t'
I i
I

*i
I {
*t
Itcll F
*l d
I
i
\, I

*!
:

t
I
I t.
--l 't -

Page 63 of 174
/t
.t
ii l.bk q
=3 L{e crn-n'f Jofe eryat\ +b faint G{r dr"-6rp+
q: b/c 3
mrrnbs).j6 o.rfe meettn8 cl G & F .
So ,&hc:rj u:?*h
f,t?rrt B 4 c
..
E stsP 3 firrt- FG : x
_EPKT TensioD rVe
Ets2tr^. Corpx - ve
JYern bex Ip K B-"1 PHll- F2l-

BC - Lr.) o q o 0
cD -
*LD
Qr^l
I *, q :Ar^:q a
DE O a a o
EF +JT,,c D qs O o
6 FD -* t*r q -&rrro- a
FC + JFro -JI AJT - Qfi, r*:q "{J 2G.
GD +JL uo -J2 qJ:
GB +Jl
6^
<{ z to0- tna
t^-:
t) qJl D o
'-6F
GC -gt^:
ol
I
-l - Qruq q
4 a o q_

foo fc FGI QJz t ro

,)J^ f=pht = -6tr:Q- -
xemod
t Jz tr'-Q
I

t{4 f qJa"a
X= - EPt{ _ f- -q ("
"I:)t
-qq(r+nl
=K"{ L J

Page 64 of 174
\T --

So, foxce }zl (rF = x = lQol t^l (Ierrxion)

9 - 'i n,

ts+ve vq}-ru- -renpir'e; ovgr' '

L' I

ox*umed. dj't\ ix ca:fxect]

Pnxt r s Foxce in iL d.ul. Jrc lorh + Srf o-l'o-ne u:}"en
F G
rhse are .aro erkrnol lrodi-gT-
F G ia o. J
./* lpo shott .

56, E -sl--ya =o.oolQ

loo

Srnce the ynerrrbel ja lpo sfia)&, ji 'musf be Buxed

4 l.ePt 3i px?tro-n Dtrl jo this -foXcel arte d"evelo'pecl
olher rrernbsrd a.txo

tblce r.n -fhe rftenlben 'FG' dtrl. to loch o!

+"* -- X = rEjg-l
[ =ErtJ
o-oolx o- x AE PE
t+a ++JEa) q"""!58)
= joxre jrr Gp du{- fD _IsrL 4*rt
furrce jrr ec d.rq *" lock in fF
"& {.?
-r\FBc = kx
-- :ox PE
Qc'o-o (r+n) = q,

frp - klc.= lxxrvfiE

_.r^__ . ,,
KH
r{a_s_o (t+.EJ

Page 65 of 174
 t6lr2l2d3

SireA : I LD. fi)r Fn4 *I

It
to'u u5

I L.D
"F
Fns

'l

1
tlo'te S

Dul 1o rniili '

rfguratlo.n at n , 6r5en the 1i.nit {oo.d
coT

lA b/o Ur4 u3 , t'*rce irr the. 7nanb'*y lFail i zern

o
-

' (fnftee msrnbsrs a.1q'rr-,*.firg & meynbrtt| G,rte fine-rlartce

U
irt ?d rnember * **) {crme Jn fre co;le 'u#En lo'ad- a'

t' '1
;A bl* as 4 th *i*, '-[oact] Ji g1fr;fl.1 a! fr t' JdYte
.U
Jn Jfie. ,n*nlkr 48 ' $ , RN {Grn#eEEive - So T'L'D

Page 66 of 174
 !:.

,t t
-e
I L D-B Fbll
-lil ( seocfirrrx , s L
.:
em 1,r Bsq mz Z_
(1) r.l D fty Reocli:rn r -*
-rl
-,
*.1 -E- O:row f-r-.o grc#ctr at
:l i Jnn c

ft
1;
,&uppc-rcr 4J,Ti unir Htr.* -H;
i

-i,li
::' -Jhe bu
-l I

def-teclcc za, shop"; #re hscrn jt**r& r,sl?. r-i.D.

,
'ffifl
J Joy Heqc.llrrn aL jhof suppol$,
'EY.(1)
5
a

:i
I 764--4---_
I
1

-l,
'-l
f
I
I.L.D fur Vn
I
I
'-:
-t
-l
!rurrrn1*
,
Vg

I r!re*'B?##.'>releoael
-l
I

\ f n8c ts a smg4e
I

. plre <>S bmr"J

I-L-Df"x Vn

- t-.
I l't-o t'orva
,
I I

I r-L-n pv vp

Page 67 of 174
irj
i:r
..i )
:il
.:]
i1
..::i :

::t
rB
iI'l
S.F- ai qnqJ
II
V
ftcfion c o
G-

.I ---:-.:.-:-
-,1

:.:,

':l
:J
.l vq ,k- q --+- h -----+lyn
::l
:.I
t.-l
J i4_____l--g_
rrl - _J
t-
i:i
llr
._-1

jl'l
,l
i1
:i
i1
it vB =I
5
-{1 -\- r'L1D{ors.F aiC
Q.
.! -
H
a
ila
I:t
if
f{
l
;l
:) CoBgCf) : Unit Loqd ia ,ssrne u-vhsre blt: A4e
:1

l:t
1

I
I
I
I S.F ofi c = |
strnd 'd c 4- "looi< Tr=i
I
*.f3hl J
*VesF -ue $,F
.':

--Vg.
k$ Vg qrtd- cYrnider Hto R4-c
t_:

Cndou-: I-L'D E
,,.+,.......... 9:

laae ci;l Load

'tE
Sovneu:hgre. bl,^, C&B

5'F o-t c : tL:fiqnd o.f 'c' 4 [ook -[dt ] - +Vg -. :

D:ULD jt'L.D foy tve e Csnaidry bf ro c4B . Ci

e

llaE g

To Dw:u a.L-D hn s F .r C'r.tl ,se+ion, cu-r ti-re beorn o1

-lhot -secFron jj+-b rt
& aa ,rhousn ir+,g. lh* orrrecFnding
deflected rhope' *' the beqrn ito.f+ B+t. f L.D for s F qL >4..

+hak se.tior"r . .

Page 68 of 174
 @
"9:

L
,(.:
Ogga, loo Lrrheel lood.s tokN , 2okH . s'pocecl jr ern <rFurt o:re
,ror,rn crn c- Simffr6 beom o-$ spen loTn :
^11ppoltlert
{'1crd1 S'F at odrh}orre o& 4rn -Frorn ,-he ie*f supPafit iz?
:
{okN lDkN
,
i
Q, I
I fft+_lrn
l{rnl
>_
I
I
;9.:fr =o e

f ,L.D -lor sr atc

!.

t:'
t

\
-T-o
gebrrnrm s.F ai t, the. predihy Joad at R.H.s
o.b 'c' ox ,shouil i" +tB
L
I Ivlqxrl s.F-
..
sj .c : [8oxo:6) +(ioxotl;
f(,
., = IG trN.
(.

{',
8uq r ]h *he obo\ne prch{ern rrur* -ve s.F ar c ? F*p e
t.
t
(
t
*t {:
I
I

-t {.--

L.
*l
1

'FeeP
-t
i

{,
15\ &o hr,t CIt LH.s o*- c ct6 x}rotr:yr irr {r"g-rute
-i EI:
Yhrm G) s.F ol c-- Ao[*,q) +lox CL)
*l J+
'*
& -* *to lcH
a

Page 69 of 174
 *he aboVe FYPhiern + r-r:heJ 1oact 2 l(N , 20 K.t-l ,1olcH
4 l5 FFI speced lrn cpaxt ere Trpvrn? orl +l^E s.s beq).rl
*rotn **rght tp -Left .,:ilh 2 tsF-r lmd -[eodi-nq
o
. rnorrl s.F
oilc tE-- QEN "?O IO I5
A

4rn------+*t
ffii* 6ln
lr.l
r:ll
-

r$ coae

B znd er*e.

rsco8e s
Feep Slcr-r CLl R.l-l.S o+ C

fiqr."n: 6'F crt c -' Qxo'6 *Qox o.5 + loX0'U + r:5x}',

= lg't t lt ::*
e
.du'cae- g
!:

Feep &o FN al R.Hs <># c E

t-

I'lorrt c# 'c'
{r5xo !
: Qs-tlFN a: .r
ki
,

5o, rrgtm' s'F a-f c : x.?.u hN (occure u:heri Qo rN iJ ct

R'n's * c)

* -

Page 70 of 174
 @

tr-rnl
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ii i':,
l-

f i
) -t
I

.i rlll
{rll '. I t
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(-tl rrl
':. I
11
1(lr'
,,
t
I I

-. I

{(
-.i (, Coxe cU r^lhen Lrnit -lood ix zoyrnruleye bfur fi4c s-
.-i' .a
.t-

-i : B'H of c - at'c'4
"qJ.t3 -
+v6x ]r
I
[ tmna fiook

-l D:tou: I^[.D'Fd,VBxb4- conAideyblrr;Rc

,-l .[ -+ b
*. ( a-++xb
I

-li (t core-dtL r{hen tr_ood eb bp ,6a

B

*{ { 8'}'1 a-t c- f*rona a1 c 4 -[ook 1+13

".
I
(.: :
tvgxa
'

!i |
DOu-rI'L'DJoY
'")"I +VRxa&coraider
r v;-1zru "i'"-.
blr"ocgB'
*'- !-rr
(.
-i
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( ==-":::=: I

(.'a
: l-o D:tow I L D 4rst B.ti clt ' qnl sect4. c, , o8+urne crl
c irrry;no:u6 frtg. o_! 'c' 4 q,"fi It o?r ernourL 4 + .Jhe

! corrxeryrtlittfi deC-ifcH ;*nne o& fhe beorn itrel-[- i* +l',c r L--b
": jor
s the. 8.1"1 0t thot oecbn .

Page 71 of 174
 ''. ':.:. f,,

i:T-----
': Nok $
?rf S"#. Ioqd is moviln orn #e beovrt. *o gnt morn
CI 6.1..1

-:_
olc , heeP' the "[ocrd "t 'c'
-) -$t U.D.-L sholrteY 1lrrn tlt sPqn 18 moYlnfl onlhe bearn,
J

,.1

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fl
fherr lp -J mafn g.H a-t "c' , ke"p *he hd x'rch firrr
.4
it
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s'r$ lpod &n{L flc -- firg .toad 6,n Bc
l
i,t
Y]
:i! Lrrf+thrrl
I
t
{I r=-f___=-
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--r
I

I
It-
I l- oblo
I
I
I

nq. Lood o-n RC = firgU Jood on gc

f,fr- +*
above csndil-icrn ix:aa*iajle{ , fhe I:L-p. oyclinales
cd rytvqdrnq erd-r U.D.L tr:iJ-|. fe egue.l- + Alrea di -t-L.D
bu
"&
.L oiII
CoveYed U.D bq
L rrprlr]
ttL)'L' " gs thof g,m jA
.. al,so rr1lgry
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dl-t''
Oue,l: p u-D.L o$ s kr,f lm q _teng1-h 3fn fi moving orr
o sfnrple. S 1;-pprkd bea.rn 4 "Sp* lo rn . ry513,mu U ,, *
q dra-tq, lce *b +yn
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Page 72 of 174
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rss)
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t.68
1

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ll
ffit.8rn-ds-tr.s--) J.'L.D Jor B.m otc
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't
.u (-ti *:r)
v, o b
:l
l
3C.'
l +_ - 3-J(
6
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l 6!t - l3-Llx
I
)( = l'flm
'!J
l
Ftor- {irnilor 4}e-
I

-l 4 m ----+ $.u -' -

I

:Y Q,8yyr ------+ 7
.t Q-8 x$-tl
I + =.=Fg

6 rn _.)-p-11..
U.lrn --: Elx!? - {'68
6.,
Ivlorm B.Fl. aI f - rnrcuitg *h U-D-{ d afff_ o} r'L-D
u-ndet udl
sx [il-6axa)
L- L---
+ (+x3r(r-u-,'rtI
- -
Rer.

8-r-1 = Eo-g6 KHyh

tu
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Page 73 of 174
l.:f'
i'a
.;

' Suea : At') -lhe. ptoblcrn + a u.D-l. Gt 5p+iafrn i* [rnny

ahoue
*hon rnq[rnoving cr.n +he bmln rrnx? Bl4 q-t c la
SPqr t, -

,l
I'L-D' tor 8.r,4 otc'-

rtorrn B .H 5X
= []x toxr.u)
6orN-m : '

&g - T+ Toolfe 1fiqn

bern.j3goj rnoa-m I f'1 oJ onX zsech sn r
tD tP aafiSid- ja, ovg
#- cond.iHon U

-tmd rn AC dfg Jlocd rn B c =

.

eUlS + u:hee-l, -toocla B kN , 4 pN sLN - 6 tsN spoced- err, ,j m,

3rn sre4pechilqq r-nove fn q t=.. beom ,& spon 24w1 ti-

urrth AI.N -0ood -tead-rn3 ,f1"m .0eft' to *'g4rt. ToSct

rnorYn B.m aI IBrn frcrn jttt Autppnrt, lire lrrrd*
1?D7- mu,tt be ploced fr'6| +te n&tn il -
.-to) 4 KN (bJ s FH (6) 6 FN telj s tcNl

111 peepall loqdson&

l8
J SF-N Cro6Ee,5 rc, (6+5 +u) rs 5
l8 |a ?
A) { FN t-ruru (+q
'ls - -L <- ]L6
l8

Page 74 of 174
 +3
rl,r*= *d

firrcltr*io'n q

nvg Jrqa crn Rc berci,rrr* nes6 *hon org lmcl o?T-Br ulhen
4 {tN firlac- Cfio,gsf-s ' c' $ 'rfiot-fr g l.'1 af c c.,r"r-{J happen
.

urhen +rru ja 0I C.

&ue,r: Tr] the ohove Fltohitrt, VoIili CI.& fi:r:f,n B.r'1 iB =-

I

6FN srn.4Fu

"j
-,i lArn;---q*---;66
l
-lt
'-l
i
v-

.i
j
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r-i 3
q' lgrn --,-:4.b
:1

\
I k.' lSrh -----+
.. 2 +_ 15
\ rl.5 :3.1S
1

-i I le yn ----* -llx u.5 -_J

t8
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i'I
: 6rn -+ q-5
1
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1

i
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4 m *: $xu.s -J
J

I4(If n) g.u. at
i ! = 5 X3+ 5x3.15 t t1x q.S +lxJ
i-_
: 63-l5FN
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I .\

-l :j
:
i
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Page 75 of 174
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L l-he cfoofen r_ohee{ floqct I Art .not o:t cexfrc)
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sfcred u?"!t
4

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4 Em r{a.[I alw a sirnp-fle /ufPo]Jkd
il
a
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rna:rrYl 6 n ,Ifiirh *iil
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t
I
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ccclgr dnffVdrre i:n the ft*,
I

-N"tt - l

I ..,, thi*, p*,ou** sc{-ion o} the bsrn i* -not

tde *ure 3!O cffmXe, the -too.l-rorr Site,
"t ,ror- B.H Mo:cm.

La) To
6at rmril B M. urnde)t a c*eeaen ttlheel Jmd ,
*fE s{ur-,-Llsrrf Jfie. -tood- agatrvn 4 +fE 6frooaen
"&
Jooct 'rrrtut be o_t eqjrcr.t dja-lsT-tce frorn *he centxr.
The, rnfiIl- & l{ . u,:i-Ql OCCLin" Urder fhe
choOaen' urheel
[oqd
,. L3) lhe- -torcrlion sb -ihe se*,utront lcod ja joura. from
va;t{npn'a theorern
: { i* Tnornent G fsrce G,bout
qn:+ ncjrrf j,l equaf Jp )rnrrrcyrf "h
Srnnt-p{rel c{ ji8
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Page 76 of 174
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t. IOFN l2l.N lzFH
LJ t6trr.l
i,! (

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-, .ltI

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B =LloFN)
;l
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3L = ll.:t rn frorn g
1
a-,
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BTufn pxyblern uyheen_ lod is .na] choo*en. hte
1
.--;
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*uve b clno,se *hq r-r:he1t1.r,au, ulhi.* yncrrrl g.r,r.
urltrI Hoppen . Iy! {his
l

cCIBe ts trN {oad is lnerottr J:D

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S[r"f,+?
"*"il frorn *pE yesu-{irrrt so; Loe *aue *\
-rl
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check the A poaaibi$fieb *f getn'ng- yn*:c''r g.ryt. " r-.e
-1
I. rnder l&trl.{ -toacl + 16 t< N lood,
-l I

ji TFo},rr to fte ttesu-{tovrLr *trn

I

'- -j
i tsj $* of c-tl IG ts 't -{oad
-I Tnffi.m B-J',|. uri.tl kpp* undry t6trN 1oad on\ . The
-1
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l t olher poqglbiir'fies rrerrl {,ot +rr. c*recked.

t

.l_
t.
+{t {roAafUrU.+He- moa."t B'l{' olrdev EFN -0ood '
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Page 77 of 174
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,-
rl ob _ Jq.]sxLl0.g5
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:l h
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8o
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u
x rq .qg -
ll+l
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11

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tH xrq.qs = n.sr{
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;l l-lo-85.
:f
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,i _
lYqtrn B'm al 'D' - [toxtq.ss) + tf Qxt].Lr2J + (laxtq.qE,
+ Lts x r1.52 ) + ["?ox tS.os)
: lt'IE:3e rrqrn'
dnd Possibllitq g Hreln B ry1:-_udgr ta hN -toacl e
_.--..--t: heep l6lrN <-.
* 34g81\r.lg'fit at e?uo-t di6tqTre
-. ,from cen*ve a8 .rhou:n ;n ft3 .

lo 12 t2 3j+ rtctsH
:

t Il .bg C
IE 1 c:

40l I l1
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l
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t
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11'56
r4-lt

T'L-DJor B.t"l
&fE

I,lextr. B.M- ortder I6FN {oqd -=- (lox lt,r:J * trlK15-t6)r(l?^ll.s,

+ ttsxt q'qq + (Joxll'36; Di
EI-
ItB6'g F-N rn .
7'- -

so, ahsobJe rntrm. A.X. occulu under t6 tsN -0.oqd r.e 1186'5ru i- L1' '
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Page 78 of 174
 -G
gIqrre
f: _qqeE R beorn POfs t-= tsr., long < i,s s s. ni po-mb A&fl
/.'
* lo^r-n ' apa:tta overhorrqz p U

t.Jr e4 Rs olre 3m d s rt-r H%p.

* fi tyain 4 & poittf _toac{x t5o i."N 4. loo FN s rn o.faytJ-
i C}lo8,5t-5 Jlne beqrn -iyorn lejf fo JtaBffi r-ur*h lo Ft'r
t, lcod fe^arrtg r,?arnl sqffi"m8 tfrorneni,-:rdu, the tSo
,:- ['t{ -ooad ;il u-rhere ix 'uiL*-t'""
- Iff r,- - Ifi-rilR= Qsotrtt
I
a'
( ? n "J,ITI+
r
R
15?

s*uof^

{(ll:-:ll I I i :l f.
r
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=_-8, q

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=l'u
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l('
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I h- *-+ {xn u =o.e
f'.
.L,
lulgxq. g.q cf, 'D'
i - I sox.l.r.l +{cr(]xo.Ll
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: Uoo f-P16
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s
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sf'
chooae "&
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EP *sre- [oco.-tisn rro-rm. B.],t . gt cccutra .neoy
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rh
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Page 79 of 174
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.ta l

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-:

r.r'D .{oy B.m oi A B'-

t*hen $nit .[ocd ia of g , B.].1 atn= - IXI.
uyhenlood of H:,E-1,1.at A.
-o
Dltqur 'I.L.D 'm a,s Shgul.4 +iS
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Oueas- A beam r-r:i*h corrHlevey' emd.+ i,s CIx *-fioto n in tt$.
I {-,t J.x S-F {uJt' Jo +he }dght luppoDl t A rE ? "}

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fr&u --*-
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Page 80 of 174
 -Dt
ts
I'L'D Fnyt S.p trt R.H.s
"f n
?. B

LoJ t-r-rhen unjt toc.{ -r,l dl BS- 1r-.-rl

+ve Jnt
-ve
sF at RH.s a$ n = ls-rqnd o-t R.l+s o& n4.0.ooh
$r"#rtJ
-- _*+t .tt
_ LAr-D
ry-f
Lb) I^lhe:r j,6 }acl-l-,1 aJR I
-tmd
---- -- (, EHA = o
-,*+ -VpX-t=u
=)
ts?l vD =*t*,Vooctl
dournooxdaJ
YD.e

S'F of R.H.s.ob H = fstrnd atn4-ImKu,f?htJ

:-o
(c) Nhen -lood- ft at R,t-ts .!& n ".
!

..(-.: -.'
S F. of R-H,s of F

= t *r* a.t RlH's qtr- A

t
4 imta {#1
f
'(..
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\.
(d) Hhen l"od .f,s of n e
d-
{.
5.F. at R.H.s ofi A=o
fl
{.,
{.
Nole s

(;i $h rl'D Joy s r. Jurt of o :uppart* jx *rs be

*-c *he -:-tJSh1
G d:tqurr ; GLt ft
&
ar th&t sectn 4 ,-tj+t i4 \ unif erncuvrt -

& de$teckd 6+-ape q& -lfie. benrn j&el+

-tB the* r,L D
's Jor' s'F' iyr that porriion .. 1or t+* seroinrr,j .Lergth
B

Page 81 of 174
&uea: A besrn ii zuljecfud Jo o rrourYrrg cL"8+ribu.1ecl
.i 4 tsH,Tn rmxrn s. F tha1' (cn ocrur Jud fu j_he.
-lbad

,ug*n
"* & l -
rt .rt

ts=**u*-.{-4o*

r L-o lqx s.f. nL- t.

H's 4u
Qorn I
->
srn --+ 5 vr **-]__
&o'., +
,.lhen trood- _rll o.t f
EMq = o + -- lx5 +VR XQo
-.o ! vs+vp ***.ro
L hod-raarrJ
urhen

'+*+
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Duou-r I'L.D a.B Xhor,:rr infg .

pt rrnr.q s'F oj p Hs 66 8- , ke"p *he -too.l blu, p4 R

'tA thotoyr in -l,S

Page 82 of 174
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,-l

il = o[ t+, roxf) *(* x"?oxDJ

-; .)
:

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l t

'-l
E - +51'+{
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Forr Jre cs-r#ireoug beorn ,rfuu:^n frr fguxe. r-r.D .folr
: $eoction of c & B.t{ at
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I rr iA Aomelrrhe;te blu, ACB s-
-I t B e-t B .-
t +orlcl at
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so, -r'L.D {*r A.r"i. ia rero .,yhen_{ood isflur Ad.B
{
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(,:
l"lhen load in sorneurherttg!{D I -

af B = 1 e-uftt of 84 -LooK tiBhl3

I

-: 8.F1.
-3 .= -fx:r tVcxG _ -lx.r
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Page 83 of 174
 fi* JC=o , i.e ulhe.n &ad i,s GI B. B.tr qt B=o .

Rt lL : 4Y11, -l e utherr noad ls o-t D, B.r-1 tr_tB __ -ix( _ +rsrn .

D}loo r'L-D b{*

84 D q8 ,&hot,,-n iy, J-{'5
fu%a
hlfren the .Lood- ra af .c , B.r,?
df g _ o
so, ccn.Rect wrrnJnirg g"L,D q, sJrourn rn
$i6ue
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Js rrnulng d.xorn I4l jp
tormlrn
,,i#i ,* o s+{nrya b"* . ut :prn srn.o}raa)
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tt-m lt- rrr

R B
Yo-._L
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-lt t r-.1.D{cr-,r.A
lt.t

* r-i-'D forve :

* T-L.D Jor s'P oJ'c'

r'L-Df"v S'l4al'c'

tl) r'L'D fo,x Vn 8-

Nhen loccl h .gdmeL,,-fiexe
ffi.;-rflT.
blr-o A4B

EF4g -o + +YAxB.+ It-m =o

v", *. 8 SLltis corut'-ltr ald
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Page 84 of 174
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5 S.f r.B ccrrsl,rnt Jox G-f-0
: rnornent u.,necJ'
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I' L-D cB ahou i", ti8 '

: I
t( 6J I L'D {ox B,'I{ ol c s i :

-1 t. \aJ Pbrnent 'B lome .*>hrre 5lo A &C

(
-.
I B tt. of c = f S+ooa. r:-t'c' & looh tl3htJ
{_

n-
$' Et rrnmenL b1.:n*.J
6r tb) i* "Sorneuyhere b[uo Bac a_
f,,lrmsnf
ei.i
- BH ot c = [$qndafc4&mLO.*tJ
s
g

Page 85 of 174
ar-tr---- -

I - - -3 t-rn f ccrnricnt 't , a-tl -lctu+iorN +Fl

- En' = 8 ' L trnit r.ir,.r.ietx b/.^. Bec- )

5o, D)olo q yea*ion o* shor^::n ;'t {tB ' .

Page 86 of 174
 I
i
I

,l-
.,1
I

J-rr 6
:L--I
s
:dl
.,t I
:l
-r
r SJ::tic @ frrcle*errnirroc9
--a-w
&
.l
iJ
i-1
it bg1-til 4 Slrucfuxex

'I
(lrffeFt8-u) SJrtig El4lE@il ""-tDs);(Ds= D,se.to*i)
:l

r
"IJ',Tr-,
J

r
,l

:F
r *---_ -l
.t
ir frrlrrnoi- .trnde+crrninoc5 ( Da ;)
I OeeU uoilh irrrrno] ) ,
f
-1
--

t J xuq..fi,r"B (on-t fixce,s t

tr
,i
in excea,s.& e+.+UH uF i
)L eguo-rio-ru '
)
fI
I' rtle.na{
qrial
{crcea-arre
I {orres-F 4 B mJ '.
'tl
.Cdrrcept lU s'
-1
t
Bc+rrrsl- :lndetcrrnitfg io4e) "" .gt r"B Jhe rn.ofr Lnnhflotnfl
-.j
\' ,XeocftOn5 .irr eg..iJl"l * '
55cce65 o6,
I eguoliana
-x
{ \
:{ (. Er' Ci> fq)rBeml B-
'a -/1
-Jx .
t
I
f
-1
I
I t'
(
I
i L

i t No hinge *el1 RBcD fu asing-le piece r+b*d.

"-t
( he = }t-s
{' -6*3
lg f--3
-t I
6r'
i
'-,t k:i
4
l
l
' .*.

&'

Page 87 of 174
 :cl
a:l
:-il
:.1
J
:_: i
::l

S*
-I

-3
-vl
.:-'l
!l
.J
't l $& u)e krrouy the fiecc#crn.a al c 4 D Lr-rc
::l
, 0fr S"rd, g H.
.ii-i Gt B, c,4D ' so, 8.1*1 ai B, c 4 D axe ro* .txmtrrt
.'lI
._-
:J AL LlnhTbrurn8 but fiornezrf eI n' fu fufen .
.3
::l

fi b/c afrya[ u ankrnutn

:,i AuftrDtt rvurrrnf JA develofrd
.:] Gt h,
(s)
'-l
..1

i-1
I
EErrqc
?a
J-.i
:l
i1
3
YI
J <
J
i
I

b =)l frlere is a h,rge b)

'- d_
1
"f

fal t-}on)es r-.

D*e= $-s
t*-i
$1.= 3t-2+2.
- r-i i:

r6-id pAote
. -'- D,se tI -3
=
.
,

IE=q
[f"fouu -Lire a-l
I rnovahte fi:ced I

&CI4 tr&q'rrncq ( as;) fl- L supputr J

-u den[,\ -''rh irH"-,.iox.* lhof uoe ccrn "not fiind
,*? equohcrns o& rg,tulibrrtiurn -

,:.'

Page 88 of 174
 .j
6
t &I @rr,4 s- -Tnefie -[a rrs jrr,lcrro-l inae+yminac.
I
*,ia
i 6, fin b*,m (btc t$
-l I
.1
(,: [De krnLD . ru fhe suptrrrf .vreoclrbls , Gr co?q jrnd crir +r,e
I

-i I

I
I
j
I
ln

1
l
.; i

l
(-
D=t_f" $ruEses * rr(eJ_31
1

i
-t, I

I
sb ITI = 27* 3 --+ &rkt, ;haNe f,nrs" .
r^rl-(2J 4J

rn< ;l-3 -) Delic'rent @r3 unatoble -

t Tn > Zj.3 -? rnlernar fudurrcknt fru&3.

Dxi - rn-t2l*3)
['i] tbrr Romes ,

{
I

(
( = r.t6.*t- c"ta
fltce,.ssostt) to open
i U

t',
C-[ oard celt.a Tn l?n ]rorne .

I
3 stcrrrd,s -ton { otia-L-toxce , s.F, B F4 }
{.,
= sxJ-; g.t*qr.ei
= lwi
('
i t-
t
(
..'
:t-ntervlc-t Jaxces Gf on3 cuf seclion =3 (A'F, s F's'n,
l i

t., CsrxePt,3
I
r{ slatic TlclerrrroirncLd: ( Ds= Dsi + Dae.) { htiurout
---------f---.--. .:Hr"#qT. * *t
L
l(t-,
I
:;l
(i) frn Eeom B

*
I
I
I lr
i
bs -- ofi,o - DBe = sr-s i'
iii lD.s = v-s I a
L--J
i-
:i
!.

Page 89 of 174
 ;>J

-1r:]

::l
i{
J
l:i
=
:J
!:l
:l
'l
',t
DE= &e + oxi
.J

-iJ
i
:J
':)
:il
1:1
In+$D
.il5a Nhrre
:i .

i
.--: rn+J-t _ flo-od pnf,trpp-ns
:i
ry
2i=
I
:]

it Trlq{ c& e+Lroficrn eg,.fubrduvri

t'l "rD "s.
{ nt mrh Jo.mt , Jhg4s axe .? eryuotr'crnr o[ egui.u66,r-
J
:I
I
'..]

1 ovailohle ( 5x = o, Ey =o .J
IL
Ciii) ftr FHorne x'tr
Fincr 6,py piarne g6shouryr
inJ+'g.

k=3XC
= 3xS

IE;ETI

fum -71fl "

{rqr.t ,5htr'c -lrrdetevmirncX
"-$ {rarrpg , Cut *he'
|xorne dqch Jfioh eoch lra)'t "& *he Jrorne {ook:
-tfke o- xtob{e. csnJrllew, +r*n . Then shtic irdel*rninoy
= 3xc
Ds
.: :

l.lhere, c = No. o.f, ciliB alereE8clt 1o rno Fe strbJe Conli[e*r

l
frorrs- '

+_-_-

Page 90 of 174
 l
!l
il
'j
l

:
j
-1
Ex:a Find b* Jqx *hq frarr o4 shou:n -irr -t'
I
n3
I E: BXc -- .no G; }lerctiorra
uniler**r"il trHfti
*o rrnke *fiern Sfuh,[e
can.FfueveL
{rorrtca
(

t.
Ds- gxg-r-L*l
1 f--vJ rry{ -frJ
crt0 cis cfe

IJqL.*
t-

f'
:

,4' ftncticrn cdded af

a

i
I to rnote it
Slohle cq-n$B/elt
o'
Rsadic.rr addd- o$ 'r'
fo rnoke tt *obte
rrrn+rllercy

t '
h.3 Frrrcl Ds
t -
(.

(
t',
{
SokNra
I
t arnffynal
Ds= .*C - 'no. ulnge.
( 4. Reoctirna
- LmfficeaanxlX aclded Io rrnke *hern q_hb]e
(
co*Iileve *rsme .

( --Bxg
.
t-{-r*2
\+ r- -?_r
.+ .:. r_-_r
orA
- arB q.tc aio ofr*Ee
(
Ds;i-
:._

Page 91 of 174
 Jtrp:te ix an fringe . SD, lr,:o rrrrnerrta
-lnlo^no-L
0}le OftrnCe.S.SoX{ adckd JD mokc *[t qB o_ xigid
Joirrtpr"b)
bic 3rd rrnrnent
-i1 fcrnou:r jrorr,'.p, l-Lihxilry?.lso uJe dedu.lerl
goJ 'D' -
(orrt"
/

sl(z: Flrrl_ns -_-

-a*q
u
-'{.
Ds
= 3xc - tno.4 :te+icnrs Hmqe
U of ia+he
ynembgy
unnerc-56..,% Htnoe
- J-
attlre
odd ecl JbiTrt
3x1 *g t
t_-J
o*R a*B

EE
Auea' Find Ds -
;: No- eF cr.r-l-x =g

ft= 3x c ; no o[ oeacficrn* F
C<

..-
E
.
oelded lp roqke
ryntilevel -t"rorne
-)

LJ l-J p_L[
T-J
a-tA o-hg 'oJc Jo-rntx nxe ui6id e.rcept
Yrlr ,ffi af A, gc q - t'-
,7

\+{*, !-

=W-F.8..1 af c
Nff-g. Af sLlppxt k' 3 rnemkyZ a)
G) G .Iufiid-
U
Jojnl- , LDe *nve -r" jiil.H",*",* E Yfitke 'c'
b3-

Tti:. .1,,r-y17l'11r.i-1,:.'r-, c.i -ii:,1

i vr;li-rir:';i;t r"itt,;= r-.7r-toJ. -lc uPrtr\'-
r l:::

i:: :-

c: a.-

Page 92 of 174
 Fi. .
t-
iB )^n6^r-rerlt yeoct'-ron q-t c. .g3, tre
.-J

l
Substrac{ac{_ J aI c.
t' Suea; Fhd fsy
I Ds *he toul Xkder. rl-etr: izr t,S
I
1
W
l
:
:;

*;i-F
1

{
,l

,-=-- Rigid ml.nt

INo 6;*.ot
Hirse +htE Jraa+'rn)

}y#-F eqch msnber

fon rtaf xotrle
J/ .9{-lhereix a *-rin5r
at R ecrh n***
-radeprrxCerittu .

ccrx fioi.fl-tc
D.8= 3XC rD ot,)teocfiorrg, u.nnec(u6tJ,J4 irdsPerdeltf+il
<'dded *o moke t|-ern s-tet b-Le 0
corrtilever -ircnea.
= 3x 6 1*
L
I,
-.
-Z
.tiiF. :r-i-B

J
t\ Itr=A
Ir I

l
:1 . Atn,ofiernoment
ilr j,+ oaqeO" io
*rmc+ior5
1t
J\ rno ke itaa \
J(
t1

a {r:red. supporlt .
((r I)
It
il

.tI
i
( fft8, D steocl-iona c.rte qddd -to rn:ke j+ +irmd s{-Lppo11t,
'ri
,t +
1\
I

1,
t' . Ds -.3XC =3XtQ
I
:l

tr:iu
e+ce,0Ja'ln ffahok
ehoKxo-

Page 93 of 174
 KFnema-tic Trrdeter-rnint 1C? l"r)
tDj0>rie of fleTlom] (ii*;
Ccrnceplra G)

Page 94 of 174
 "i
-q
.-i
!
.ttl
f;
\-i il
'j
&u*d, sll 162 ( G-B)
For -the trLgs sho.^:rr in
L.i
,l
I
i: +g. Br-ie i-,n tr* yrsnber Rs
\--;
:i RFns to
*l
-s
r-,
.))
,ii
-d,
!r'
.{
'l
:
J
\--i
't
I
': a I
I-@
,1 : :

L-i1 l--
il =OFll
I i
\,1
I
\{ 1

I +n
\ -, 1

1
t'bfu s
r1
** Tnerrber- p ,k rtoL
,t- ',1 ":.* V -{ooded ot q3l,inkr*"di
;;ffi":'ff':l,#i:Y
ftrrr
I
LI
I p.rru crt -the erufu.
\-l
I
I
tt"'h loada* ?rrtsrnbey (iL b
V,1
i
I
alxo coired jffik)
i
v-)
I
I
l'
.=Mr-o - tr;*, * t,x+-rsxn =,
1
I

{
i
a;
+ lFp;q
\-i (_-
I Ccd RS bu l_t
1
\-1 o
i

\l
I
e?ui-Qr"byi urn o+ L.H's + O=O
i
!t Z l.,lu __ o
I

!l I
I
fFq
l-ur,-,plI
r- *y=J
--FgsxU=o
=t-r
-
I
'-j
i
\_i
&uq +elqr r hr.R\
ihe 8irder -shoun i" +f? ' I'L'D'FoY
.-li t-, w- , -) Foy H- -Prrre
I

I
m t'hc. yylglrt#-r looy lz obtrrined bU -
-JI
I I
\-j
1

!i
\v

Page 95 of 174
 B
Ft-o'r,6ifl *iI.-
-
$r+ur (olut o.-

---F6u
",r#-*
mu-tliillivrg lhe o+'rrcftj* I-| p__{"rr sFmr irr +he Pond
LbLr bu
U
ScO

- Cut ,Lo ur bU O-O

e"dtll *b L.H.S O-O
"*
EY: :o =) .tVr - Fu.,D, CoqO =O

Ftru, =
ft;u = V, strg (arrryleaaivg)
funet shear Tl
e
,ts t'he u"rrbctnorxel lerbr.ca0 fuJ,!_e o*or\ Jn
ony Fcnel 4 *he- -trrsS J.t Lr-:HI be yr.-*,;+u.r bA i;dj;ee
:
mefikrs 06 the- fnr8s in that ptrn"-{ '

It3),. DruiclinT -lhe " oydilale ob I-L.D -foY rynrnrrrt 'c1g

I r" bU

6oEg { Lot-r

ftrt Lo u1 bu6 O O
eguiUuori"* c>& L.H s + O.0 tpe$oie "Fuu' uX ita
:Hi'"*
+ *VrXLoLl 4 F,_o u, Sir'lexo -F,no,(aEA^LoLr:o
r V1 AtoLl r.r.a fi-r rnonet aI_! t
CoSOxroLr
= Cors? x LoLt

. t3l DiuidinX "the' **l*f. oL a'L'D to.r rrPrrerrt ot L," I Lrur

Page 96 of 174
 jl t
'i
,],i ' ka-
t:
( ftep-toce -i-heJorrie Fror, bU itu Cornpnen[ aiur
-:l :

:l

-l EML- o =) +VtXLoLr FuUr Stxl0 x UrLl t Frou, Co*O xo,= o

I-f-r, fi*ve--11
i L+ ve rl
floUr Vr X LoLr T..L.D*ov murnefitalL
=
:1
:l sino'xurt-t SinO)tUll L1
.t '
.

'9D, I & 2
l
CI.HC G,rrBL-T.
-a.l
J

-j
i S*
:l ft'tittipteo* @s-
fhe ry*errn-[ e]ferL eA a
l
i

j
J
l I
-f*rce ra rrot chonged urhem

-'t
I it i^ ptepioced ongu,rhexe
"!"ng
it8 Jjne of ocli'ot' Br-rt

inter 0-!- etfe.t -.U chon6e

Brkrnal gfred $nt-^ncr{ sf-Ft
eqfribbryium
len8try)

slu-[l"byiq:.n Cornpuessio-n
P

fl-'e bearn Il&D aT *he_ rnsuerre tr-rrs aB

&uea'. conaider
slur:rr beiou: The $nprerrcg l.rrre H*8" n) --
A P- c ;

f-*T--aD
l-----r-fff
+l a'L-D 'ior s'F CIt I .

trf d5
.[ a
t'-i .=

'i--- :
1

L
fl- ,\_
-tJ-

Page 97 of 174
i<-'
Krhemottir fm det*,-rni nac
"h fleedorn ; (DrJ g -
:

(1) gt js Jte -yJo, off frdependelt ctiap{ocerrfT}ts ln a. A*ructtue.

( *fre 'no' *b -d-Sptocrynerlts are courr*rd
""r,f a-t the Jarnry)
(4 *+[ +hecis .FT* o]t rncr-hna0- chorTes orr s+vc-l8+t
:rrrrnbu rneela cr cr-rytYd rnernbe':r -thero those locGtbns
oXe tXpct+er"{" OE JOtr\t5 '

Er tir
I

l'b.6& WiTlt = 2 \frt} )

{ F*ree end rh txmfud a). a, Sornt bfc Jrc clschorrffed *" +
Er.tii)
. 2& 3 axe txmled oz :ointa-
* 6
qc $initht rnernuers
$F rnember.
aHe meeffTfl *t..e C
.

Cuxled rrrerynberz aI *hexe

Lrnet o fi$t\d
rrrrrberj
-tomtiotr '

(3)E:or- &v hrns .'-

A
tq)
E-i=1 dH='o I aHg -D
Av=o ! AVg =s
o =oJ Eg:-o

Page 98 of 174
 : ' .",

rl-\
fDJ

W+n
ri-^-j 3H =o
|
!P=* I 16p1,rv,0J .6V =o
I-D.-o &=d
I -*--l l

tc) Fird Dr.-

Dp --
t-J
0+?*2+2 =G
A uB L-JcDu

Dts : 3(4 rno,',r*U axe. irrecte,>qL Don,l e,o1gok .

r- o'-9oJl 11 =.AHo =,dHc: o

Pt_- : Lu

eS B O-+& the, me.rnbeps q-xe ines]erxible ' then }he de{or-

Yna-tlsn al& eoch rnernber tn Ltt -oa-n difl -h *et'
pexriStrq.
@ +b ndhing :A ^rrrr*imred, Jhe1 *vmi Jlre Trerrn$e?s as -
ecjrnrlh.le
gJ Dr- fur Etra,ser e -
r.r9E3 // \
Al eo ch rdrnt in a-
t1-u84, *hse, o-tte tiDD
incrgendent d;J;r*"o \r*+r"n *b -.m:#*'
"tY, ( Fbrriaonta{- +v,Tt,-cr:.lt Drsptrocerrenl) plofion 4 th.
m&U::t in a- L-{tt# ia rnof orra"r,CereC (4. 4, o tnei-rkr
fislafr) , *trr--,:r-t 2L bd yneqnL tta-t -{t brrcA-tc.{ . Jt rrfraris.

Page 99 of 174
 flrot ihe ,*tlrucfulE fi-led fov o +"fIsC Strftrcks,C ,*he
j

l$e-sfidn "b itmrV Dr coi-0j *ot axi.te )

ava
tr
B'

avs)

lE.;tl .

c
.R
Ir.i
lrr
[-[Hn= avn -A;;
|
!*_- . =AbL=o
guq ,L3)

Etu aHE?
I
, $1e --o-l
8ur-l:t3J

= t l o*u, $'rg, o9, AHc ,

ln AVc, S.J Itrr
LIL rnernber;
oYle erlcrrai.b-le)

Nsl-e s (D *i a su6id rdmt ivr o fro** lht rP'4

inueprUerrt, d-r'xplocernent --J'

Page 100 of 174

 q *'o rnembezs ore in er-Ienxihje ; d{ornulrcrn .&
t-mch mernbelt
,
i-rr ,ltE coy,l dirn j,r -no* poaaih4e .

,t^ 5rN4'
-t
,l
Dp-- 3 lur.0,,nlalu
'q
4\lB-= Avc = o

.-t
I
i
trH. - trHB
_l

\;{ 6 -+ Rr o ,r,flH ;rdrrt .. eil r-neyrbr.s

:.1

firtak b6 lre .dorne

ti '
*-'B-0" .so u)e +,,ve Jo o,nsic*y
w< ilaftthon
:1

\ t '' ?"bd
{ Jffi clJ -yrrern&.s meefir1 d, *nI JoirTt
l'l
l

,l
+ R* a pimed pirrt qtl rnerurrcrx -n ' i
Jtn a t'{u,-rr.
$t0/.r:r_k
I *mdryndert'-lrd. ,So tt:e ?xve io cou.nl &/oio.,io.,
I
e& aiI vnernbura nreehn? GI tho} {drt
I
i,
t
EY. Firrl Dr.
{
'O (r:o+an'o-ra, e*raralalton)
I
(
't-
I (
i t:'t
\_

t. rr {axo}o}i-, -Je
t. ( ' {tranr.lahoa)
i- 'c
(

( 4 Fuurrbra
e frcrnslohcrn
{

( f6tr = wl
t
!'

I
-:__-^

Page 101 of 174

 .:
:

Oue*: Fi-nd Dx 4- Dr

$t fl,s &
f,bint @

= 3;c - No-o$ ueocliona added *o rnoke

,Strcbje GnIiIeUrr

= 3xu -l _z

f)".
nIeffig6, in Strucft-r-rfa S _
(t) A:cial_ -Thyust ye-tEoae
s_

DF = +
{i *nsriasn+ql diaptmernents,. I verliral
dhp-toceqeTt, r yoh+rto^n ?
tal sl^ery srelgge B

?f =+ l averh6{ drap-tcrern$tt , I fioljaovrial

+ 'I xobn'on 1

Page 102 of 174

.J
'..1.

*l::ll r

II
*.:l
!lt
I

t3j l%mrnt .Heleqxe *

-,ll
1{
tr r -
J_ ( *irge
P-loqlrrq
Sr
-]l Dk=+?*ru,-uo*.
"i r ve"rtico-t diaF^{crcern errL, r *oyt ircrn+ql cl fu p{acernent
*lir
I

I
J
.tr' 8t{es: piyrd Ds 4 Ds
J
I
--l
l
vl .t
t
1

vd't
I
:{
j

-l'1
-l
;
rlo, oF Cut C= 2
1

I
r,. I
l & -- 3xc - r'lo 4 srmclionx added *o tnoke abhle
--i corrli.tereY
I
\-1 I
= 3x2 ..tI - t L -r
J r
ilc olH qtE at C-
l-tr=4
1

*,1

l lg
; tDh =
\<-
|
i
I
\-l
II
-..
"l I

I
..1
-1
-1
-li !r
f
*l ,

I
Ii
ti
:
i l'
\-1
.L
ri
_l c.
ts

Page 103 of 174

 StnbiU+H *E- SJruch*tea

Eccter-n61 lrnkffn-t "stebTi.i+H

S+oh:i i+q
,- U
D.# u:i+h s+obili+t
+
D.Lb uith $uppftItt rr:Tthin *he,al-ructtue. I

fieqc+icrrn

(r) Erc+ern(d gtbiU+H ?

---.-
,F* lfie ,,rt:tucture. io be.Ueejrrnalt+ rtnhle- , *he
rn'tnr? ( caweanoncl"rng fo thxer
egrrotiortS *h eguiUhXiurn , -Ihe. jJryee &teacHor4 mut

Ey. j.

E ry*r{ rmEbhte f e""r"re'frru unxbbUfrJ

alle foro-ttd ' so, *F t'
-lheg
[ffie:re cre- 3 xegcfiona h.rf
- U
o *ovrizcrnl,a-l- Frce lrt app&ed a xi6i* b"dfl lrqnslo+bn
occuvl8 1-e- 1t {ovrnea 0 rrrrhotisTn )
Nqte s
Jfiou*h Jhevte .ove 3 vteaclisru Jhe 6ltqqtttxe -rLl un's-Jab-le-
. TEen ft 18 Cal-{ed Georrel-ncqS- errxiebXe s-lruc*trlle '

Page 104 of 174

 _:l
l
t:l
;I h.
(..
I v.')
.=:
',,{I
I

,jj
.t srlcnrarifl urr**eb_{e ( s+afrca% uastebte)
,,
,1

{ I'lrl, g
-9& *he veoclio-ns airre
i

!@
I
I
qnd- the a+n:ck,,ld
i kcorne urx*ohle . tfr-n it-tl cq.Lled dtaltco-f,Lu uyra*ehtre.
. 't
l
I

1
i

,
txtl
'{
1 I
n"*""{r8 ,unskibJ*
i
I ( fieomeh.fcolll .

-t
'-'i
vrlElo.hJ.J.,

'I
&8 s Eou6h jh=,;
.l
exe J Heocfi'o,x, fl.? ore
!l
rhexe Herc-*rbvra 6-,c,.uen1
I

@n -vrat a*ter qxH ye,sxiorre

so. it -r-s rp rnornemt.
g*rr"u, ,aq",*;il" ,arrucirure
(21 trJ,qr14{ sjEbi}+H s=
gi dela toi+h
*he /fuhrtry cuiih i^n +FE ,6J.rtrchrne .

Ev- I

Hn--1
*J
Rn 'l ---\o--
A\ ./'
slabie buf
I
ir+erna-tS
R?H bo% rrurrnat_t Ll^ns.|ablt
,}{slqfi'crn I D,to Rh',d *it{ rpraho.n
( I{echonisrn)
duq JD hi ,g eJ
so. fte s+r is ch'*sif'ed urxJqbie,
"+

Page 105 of 174

 t

/l tr. U-e--s----+
\/\. /
D,,
T'lechqni.srn -fo:rrn* in ABc
So, urxtable

B'tel Fo)r lrrussed B-

["]:
r

Hnt A

VR Vg

m=-g ' + =2.T-3

urxlnhle
-r
r =b
-a. 5=QxGJ j I
.j-}!ql.(i3
. _ah_fl rn = 2J-3 ia eftsyea- , ihffin can nt,t
Flclnet
be :rfxiats{ bU *rl*rpanetr ?he btusd. sb, Jfr
"b
: shrucftutu cr-[.[apxu dr.r_a_ ts panel r*,eor'
; So. i* ia
C-!q#r.fi"ed .aa u^115tob_le .

(b)

lhe Tn-lernol pqrd DEF

k
strptrrl l-ecr S6 J rrrrnber
Jorcc ez RD, -rE & B F .
___>A

.HA

Page 106 of 174

 : -%
"f
Li Ail fhp
( thnee {e}re.6 cr,,e .*=e}irq o.*. ot=. ,,,irrt
So, >ti*fcl
bod6 fia:kdio.i" fokea p_{oce U
J1=oo *he pane0 DEtr , -. . so
* *he
'
Srructr-me i,\ *oqsi.{ied- o^ Lrn,fe,hle' ,

6uE: TFe pirr

'z*ou:rn
Spin*ed rbruzs RBcD * ;upp:rlnc +d _:J_r:rrKr
a.B in .f,5rurre Jhe .sfrr-rkse j-B

LAJ stoh'c1lril un8+ab-0e '!

.i
::
LbJ stobtre dekarrnirrje
".J
:i

'l Geornefriaal? una*ohle

-i
'-l
')
I 'Ptll stohle, jrrdeirrrni-nole.
I
I
,l
I

I
l
.

,t
!f

(.
i

\
L
flsaa.:
sflnce thc *%uFFaxtod,
t ^5-- crd_ thrtr_a. jr.r@con.**r
. j_t,hkr
bu
I

i jJ -t,: geornehiccfr6 urxlatle

L ,.1

{_ Euj'tr- Foy *he. 6il,e^n Ioaafr6

{ *he ,s+y. o* AFprorr ia ir6 -
t_',

q'..
\nJ $rs+brr
jr.

Page 107 of 174

::, : j-rr:-'i_ l__

::' G) stoble, cletervnimte

(cl .steUf e, irdetrrrnirrafe
' td) N6fle .

0uea 3 Jh-e z*vucl-uye .shoufl in FB b -

tF) utnErq b-te

[B) s-toU-te, deterrnimale

(c) s*qb.l.e , irr)defermmotE tD

;
sdyee
Ld) stobte, iTdelrrrn;rste' t'
"?dgrxee

[r-;p-]
Ds =- 3xC - vtmcfiorrr added lD-
No 'otr
moke f,helrle ?ornfi,levev ;

Q- e e

<rta atB c:

&reA: -The. Atr- shoton in fT iB-

tH) wstah.te .

I sloble .detrvmirnfu
Lc) s-tqb-tr, f-zrdetcrrnind
('l) Nonc
Tfl= L 5o., "xYfrnoilt unaJ,ablt '
T-o
,r
-5 Dsi = rn-tIJ4J --l
rn < gJ_j
Q < ZXZ-3
-3: drTu5
Pedutr*arrt'
I-i< 5l

Page 108 of 174

 ( Irloie B
I
rrnrrnber ia cornperrxaH
ofu qn oddr#ozraj
T"
*Frqyiaftl*l-[
,-0cclc
yteqcHcrn ol +fe. /Lrppoort. *
so, :{tuclurre ia'
sJqh0e. 4 delerrnfnotc

-7+f rrlrot:

Angflxra
tjgqssa ifrlelerminafo *s+ruc+tute; 8-
ll

:
Lfo.*ltub "& Ccrnfiheoru krrrn , Fromea , cleilech:cn o$ 4rorneul
tI) Analil1iZ cI CcrnffT,eou.j fum e -
-l
'Totelhoc_ { Deyet.oped
to) nqornent dislx"bui an ry H*ft'c:qss]
LbJ slofe dejlrchom ,rnt?-tod, {'Oer'elup*C 6U fWneY )
LCJ kalix Hefl^nd ;

tD .1% PeUIons Theollcrn 4 3ft*rnbena

(4) I*hrnerrt" d'tztribffiort tffl:r,d 8=
ccrrre$t; a-
'.i
I
I
ttl (4rrl"l o\er Plyrrrnt tc.o.r.t) g-
....u'.
!t
j
1

mn =?
.**u6 owr rrnrnenb [ ff h devehpd *o ):nohe slope zerootnJ
to)I)
.rnduced Mornen h
tutrl
Reoc h'ng l"loment'

Page 109 of 174

 '. Tf i3 *he ^rrnmerrf cleveloped at ons encl drm *o GpplrE"L
rrprneruL GI {fle- ofher end-
(oge_.t t t{hen Rrr e'rtd -rlr fired , C.o'r"l
YN
e
Cq,I-z "" t{lleln Fq-r e:td {,t Hingal, C'o' Yl = zrvo.
Mg -- rnlappl-ied rrornrntJ
C'o+'l \
lu'lr+ =o t o, blc , a-[ope Sn need qut bmrre*u*)

CqE9""3 i ftrr Grnfi-fl.ever beuryt. o)t\l .. -m

f r.o-r,,r' ia oppai'|e to :tv

-l ? :
aPPIf ed Y.rnmen LJ '

.'

(. 0 .r.,1 o"4qntJ
[tol) .:reryh'rfi i f

Ev.
qrr#e'
E) Cq)utjl cr/Pr Foc+or ( C'oF) I -
.-u
r* iE fhe >tafio o| indlrced. rYqmsnt.+ appl,ied mo).nent .

.$ tU hlhen Err grrd h trxed -

i

c- o. F - It'rdqcd rnorneht.
Appllecl ?4o"rnent
=# =8..t#fl*+
@ecii) trlhEn fut end: b hinqrd -
c-otr 1:.TY o f-1r<k
= 4.14-= ,Trfl

Page 110 of 174

 @
T"'

-dr
cqser ii, for cazr*fl_l slfls lieqmrs ,
t
{ C.O'F: r.l'4
A't1 -:J1-
l'1
n -^
) C'D-F = -'1 { applied- ftlor:rr.'nt 4a. n. ort* l
L spposiJc. *o eoch ofher )
i
_bncepf:
(sJ stiflne6E Rrtor(s) s-
t.
I (: It B6 *he mornerrt
L:l I
rl
t'
t
@,
.l
{ qn-if .>rolqhorr.ttf a A

-i .l
f'.
3oimt,'
I
,t:.
t coxe . ti) r.then frI end ia 1ixad,
(
s'F(rl ='I+a
"-{
I
:

\.1
I
)
fqse rii) Nhen FCIH End ia Hin3ed,
I
.J
\, A Ba\ Mg_-lvl

@=T
I
1
t- 3ET.
-, (
.S.F TSJ - -u
1l

d
u
I

I
\{ fl:
Co:er fi:rr Coth)eveY Secrrn, 5 *--.
6 iii_1 .

,] :l I
{:
S.F. {.s\ - EE
.t
I
t t/4n

'*-l
..
s 0B=T=r
\r G'
1
L

1
t
tljj'

r
(onceDl: P.ql
\i
L4, Rel*rivg 8fl1n46 [ K) I-
e,
:

A.
q/
- -r+ ia ihe- >ulio 66 rrnrnent a$ farrrlia 41hz lpryth{-la.
-1,I

s rnernbgr .
Y
.-r ts
s
j

.,i
:l .a
af

Page 111 of 174

j!.

.j{
fl
,:1
!ri
:,1
t:
r=
fi'
t:t
'il t4lYn fuy rnd ia 4E-f
il
C.Us -lixed , lA -r+
1:-i
:'l
il
)-:':
'l
1f --" ?

,1
;,
:l
:i'l Caaet" ) Nhen rfuy erd ia H'rryed ,
K=*f
, Co/r(rrt) Nhen Far q"n4 ia
fxee .

Eg
DLr-a. $o flee rrd ,
-tr,he-; FIoS 4 tte

crrrrepb"'
ts) orr fuctor tD.tr.l g-
It f5 the ttotio jn irthirh Jhe-ed fiawtert tn ) i.4
opp-t
shayled U,y y6xiou; ynernbenf rneeiing o1 a Sroizrt'

Page 112 of 174

 :i
.:! .:. :

:l
-la1
':7; *
-t t
( ' l'lote ".

"1 I
i lhe Aum *fi fhe D.F- t'ox alltnernba:A 'rne-fi*6 r;f o.Jolnt : -{-
-l

,l
-:1

-l
{
'-rl

I
(

,t
1 !

i
Grrreirt t.
-I
a
tO t{omert Axea lq *hacl
-) (o) rt f8 a ernf onaL6h'cal rnelfxcl t"+ryd ano*4
I
dei-leclim
-1
,

evrf;::ma-f:j-izuesu'l-whe*'r'Va-frtwa'nedif@iavr'
Aengt*x + *snding fir a:ta ol B lv'D e c'G c+oruea
c{.,}hent
t
0h B'm D is ilmPle . t^

( + tb Molrr's lhsoYern r B

(
[:
q.
ffi*- l-*
LaI)
"o"patd,o,nw
e)o.lllclinr-
..{F- - blut
,* }he
( Jhe onale I^*^*l
.the Ao }ongrnt* '
i IB=EilGI
(
ckourn on .the . elrrarr"c -tr-r'ne , i

( '-l
B'
a-
t.
*he Bl',?-o bl,o lhoae { tonTeni i
I
F--._- a________>
t

( drur"ded. bt E_r
t.
t--
d Is=El
i. _!L I

8"ii+D
tt

Page 113 of 174

 !F--'
I fYohrk 4ha.rern _jr Z

.IFe aevialiort 0t point g

o'*il -f**;lhe torgent
( ie t= gg'J . il givrn dt.,u,n ot,q
V lhe rnodrtertt
I

4 J+e ayta o* the

B-n-D about I ctt{*e* ny Ef .
{r^'- #) uheye i iz
ww*rled t:rctn BB, .
.. -.,.-

[s = Bg' =- 4gl
I

| _--; Er II I

ISJe e
lo Find ao
-

rs+ 1frrd aaing r'lchv5#ncrerr>

Bg'
i ,.7},en r.frxOp=BB,

Eu%: For
{l\- *rrrs i
.the beorn ,a*o,ort h Jifl sfqpe of a rE --{sa} _.
r^l

t-

:is
l:

,-Y
:

:-v

i'-
E:

E
la

,:,
a.

.I =-Xa-
dq
.D
L--
t!:
Ei
t::

Hi
. E:

Page 114 of 174

 @
,[x Orr * BB'

0A= BB'
-[

. (*lt.t)i{*,rt,)
Et

XgtS o-
f=.cp , yneorrE, jt jis a sugid rnembey so, rnelrrbev.,
ttJ
Sc r-u'r}-[ notr bencl Sf s{enrdrl8 (}J a ;1. -t_rrre aa
shoton in B,?
t.

a
t
' La) rn the qbcnre ppblu- +ry deJ-iec*tbn al cen*e ia_-
/. ':
.,r Uc- - $r*'oo I r-o02
P * u,Ef
't&
r il tDJ3
(-:
uc - nstr
t.
i &t*t: ftmrrie that f- 0.t1 -l urherr fov end ix -fired-
t-.
i' sR=o r"1B= yn .aptied'
T?orne"It)
{
u":,q B'M'Dd..& P r1a
t
t-
o-tcrne.

t
Mg I
B-f'l'D dw t..t"tg
I
+4 _=l r,{s*c.
tl a4 UI
tr
t-' ; |'

Page 115 of 174

 '1, ..
i:-1
-t-:
::i
:t
,a1
,'**
d
E
3
.d
:.'l
,.1
.J
:l
1i
i
',:l
-)
;-l
EJ

EI

:ll
'I
rl
:l
il
.i
r_l *>
.{b, oyheR Jo.r eftl Ls
fi:red
('o'I'f s b. +*.
a

due;:
.s'F (sl : gEg urlgr, Fat crd,,' y'{.rerl .
A ra .

tk-- *=S #

Stillne,sa t"i{"r = f;,= momerrt sgd fu Frod.r(e ufll+

Jld-+ion '_- rnB,
8a

oa= RAI
.s

Page 116 of 174

 AxE A !F .

t4 [ r iS ^+]
| + ; _irr, * l/,,
AA' = :? _
EX [G' ^

Yfi 17
4Ef
gg
= 4Er
hi- so, sHffne** le.rtor : ;! pg-
__
Bg
yn
;t--*
n"i', :.. l

\ LlFll l

-l-r,l
-[q!!1r*

&tuea: R ptoppect.' csrrti{arrr 'rs

-Qoaded (B shoton in qt6. rrt
'Ai lB \wrlmt

i
,n dd
/
,..efcD;rror^t
tlotst{m
;
(-' mA 1+
QoFN

1. l=;?ot'11tn
t- 1f'o-t}
*og Same dir\ a,l *iat "s "Niu4
(
poFprrn
t ,-!D If-l Cory?

.,{ CJ)
rrwnevlt T]1 -fhia foae'
IBJ "to +"*.S.:h
1
(9 Qo "" c&)
t' B
t. LdJ
r{o ,. .. {r)
tU-L
;3
{
es!'. Fiad rYl A .r
('
A Rerrrslc +he csrrfi.ler" pax+irn +
{^
rs srcftroce it bil i*^ Ynorfient
t t-rlx{ of D a) ihoenn i,, f5
q*-

{F
r

\:,
Page 117 of 174
 ideznttca! , frt'Ls rmrm-t iz *is*ifuM
Yn - UJ!
=3- 5
since *he j"t exd- J ffu"{ , W o#:thi{ zrnrrrnt ta r:axnie/-

oVcv J,3 'A' So. ws/r - pr

tr)H =
e. 6.

Irrtr-rced rrnment'ot 3
c'o'F -_ Cpg =
Appf,ed rrnment qI A.

fflfl=H
yln
W---:lL__L
:

\{\L
li
tv
tr.=?
+,.r3
-i_

.:.
:1
*
vn=S hB =f rn(Ipduced ,tnrn)
^n = 07
c'o- Pr -
i'v

Yn B.F1.D

?:

l!.:

Page 118 of 174

 @

Que.A: fov fl-e tun+ifleoLl4 beqro slnurzr

, , O.vnorltflt stqrtttxt{
in lio ta
FIodo(e il yit stffiiort aj I tB --=

l4-_+rnW B ktA(P6=r
t',, =
[3f),.* [1F )_.
_ 3Er UEf,
3t,
h=sE?l
.' Egg, F.Ji -ffie Gir#rneou, Imrn shoton ia
af B l4 /r6uxe . mornqrt

tzFNlrn

--t
:r
.J
I 4m
\: I
I

.:, i
.;I
I

llvu --:s-$
ru
.-1l
l a

i 3 5.1S I

I
-7:78''
:i r .11'7f I I
I
o'pSr-.N s-F D '
I .?u Eil-nr
(' I

t
t
0.6 I .:..
I
{
,.:
--{=Lz lSlgl= {q rr}b
I
6

-i
t- B'r4D :f, ' tr-nq=i,t^
( Iasgl Fid"erd r-n,mnn#-
I
i t
t.
-t @".CIn*rrnpt irn rrnrnrrldial-r'bui'an mdtnd. g-
<.i
t
,\ "rra
(
O c,mcf Lo"Xe exd w:Drret\ts aHe fuhetr oA $eJ4a*h"cior f
-i (
uriEe erd fi766ypffi AHe -loFen aa
-l ( -Ve urhi"te dktailuhnT
, the eyd. -nwrnenla
<:
*i'
'-i
I
tJ'

Page 119 of 174

La) tuB3ir7 ts rl ix ioken o +w 4 Hq1B?n? B r',1 iB 1oreno.s
*ve u:hi,le dmLoing I )'t'0

L3) Axic.!- + sheo:r aefenrrnttonu <*re rr6teckd +..CIfljd s.t"l ig

ccrns\decd -tn llre' omal-idsi8

{ken oJ +ve 4 grrfr"c-0eE o:ix uotalt'on5

$) c*lcrt.-rciae floto+iCIn
' cDle *ok-e'n aA -ve '

tiil

H"-ot P.o-c =2
t
tjii r

*,.*ut +i!o"9
-lI ]L
'm ..

Lrv)
-IB=A-
R r:

fl.;_
c:
:l \-

va =ff r;v
t:

.D ;._ .:
\

N" ' of P'o-L :3 :-_-"

:-.. \
-.-:
: -.' .-

l. a:

l -..
Li-

Page 120 of 174

\-

'i , .
.,1:

!J

\J
c . Step- 1 Frred erd l'4oy,ertt 3-
u-.i sPan RB

AMB
l

-l *Jou t-u-L?
= - ll -!-lx-U.z= - l6 FN rn
_t
i
-r{43 trr:-t 2
lL I:t"
-:
I f ba = +t6EN-rao
"r gEr-q1

I
m+nc = -# -gP
= = -uFN-yn
il,]
I'l1cb = +U KN-rn
;1

.I

-l
{

'il (E) D'rx+ributifi foctd!! B. r

I

Sk ": Stb *.til orr mernbe:t ia rneettng of o frnt ,*heb ,[*J

D.F. ?* crne '
Sq DFAI frEC=J
t lember kl*r
I

BR 3r
+T. o,5
: t-_....
*3,r.
I.
qq IE
a
(
3.r
+tl
f
(i
i
(

I Tdrrlt R B L .:
(
t
D.F
-F-E.Ms ru t"{. lIJ
r 16 - Ll
LT
tLl
rol
tl,c:

'-,,
+ 16 ___J
(
Rut*03" q a6
t ' ('o'm *--- 4
( +g -a
gcf F'e.rn5 O -Lc\rl
-r<L{ l*
r-b r . ':i
G 'l O
B*eo,setL:{t:Uton t-a
I
s
s1:
E: _---/'-aJ-J E
C.OH r)
le- E
s trirnr crSg6yn. IJ t -t5 o
' )'l

al

Page 121 of 174

 B l'1 o1- '6' -[n the sPtrn
:>r-." , D:r.
. BN LLUU DC
Bc = l5lcNrn ( I^"SS+"EJ
0upa: Fird -the ' above pxoMern 4f,e ,lupgotrt sreac# orx nq r*le qre .-
E stp s- suppc$lt
rI Ra:cHorra 1e rnaxt+J

(r) Reoclton* dus -:q fr-r Lt) pt'r (u) 4PHtlJ

,1't
to aPPtie&-'tm d'l
(9 Rea.f*zrU drr-qto
end- rnomefltS fr =SesKN{.I,) 3.rs( +) s.ls(+)

VA = io-i5FNt+) Vg = 35'5FN [4) vc -- o'fl 5 FN (tJ

e!!A*,2
EB- .

O s.F srder cr point tred ',s jrrdekrminafu *rE1

L,)h? r,)e- calar_lokd s.F 61 R.Hr o& a 4 LHsq& B hrtnot
ai 'B'.
B' r'1 excol-r#
uldet' o. cou#e iz r:nae{..,:nino*e TRo* ij
*U r-uheae uot' th.,e ia
o cou+lF r,.:e ccrrc; B H al.'r'Hs i

4-R-H-s
'b fhaf coupJe. but not "t *r.r.p_te ,
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triO ..so. DF 'ts;al8o
onlu I mernbermeeh'na at A AeYo.
Af
l6irrt
o"F- _J
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o.s Lr l-o
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F E.Ms o o o
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ol; I

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c.o.14 +!t --'.-
Nef F-E.t"ls. o
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C.O.M tL
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Fito-L end -t -q +Q +8 -g
t"lorvrent

3 n1- ."t A = I tru rn Lno61n7 )

gg!! : Tin *he above- psrobtrern ,, Jhe /slrppcvt xeoctrSm,r .,:,,e .-

Es{eP'. str:ppqxt Rcc.t-ions taF{oxns) **ilftj} rrJ uo"
t*
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I Fec-duc
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el) &.d* 4) o.rsrxftJ tb-r.a) 333[f)

lo mrrs, -A
q =.ts(rl I '/
5l'-r t+)
f'rrrt Fcth. VA
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fl+u. = Flfbc. =o I nlUr = -F?x3z

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XSIp s- D'F"

Tofrrt K p.F

BN Tl+ o-5

BC
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flB f,a

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mF$l?r't
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6- *-*; Q.53l"tt

-- ro.tQ5
A-53|.H
4-
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53, fuiol alce in AB .= .?o-Qs F,N fcm?r)p?

1

Brial- Joxce ine = Q'S3 Fr-r ttunr1) -..

gs-EL"". s.F.D l

, B.t4.b , A,T.D3
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, rrxrrrent ol- p is
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:9fq- .- - loxLl
88 l= -strN rn (
I,lfbq. = +Et.Nrn

= %tl trre-t"f
cb = tlOtrHrn

ft--sleD e D.F.g
'Thste- qxe 'fia ' D'F' ai W:rui"B blc Lit a flinged
Jcfnt - B.F ayte caaku:.nfud- Jol .the rnerrnhe.ru rneeil*VaL
a "rti;[d Jo-r.r]t o nL+
a

Sirrt .| Hernber

' 43sEu. Erd tYloment D'Etribuflorr

.loTnt
}F
' F-E.F1s. -5 t5 -lo * Io

ftsls,re 'B' tlo *..__=

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Firg-l- eftf i*lsme"nt

Page 128 of 174

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firve <-t}}ou
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, }}rica-t so, the'lrom*. -to *he ti?ht dw- to *roxi<"rt$

=,r+f
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- -g$ *he frorn /uucrgl duL lro app!.it* *]orieon+al foare alone

+hen it ta col{ed Pune JGrofl '

tB) .Noj<._o"
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decble -t.
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t-, cle$echng ' The tsome r^rt"It al,ao Sbqefl jrr the sqfl]e 4;fi
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F-E.Hs aXe dereloped*o rriirke

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duet: Fov *he Fxorne xfrarr-n .[n +? ]fre xottb og F.f.vt dur
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nryg: For Jhe Frrqrre ah:u:n in lt3- Find *he Jorre P
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NutQg r.- c, ' meon8 *hg

brom *[s sd6icr- 4 it u:i-01 -ndbend*
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ff:e co-0urnn co:fu be aa x*otryt in ftr

,*9' lF- Fro'rbr Fra-me slnron y, 11tr. ana,tgaed 4 +he-*ftwa

ra{.urnn rr,wnentx aJte *rrrl to be q,s shotozr in *tg. ?fle
valur a| p f.x
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6u prt m
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eluttribriurn d enfixe s-krqcfuxc

EX =O :) I iJ iz also catlecl sheoY eguolion J

-) tP*Hn -Hojo -6
Gl-r.rmn HB 4 cb e
r[) rylg!=4
^
t3{}--% 3ptsHm 69 \cH rn
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tTom eq', U)
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u u., r-r*ra-t fx the o:cfal p l,re
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LT' Ag ?-
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F B'D ot ft84 CD

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f. r+;,r r.5r!,.-
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t -L
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B

6 '&rn' id dis+rfUr-lect- to P mernbeY q;il)J so Ims; = mB;-Yn

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Page 135 of 174

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(l') fi,orn C'o'n Ancept *
t"lR =f1 ,=T

S*lnxtcul Method* fn I*!'D'H 8*

Ll)

:*

kAB +
+sb (r con*irreotrabecrn tB agrrmetrtal ilt,
+ *he. Cen*rre
u
i,lne p,w-t *rroug*l fhe rnid. Arr.n: *herr Jehe fhe
\ S+i{tlrda crnilted a9.n a..,t +*r*
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"6 "t ih ox$inat valus 4
I"nU out erd onrrneyrt di*Nbrton tov }rlt$ r6ftr* Learn
*'A ' coith hi rc. slg,rr - *r+tr'tc o-il the rnornctta tor.
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Page 136 of 174

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l,
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Y -tr:jtrlfrn
Borfrcrne .
I

-+& fhe box'{rorne

y ,oprrEtricqr obou_t "pars, *hg1 rorxis,,
"% a guater 'fr.orne *?ko*ent aia+rib,-*isn is carrred otut
only on yoinf oifh ytelei-ia. sfi-J_flrea:a
u .ahor,,n in lifr,
=.*
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t{rffept t"U I

knq # kec #
l
I
t

I
+ ol-r= 'cL'
.-*.-Y'
c
t
=) $$ o corrtiaeoua baqrn s
{ sUrrr,fxrhl 4 *he centxe -0ine
?asff& t*@ Jf duPpo,rt , lhen
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aA $hed ,:upp:rt 4 rnamenj
d,ttltiUrr*Uo j,l currlkd out rrnfr
-for +cd+ *& the-
t
kam. u*ri+e, fhe. /y)me valr*lt oith 6FFa6iite
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UU: A crnhrnou,t bmrn -ea -hndect aa .,rlntop I'ur 4+gu:e. l'icrenb

i
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Page 137 of 174

 AmE
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seps rfl*]ztbutlon Jsclor s-

:Hrrt t'tryn bgr k EK or=fr

I rlq
t
BN o-G ?

B
#/s
*-+=+ o'.3 3
TE :

rrldsrep B Erd mornenl oirhtitrrliorr g-

faPnt lA
D-F

F. F'IT1

Releoae(or, Bsl-

Ftrn} end.
mornent

tYrmenf 0* A = &olcHr, (HoSgire )

ftrS+eD"'

d:
au (f) aut+.] +(+)
f
+( f) Rep@f
e [+) i :(+) o
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Page 138 of 174

 'l''

bo:c -i"uome Sbou:6 in tgtx. . Mornent crl A *

r1

r"nf-fl,*
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-/ern@
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v

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# arfls , otrL*ronr gualer r$
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or' : ,

aon8tdaecl diEffibutr-on ia canxied- or.

out o1
Tcfnt crn-{-L,
a
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rst sieP s F. E.
rys -
3
f stond ,irraide *he -fr"orrre *0ooF at .ll-r.

fu.'lla J

{j': O srqnd herxe'

{:
Hfou = +lII- * L{xt
= lfNm
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t
ly+uo,
t = - ItrNrn:
i
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n.r=#
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Page 139 of 174

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o'a3Fi{m o-33F+lrn

B/l t;
o'3}ts.tlm
Bra
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<-- flrn
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B o.ailrx- 4rn
o:a3El,rh

S'aarr+rn
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R.'l-{-l) o'3aFrn
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Page 140 of 174

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LJ Pind - Dr, rulrn

furd axe jncrlenx ih-le (oYJ qriolrg ru6id ta'u
qrio"t de{orrrnfrrrn t cf,}le rre+iegi b[e.
ulc
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,ln fin ro.n6;-
(
,.,ol poaaib.te,. -

tu* = Dts t'fffi;fl - u'' e| rnernuer'sJ

t
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( ].qf s. .$+ the . Soyi<cnn*al
dlr plro"rnent ,b 8,4 r dlle
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l(! *$ F
cqn be {ou-rrd out ta

e f'om .cornHr"niuty corrdT so, dnrg orle unhnourl of,.tr,

s -r.'e Lgrl is corB.iderecl , u;hen *.,rlron alre- ine1.knai&lc.
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Page 141 of 174

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,l
I
;oJ
* oJo Ieve{J
I

o
I
I
1

I
I
I
:
.
O 1. B- f *r* n rremtxtaalre jrrer-lerxible|
J
(4

fio
IEk
'oB EO
"*"U r& cry uoirrt ia
no.-b po,sd i bJe.
on trg

Aq CD
F@
o6 Ou**#,verrul /
"l

IrEErsf { "rr*n -l+,eu ore er+enaib-ft)

fEt = tol t then rnernberz i3rre- inexJerxiAlcJ o- qii61f
I Cle{o:- rnn l-i*r u--r't.:- L 0^

Page 142 of 174

 \ll
'-j

:il
Ti
-1 t -dtsl_e Ccrnsrl6y'rrq lJ-re beom QB axlaJll) rtisfcl Dr i,E -
!- ooJ .----_--------v,-T.
,] IP
*, LA Searn- A-R.
l @ avB '" ^btoLum,r
\-"1
.l
{
"x{
-l
:!

:l
i1

I
:]
Ll
;l beo'rrr ia o,rril xigjd r* yne,n4;
"i
1
1
;:-.?
deFrru*irn in ia ,bt
o.ia!
1
. beorn poa;iue . but *n;*
\vl

{
depnrwfrm db fhe calurnni4 alre -posaihle .

I
I

.-l
I

:I
\-i
:
Psfralasr3
\_-i

\-i I

Hil ri"o Ds;F Dr

I

e etd. ii alao * Ja'rril

I \3)
t"

t-:
4l

c=Q
Ds = jXL+-l -2 =- g

Dp- : e,+ t ig rrrmbsx a:re ec-py6?hn{

Page 143 of 174

 tDH,O\ (Dv'e)
d ,

t e, 4- surq*U. (lf $ocr..0eyel is

\9r9)A'r'e
sdmc*ol\ troinB .

Dh = ts r*here 6ria.t-de1crrrno}lons
f are rrgeigihlel
'= Qu- ft"' ^(t'J
obttldrnbeYt'

JDU = r{.
-,.+

aqllB (t-[qo) -+
- v

-N$*O-I6* t * HBc iE '6ippoxled

rt bU 3 _links
a
u^rh-ich arre
rlon trXAilel .+ -ncrn co?curuEnL i So the *rr-raa fg
eelernqltal -$obte
a
. m=9 Usr =)1-s*J-3=o
-1-
d --t) r'

Dsi : fn- t&J-3)

: g _("ur-;)
_ O llfnkrnc]Jil deba'rninafu]

Page 144 of 174

 aD
-f.
t-. Ds-Dxe+Dx,i
:-
-o t So1 *!r#."% &+crr4i;-n*e e sr,qbtej
,

'' DL *IQ.

FJ Fird Dt. .--.-

t
b;.. mernher a:le
6c
=-r I {8H,0)
mlerra"h[e3 .?
:,
:D
= 3
t |g rxmnberqs olte o
_o'
irn:ctcreiht"J
tat *, ge. s.l

Page 145 of 174

 Strope Def-Lecficrn lei,-nd
{ oere-{oped A6 maney }
:
F

sUl
CrrrqPf flope_aeftreclion quafron* e-

GrnY*nB)

rn{ob fft;hB_

IEI'
.+
/aF-Ue& eo(A 35{" .on (c.o'ncJ
rrnrncrfi) Y
I

I i-+-,."r1
ry s e,:. appJtec*nnorne,ntj

6ErS,
{"-

ed odding + dtlected. slapea o& bn""" , rD

flof ++r"q
de+liscH- sho+e . So, u)e-.or] add + r"r.OlentA lp
ffgt +*"rol

r"1pB --*ltob +T|BR+T r'. Tp=#"t1"T:ilil:

l'lan : irlflc. t xH sn + Si- s 6-- sE{E = florrnnto} 6

Page 146 of 174

{'
Rra:rxongirB -
-t,-
IYRB - Wrb + f (aoo +sa -fJ .l
slope - def-leclion
I'lsn = iYfua + ({oe + sn -1L ) eguoflona,
$L

(oncept P) .

: n*aUrnp+roTas t:n S.0op c{efiee}r'on t,lethod.- I

l&s (JochLoise grd rrnmerrt ig la{(en 08 po*itire. + qT,Li-

c-ioctr u:ixe .
fiDcr. rnornev:F i,a to ken aa -ne6o$"vt r-,:hlfe

uxitr"tg sbpe delllechon eglr,elion

tBD so?fli'B B.M' ig *oherr aa +yre 4 Ho6ging B 11 1a ken oa

-Ve rsfi'Lle d>nc,:?ng

U
B-f.1 D .

(cJ Arricll + sheorr defurnrolronx QIe neqlected

..
tD) C-Qochr::?Ae T&fu+igln b1e. +eh.en O +ve4 rntic-trocL qrt6e

,rtrfol-ion oxe 4ofen AA -ve .

yftScff ihr tne -tef* sttpporrt' .4[ th" yd6*tt suppon[

,(E1. I,-ltth
si-n h.r ctoonu:oyrd . fhen 6 i,5 'leLen q.8 +ve ,", rhat

sPcx .

rFl ith xespeci +o tt^e I4i stpPrrt , 4 1i* w{tr

N saPPrrt

.rr0/e uFrro:rrd- , then S i& -Ve '

Page 147 of 174

 'lo
5et [ 5=J , 's' -fE tuhen (r4 --ve' , in srpe de$ecl-io n S.
,.b{ 3

(D fr"i s{"pe de$eclio.n -rneFhod , *te ur krouma anre A,rpu

s- de[-lecliana ( j'e rndeperderrf .lr'aplocemetrtJ so, 4 ++re

F?nermctrc -i:nde-re',-rnixacn olt lrcgnee o[

Pedo1n t,!ilu.
W, *her o6g s,D,M. Jp -i{"nd *he end mornent* gu}ckt-g
t4 =The ,r-io.
-& e+us*icrns Tecp8salr? iyl {o-pe d+JI rryf,,d''
lp f$.nd :th. unrhrrnun:

leouE beqrn m frrecl <rf ffi+', end."6- '

Thd mo + egtlohona nere,*san6 in s D.r.?. *ia
LA),
\/
3 tBl + (c) 5
ID) e' "- -

..

Dp = I ttn s-D.H, orial deforrrrlio'a; ore nq]-L"ceaj

Agr-D
ndE
Le) ta) Q)
aB,CI a &,85 6c,ap ig noJ hnorl4 .

DF =5 { i$ tzre>rleru aXe extert*ble )

Page 148 of 174

 I
r-l.]..
1l
:l

-:lI
rt Bia
a

' {. 8qI, fux the **:Lu, bftrn xlc,orr to t!

';.1

vr:
4
stup* ?
l
l

-1
I
tacllm
t
l
t'i C
i
*:i
3

-l 1
r$skps F.F.F15 B-
1l

I,tpu _ -u.rtz: l&xq2

ls = -16fN -rn
lr
mlaa = * l6FN-rn

(.
1"1;uc = {grN-rn
\j- t4fcb : + kN- rn.
ag

*l
.*.i'l
i o-+P * .sbpe Er-
ae$rcFion

*[
1
f"lna -= m+o? t
$[aon hoB -+) t *o= s=oJ
_l gEf
= -[6 t
4- [o +0s- o)
I t
.l-:l
,i i
-i'vl
= -16 + E.I
I
,J

-f, .t
x _ 3Er
[eo6 +on -T)
*$ ( ttlgn Plfao
'J_t
--t

I (.
,t-.#l
.-i
,1
I
- +[6 +ff (aBo +o--q) c

-t i
i
mBh = 16 tETog
.1

I
Bc := ftq bc +$[ass,
(.

?Bc,
i
l'1
'+)
i *- -t6 *+ t+se +o-0)
i
t l'tBo.=-tGtEfD6
I
ItlcB =- rnkb r -1i! (.?oc + se -*)
r'
- trr + +E I o*oa -o)
.1
= l.ttEl-les -m

Page 149 of 174

'. E@.8 e?ui-l-ibriurn egtio]r'orr5 s_
DF = r (Oa) ( crr"al deforrnoHona ne6_iec+d)

So, uE >te gui-xe oTle ?,_rj l_,,hXiurn e+unlror .

rngR +m$c -o 0

F,* +eroq] r [-le refos] -D I

EfOg _- o 14
oteryotbfi -.
At o Jdnt .
-b,
r& +r," lum o.$ F.F_.yts we.- eerrD, *Irulr .]epe
0t fhot Soint
I
fi ?ey.o .

raP'\Yfl
,/, B

G TF -
I
t
f
tf

t1
U"?

&ur{: ftul' the

frorne sho.on in #"3,r1u - flrd *re snoF ot rr
an{,g{ t6E}tYn

Page 150 of 174

 )
@)
a-,'ll.t.,
I
1 '..

.1
i--l
1
I

Il

I|
Ii '
+-,:
,t
I
1
{. 6q4, Foy ttT e corvltrleailz , b&rn X*prr:r-l -rn
$ s&p" rt Bia ?
I
.J 1, I
I{rlllm
J
II
.1 "
*,i .1

!,i I

-lt .l
rssk?g F.F.Fls B-
*'i
L-l
I
I mnu --+ls : -'1Y' = -r6Fr.r -rn

t-J
1
-l
mlna -- + l6FN-rn
L-l
j
!J
I lY4uc =;lsfrq-rn
:,
.t
:,{ Fgcb -= + 16 kN-rn

T +P
u .srDpe

f,lng -= r+rcb. t $[aon tsB -+) I ut= s=oJ

\v.

-lG * eEI
4\ 10 +06-
o)
i
.

\
[-
Mgn Ft{-aa
,LF LesB +
on -$f
\
I
: *[6 + aEI f aoe +o-o) *
,|
lmBF = ' ta +etoB I

.- {.

.l
:- -tB *+ t+sa +0-o)
:
,.i

'-,II
1
( I'1so= tGtEfD6
.l
I
=- rnkb r 33! (.?oc * n* -1L)
'- :f
:l
IlcB
'l

*1 :.1
a'
rrs +ff[o+os-o)
I
1{
t!
16 t tEt es , -lte r

Page 151 of 174

ii-
', $:I@.s eg,ui-t;briurn egr-ro}t'ort5
".*
DF = I (Oa) ( qxl'o-L delormotiona ne6_trecH,)

so, trt Yte gui-xe oTre egr-r_i-t "hxiurn enunlioro ,

rngR +mgc -o o

&,. +Eroal + [-ta tefs6] -o

Fr-ee = Dl =5

ohcryvofbn - _.,tr
Ai <r Jdrnt , r[ +he luv,n F"F-.Yts WE- *lr.n
"$ Sbpe
et fhCIt goint t
W ?eY-o '

,/'resfB

+
.{ro
-{. H"3

8u4: ftw the f*rn* shotpn in - +]rd tne s{-oF at g

#"g*.
ar*tt{ tcrhlYn
tef$lrn
C-

Page 152 of 174

 @
i
i
L.i
I
1

t_t

f s{ePs,'
I

--,1
I
Dp : -r. t saJ
-I ,
!i
I
i
FoT ccrriri0e\cy beorna slop d"f' "?* cirn nsj be i,:rd+bn
\--l
l bic +Ye- e'rd- de$ectx
1
1
i
So, ule YalLX"j1e r e?d,L hxiurn qf
1

!-i
l + nl8 + I'lb6 = 6
I

-]l
\-il
,
tstrN
1
1 Qm
vi
J

vt
I mleo = FIBD --+,6 FN m
1
I

{
tvygD -= ll6tsNrn- .
J
l. o. ,o
-iI rYrsc bc +eF laosgf_
v'1.i
I
j
#l
. =-16 +
I

*l
.i
t
t
teo6; Y
I
j
= -16 + Elog
'.-l
I

I
,t
HBn _ o * 'ff r?ss ,f'.{)" -- -
._t
I +./.
(
I
'*1 = EtSg -
I
(;l
--{

.-l
J
I r +16 + [*te +Erse ] +[ sros] = D
I
t Plen {..lBc
vl
lI i_
+*
q I

i
*j i
&rn oh "i'e r.n o-f B 5 O, .So, 0B O
I = {-tmoxrl
YI
vi t 8'tue4 : I:4 -the obcne puoh[em rrpryrnf af B -for *hr rnernbey
Bn iaz"*.
I
I
,
I
{
1
JI I,

--1
l {
t;

>J

Page 153 of 174

J.r*-l*.

gg14B

&6 = 0cE :o {': surn F f.rk --oJ

GIE&r A pxopped cazrli-terrer is .loaded os slrtoYt in f3' s1aPe

..:'.,
t'sFNlrn

tr=tl !
So, r{ 'r,s }ru?d

fqsn-; 01-o r;

+ l'lgq = trfro +

.-)_
o :*#* FrasB)
+Er or\ -urz
.t 19.

-- ]
t-rJt
G
qsEr
\ -ve slgn indtote* qrti{:lq-h0tse
: Yoto+lanJ

Page 154 of 174

 @
?.fi5'f'91^ :t ;ry15 - grxrtu=Bu I"lethod e-
-l
i

Concept* UJ B-
-1
*,1
I stxairr E er-BU sto-:reC jn *he r^rnmber duq lo
I
-i riqi:
-l "?ET

urheye IVhr: B 14 oJ any salr'on x-x

',$b f4 ia cor:ahrnt ,
,*
U = rn'l-dr-
J &Er
l
-tI

(fl.)
.-{
Fmm Aa|pnjrno,s *heorer-n (E)
I **
:l
!l
i
)
I
-.-.-__ '-_. --_+ I
l,q * Eu
afll
I

I
lU--l

a.u
VEP

l*
S:J rn- $=--dx
E:

I@?- To f-incl the *bpe ox.C$lecfie'l al on6 'Poirrt

*"ff *heoyern: 1r) , therre rnqst be 6i poTrh
.okfi-B.[-rono',s
lood olt morlenf crl thc-t -{ocaflor - +b th* is 7lo trrrb
-toad. o'g6ume QY) irrngmrfl pt' Lood. . urhoae \&lu j,
Xem o.t fho.t aoca.iisn 4 +ftd the {ocs*isn ol th6t folnt.

Page 155 of 174

ry'-- ---'-- -- '

' 6uees g; imc[ Vertfcal def-fleclr'orr 61t 3ohrt c lqh +he frorne
F

sl'nu:Yr -tTr frS fiXauryre o:iq.l deJcrrm*lo'nr o:tq rtegrleH-

B m +t
-C

sohdion
:*
l*+s+epg F.B.D -
P

_ .+J'
t*lr
.!
I _]__ I

Rq'r
Lq+eP' sv. --
J ttrB-t=
r
sa8ginT c+w),' Hqgi"'? fts
tYlsnbg DI4:c
E?
Jt+* EI
:

-U
BR' I L-arl (-r) dt/..
\r c
_ t{8_ttt) * l(P
Jo Ef E-t

Page 156 of 174

 @
I

-ri
1

i
!
.l
:j

. _ i
'i
fn *he qbs'/e p_srotlgm ,fr +t^re verHca-A_ aefjecI.crn
:i
1
1

qrid.t dr@lon d1e no-t negfftibte.

* f,oir*. .

-t
I
-t Svc Det-ltrl-ion dLil Jo bpdJ'rB * d$e*ion duo 1o
l
I
I =
-.1
'!
qz'nl loodin6 .

l
-li!
= Jf Eh* * =1 r rdiff
J
,'"rnember oBJ
-l Er 'FLi#lot
{.
_ -i
t
1
.-'l
l
a
!

I
-i
0ueA: ftu the "J.fifrR shou:n ili.S' trirrd +he- *oxiiln*ef
'-i de{,cec}ion
1
I
I
pr"rrt 'c'-..-
"b
-l
I
Nole s- s?rre lhue. ja 'ils -teYizan-hf
- Xoact o-t ;roirrf 'c',
'* .l
a
.:
orsur^ne crr} irna6i -r*4il JroYtizsn+&L -0oad {H) oJ c
\l
I urhore vn-orqo* JB xero aE ,ghor-,rn i'"'' FB
'l f

,
.l
i
(.
'-, ,!
i.
'i

-t [.
I (.

I
I
i
-{
{ i
-_1 I
l
_-) ---d
sHc x--3mr(dt
i
= J* aH
vl t- ET
{dHc .&
r[nr*#
I ( tternbEy' t"lr aFk
-l t.
AH =
--1-
I Bc -hc o
(
:(- {,lFIp-Hr.)(-x).,--
r -_ Er - Jr = 1r-;-f!4
{: BR -?':. -H.rr - ro
I
I
l
a =*
: - .a-t:

: u.
a
E
---g

Page 157 of 174

 &uea:

rI-*-C

Svg =
ET

.
r/|}-'
= -P.r =*P[RCbBs)
3t

cl=

5vg (-Rsino-dsJ" (-Rcole)

=
- Er

sYs =
''t'-" ttf-
+5 t ll'*o'sins'de]
Svg =
_-EE- rI cofe [ ^/, - PR3
Ic*'t%] - t"a3ro{
EI \ s lo
=--l
-
3Er

Srej: Fov the pxlol ftome q6 Xhorrrz-r. J"l S5' +i:rd J*re

fPrt"tr"-t clisPtocexnetf "& *he uoi-rrt n '

Page 158 of 174

 @
-a
toFNfrn

+ }hele iB -no *,oyi:on+a-t- -tocd o-t *he soirrt 'D',

S?'nce
'H' urfmae vo-lr q- jx
'l88u"rne aYr Irna6hr-y prnt load. r

TerO 06 Xhou:n lo!+rlTn

I
c
Jt+srp: Firrl suppoYr

Vfr = Vo = Sot<r'l I- n**c sgmrne+%) "- - +rY-t

-4-X
l.f-
iL
t Ex=o
't
(
=) --HA * H '=O vR = loFrt V6 = gop1.1

t --) FE;HI
(
gljEp s m1r.ffi -Ax
t: srrp =J EI
(
rrrr 3l?rt -.r^.
sr4-'
( ttlerrrbeY att'bL 5r,, = aH
-l
{.
* + Ft:L JET
;[H'44r.
t
& frB + H.)C JIHr'ja,
EJ
&
,{: +&oxr- +HxLl {eo.:r+qH -sr}J u,dr agE
6
V
-- loxrxl!-
q
l: I ^-Erl*I
:L
ETL ?
: +'lry'*o-eul=H
6

s;
s.
a

Page 159 of 174

 -@
.:

Ir
.jl -Et
!.
JI
1

"l JHnre HrNe e ARcu ps

_..1 /;
I

(r)
ConceFt s:
**t1TSd
I
-l I
il

-J,'l
t
- :.1A
t!

11a
( Houi:ona!,
l +hvuat,)
-x1
1
i Yn
I
I

-{
6+qrd' of xx + lnlt )
- tr'ook

= ivq-x - HH
B rl ol xx - LBeom rroment)-fH'*ot'rerrt)
(. coni-i.ugicrr - so, ulhen C3rlPorecl
ts
u:ith A bgorn c$ sorre sPQil ,
(.

t
t
ornount *b H t
(
L.GJ B +rlr5ed oxcFe.t ale X'laficafig cle*errninale atT +hot
t ia u6hq *b qr-trry airne , LDe can ftnd oJU +he
{'. a "/
t Lff pgDLD,DE Jy) *he. avch C

(,'
( D = )-l-S
(. Hq fla
fr:
$l - ^nD. 4 u'nhrror.rrrt
t:-.
td'
,ltmchon I = * tVo, q q,Vg,HeJ
e
tY
3= l-lt,. o* >x=o
d + u?r.lr- *-.3 [ zY 7
lf:

=o I zm
s. " -o*-1
I

g ,i,
ts-

Page 160 of 174

 it rl_:-

,ti
: |ddifiano-l- e1T .+ alc=o :-
B'l{ @
B= )t_s
D= Q*3-l
Y

r$ A 3*in5ed oxch [poaqbotric arrch) ofi, span qo rn 4 >t'lse

Qtrca:

4rn ix stbjectect +o a' pint Joact qB AhouYn it i8 - B'H-

ato is-
loE+t

T-
+m
Hn
-}'F1 I
.4 rr=*
B
lorn-d [-"Porn

[0 suppo:-lt fsqcHon t
=MB = o 'v

-)rVAxqo - [ox3o -o ."

-\ VA = l'5 l.N

E! =o
vR +vg = lD
B - &'5lql''l

B'f'1. Gf c= o + {s+end of 'c' 4 [oo1. ,"ADt]

=+ +;dlt" "u9
*Hxu _ o
*li
s-

';> H=5o-:l3-5F-f-J - {Hr3 W,J

.t{ l:i *
- t.t-
[:-:
ar ._

F-i. -
an

Page 161 of 174

 I
tv;
?t
.il
l'
-.i
*r I

Y
'1
. Bt'1 ot D .- [s+en* o*''o' 4 looh .[e[-ti
i,:: '_-a

i
.\.5
-,I
\l
-'l.t
I
= *fr;'o - li'sxj
= *I5 _37.5
:

'-l
1
= 3-l'5 FHm
I

dult:tg; Fir-ld RmcFiorx'. :

1
'.+
1
I

\-t
I
:

i
-i HnFx,l
\-4
I
I

I
Hg =H
--t
I

2
I

I'1!,= a
t

;, =i +VR x'i + HRx 5 -- &oxtl=o

I
'' lvg * SHR = Bo :--.6
Y
I

B'l'lotc =o +
|s+enaof c{rooFl"&rt:
\J

R *UHA --6
so-luinX O-'O
-rvn +sl$vn) =fo

IVn-=-t{rLrFN ]
HB .=frr,uu
fI - 5'5814H'
Yg = eo-lrlLl
VB =. 1e:5Cfry

Page 162 of 174

 I-L.D .fofi Hoyircn{e-t +hrluj.--_..in--ua *irqect Arclea s_

--P A1

v:-tr _0 -
:$ -+r)
r-L- D j;r t$lizorlo.LJffiitt

.-

roseSl
Nh,en unil Joctd- ia ,Eorne.u:hern Sur R& c.
B'Pl at c =.Q + { s6x1d'ql ''C' I iooh
".i B.lrl3
=) +V1xJ- - nx {-, =o
- rl2'{
4H=-
?h
FlqtD :LL'D 1"" Vr[#) arld ayrraider the por+rron H- +<
&nprcL rerrninirg -l. L. D a^
Jfioun in e6

Page 163 of 174

 .0qea: n a *rnged po:robo.i_rc a>trh q aspqn
ytiae
% +om6
csril:rol *t 4rn . A fiaid ot poi-lrt loada . Qog.ry+
lo tsN , spaced. Sm o.paJlt olosdos -*hia axch from -te+t
*?ht lr,i*h "?o tsN _Laad lr;.dtnS. Tlo:rcn. l-brrat induced
cf fl"c supporrfa ia . *-
tokN e r-t,

r.L.D trr H
ii-*!- - i, :t-*a;*
' ir'
clr'
*- +F't'D.- tu lOrn - t
:: \t"t-'-a -. i-
: ryL\Y + lor
rnqxD H = &ox l:J5 *{ox 0.62s
'

Cq.,ceptE) r.L-o t", A rult! fir? se.1B 'D','-

'
CeBe I : Uod is sor:nerrfisr. bi* fl4 P e-
-tl

B't'l . of D = lslond- oi'o' & ,IsoI-<

!

-l I
I 'd6htJ i

,/
Durq* rlD +^r IFUS qnd suLtvoct f'L'btsrfi* pr*ror,,a
t- t/ u tn*r9'

at b'd qn qrrnutrt
+ '

Page 164 of 174

 _Hq
yfl=v, I -i--_- 4.-4
b----+:
!r:
=q-=14-----r-
Ill
I

rl
trq l:

-{ ;*i
I qb-
t:
:
;l
l *-r}{-+n lv
i,:

I
:l

3
:i
-t

.1
1

Ccnctru.sion B-
Nole tuFronr *,er L D -{oy B-l'1 - e oe -firrd thot *o get rryccrn
Sve) B t'1- crt 'D'
, trn?* -tooct rnuat be kept ai 'D', To
' fl"t rnox.m k-fve B M o-1- 'o' S unit lpad 'rnuEl ae keF
ct* +he iXotoil _

S1ea :
A ulhe$ -tmd. *b lotrN la 1novin7, on o thxee hinged,
Foxxbqtic axcl, *h sFrlr uo rn & dsnlxar xixe- rorn
lYlqrry- ftve) B in the a:lrh ol
m. der,eloped. q dJxtorxe.
4 to rn -florn .jel+.E Jupposri ;ix -
+ = !IS=.,o
-[t _ rtoxl-t__?.. torn
4h rr
r\ylo - J
U= * r(o-r)
. :=ff*,o(eor1o,; z.r-D y'cl
'l-Srh 8-I.t ci D ,

Page 165 of 174

.tl
,{ I JIo geL
(t r^orln (+lg BM , teepthe loqd ol'D'
mgrn BI1 a-t D '-

-flcqcl x ttet I.L.D oidirntc forB f/io*D

= 10 x 3.15
3l'5 EH-YYr '

0ug4-, fn l}re obo.rrre p:rohlern urhen unf L Imd rnovB orr*he

- r:}lct1 , rnox? -ve B;M at D iB *

Se- Io 6et rnorm -ve B-ln} , Fep the -tooci ct c
'.
-Ve. 8'1.1 of O = itqC x-I,'L-DlorBl,,1 o,-tn

Ryjorn J ?-J -- lo x&'5

.&ovn36 = Q5tsNrn '
-$ x-I's =5'

qnd :radiat .q}mLT-3 *i,19e o:ts!-g

Cgncept: s Frsrrnol !:ff
I

(
t
(- D

(
I =*tt-a ru i-r

t f.B.D ok FE ' l:i

:-

i-: :
-t

Page 166 of 174

 I
:;i
i)
1-l i i:
,ii
rl
{
^'t
-l
5
..'
.l
:l
.:,
:_l
AI onu cls , the suyn c& CornporrenB e ail -foxcea rnrmal
il
JJ
'-:,

.i
ns -the cls Jb ca,[_led no.Xrnc-t lhreZt The sumo{ rornlXnent5
'-t
1l

.l
"&
a-!.0 {utre,l trel to the es is co-lled :-rqd-jaj shmr
:j
I]
::i

:l
I
I
N = ltormo-l- *hvrgt
,]
,l
.i
..:
+HAro,so +Vnsiro
::
-1
J
ti
:l
4
Sp = *Hnsine -yAqo-s6
T
= fiadio-l a]eor. - -'-.
)r
il
I
i:l
n

,l
H=
+.1 r([-r)
J
I
1
Iz
l
:
:. 9-t -" - 34 rtr-];c)/
j dt- nl
I

I
I
I (oruept :$) prnpq{ohr* in 3 -?riage d oxchet *-
I
I
I
"11ot

YA =o !B l=. O
. !:.

-> sh0 s *,i1ged o:rh ia -vrst srrbjmled fu *g {oad;r6

& s+hjc+oC te onfu a Je,mF-rq-hue -Yt-ise, *l-ren s+xea,
0
u:?.1-!- "rlei be- developed ort3,rrhexe' in
I
the I:/c it ia
E:
s+-ofioly deFrrnino*c- St^r- tretrer
BLJ.L Jo o(coirnodqte
"."
t"

Page 167 of 174

 @
:.
:t
il
.t
r': - ..-
r
.t- t-:
:l
1
!( {.- extsnSioYl *fp 63'{o111n H6e 4ttt orr cmoUnt ob d{n-
LDio[
I V
l- ;
Jb -[ood'ed 4 a-tbjec]ecl- te a -trmp ' xiae 'then
lr
I
+ $t *h. 'avrch
I

Jhe 4onjzcrnJai- thvrxt roi-lj *ex '

n, =-ET-
, to"[2

r ctu = .Dtl --! an

th" H=$"
1-
YA _trlQ
I
I ---.-
t-
+dH - '/o. chorge, in *otizcrntqJ-
H
th'"uat = * P*'On
I

i
Lu-[a
I
6h
t- du -dh
H'Yl
:

i-
I

,4' A 3 +rirued porurbclic gltcfi 4 spqrl 4om 4"cenfral spqn

!0 rn it ,gubjeckJ Jo o- uct-[ 4 lo tsH lrn thvo"Beuut
T ;
t,

I
i*E lenqfh - oul to je*f- xtae, ib fhe- xiae cS +fre o:rh
I (; '

t. +t8er ,bu o-I rn . '!u i.r *rrranfal +hrlmt I8 -- :

H-_ u"[2 lox r-l oL r-1=dL-

i,

'i sh Sxlo
sh' .':

H -dh
cl ..o.Jrn :

I:-

i
H-h lOrrr

t.
:, dH--'!-yBsg
,:]

ldn = -9 F.h1 ' ir

l ui
l.
l,

,.{l} rr.
t'.
t
i;- - :!t' -_r! li
-t,.'lr - i'
I tr. t_
e

Page 168 of 174

 -fne vg'tico-[-,rmc+rcrn at sup t.'B: oh tne sfr. -si^ro*yr
#{s 'r r-r1 -itg

JF) i CiYculoY
(8) P.tra
rJ plA
tD p1,
+Px-Q- -v6x-[ =o HA:0
a
,-*'e-- HB.p
Ivr-l t@ ts__ r
v
tua-P

&lq' rn *fie aborre-

Fxoblern tle xeactrat g is -

RB = .IT'P

5P
Ct
I

^f .A
' I Yg=P
l
H8= P

P
F-g'o *n. F.a.P *[ gc

Page 169 of 174

 -

I'htrrir l'lethoct* o[ S+;ructuy1ol Annl LJd is

u_--
-gqngff Mslhod B

tl) s+rH+rea+
: (k) "" -rt ix jhe $md sreTui-rred to
Fx:duce uT,it 4e$-lecHotr ''-

G) *-
Erq*! =1UJT-
Lo) Hiat S+r"*fneXa (tcrr ) 3 -

coxd.inale O ctuq to u^n?t drk;dacernent ai@

Kr,, : !' - Pr : FE .Pr .

-at /Pil
r ftEl1
r- B1

tb) Ixqr\svEr,se sh"flneas fFzr; r'

Fz> * Farre of @ dua. to diaptrocerosot ci S
l-?Erg t9E-r
FZZ = EET
^I .l_3
-
1ts

6EI A

(c) Fieruj1g!- sffl$tLKal) e jsrr'fl-nedr toc+ov

1.33 =tEl
A

Page 170 of 174

 (d) E 1T_"I strf+ne,s1 (Ft) 8- I*rglu- srq.ui:red .1, pxoclure
trnil Jtoi,st
kqq= :T -
B _r._ cs
-
t-
ffi) .4.

s- cJ.
T{
ka+ * qr
.{_

L3) rhoaqc+cristics o& s+ff-frrexs rrubtix [r] B*

(xJ s+q'f$%E mqldir Ta .s?uaxe JHrornqfril yltr. s6p4,.rerri. -
i-
Hc "b rncxul_dl's .ltecipXocol- defl6'lforr tPrecnrern. ;

p) r!-+he ++$fue*a rrolit .

... the dioqo-rril e.rernerbs or"'tit .-

l.ej,- sff'Fl-nrAa rngtrTr

- '-' !o? ,l* devel.gpqd u$en-ihe
:-]-\,^-F<

stxucftrne ia sfuble .

\.*.-,u-..--.

td: t* +t-e d_Es,aLacmnent of q.nil coa>drrxale ia rrcl flrq.{t&e

+h"" +rfJry2i rno*rfr Jovr CIofidinale *S{trn u:i.l-l nat eriat'
fucialtil
UORiofcl
ln" = P'
ruCI
I -lL =;J
a'-o J

e, slrlneal rooHx.,:i[t& no't o;^t)

Page 171 of 174 a

 =i
{
ir--'I

:l
r:
.ilr:
1
-*-
'<-

::
:l
I'
-t
I
1,.
.'
(

.
!ffj3eh iruEs% tH .:+ifirrry t',lethod B-

i
I
tr
I
c"ncept e) s+i{_Fnrar
tt
motti:c Joyr o fruas 3clnt s-
,a
.l
I
Ir Ktr
t
,,
J
t
= +'car2g 'tl' ig
"I.,*7a
rneaulted in ar #c1oct--
u:irs div4 frorn r - qri*
Yzt = +'sin'D l
.

.:|
I
4

0t (oosdinoJe [a) -- +- 6,gs.Si,ns'

Sized stif{npa rroftix = lDp'xonJ '

,

s+ Dr=& + 'l.aq &xzrncririx.

Laf

B
F] Foxrr- irt oflgu..-
mewrber

anrJ haspn ttan6- asy,i sinona]

sRB = + [ ino:. -
"# DBB ang-Ie o1 iacUnaFion ob rnelht,O*
ro':r't'-rc-qx'ta'
= irt o*liclocPr-ise)
t"*tqa,,n*a
a o[ a.iapkernrnt of *:"::
I

eh Joint B
.

6-b d-rxpJaternsrt
- 'c{ td cornpoztrb
I
oB^, AB?

'J& sna [s flrt. r it rnffin8 Jiqt loxe in RB fa levuil*

t,.

t
S=Pf
EE
.+ ,= #
I

s : -[t bs7-oe-)tT-* + ( lng - sgUJ s;r t"*]

I lfmoara)
( - r.lr;3)!r'0*J
- Il (lor. - 0sH \ .o,toplrr 8rq
t
L

i.
t.

Page 172 of 174

'ia
:.: r
::r
:r'l . .;'-F "-
:-r :' =.'I
:rl.

'II 6uea: rn a
-.--- - fiedundo.rlt fuum s*rurvzl jrr #g.rre . r rhe
,'l
.

S:e5tn.nr
L"'J) el"ntqHbn
:i,t 6l
- rb the
.l u- r*, ' (J-6
i'(f-vr l rrq- Irlgluuvt
merpbe,:1 ([ rn e,4
Irr1a oe. ]
+ oc{l a]te ftr
a}te f*und,
I.-.I
l" be 4gmm 4 as rnrn :le-specfi*IU , 'l-hen *he haxizontal
drsp$acetrrect 1u) g +he vefi)calc{iapJocrnent (vl *& *-he
;i

f,
,l
'l o
Jolrt A toi"0j be .

I Y'uDo N t.,.

Mrr -- qoornm +ano =* = 38.6ro

i No = soomYD
\
X \ lt* / i. oem : Qo+38-6r
I Ns _ soornrn \ I / -- rs8 G{'
ii Lr{
\o\"l/
'
X, Lt
.:
Srrxs = +UBFnrn =-'-f f anx * Amt ) ot s"^ + (a
L* eg - drnyl-,.,&.,
At'1 x -. l\mu -. F
i. A:S+,nS*d supporli
,j
U
-' ,J

BBm ----= tlE'61 i

:v

5:v

43 rn)1o = - l,L Coa t98'(6 -t

o--
vsinr.18.({J -:v

a
.L o rE yJ

-_o ,-
Y.- r

6os = +35Fam = - [ (dex -_Ao*

L
[os 0oz. * t a oY - soY)sino{
I or* = 3og= o]' L-i

+ 35 = - [ ucoruJ"+ vsinuso ]
E::

rl -

Page 173 of 174

 l
l
l
l

j
1
I

I l' (:
t
l -c

II e?^n 0 4E
I t t-I = 6'6q l"Irrn
l, V -- -56.lurrlrn
,:
,

I -Ve si8yr irnpl,U +hof 'V,ccts dotrnpoxd_ .

-j
i
\:J
&uu:69 sb srTJynas rnat'rix then fle.:chi.t+g rnqrrix ia .
['; ;]
I .
!i
-i
{

\_1

\,t ,l
i
I
&E B-
i
i
Interre o$ sriffrreaa ir cu$sd f{ertbixrS
1
I !

-[ !

*e
;

'-l
I
t+l = f-terlblti? = [r1-r I
i'

{
!.t
-l
[- "?o -5]
L-s
1

\r [5o,xt6 :5x5J r"J

i
I

-l
=l
r{l _= *, [:; ,:J
\.-_.i
iI
\d :
{
il
i..
...' ;.
t
\ ,l

\
.tl
; :l
t

i
e
I
-1
l ;

-, -t I

-1 (

{
:l

',.-:[

T
-<
I t

Page 174 of 174