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High speed current differential protection of

transmission lines for single or three phase tripping.

L90
Line
Differential
Relay

Applications
Overhead lines and cables
2 or 3 terminal lines
With/without series compensation
Single or three pole tripping
Fiber optic and electrical (RS422, G.703)
interface via direct or multiplexed fiber optic

Protection and Control


Current differential: high speed tripping, adap-
tive restraint, charging current compensation
Phase and ground distance with POTT and
swing detection
Directional phase and neutral
DESCRIPTION Phase, ground, neutral and negative
sequence overcurrent
The L90, a member of the UR family The L90 has three communications Direct transfer trip
of protection relays, is a digital ports that operate independently and Autoreclose and synch check
phase segregated current differen- simultaneously. The RS232 port is Phase overvoltage and undervoltage
tial relay intended for use on accessible from the faceplate of the Configurable inputs and outputs
transmission lines of any voltage relay. The RS485 port supports Stub bus protection
level including series compensated ModBus RTU and DNP 3.0
lines. The L90 utilizes an innovative protocols and is capable of baud rates Monitoring and Metering
current differential scheme with up to 115 kbps. The third communica- Actual remote, local and differential per
adaptive restraint that allows the tions port may be ordered as either a phase current
relay to be sensitive yet secure. The similar RS485 port or a 10 Mbps Current, voltage, power, power factor,
relay is available for application on Ethernet port supporting MMS/UCA2, frequency
transmission lines with 2 or 3 termi- DNP 3.0, and ModBus/TCP proto- Fault location and reporting
nals. The L90 may be used as a cols. The physical Ethernet port may Trip circuit monitoring
stand alone device or as a compo- be ordered as 10BaseF or redundant Breaker arcing amps
nent of an automated substation 10BaseF. The high baud rates of these 64 samples/cycle programmable oscillography
control system. ports enable system wide communi- 1024 programmable event recorder
cations without sacrificing speed. 16 channel programmable data logger
Charging current compensation Self diagnostics
allows the L90 to be applied at long Diagnostic features of the L90
lines or cables without degrading
the sensitivity.
include an event recorder capable of
storing 1024 time-tagged events,
User Interfaces
URPC software for setting, monitoring
oscillography capable of storing up RS232 port, faceplate accessible
The logic that determines the inter- to 64 records (programmable by the
action of inputs, features, and RS485 port
trigger, content and sampling rate),
outputs is configurable through the Second RS485 or Ethernet port
and data logger storing of by 16
use of logic equations (FIexLogic). 2 x 20 character display and keypad
channels (programmable by content
Remote inputs and outputs that can and sampling rate). An easy-to-use
Target LED indicators
be sent through the LAN when PC software is used to view these
combined with hardware I/O enables records.
Features
complex scheme logic while reduc- FlexLogic and distributed FlexLogic
ing auxiliary components and wiring. Virtual I/O (reduce hardware cost)
Hardware input/output capability is Expandable I/O
expandable. Flash memory for field upgrades
Drawout modules for serviceability
Common modules (reduce spares cost)
Test mode for forcing contact I/O states
IRIG-B time synchronization

GE Power Management
1
L90 Line Differential Relay

PROTECTION AND CONTROL


Current Differential Function user can enable backup protection. The neutral directional elements can be
The L90 uses a digital current differential Channel propagation delay is continuous- programmed to work under zero-
relay system with an integral communi- ly measured and adjusted according to sequence voltage, ground current or
cations channel interface which is based changes in communication paths. dual polarization. Both the ground direc-
on innovative patented techniques tional overcurrent functions provide an
developed by GE. It is similar to a tradi- Trip Logic excellent enhancement for pilot-aided
tional dual slope percentage differential The L90 relay includes Trip Logic used schemes.
scheme, but the restraint is adaptive to provide higher security by utilizing
based on relay measurements. The L90 50DD (disturbance detector), to provide Voltage Protection
current differential protection can typi- 1-pole or 3-pole tripping logic and seal- Both over and undervoltage protection
cally initiate a trip output in one cycle. in the trip command. functions are provided.
The adaptive approach enhances sensi-
tivity without jeopardizing sensitivity. Charging Current Compensation Synchrocheck
This feature allows for compensation of Two independent synchrocheck elements
Pilot Communications Channels the line capacitive current, making the are provided. The element monitors
The L90 functions in a peer to peer archi- L90 applicable to long transmission lines maximum differences in voltage magni-
tecture, in which the relays at all or cables. tudes, phase angles and frequencies.
terminals are identical. This allows both
replication of protection (where each Distance Protection Autoreclosure
relay can provide protection for the entire
One zone phase and ground distance A four-shot three-pole autoreclosure is
system) and distributed synchronization.
with power swing detection and POTT provided.
Terminals are time synchronized using a
(permissive over-reaching transfer trip)
patented ping-pong technique, with
is available in L90. Line pickup (switch- Breaker Failure
frequency tracking.
ing onto the fault function) provides Two independent breaker fail functions
tripping if the breaker is closed into the are incorporated. A provision is made
Current phasors are sent from each relay to every
other relay.
close-in bolted fault. Distance elements to use both current and breaker auxil-
are reversible and can be shaped to iary contacts. The function can be
L90-1 L90-2
MHO or lens characteristics. initiated and blocked internally and/or
L90 Line Differential Relay L90 Line Differential Relay
externally via input contacts or
Overcurrent Protection communications.
Instantaneous and time overcurrent
functions are available for phase, Multiple Settings Groups
L90-3
ground, neutral and negative-sequence Eight separate setting groups may be
L90 Line Differential Relay
currents. A variety of time curves are stored in the L90s non-volatile memory.
831730A1.CDR
provided including three IEEE, four IEC, An easy-to-use programmable mecha-
four GE IAC, I2t, definite time and two nism is provided to instantly switch the
Relays communicate through fiber optic user-programmable curves. active settings. This may include remote
interface or electrical RS422 and G.703 communications, contact inputs and
interfaces at 64 kbps via direct fiber Directional Overcurrent combinations of the above as
optic cable or multiplexed networks. Functions are available for phase and programmed using the FlexLogic TM.
neutral currents. The phase directional Multiple setting groups apply to all the
Fiber optic typical distances. elements use memory polarization. protection elements including line pick-
up and breaker failure.
Emitter Type Typical (km)
820 nm LED 1.65
1300 nm LED 3.8
1300 nm ELED 11.4 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
1300 nm LASER 64

Direct Transfer Trip 52

The relay can send a direct transfer trip


(DTT) (either individual phase or three Monitoring
79 3V_0
CLOSE TRIP
phases) signal via the pilot communica-
tions channel. The user can initiate the 50DD 50P(2) 50_2(2) 51P(2) 51_2(2) 50BF(2) 87L 21P 67P(2) 68 78 50N(2) 51N(2) 67N 50NBF 21G

DTT internally via configurable logic, or


externally. Also available are 8 addition- Data From Remote End
Metering
(via Dedicated Communications)
al pilot signals per L90 channel. 59P

27P(2)
50G(2) 51G(2)
Channel Monitor
The L90 includes provision to detect if the
communications channel is deteriorating 25(2)

or has failed. If either of these conditions L90 Line Differential Relay


is detected, an alarm is activated and the 831706AR.CDR

2 Transmission Line Protection www.GEindustrial.com/pm


L90 Line Differential Relay

MONITORING TYPICAL WIRING


AND METERING
The following drawing shows the typical configuration of the L90. For any configura-
tion, an AutoCAD wiring diagram can be generated automatically by visiting our
Basic Metering Functions website at www.GEindustrial.com/pm.
Voltage phasors (both magnitude and
phase angle), voltage symmetrical
components, current phasors, current TYPICAL CONFIGURATION
symmetrical components, current true THE AC SIGNAL PATH IS CONFIGURABLE
one-cycle RMS values, active, reactive, A B C
TRIPPING DIRECTION
(5 Amp)
apparent power, power factor (all
power values per phase and total) and 52
frequency are measured. These signals
are available for local display, accessi-
ble remotely using communications
and can be stored in the oscillography N

record or data logger.

Basic Recording Functions OPTIONAL

F 1b

F 2b

F 3b

F 4b
F 1a

F 2a

F 3a

F 4a

F 5a

F 6a

F 7a
F 1c

F 2c

F 3c

F 4c

F 5c

F 6c

F 7c
The recording capabilities of the L90

VA

VB

VC
VA

VB

VC
IG5

IG1
IG
IA5

IA1
IA

IB

IC
IB5

IB1

IC5

IC1
include:

CURRENT SUPV.
Event recorder capable of storing CURRENT INPUTS VOLTAGE INPUTS
8A / 8B
1024 time-tagged events (1 micro-

VOLT &
H 5a CONTACT IN H 5a DIGITAL I/O 6G H 1a TC1
second tagging).
I

H 5c CONTACT IN H 5c H1 H1b
V
H 6a CONTACT IN H 6a H1c
Oscillography programmable by the H 6c
H 5b
CONTACT IN
COMMON
H 6c
H5b H2
I

H 2a
H2b
V
trigger, content and sampling rate

VOLTAGE SUPV.
H2c
H 7a CONTACT IN H 7a I

H 3a TC2
H 7c CONTACT IN H 7c
(maximum of 64 samples per cycle) H 8a CONTACT IN H 8a
H3
V
H3b
H3c
H 8c CONTACT IN H 8c
and capable of storing up to 64 fault H 7b COMMON H7b
H4
I

H 4a
H4b
records. H 8b SURGE
V
H4c
U 7a CONTACT IN U 7a DIGITAL I/O 6H I

U 1a
Data logger storing of up to 16 U 7c
U 8a
CONTACT IN
CONTACT IN
U 7c
U 8a
U1
V
U 1b
U 1c
channels, programmable as to U 8c
U 7b
CONTACT IN
COMMON
U 8c
U7b U2
I

U 2a
U 2b
V
content and sampling rate (from U 8b SURGE
I
U 2c
U 3a
1 second to 1 hour). U3
V
U 3b
U 3c
I

U 4a
U4 U 4b
2
Breaker Arcing Current (I t) GE Power Management V
U 4c
I

U 5a
L90 Line Differential Relay
Monitoring U5
V
U 5b
U 5c
The L90 calculates an estimate of the U6
V
I

U 6a
U 6b
per-phase wear on the breaker contacts U 6c
( DC ONLY )

N1a
6K

by measuring and integrating the current L 1a CONTACT IN L1a


N1 N1b
6D

N1c
L 1c L1c
squared passing through the breaker L 2a
CONTACT IN
CONTACT IN L2a N2
N2a
N2b
L 2c CONTACT IN L2c
contacts as an arc. These per-phase L 1b COMMON L1b
N2c
N3a
values are added to accumulated totals L 3a
L 3c
CONTACT IN
CONTACT IN
L3a
L3c
N3 N3b
N3c
for each phase and compared to a L 4a
L 4c
CONTACT IN
CONTACT IN
L4a
L4c N4
N4a
N4b
UR COMPUTER

programmed threshold value. The accu- L 3b


L 5a
COMMON
CONTACT IN
L3b
L5a
N4c
N5a TXD
1
2
1
2
8
3 RXD

mulated value for each phase is available L 5c


L 6a
CONTACT IN
CONTACT IN
L5c
L6a
N5 N5b
N5c
RXD 3
4
3
4
2 TXD
20

locally and remotely, and can be stored L 6c


L 5b
CONTACT IN
COMMON
L6c
L5b N6
N6a
N6b
SGND 5
6
5
6
7 SGND
6

in the oscillography file or data logger. L 7a CONTACT IN L7a


N6c
N7a
7
8
7
8
4
5
L 7c CONTACT IN L7c
DIGITAL I/O

N7 9 9 22
DIGITAL I/O

L 8a CONTACT IN L8a
N7b
L 8c CONTACT IN L8c N7c
N8a 9 PIN 25 PIN
Trip Circuit Monitor L 7b
L 8b
COMMON L7b
SURGE
N8 N8b
CONNECTOR CONNECTOR

N8c
The L90 can check for the presence of DC
L90 COM. W7A

FIBER
TO Tx1 Rx1 CHNL. 1
battery voltage across each open trip REMOTE S 1a
6C

L90 S1 S 1b
FIBER RS-232
contact and triggers an alarm when the Tx2 Rx2 CHNL. 2
DB-9 S 1c
S 2a
PERSONAL
COMPUTER
voltage becomes virtually zero. It also has B 1b (front) S2 S 2b
1

CRITICAL
B 1a FAILURE S 2c
a current sensor in series with each trip B 2b
B 3a 48 VDC S3
S 3a
S 3b
POWER SUPPLY

OUTPUT
contact to give a series seal-in function. DC
B 3b
B5b HI
S 3c
S 4a
CONTROL
AC or DC B 6b LO POWER S4 S 4b
B 6a S 4c
Shielded B 8a SURGE
CT Failure / Current Unbalance twisted pairs B 8b FILTER S5
S 5a
S 5b
S 5c
Alarm D2a
RS485
S 6a
9A

D3a COM 1 S6 S 6b
The L90 has current unbalance alarm D4a
D3b
COM S 6c
S 7a
RS485
logic. The unbalance alarm may be CONTACTS SHOWN S7
DIGITAL I/O

D4b COM 2 S 7b
WITH NO
D5b COM CONTROL POWER S 7c
supervised by the zero sequence voltage. D5a
IRIG-B S8
S 8a
CPU

D6a S 8b
The unbalance alarm will not operate Ground at
Device end
No. 10AWG
D7b SURGE S 8c
831702BY.CDR
during the open pole condition in a single Minimum
GROUND BUS
MODULE ARRANGEMENT
phase tripping scheme. The user may MODULES MUST BE
GROUNDED IF
X W V U T S R P N M L K J H G F D B

block the relay from tripping when the TERMINAL IS


PROVIDED
7

COM
6

I/O I/O
6 6

I/O I/O
6

I/O
6 8

CT/VT
9

CPU Power
1

current unbalance alarm operates. * * * * Supply

(Rear View)
* Optional

www.GEindustrial.com/pm Transmission Line Protection 3


L90 Line Differential Relay

GUIDEFORM SPECIFICATIONS
Transmission line protection, fault loca- An adaptive sensitive current distur- CT failure detection
tion, control, monitoring and metering bance detector (fault detector) Flexible control of all input and
shall be supplied in one integrated digital Eight time overcurrent elements: for output contacts
relay package for application on transmis- phase, neutral, ground and negative- Fault location and reporting
sion lines with 2/3 terminals and suitable sequence currents (two TOCs for each)
for incorporation in an integrated substa- All elements shall have a blocking input
Time overcurrent curve characteris- that allows supervision of the element
tion control system. The protection system tics: IEEE, IEC, IAC, I2t, definite time,
shall be available with three phase tripping and two custom curves for precise or from other elements, contact inputs, etc.
logic or single phase tripping logic. difficult coordination The relay shall have eight switchable
The relay shall be self-synchronizing, oper- Eight instantaneous overcurrent setting groups. This allows for dynamic
ating without an external clock signal, and elements: for phase, neutral, ground reconfiguration of the protection
use dedicated fiber optic communication and negative-sequence currents (two elements to adapt to changing condi-
facilities with loss of communications IOCs for each) tions such as line configuration changes,
detection and alarming. The communica- Four directional overcurrent seasonal requirements, testing, etc.
tions channel shall have a facility to elements: for phase and neutral (two
determine the health of the communica- elements for each) Metering functions shall include voltage
(phasors, symmetrical components),
tions channel, measure and compensate Two under and one overvoltage
channel delay. elements current (phasors, symmetrical components,
true RMS values), real, reactive and appar-
Two breaker failure elements ent power, power factor and frequency.
Protection and control functions shall
include: Two synchrocheck elements
Four shot, three-pole autorecloser UR Family Guideform
A current differential scheme with
adaptive restraint VT fuse fail detection Specifications
Distance phase and ground elements Programmable logic system The UR family has been designed on a
with power swing detection and (FlexLogicTM) including gates, latches common platform. Please refer to the
POTT scheme timers, counters, etc. Common UR Guideform Specifications
Open pole detection section of this catalog for the common
features.

ORDERING
L90 * 00 HC* F ** H ** L ** N ** S ** U ** W ** For full sized horizontal mount
L90 * 00 V F* F ** H ** L ** N ** R ** For reduced size vertical mount
L90 Base unit
A RS485 + RS485 (ModBus RTU, DNP)
C RS485 + 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, ModBus TCP/IP, DNP)
D RS485 + redundant 10BaseF (MMS/UCA2, ModBus TCP/IP, DNP)
00 No software options
HC Horizontal mount (19 rack)
VF Vertical mount (3/4 size)
H 125 / 250 V AC/DC
L 24 - 48 V (DC only)
8A Standard 4CT/4VT
8C Standard 8CT
XX XX XX XX No module
6A 6A 6A 6A 6A 2 Form-A (voltage w/ opt current) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6B 6B 6B 6B 6B 2 Form-A (voltage w/ opt current) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6C 6C 6C 6C 6C 8 Form-C outputs
6D 6D 6D 6D 6D 16 digital inputs
6E 6E 6E 6E 6E 4 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6F 6F 6F 6F 6F 8 Fast Form-C outputs
6G 6G 6G 6G 6G 4 Form-A (voltage w/ opt current) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6H 6H 6H 6H 6H 6 Form-A (voltage w/ opt current) outputs, 4 digital inputs
6K 6K 6K 6K 6K 4 Form-C and 4 Fast Form-C outputs
6L 6L 6L 6L 6L 2 Form-A (current w/ opt voltage) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6M 6M 6M 6M 6M 2 Form-A (current w/ opt voltage) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6N 6N 6N 6N 6N 4 Form-A (current w/ opt voltage) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6P 6P 6P 6P 6P 6 Form-A (current w/ opt voltage) outputs, 4 digital inputs
6R 6R 6R 6R 6R 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 2 Form-C outputs, 8 digital inputs
6S 6S 6S 6S 6S 2 Form-A (no monitoring) and 4 Form-C outputs, 4 digital inputs
6T 6T 6T 6T 6T 4 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 8 digital inputs
6U 6U 6U 6U 6U 6 Form-A (no monitoring) outputs, 4 digital inputs
5C
5E
5F
5C
5E
5F
5C
5E
5F
5C
5E
5F
5C
5E
5F
7A
8 RTD inputs
4 dcmA inputs, 4 RTD inputs
8 dcmA inputs
} select a maximum of 4

820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 channel inter-relay communications


7B 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 1 channel
SOON! 7C 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 1 channel
COMING r Interface 7D 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 1 channel
Fibe
1550 nm e extension 7H 820 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 channels
allows th s length
of a fiber 0 km 7I 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED, 2 channels
Simplify the up to 10 7J
7K
1300 nm, single-mode, ELED, 2 channels
1300 nm, single-mode, LASER, 2 channels
order process 7M
7L channel 1 - RS422; channel 2 - 820 nm, multi-mode, LED
channel 1 - RS422; channel 2 - 1300 nm, multi-mode, LED
visit our 7N
7P
channel 1 - RS422; channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, ELED
channel 1 - RS422; channel 2 - 1300 nm, single-mode, LASER
on-line store 7R
7S
G.703, 1 channel
G.703, 2 channels
7T RS422, 1 channel
www.GEindustrial.com/pm 7W RS422, 2 channels

4 Transmission Line Protection www.GEindustrial.com/pm

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