Fatima Yousif
H00354152
Sensorimotor
The first stage of Piaget's theory lasts from birth
to approximately age 2 and is cantered on the
infant trying to make sense of the world. During
the sensorimotor stage, an infant's knowledge of
the world is limited to his or her sensory
perceptions and motor activities. Behaviours are
limited to simple motor responses caused by
sensory stimuli.
Math
One to one correspondence:
Children being able to match one object another
object. For example when they have tow objects they
handle each object in a hand.
Classifying and comparing:
(classifying)Sorting and grouping
things.(comparing) to examine (two or more objects,
ideas, people, etc.) in order to note similarities and
differences.
In this stage they will start to understand that
each object have specific qualities because of
object recognition.
Measurement:
They will use measurement concept in the middle of
this stage18-24 months .Because they will have the
early representational and in this substage children
will start to use their gross motor skills .For example,
the child can know if the place is small or big if he
crawl to there and test the place.
Stages of Development
Preoperational
The preoperational stage is the second stage
in Paget's theory of development. This stage begins
around age 2 as children start to talk and last until
approximately age 7. During this stage, children
begin to engage in symbolic play and learn to
manipulate symbols. However, Piaget noted that
they do not yet understand concrete logic.
Math
one-to-one correspondence :
The recognition that one group has as many members
as another. In this stage, babies will Learning how to
deal with symbols develops.
Number sense and counting:
They will start to know the number and how to say
it.Because they will start to talk.
Measurement and spatial sense:
When they will start to talk, sure they will be going to
use the simple words of measurement and spatial
sense like big, small- near, far.
Shapes:
They will know the name of the shapes.
Ordering, seriation, and patterning: They will start to use the standard units because they
They will start to know how to put objects in logical
sequence. Because they will have the concept of
counting and the concept of measurement .
Concrete operational
The concrete operational stage is the third in Piaget's
theory of cognitive development. This stage lasts
around seven to eleven years of age, and is
characterised by the development of organized and
rationale thinking.
Math
Number sense :
In this stage children will be able to do the simple
mathematical calculations ''add, multiply. Etc''. Also,
they should know about the number types.
Parts and wholes:
some children will be able to know about the parts and
wholes in the preoperational stage. But in the concrete
stage, all children should know about this concept,
because it's important to do the mathematical
calculations.
ordering, seriation, and patterning:
also this concept some of the preoperational stage
children may have it .But in this stage, all of the
children must have it .Because they will know deeply
the concept of number sense and counting.
Measurement:
will have the conservation, it means if we have water
in the cup and then we put it in the bowel the shape of
water will change only and the amount of water will be
the same.
Spatial sense :
In this stage, they will start to use all the spatial senses.
And they will need to use them to describe the places
of things. Because their thinking becomes more logical
and organized.
Formal operational
The formal operational stage begins at approximately
age twelve and lasts into adulthood. As adolescents
enter this stage, they gain the ability to think in an
abstract manner by manipulate ideas in their head,
without any dependence on concrete manipulation
Math
Number sense and counting:
They will be able to solve all the simple mathematical
calculations because they will have a long experience
of it.
Spatial sense:
It's very important for children and people at this stage
.Because most of them are drivers. So they should
know the directions and distance.
parts and wholes:
They need this math concept to be able to solve the
complicated mathematical calculations.
Shapes:
Adults need shapes to create things. Shapes are
important especially for engineers because their work
depends on shapes.
 Stages of Development
Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete operational Formal operational
Science Science Science Science
Observing Measuring: observing
Observing:
Babies in this stage always use their senses to explore They will be able to measure because they will have
the concept of conservation. Measuring
the world . Especially their taste sense. Because they Communicating:
have a substage of reflex and it means that, they In this stage, children will start to talk. So they will
Communicating: Communicating:
understand the environment around them by their start to communicate with others by speaking,
Their communicating abilities will improve they will Their communicating concept will be in the best way.
senses. drawing, making signs to show the others what
have the ability to communicate with many people not They can communicate with themselves and with
they had observed and saw. others also with experts.
Comparing: only their teachers and classmates.
In this stage, children are able to compare the simple Comparing: inferring: inferring:
things. For example, they can compare between their In this stage, children will be able to compare They can know what is happening according to their They can infer what is happening .And the most of
mom sound and other sounds. between the real objects. simple experience and sometimes their inferring can their infers are right.
be wrong.
Classifying: Predicting:
They will understand the concept of classifying in predicting: They can predict what will happen easily. Because
this age because they will have more knowledge not all the children at this stage have the concept of they have a great imagination and previous
about things around them. For example, they can predicting. Because its hard to know what will happen experience.
classify between the wild animals and the sea especially they do not have a long experience.
animals . Hypothesizing:
Not only this stage children can put a hypothesis. They
can put in early age but most of their hypothesizes are
wrong because hypothesizing needs a long experience
to put it.