Boys Group Dwitya Aribawa

Description Week 2 (Literature Review)

Gunlu, E., Aksarayli, M., & ahin Perin, N. (2010). Job satisfaction and
Citation organizational commitment of hotel managers in Turkey. International
Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(5), 693-717.
Discipline Human Resource Management (in Hospitality Area)
(1) Identify the effects of job satisfaction on organizational
Topic/Focus/Purpose commitment for hotel managers in Turkey ; (2) Examine
characteristics of the sample relationship to OC and JS
(1) Job satisfaction is a key factor to maintaining high performance and
efcient service then increase the productivity of organization; (2)
Phenomena Only a few research in OC-JS considered managers viewpoints ; (3)
There are high turnover rates in seasonality hotel business.
IV: Job Satisfaction -> feelings or a general attitude of employees in
relation with their jobs and job components (three factors: Intrinsict
(IN), extrinsic (EX) and general reinforcement); DV: Organizational
Commitment -> the relative strength of an individuals identication
Variables and
with and involvement in a particular organization (characterized as
Operations Definition
Affective(AC), Continuance(CC) and Normative(NC)) ; Antecedents:
activity duration and hotel ownership ; Moderating: demographic
variables in Hotel industry,

H1. Hotel activity duration has an effect on JS and OC ; H2. Hotel

ownership has an effect on JS and OC ; H3. There is a relationship
Conceptual between the dimensions of managers JS and OC ; H4. JS affects OC ;
Framework H5. There is signicant relationship between the characteristics of the
(Relationship/ sample, JS and OC. (H1,H2 to show antecedents effect, H3 is just to
Hypothesis) make sure there is no correlation between IV and DV, H4 is to define
relationship, H5 to show moderating effect)

Survey instrument: OC -> Three dimension of OC by Meyer and Allens

(13 Factors) (1997), JS -> Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ)
Paradigm and Short Form. Method (20 Factors). Statistic tools applied: reliability
Method testing (Cronbach alpha) and factor analysis, hypotheses test ->
frequency test (H5), t-test (H1, H2, H5), ANOVA (H5), regression (H4)
and correlation (H3).
Sampling Method: selected randomly w/ ratio of 25%. Research
Context/ Setting/ sample: 4/5/hotel and resort Turkey (632), Aegean (108), managers as
Sample sample (123 -> 43 middle level, 80 lower level).
 Boys Group Dwitya Aribawa

(1) Continuance commitment Cronbach alpha is 0.55, this factor was

excluded; (2) Hypothesis test result: H1-> Accepted, AC as well as GN,
IN, and EX JS of city hotel managers greater than resort hotel, but NC
was smaller ; H2->Accepted, Managers working in independent hotels
had greater EX than managers of chain hotels ; H3-> Accepted,
Findings correlation matrix show there are positive and significant relationship ;
H4-> Accepted, regression coefcients had positive values indicating
that as JS levels increased, OC increased as well; H5-> Accepted,
gender, tourism education background, education, income level, Age,
experience in the sector and in the current organization has signicant
differences to Relationship of JS and OC
Limitation: Participants are limited to the managers of large-scale
hotels in Aegean region of Turkey; Further: (1) adapt Three
Component Model of OC and MSQ to the tourism industry (2) specic
researches analyzing the reasons that CC has not significance result,
Gaps/ Limitation/
(3) conducted in the other components of the tourism industry, (4)
Future Research/
cross-cultural researches comparing JS and OC; Implication:
Implication
(1) practitioners should not disregard the fact that there is an
interactive relationship between the two factors, (2) government
support is very important in minimizing the effects of seasonality
problem in tourism.
(1) not able to reach top level of managers as sample; (2) selection of
sample size not clear, two respondent may come from one hotel ;
Critics (3) eliminating CC factors directly before try to eliminate one of item
question that has low factors load; (4) research framework need to be
established.
Type of Study - Major This study following the model of previous researches with extension
Works/ Respond/ to antecedents effect and new context in research field
Extending Knowledge

Hotel activity duration

Research Model (maybe)
(City / Resort)

Hotel Ownership H1
H1
(Independent / Chain) H2
H2

ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
JOB SATISFACTION H4
Normative, Affective,
Intrinsic, Extrinsic, General
Continuance
H5

Demographic Variables
(Gender, tourism education background, education, income level,
Age, experience in the sector and in the current organization)