ECL 4340

POWER SYSTEMS

L ECTURE 3
T HREE -P HASE C IRCUITS
 A NNOUNCEMENT

Please read Chapters 1 and 2

HW 1 is 2.3, 5, 8, 11, 21; due Thursday 8/31
Will be turned in (for other homework we may have an
in-class quiz)
For Project (2.32, 33, 34) you need to use the
PowerWorld Software. You can download the software
and cases at the below link; get version 18 (August 20,
2015) http://www.powerworld.com/gloversarma.asp
 B ALANCED 3 P HASE () S YSTEMS

A balanced 3 phase () system has

three voltage sources with equal magnitude, but with an
angle shift of 120
equal loads on each phase
equal impedance on the lines connecting the generators
to the loads
Bulk power systems are almost exclusively 3
Single phase is used primarily only in low voltage,
low power settings, such as residential and some
commercial
B ALANCED 3 P HASE () S YSTEMS
B ALANCED 3 P HASE () S YSTEMS
B ALANCED 3 P HASE () S YSTEMS
B ALANCED 3 P HASE () S YSTEMS
B ALANCED 3 P HASE () S YSTEMS
B ALANCED 3 P HASE () S YSTEMS
 A DVANTAGES OF 3 P OWER

Can transmit more power for the same amount of

wire (twice as much as single phase)
Torque produced by 3 machines is constant
Three-phase machines use less material for the
same power rating
Three-phase machines start more easily than single
phase machines
 T HREE P HASE - W YE C ONNECTION

There are two ways to connect 3 systems

Wye (Y)
Delta ()

Wye Connection Voltages

Van V
Vbn V
Vcn V
W YE C ONNECTION L INE V OLTAGES
W YE C ONNECTION L INE V OLTAGES
W YE C ONNECTION L INE V OLTAGES
 W YE C ONNECTION , CONT D

Define voltage/current across/through device to be

phase voltage/current
Define voltage/current across/through lines to be
line voltage/current
j
VLine 3 VPhase 130 3 VPhase e 6

I Line I Phase
S3 3 VPhase I Phase
*
D ELTA C ONNECTION
D ELTA C ONNECTION
D ELTA C ONNECTION
D ELTA C ONNECTION
 T HREE P HASE E XAMPLE

Assume a -connected load is supplied from a 3

13.8 kV (L-L) source with Z = 10020 W
Vab 13.80 kV
Vbc 13.8 0 kV
Vca 13.80 kV

13.80 kV
I ab 138 20 amps
W
I bc 138 140 amps I ca 1380 amps
 T HREE P HASE E XAMPLE , CONT D

I a I ab I ca 138 20 1380
239 50 amps
I b 239 170 amps I c 2390 amps

S 3 Vab I ab
*
3 13.80kV 138 amps
5.7 MVA
5.37 j1.95 MVA
pf cos 20 lagging
 D ELTA -W YE T RANSFORMATION

To simplify analysis of balanced 3 systems:

1) -connected loads can be replaced by
1
Y-connected loads with ZY Z
3
2) -connected sources can be replaced by
VLine
Y-connected sources with Vphase
330
D ELTA -W YE T RANSFORMATION P ROOF