Reflex

Sensory Organ Afferent Arc Integrating Center Efferent Arc Response

Hering Breur Pulmonary stretch Vagus Nerve Respiratory centers in Spinal cord motor Respiratory muscles
receptors and the medulla and pons neurons cause exhalation
chemoreceptors
Righting Vestibular apparatus Vestibular nerve Brainstem Spinal cord motor Neck and body
neurons muscles counters
rotation of body
plane, reorients itself
Stretch Stretching of Ia and II afferent Spinal cord Alpha motor neurons Shorten extrafusal
extrafusal muscles neuron Ia branches to muscles, relax
detected by muscle synapse with opposing extrafusal
spindle inhibitory neuron muscles
Stretch: Intrafusal Stretching of Ia and II afferent Spinal cord and Gamma motor Shorten intrafusal
muscle regulation intrafusal muscles neurons cerebellum neurons fibers
detected by muscle
spindle
Resting Posture Maintenance of
muscle tonus and
equilibrium
Swimming, climbing, Placement in water Afferent neuron Cerebellum Motor neurons Forelimb and hindlimb
righting detected by inneverating limbs muscles moce in
mechanoreceptors, coordination
Labyrinthine system
Jumping Probing the back Afferent neuron Cerebellum Motor neurons Hindlimb muscles
detected by innvervating cause leaping
mechanoreceptors hindlimbs
Corneal/Blink Tactile stimulus on Trigeminal nerve Brainstem pons Facial nerve Orbicularis oculi
eyes muscles contract to
close eyelids
Auditory Palpebral Auditory stimulus to Cochlear nerve Brainstem Facial nerve Orbicularis oculi
the cochlea muscles contract to
close eyelids
Whole-body startle Auditory stimulus to Cochlear nerve Brainstem Facial and limb motor Muscles of the head
the cochlea nerves and limbs jerk
Flexion withdrawal Noriceptors (pain) and Flexor reflex afferent Spinal cord Excitatory neuron, Contraction of flexor,
thermoreceptors fibers (group II, III, IV) inhibitory neuron prevention of
 antagonistic muscle
contraction
Crossed-extension Noreceptors and Flexor reflex afferent Spinal cord Extensor alpha motor Extension of
thermoreceptors fibers (group II, II, IV) neurons, flexor alpha contralateral limb,
motor neurons prevent flexion of
antagonistic muscle
Clasp Mechanoreceptors, Spinal Cord Grasping of limb
cutaneous receptors muscles
Quieting Mechanoreceptors, Spinal Cord Grasping of limb
cutaneous receptors muscles
Wipe reflex Chemoreceptors, Spinal Cord Wipe/ Scratch,
cuteneous receptors, remove irritant
noriceptors























Reflex Stimulus Sense Organ Center Effector Response Response seen
Organ in
Postural Reflex Gravity Vestibular System Vestibulocerebellum Whole Body Correct Posture Normal toad

Righting Reflex Loss of Balance Vestibular System Vestibulocerebellum Whole Body Righting Normal Toad
Behavior

Hering-Breuer Inflation of the Lung Stretch Respiratory Centers Lungs Exhalation Normal Toad
Reflex lungs Receptors (Medulla oblongata &
(Respiratory pons)
Rate)
Blink Reflex Eye irritation Eyes Pons Eyes Blink Normal Toad
Auditory- Loud, sudden Tympanum Auditory Cortex Eyes Blink Normal Toad
Palpebral Reflex sound
General Acoustic Loud, sudden Tympanum Auditory Cortex Muscle Jerk Normal Toad
Reflex sound Spindles
Muscle Tonus Active Resistance Muscle Spindles Cerebellum Muscle Muscle Normal Toad
to Stretching (not & Spinal Cord Spindles Contraction Spinal Toad
induced)
Extensor Reflex Stretching Muscle Spindles Spinal Cord Muscle Muscle Normal Toad
Spindles Contraction/ Spinal Toad
Resistance to
stretching
Flexor Reflex Pain (Damaging Muscle Spindles Spinal Cord Muscle Flexing of the Normal Toad
Stimuli) Spindles leg / Withdrawal Spinal Toad
of leg
Toad in Water Lack of Air Sensory Receptors Cerebellum Skeletal Swimming, Normal Toad
(Swimming, Muscles Climbing, and
Climbing, Righting
Righting Behaviors
Behavior)
Jumping Behavior Spontaneous Cerebellum Limb muscles Jumping Normal Toad
activity
 Flexor Reflex Pain pain receptors, Spinal Cord Limb muscles Withdrawal of Normal and
mechanoreceptors, leg Spinal Toads
nocireceptors
Hot/Cold High/Low Skin Spinal Cord Limb muscles Retraction from Normal and
Temperature temperature; (thermoreceptors, hot and cold Spinal Toads
Reflex Change in ambient nocireceptors) water
temperature
Clasp Mechanical Skin (sexual Spinal Cord Limb muscles Clasping/ Normal and
Reflex/Quieting Presence of receptors) Quieting Spinal Toads
Reflex female/male
Wipe/Scratch Acetic acid Skin Spinal Cord Limb muscles Wipe/Scratch Normal and
Reflex (chemoreceptors) Spinal Toads
Spontaneous Brain and Spinal Cord Whole body Normal and
Activity Spinal Toads