LESSON NOTES

Beginner S1 #11
They Have Seen the Movie

CONTENTS
2 English
2 Vocabulary
3 Sample Sentences
4 Vocabulary Phrase Usage
4 Grammar
6 Cultural Insight

# 11
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 ENGLISH

1. OKSANA: Uh, Naomi, there's something I need to tell you.

2. NAOMI: Oh yeah? What's that?

3. OKSANA: It's about Marco.

4. NAOMI: Marco? What is it?

5. OKSANA: Well, he has seen "Attraction" already.

6. NAOMI: He has? How do you know that?

7. OKSANA: Do you know Yuki and Vicky?

8. NAOMI: Sure. I have taken classes with both of them. Why?

9. OKSANA: They both separately told me that they have seen "Attraction" with
Marco.

10. NAOMI: What?! You're kidding!

11. OKSANA: I wish I were. Also, he has just asked me to go see "Attraction" with
him. Of course, I didn't accept.

12. NAOMI: But, I have dated Marco for a month! I had no idea!

VOCABULARY

V oc abular y English C lass

to want something to be true

to wish or to happen verb

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 to be in a state or condition
to need verb
that requires something

any one of the twelve parts

month into which the year is divided noun

to accept to agree to, to receive verb

to do an activity in hope of
to date romance verb

already before now, so soon adverb

expression used when the

of course thing being said is obvious noun

phrase said when something

you're kidding is hard to believe phrase

not together with something

separately or someone adverb

to have information in your

to know head, to be aware of verb
something

SAMPLE SENTENCES

I wish I had time to read that book now. I wish for world peace.

You don't need to worry about the spill. I'll The athlete needed some water after the
clean it up. run.

He started going to the gym last month. In one month's time, I will be on vacation.

He accepted the gift without hesitation. The website accepted the username and
password.

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I want to date the cute girl. They have been dating for a month.

It was only early evening, but the sun was They've already left for the airport.
setting already.

She practiced so much, so of course, she Of course, you can stay with me when you
won the competition. visit!

The concert was canceled, so we're not You're kidding! The test is tomorrow?
going anymore. > You're kidding!

The brothers were scolded separately. They arrived separately, but found each
other there.

She knew about the incident, but she kept I know where the best cafes and
it a secret. restaurants are in town.

VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE

The first phrase we will look at today is, "There's something I need to tell you." This is a
common phrase used in English before giving somebody some negative information. It
prepares the listener for what the speaker has to say by acting as a warning. In the dialogue,
Oksana says this phrase before telling Naomi that Marco has seen the movie with several
women already, which is unhappy news for Naomi.

The next phrase we'll look at is, "I had no idea!" This is a phrase used when the speaker is
surprised about something. It means that the speaker did not know and is a little shocked at
the new information. In this case, Naomi uses this phrase because she is clearly surprised
about what Oksana has told her. Another way of saying this is, "I have no clue."

GRAMMAR

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The Focus of This Lesson is the Present Perfect
"He has seen 'Attraction' already."

In Beginner Series, Season 1, Lessons 8, we learned about the perfect aspect, one of the four
aspects of verbs (simple, progressive, perfect, and perfect progressive). And, in Lesson 9, we
learned the core meaning of the present tense, one of three verb tenses (present, past, and
future). In this lesson, we will look at the combination of the perfect aspect with the present
tense in more detail. This combination is usually called the present perfect tense.

Let's review the perfect aspect. The core meaning of the perfect aspect is "prior" or "before."
You can notice the form of the perfect by the presence of "has," "have," or "had" before the
main verb and that the main verb is found in the form of the past participle (often with an -ed or
-en ending). For example, "I have eaten dinner already." "Eaten" is the past participle form of
"eat," and with "have" before it, the verb shows that the eating happened "prior" to (or before)
now.

Now, let's combine the perfect aspect with the present tense and see how they work together.
In Lesson 9, we learned that we use the present tense to talk about immediate facts, facts that
are related to now. So, we can combine the present tense with the perfect aspect to talk about
factual events that were completed before but have importance now. For example, you might
say, "I have been there before" when someone suggests a vacation spot, but you want to try a
new place.

Many often teach present perfect as the verb tense used to talk about whether someone has an
experience or not. For example, in the dialogue, Naomi says, "I've taken classes with both of
them." It's not important to the dialogue when she took classes with Yuki and Vicky; it is just
important that she has the prior experience because it is Naomi's way of explaining that she
knows Yuki and Vicky now, in the present.

There are other ways to use the present perfect. In the dialogue, Naomi says, "I have dated
Marco for a month!" She uses the perfect aspect because she began dating Marco before
now. In fact, she says it was one month before now. But she doesn't use the past tense
because her dating Marco is related to the current situation. It is relevant now; therefore, she
uses the present tense. So, we can use the present perfect to talk about situations that began
before now, but continue into the present.

Another way to use the present perfect is to talk about actions that are recently finished. For
example, in the dialogue, Oksana says about Marco, "He has just asked me to go see
"Attraction" with him." Again, because the action is prior, or before, we use the perfect aspect.
But, because the action has an impact on the current situation, she uses the present tense, not
the past tense. Notice that Oksana used the adverb "just" with the present perfect. "Just" is
common with this use of the present perfect.

Through these examples, we can see that the present perfect has several uses. But, by
focusing on the core meaning of both the perfect aspect and the present tense, we can
recognize the differences in meaning and use.

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Language Tip

Be sure to check the explanations about the perfect aspect in Lesson 8 and review the entire
aspect system in Lessons 6 through 9 with the audio and the PDFs. Practice listening to the
dialogues to help your ability to notice the grammar forms and write examples in the
comments on the website.

CULTURAL INSIGHT

Making Friends at the University Level

In universities, some classes have many students while others only have a few. Most of the
people in class will not know each other, but it is common to become acquainted with, or
even friends with, some of the classmates. Since university level courses are intense, often
times, students form study groups so that they can go over the material together. This is when
people get to know each other better. Some students in the classes may never see one
another again while others may become very good friends.

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