CCN2024 Logic & Reasoning Semester Two 2015/2016

Tutorial 5 Sentential Logic: Proofs (Ch. 4)

Answers

A. The Hard Logic Puzzle

Puzzle 3: ask the question, Is D in K if and only if da means yes?

C. Questions from our textbook

Ex 4-1

1. 4. ~A 1, 3 MT
5. C 2,4 DS

2. 4. A C 1, 2 HS
5. ~A 3, 4 MT

Ex 4-2

1. 1. ~ R
2. S R / ~S
3. ~S 1, 2 MT

2. 1. A S
2. (A S) R / R
3. R 1,2 MP

Ex 4-3

1. 1. D R p
2. (D R) [A (B D)] 1 Add

2. 1. [L (B A)] (L M) p
2. L (B A) 1 Simp

Ex 4-4

1. 1. Q R p
2. (Q R) Q p
3. Q 1,2 MP

1
2. 1. A B p
2. (A B B) p
3. B 1,2 MP

Ex 4-5

1. 1. (B M) R
2. L (B M) / L R
3. L R 2, 1 HS

2. 1. R S
2. (A L) [(R S) T]
/TL
3. (R S) T 2 Simp
4. T 1, 3 MP
5. T L 4 Add

Ex 4-6

1. 1. A ~ B
2. B / ~ A
3. ~~B 2 DN
4. ~A 1, 3 MT

2. 1. ~A ~B
2. B / A
3. ~~B 2 DN
4. ~~A 1, 3 MT
5. A 4 DN

Ex 4-7

1. 1. (B C) D p
2. ~ C p
3. D (B C) 1 Comm
4. (D B) (D C) 3 Dist
5. D C 4 Simp
6. D 2, 5 DS

2. 1. R p
2. (~C ~D) S p
3. ~(D C) ~R p
4. ~ ~ R 1 DN
5. ~ (C D) ~R 3 Comm

2
 6. ~ ~ (C D) 4, 5 MT
7. ~ (C D) S 2 DeM
8. S 6, 7 DS

Ex 4-12

10. 1. W Y
2. ~ W ~Y
3. X (Y Z) /~X
4. (W Y) (~W ~Y) 1 Equiv
5. ~ (W Y) 2 DeM
6. ~W ~Y 4, 5 DS
7. ~Y 6 Simp
8. ~ Y ~ Z 7 Add
9. ~ (Y Z) 8 DeM
10. ~X 3, 9 MT

Ex 4-13

Prove valid using the eighteen valid argument forms.

10. 1. A B
2. A C
3. D B
4. D ~ C / B
5. C A 2 Comm
6. ~~C A 5 DN
7. ~C A 6 Impl
8. ~C B 1, 7 HS
9. ~C D 4 Comm
10. C D 9 Impl
11. C B 3, 10 HS
12. B B 1, 5, 11 CD
13. B 12 Taut