Diagnostic Microbiology

Study online at quizlet.com/_2f2qxe

1. 6.5-7.5 What pH do most bacteria prefer? 16. Bacterial or What two types of organisms can cause
Mycotic mastitis?
2. 18-24 hours How long do we typically incubate a
Most common are:
specimen?
-S. auerus
3. 20-40 C What temperature do most bacteria prefer? -streptococcus agalactiae
4. 20 minutes How long can an anaerobes survive in air? -steptococcus uberis
-Can't use a swab and must use specialized -E. coli
collection systems. -Corynebacterium
-Usually culture blocks of tissue, pus, and -P. aeruginosa
exudate. 17. Basidiomycetes The mushrooms or club fungi.
-Inoculate specimens onto a blood
18. Basidiomycetes
(anaerobic jar) agar and into thioglycollate
broth.
5. 37 C What is the incubation temperature for fungi.
6. Aerobes Bacteria that require oxygen.
7. Alpha What are the four types of hemolysis that can
Beta be detected on blood agars.
Gamma
Delta
19. Basidiomycetes What are the four categories of fungi?
8. Alpha Blood Agar Detection:
Ascomycetes
Hemolysis Partial hemolysis that creates a narrow band
Zygomycetes
of greenish or slimy discoloration around the
Deuteromycetes
bacterial colony.
20. Beta Hemolysis Blood Agar Detection:
9. Ascomycetes
Complete hemolysis that creates a clear
zone around the bacterial colony.
21. Binary Fission What is the primary method that bacteria
use to reproduce?
22. Bismuth Sulfate An agar that suppresses the growth of
Agar coliforms while permitting the growth of
salmonellae.
23. Blood Agar Agar that supports the growth of most
bacterial pathogens. Acts as an
enrichment and differential medium.
Trypticase soy agar with sheep blood is
the most commonly used.
10. Ascomycetes Cup fungi. 24. Blood What extra nutrients are we able to add to
11. Aseptic ____________ techniques should be used when Serum an Agar?
collecting specimens to avoid contamination. Egg
Normal flora may complicate identifying the 25. Brain-Heart Medium that is used to increase the
problematic bacteria. Infusion Broth number of organisms before they are
12. Aspiration What are three ways to collect specimens? plated on another medium.`
Swabbing 26. Broke hair Where are we most likely to find
Scraping shafts and dry drematophytes when collecting a sample
13. Bacilli Bacterial that is shaped like rods or cylinders. scales for testing?
Periphery
14. Bacillus What is an example of a bacilli?
Anthracis
15. Bacillus Two types of bacteria that form spores.
Clostridium
27. California A qualitative screening test for mastitis 36. Complete What does proper specimen collection
Mastitis bacteria. History include?
Test Based on gel formation when the test reagent Specimen
reacts with the DNA in somatic cells. The more Collected
cells present in the milk equals an increase in Aseptically
the gelling action. Multiple
Degree of gel formation is scored as 1, 2, 3, Specimens are
and y and +. Kept Separate
Specimen
Procedure: Container is
Approximately 2mls of milk is placed in each Labeled
of the four cups on the CMT paddle. An equal Take Adequate
amount of reagent is added. The paddle is Time
gently rotated for 10 seconds. A score is
37. Delta Hemolysis Blood Agar Detection:
assigned for each quarter.
Also called double zone hemolysis a zone
Culture only positive samples with MaConkey
of hemolysis surrounded by a narrow
and Blood Agars
zone of hemolysis around a bacterial
28. Canophilic Bacteria that require high levels of carbon colony.
dioxide.
38. Dermatophytes The fungi of veterinary importance are
29. Catalase Enzyme that acts on hydrogen peroxide to usually the cutaneous mycotic organisms
produce water and oxygen. the _______________.
-ringworm fungi.
30. Catalase Bacterial test that is used for gram positive
Test cocci and bacilli. Tests for catalase. 39. Deuteromycetes Also known as fungi imperfecti because
A small amount of a colony is placed on a no sexual stages occur.
slide with 3% hydrogen peroxide.
40. Deuteromycetes
Catalase positivie samples produce gas
bubbles.
-staphylocococci
31. Central What are the three possible spore locations?
Subterminal
Terminal
32. Coagulase Enzyme that coagulates plasma.
33. Coagulase Test that is used to differentiated between
Test coagulase positive and negative
staphylococcus. 41. Double Zone What is another term for delta hemolysis?
Two tests available: Hemolysis
-slide coagulation test: sample observed for 42. Endospores Intracellular refractile bodies in some
clumping bacteria.
-tube coagulase test: samples are observed
43. Eukaryotic What type of cells make up fungi?
for clotting
44. Facultative Bacteria that can survive without oxygen
34. Cocci Spherical cells.
Anaerobes but growth is limited.
35. Coccus What are the three groups that bacteria are
45. Fungi Heterotrophs that may be parasitic and
Bacillus organized into based on their shape?
saprophytic. Contain eukaryotic cells with
Spiral
cell walls made of chitin.
Consist of webs of slender tubes called
hyphae which grow towards food source.
Rely on both sexual and asexual
reproductive systems involving the release
of spores
46. Gamma Blood Agar Detection: 61. Mueller-Hinton Agar that is most commonly used for
Hemolysis Hemolysis that produces no change in the antibiotic sensitivity testing?
appearance of the medium no hemolysis
62. Mueller-Hinton Medium that is used for an
around the colonies of bacteria.
antimicrobial sensitivity test (reaction
47. Gram Stain Stain that is used to characterize bacteria to medications).
as gram negative or gram positive (based
63. Mycobacterium What two types of bacteria are
on the cells wall structure).
Nocardia Species detected by acid-fast stain?
48. Gram Stain What are the two most common stains we (they are usually
Acid Fast use for microbiology samples? resistant to stain)
49. Heat Spores are tough and resistant to ____________, 64. Mycology Study of fungi.
Chemicals ___________, and _______________.
65. Obligate Bacteria that are killed in the presence
Radiation
Anaerobes of oxygen or their growth is slowed.
50. hyphae Fungal organisms consist mostly of webs
66. Palisade
of slender tubes called ______________ which
grow towards a food source.
51. Identify What is the primary purpose of Bacterial arrangement pattern.
Bacterial microbiology? 67. Pinkish Red What color will the colonies of
Pathogens fermenting organisms change to in a
52. Inoculating Two types of tools we use to inoculate MaConkey Agar if their is lactose?
Slants bacteria. Bacteria that do not produce lactose
Inoculating appear as clear colonies.
Cultures 68. Prolonged When running a Mueller-Hinton
53. Lactose What do MaConkey Agar's test for? antiboitic senistivity test ______________
incubation can interfere with results.
54. Leptospira What is an example of a spiral bacterial
Pomona morphology? 69. Purple What color will bacteria stain if it is
gram positive?
55. MaConkey An agar that is a selective and differential
Agar media. Contains crystal violet which 70. Red What color will bacteria stain if it is
suppresses growth of gram positive gram negative?
bacteria. Indicates lactose. 71. Red What color will the drematophyte test
56. MaConkey What two agars would we use if an animal medium turn in the presence of
Blood tested positive with the CMT to inoculate drematophytes?
the bacteria for further testing? 72. Resistant What are the two major categories that
57. Microaerophilic Bacteria that prefer reduced oxygen Susceptible zone sizes are divided into when
tension. (intermediate interpreting antibiotic sensitivity tests?
susceptibility and
58. Microscopically What are the three ways we test for
susceptible)
(KOH and drematophytes?
DMSO) 73. Saprophytic Term for organisms that live on dead
Woods Lamp organic matter.
Dermatophyte 74. single Bacterial cells contain a _________ strand
Test Medium of DNA.
59. Microsporum The two most common types of 75. Single What are five different bacterial
(canis and dermatophytes. Pairs arrangement patterns we can have?
gypseum) Clusters/Bunches
Trichophyton Chains
60. Motility Media Form of motility testing where SIM media Palisade
are stab incoulated. One incubate at 37 C
and the other room temperature. If
bacteria growth is limited to the stab line
the bacteria is non-mobile.
76. Size What are the colony characteristics? 89. Virology Study of viruses that must be performed in a
Pigment speciealized lab.
Density Includes:
Elevation -histopathologic
Form -serologic examination
Texture -electron microscopy
Odor -attempted isolation and identification of the
Hemolysis virus
Often collect viruses from nasal or
77. Spiral Bacterial morphology that usually occurs
pharyngeal secretions.
singly, can be tight, loose, or coma shaped
Scrapings rather than swabs are preferred.
spirals.
Tissue samples should be 2 inch cubes that
78. Spirochetes What two types of bacteria are detected contain helathy and diseased normal tissue.
Rickettsiae by Giemsa Stain? Specimens should be refrigerated and then
79. Staphylococcus What is an example of a cocci? frozen and sent out with dry ice if it's going
Aureus to be longer than 24 hours.

80. Subterminal Spore location that is present near the end 90. Wet Prep Form of motility testing where a drop of
of the bacteria. sample is placed on a slide and observed for
motility on high dry power. Motility is present
81. Systemic A ________________ approach must be taken to
if individual cells move backwards and
identify pathogenic bacteria. Flow charts
forward.
should be developed and used.
91. Wet Prep What are the two methods we use to test
82. Temperature What are the specific requirements that
Motility motility?
pH bacteria have?
Media
Oxygen
Nutrition 92. Zygomycetes

83. Terminal Spore location that is at the end of the

bacteria.
84. Thioglycollate Medium that is used to culture anaerobic
Broth bacteria to determine the oxygen
tolerance of microbes. Medium contains
high concentration of oxygen on the top
of the medium, and anaerobic conditions
near the bottom (note where the bacteria
clusters). 93. Zygomycetes Molds.
85. Transport What are the six types of culture media?
Media
General
Purpose Media
Enriched Media
Selective Media
Differential
Media
Enrichment
Media
86. Triple Sugar Agar that is a medium used for
Iron Agar presumptive identification of salmonellae
and to differentiate enteric bacteria.
87. Trypticase Soy Most commonly used blood agar.
Agar
88. Urea Tubes Medium that is streaked with inoculum and
incubated overnight. If bacteria hydrolyze
the urea the medium will turn from peach
to pink.